COLLEGEENGLISH新編大學英語第四版綜合教程4ZHEJIANGOCEANUNIVERSITYFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSUnitBeyondthefinishline2Reading1目錄contentsGet

readytoreadTextexploration

新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2ReadandpracticeReadandthink

Readandwrite

ReadandtranslateReading1目錄contentsGet

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2ReadandpracticeReadandthinkReadandwrite

ReadandtranslateTextexplorationReading1Get

readytoreadThemoderntriathlon,anendurancecontestthatinvolvesswimming,cycling,andrunning,attractsmillionsofparticipantsperyear.Doyouknowwhostagedthissportandwhatthefirsttriathlonwaslike?Watchavideoclipaboutthefirsttriathlonandanswerthequestions.新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Watchforinformation1.Whatwasthefirsteventinthefirsttriathlon?__________________________________________________2.Whatwasthefinalchallengeinthefirsttriathlon?__________________________________________________3.WhatwasBettyJohnstone’sroleinthefirsttriathlon?__________________________________________________Reading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit24.WhatdidJackJohnstonethinkofthetriathlonidea?__________________________________________________5.WhendidthetriathlonbecomeanOlympicsport?__________________________________________________6.WhatdoesTomRothhaarsayabouttoday’striathlonbikes?__________________________________________________7.Howmuchwaschargedforentryintothefirsttriathlon?__________________________________________________8.Whydidn’tDonShanahanandJackJohnstonetrademarkthetriathlonidea?__________________________________________________WatchforinformationReading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2WatchforinformationReading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit21.Whatwasthefirsteventinthefirsttriathlon?__________________________________________________2.Whatwasthefinalchallengeinthefirsttriathlon?__________________________________________________3.WhatwasBettyJohnstone’sroleinthefirsttriathlon?__________________________________________________4.WhatdidJackJohnstonethinkofthetriathlonidea?__________________________________________________5.WhendidthetriathlonbecomeanOlympicsport?__________________________________________________Athree-milerun.Theyhadtocrawlupasteepdirtbank.Shewasinchargeofshoes.Itwouldbeaone-timefunevent.In2000.WatchforinformationReading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit26.WhatdoesTomRothhaarsayabouttoday’striathlonbikes?__________________________________________________7.Howmuchwaschargedforentryintothefirsttriathlon?__________________________________________________8.Whydidn’tDonShanahanandJackJohnstonetrademarkthetriathlonidea?__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________Onedollar.eventtobecomeaspopularasitis.Itdidn’tevenoccurtothem,sincetheydidn’texpecttheTheyarehigh-techandveryexpensive.WatchforinformationReading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2WatchanddiscussWorkingroupsanddiscussthequestions.Shanahanemphasizesthattriathlonparticipantscanalwaysgetgoodworkoutsandreaphealthbenefits,regardlessoftheirpositionintherace.Inadditiontothehealthbenefits,inwhatotherwaysdoyouthinkatriathloncanbenefitus?Areyouinclinedtotakepartinatriathlon?Whatfactorsinfluenceyourdecision,andwhy？Reading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Question1:Inwhatotherwaysdoyouthinkatriathloncanbenefitus?

ReapinghealthDevelopingmentaltoughnessProvidingasenseofaccomplishmentBoostingself-confidenceStrengtheningsocialconnectionBenefitsofatriathlonReading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Sampleanswer:Inadditiontothehealthbenefits,engaginginatriathlonoffersseveralotheradvantages.Tobeginwith,participatinginatriathlonhelpsdevelopmentaltoughness.Thisendurancesportchallengesathletestoovercomeobstaclesandstayfocusedduringtheevent.Allofthesemaywellleadtoenhancedmentalstrength.Second,itprovidesasenseofaccomplishmentandboostsself-confidence.Trainingforandcompletingatriathloninvolvessettingspecific,measurablegoals.Theprocessofsetting,pursuing,andattainingfitnessgoalsismorethanaReading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Sampleanswer:physicaltriumph:Itreflectsacomprehensivetriumphthatoftentranslatesintosuccessinotherareasoflife,beitpersonalorprofessional.Thisjourneyfurtherenhancesone’sself-esteem.Moreover,itisconducivetosocialconnection.Triathlonsoftenfosterastrongsenseofcommunity.Whetherthroughjoiningatriathloncluborparticipatingingrouptrainingsessions,athletesfindthemselvesamidasupportiveandencouragingnetworkoffriends.Theseconnectionsextendbeyondjusttrainingpartners;theyoftenevolveintolifelongfriendships.Reading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2SophiahesitantReason1:requiringanextremely

high

levelofphysicalfitnessReason2:exertingoverwhelmingpsychologicalpressureReason3:demandingasubstantialtimecommitmentQuestion2:Areyouinclinedtotakepartinatriathlon?Whatfactorsinfluenceyourdecision,andwhy？Reading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reason1:

improving

physicalfitnessReason2:overcomingpersonalfears

andbuildingresilienceReason3:promisingpersonalgrowth andphysicalaccomplishmentQuestion2:Areyouinclinedtotakepartinatriathlon?Whatfactorsinfluenceyourdecision,andwhy？MaxexcitedSophiaReading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Sampleanswer:Personally,Ifindmyselfhesitanttoparticipateinatriathlon.First,engaginginatriathlonrequiresanextremelyhighlevelofphysicalfitness—astandardthat,frankly,Idonotmeet.Iamconcernedaboutthepotentialstrainonmybody.Second,thetriathlonwouldexertoverwhelmingpsychologicalpressureonme.Inparticular,themerethoughtofopenwaterswimmingfillsmewithaconsiderableamountoffear.Third,trainingforatriathlondemandsasubstantialtimecommitment.Balancingschoolworkandotherresponsibilitieswithrigoroustrainingischallengingforme.Thisaddsanotherlayerofdifficultyandfurtherdiscouragesmefromparticipating.MaxReading1Get

readytoread新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Sampleanswer:Certainly,I’mexcitedabouttheprospectofparticipatinginatriathlon.Firstly,itoffersauniqueopportunitytoimprovemyphysicalfitnessthroughdiversetraininginswimming,cycling,andrunning.Thischallengeappealstomeasitencouragesconstantimprovementandtestsmylimitsacrossdifferentdisciplines.Secondly,conqueringopenwaterandmasteringtransitionsbetweenactivitiespresentanopportunityformetoovercomepersonalfearsandbuildresilience.Lastly,thedisciplineandtimemanagementskillsrequiredtoprepareforsuchaneventpromiseasignificantphysicalaccomplishmentandpersonalgrowth.Tome,engaginginatriathlonmeanspushingboundaries,bothphysicallyandmentally,forarewardingandenrichingexperience.Reading1目錄contentsGet

readytoreadTextexploration

新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2ReadandpracticeReadandthinkReadandwrite

ReadandtranslateReading1TextexplorationPre-readingquestionsStructure

VocabularyBackgroundinformationTextreading新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingVocabularyPre-readingquestionsStructure新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Backgroundinformation:Atriathlonisanendurancemultisportraceconsistingofswimming,cycling,andrunningovervariousdistances.Triathletescompeteforfastestoverallcompletiontime,racingeachsegmentsequentiallywiththetimetransitioningbetweenthedisciplinesincluded.Thesportoriginatedinthelate1970sinSouthernCaliforniaassportsclubsandindividualsdevelopedthesport.Triathletestraintoachieveendurance,strengthandspeed.TriathlonReading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Culturenotes

CarlJung,borninSwitzerlandin1875,iswidelyregardedasoneofthemostinfluentialpsychologistsinhistory.Hewasaradicalandinspirationalpsychologistwhodevelopedauniquewayofunderstandingthehumanpsycheanditsfunctioning.Someofhisconceptsandtermshaveenteredintoeverydaylanguage,suchas“introversion(內向性)”and“extroversion(外向性),”“complex(情結)”and“archetype(原始意象).”Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Culturenotes

GottfriedLeibniz(1646-1716)isaprominentfigureinthehistoryofphilosophyandmathematics.Asaphilosopher,heisaleadingrepresentativeof17th-centuryrationalismandidealism.Asamathematician,hedevelopedthemainideasofcalculus,independentlyofIsaacNewton’scontemporaneousdevelopments.Reading1TextexplorationTextreadingVocabularyBackgroundinformationStructurePre-readingquestions新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationBasedonthetitle“TheGentlemen’sTriathlon”,whatdoyouthinkthisuniquetriathlonmightinclude?Howdoyouthinkitwilldifferfromtraditionaltriathlons?Thinkofatimewhenyoufacedrivalry,whetherinsports,academics,oranotherarea.Howdidthisrivalryinfluenceyourperformanceandaffectyourrelationshipwithyourcompetitor?新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Pre-readingquestionsReading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Sampleanswertoquestion1：Ithinkthetriathlonmightincludeeventslikeachessmatch,ashort-distanceroadcyclingrace,andafencingduel.Thistriathlonwoulddifferfromtraditionalonesbyemphasizingbothmentalandphysicalskills,aswellasincorporatingelementsofstrategyandsportsmanship.Iguessthistriathloncouldfeatureatacticalobstaclecourse,adebatecompetition,andaprecisionarcherysegment.Itwouldstandoutfromtraditionaltriathlonsbyblendingintellectualchallengeswithphysicalagilityandprecision,requiringparticipantstoexcelindiverseareas.SophiaMaxReading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Sampleanswertoquestion1：Inmyopinion,thetriathlonmightinvolveagolfround,ateam-basedrelayrace,andanegotiationchallenge.Unliketraditionaltriathlons,thisversionwouldfocusonsocialinteraction,teamwork,andstrategicthinking,offeringauniquecombinationofphysicalandprofessionalskills.OliviaEthanIsupposethistriathloncouldincludearowingrace,apoetryrecital,andaproblem-solvingchallenge.Thistriathlonwouldbeuniqueinitsmixofendurance,creativity,andcognitiveproblem-solving,providingacomprehensivetestofbothbodyandmind.Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Sampleanswertoquestion2：Rivalriescanbeintense,buttheyreallypushmetoperformmybest.IrememberinhighschoolwhenIwascompetingagainstaclassmateforthetopspotinourdebateteam.Itmotivatedmetoresearchmore,practiceharder,andultimatelybecomeabetterdebater.Rivalriescanbereallychallengingandcreatealotoftension.IrememberincollegewhenIwascompetingwithmyroommateforthesameinternship.Itruinedourfriendshipandmadeeverythingreallyawkwardbetweenus.SophiaMaxReading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Sampleanswertoquestion2：Rivalriesaregreatbecausetheybringoutthecompetitivespiritinyou.Iusedtoplaybasketballagainstmyneighboreveryweekend,anditmademeworkonmyskillsandstrategy.Plus,it’salwaysfuntohavesomeonepushingyoutobebetter.OliviaEthanI’mkindofonthefenceaboutrivalries.Ononehand,theydomotivateyoutoimprove,butontheotherhand,theycanleadtounnecessarystressandtension.Ioncehadatennisrivalrythatpushedmetorefinemyskillsandperformbetter,butitalsostrainedmyrelationshipwithmyopponent.Reading1TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingPre-readingquestionsStructureVocabulary新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationStructureThegentlemen’striathlonIntroductionoftheGentlemen’sTriathlonConcept(Para.1-2)TheGentlemen’sTriathlonEvent(Paras.3-8)ReflectionontheBenefitsofRivalry(Paras.9-11)Conclusion(Paras.12-13)

新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationStructurePart1(Paras.1-2)Theauthorintroducestheideaofagentlemen’striathlon,whichcombines_________,_______,and_________challenges,andchallengeshisfriendAndytoparticipate.physicalmentaldexterity新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationStructurePart2(Paras.3-8)Paras.3-5:Physicalchallenge:_______matchParas.6-7:Mentalchallenge:________matchPara.8:Dexteritychallenge:_________matchrunningchesstabletennis新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationStructurePart3(Paras.9-11)Para.9:Rivalrymotivatespeopletopushtheirlimitsand_______.Para.10:Rivalrydrivespeopletoachievegreaterexcellenceinvariousfields,including_______,________,andsports.Para.11:rivalrymotivatesindividualstostriveforexcellenceandunleashtheirfull_______.excelartsciencepotential新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationStructurePart4(Paras.12-13)Rivalryfosterspersonalgrowth

andforges_____________,ultimatelybringingpeopleclosertogetherthroughmutualinspirationandfriendship.socialbonding新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationGlobalunderstandingReadthepassageandcompletethesummarywithinformationfromthepassage.WhileswimminginapoolinFrance,Ithoughtofagentlemen’striathlonfocusedmoreon1)______________thanonspeed.IchallengedmyfriendAndytoitandhegraciouslyaccepted.Ourtriathlonstartedwitharun.Thepresenceofcompetitors2)_________meontoreachtheend.Andycrossedthefinishinglinefinally,thoughabsolutely3)__________.Itturnedoutthatitwasthe4)___________thathehadruninover20years.enjoymentspurredshatteredfirsttime新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationInthesubsequentchessgame,Andyresponded5)___________,whichforcedmeto6)______________________,eventhoughheeventuallyconceded.Inthetable-tennismatch,whileAndywas7)___________tosecurevictory,Ididn’tplaybadlyandIwon.Thisuniquetriathlonmademereflectonrivalry.Itpropelsustoattain8)__________________________inallfieldsandunleashour9)_____________.Moreover,itremindsusthatwearestrongertogetherthanweareasindividualsandhelpstoforge10)_________________________.deliberatelyspendmoretimethinkingdeterminedgreaterlevelsofexcellencefullpotentialsocialbonding/friendship新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1TextexplorationDetailedunderstandingReadthepassageagainandchoosethebestanswertothequestions.1.HowdidtheauthorfeelabouthavingpersuadedAndytoruninthetriathlon?A.Guilty. B.Proud. C.Desperate. D.Excited.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthechessgame?A.Itwasdistracting. B.Itwasintense.C.Itwasstress-free. D.Itwasone-sided.AB新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1Textexploration3.WhatinspiredAndytorun5Kthatmorning?A.Theneedforexercising.B.Thedesireforrecognition.C.Thespiritoffriendship.D.Thechallengeofcompeting.4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor’sattitudetowardthosewhotussledwithhim?A.Hewasgrateful. B.Hewasannoyed.C.Hewascritical. D.Hewasindifferent.DA新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1Textexploration5.WhydoestheauthormentionIsaacNewtonandGottfriedLeibnizinPara.10?A.Tostressthebenefitsofcooperation.B.Tohighlighttheircontributionstomathematics.C.Toillustratethedifficultyinachievingsuccess.D.Toexemplifytheimportanceofrivalry.6.Accordingtotheauthor,howshouldpeoplerespondtochallengesintheirprofessionalfields?A.Theyshouldsticktotheirperspective.B.Theyshouldstayintheircomfortzone.C.Theyshouldreassesstheirargument.D.Theyshouldmakesignificantadjustments.DCReading1TextexplorationCulturenotesPre-readingquestionsVocabulary

StructureTextreading新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit21TheideaoccurredtomeinaswimmingpoolinFrance.Iwasgentlycomingtotheendofalengthofbreaststroke,anditstruckmethatthereoughttobeatriathlonthatisallaboutenjoyment,notspeed.Whyaredecathlonsortriathlonsonlyconcernedwithphysicalfeats?Whataboutholdingagentlemen’striathlon,encompassingaphysicalchallenge(arun),amentalsparring(agameofchess),andatestofdexterity(aracquetsport)?Thegentlemen’striathlonReading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit22ImmediatelymythoughtspivotedtomyfriendAndy.BackinFebruaryheacceptedmychallengetodoaparkrunlaterintheyear.Hecanplaychess,too.Whenitcomestotabletennis,wearemoreorlesseven.Ichallengedhimtoa“gentlemen’striathlon”,asIcalledit.Hegraciouslyaccepted.3

IttookplaceonabeautifulSaturdaymorning,withthesunglintingacrossthemoorinthedistanceandearlyautumnalwistfulnesshoveringintheair.Thegroundwasverywet,soeventhoughweweretoberunningontheflat,ourtimeswouldnotbebreakinganyrecords.Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit24Therewerewellover200runnerswithus.Whenthewhistleblew,Andysetofffast.Istayedonhisshoulder,inaboutsixthorseventhplace.Buthecouldn’tkeepthispaceupandhestartedtoslowafterlessthan30seconds.Irealisedthatthiswouldscarcelybeacontest,andIsweptpasthim.So,Isetmysightsonthetimechallenge—notoverextendingmyselfbutnotrelaxingtoomucheither.Amanovertookme,andIkeptpacewithhim,adjustingmyspeedaccordingly.AsIran,Icouldalsohearawoman’slightquickbreathsbehindme—theknowledgeofhowcloseshewasspurredmeon.With200metreslefttothefinishingline,Isummonedupmylastreservesofenergyandsprintedacrossthepebblesandbrokentarmac,determinedtoreachtheend.Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit25IranbacktofindAndy,whowasfarbehindbutundeterred.Iranalongsidehimtotheendandfeltapangofguiltforhavingpersuadedhimtorun.Hewasabsolutelyshattered—breathlessandspeechless.Itturnedoutthatthiswasthefirsttimehehadrunanywhereformorethan20years.Iwasimpressedbyhisunwaveringdeterminationthroughoutthewholedistance.Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit26Aboutthreehourslater,wesatdowntoplaychess.Iplayedwhiteandopenedwithmyking’spawn.Andyrespondeddeliberatelyeachtime,puttingalotofthoughtintoeverymove.Andy’sconcentrationforcedmetospendmoretimethinking,andmorepossibilitiesbecameapparent.Thegamewassointense,anditwasalmosthallucinatory.Thebirdsongintheparkwassoclearthat,whenitwashismove,Iheardbirds’callsasiftheywereallperchedaroundmychair,watching.Whenitwasmymove,itwasasiftheyallfellsilent,waitingtofindoutmymove.Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit27Graduallyhisdefencebeganto

crumbleandhehadtomakeconcessions.Ultimately,hewasforcedtoshiftapiecethatallowedmetotraphisattackingrook.Heknewthegamewasupandconceded.Wehadbeenplayingformorethananhourandahalf.8Afteralatelunch,wetookoutourtable-tennisbatsforthethirdandfinalroundofthetriathlon.Andywasjustascompetitiveasever,determinedtosecurevictoryinatleastoneofthesecontests.ButIdidn’tplaybadly,andthebest-of-seven-gamesmatchendedupwithmewinning4:2.Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit29Attheendoftheday,Ithoughtaboutthebenefitsofrivalry.ItwasthechallengeofcompetingthatmotivatedAndytorun5Kthismorning—somethingforwhich,believeitornot,hewasgrateful,despitethefactthathismuscleswentontocausehimconsiderablediscomfortforacoupleofdays.

Moreover,whenIwasrunning,eachofthosepeoplewhotussledwithmeforthenextplacehelpedmealong.Forshortperiodswewereboundtogetherinthedrivetowinorkeepthatplace,andsoweencouragedeachothertoexcel.Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit210Thisdoesnotjustapplytorunning.Isometimeslookbackacrossthecenturiesandfindthat,whenthemostprominentexponentsofanartorsciencemadetheirmark,itwasfrequentlyafterthethresholdforsuccesshadbeenraisedbyarival,betheyapredecessor,ateacher,oranotherleadingfigure.ThinkofPlatoandAristotleinphilosophy,MozartandBeethoveninmusic,FreudandJunginpsychoanalysis,andIsaacNewtonandGottfriedLeibnizinmathematics.Themoredeeplyyoudelveintoit,themoreexamplesyoucanfind.Inartandscience,aswellasinsport,rivalrypropelspeopletoattaingreaterlevelsofexcellence.Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit211Itisnotjustgreatartistsandscientistswhofeedoffeachothertoproducethepinnacleofhumanachievement;thisiswhatmostofusdoinoureverydaylives.AmIspurredonbyrivalriesinthehistoryprofession?Ofcourse!WhenIpublisharesearcharticleandsomeoneresponds,sayingtheydon’tacceptitforthisorthatreason,thechallengeislaiddown—formetoreevaluatemyargumentand,ifIfeelIamcorrect,topushitthatbitfurther.Inrunning,youcandoitbytrainingmoreintensivelyormakingdietaryadjustments.Asyouimproveateithertask,itgetsharderandhardertoincreaseperformancestillfurther.Thetrainingwillonlytakeyousofar:Mostathletesproducetheirbestperformanceinmoreadversarialcontexts.Inbothcases,youneedtherivalrytopushyouon—togofurtherthanotherpeoplewouldnormallygoandunleashyourfullpotential.Reading1Textexploration新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit212Asthedayofmygentlemen’striathlondrewtoaclose,Andystressedhowmuchhehadenjoyedit.Hewastheepitomeofsportsmanship.ItoldhimthatIwasinhisdebt.NotonlydidIenjoytheday,butIwaspushedtorunwell,andtoplaythebestgameofchessIhadplayedinalongwhile.Andythensaidthathavingtherealisationthathecanrun5K,hewantedtodoitagainandclosethegaponme.Hewasinspired.13Whatpositivethingswecandoforoneanother!Rivalryexistssothatpeoplehelpeachotherandinspireeachothertoreachnewheights.Ultimately,itservestoremindusthatwearestrongertogetherthanweareasindividuals.Regardlessofwhowinsandwholoses,itsgreatvirtueliesinforgingsocialbonding.Or,asIprefertothinkofit,friendship.Reading1TextexplorationBackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsVocabulary

StructureTextreading新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Textexplorationturnorbalanceonacentralpoint,ormakesth.dothis（使）在樞軸上轉動（或平衡）1.pivotv.Vocabularye.g.Windowsthatpivotfromacentralpointarenotonlyaestheticallyappealingbutalsoeasytoclean.Reading1新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Textexploration1)[C]acentralpointorpinonwhichsth.balancesorturns樞；樞軸；支點；支軸e.g.Themechanicexplainedthattheissuewiththecar’ssteeringwasduetoaworn-outpivot.2)[C,usu.sing.](also~point)themostimportantthinginasituation,system,etc.,whichotherthingsdependonorarebasedon

核心；中心e.g.Thegoalofqualityeducationisthepivotaroundwhichothergoalsrevolve.1.pivotn.Reading1新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Textexploration?Practice:Becauseherjobhadbeenthepivotofherlife,retirementwasverydifficult.①

因為她的工作一直是她生活的中心，所以退休對她來說非常困難。②

監控攝像頭可以自動旋轉，以監視整個走廊。Thesecuritycamerascanautomaticallypivottomonitortheentirehallway.Reading1Textexploration2.spur

vt.(also~sb.on)encouragesb.ormakethemwanttodosth.激勵；鼓勵e.g.

Criticismcanbeofgreatuse;wemaynotlikeitatthetime,butitcanspurusontogreaterthings.新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2?Practice:受到之前成功的鼓勵，她緊接著又連續寫了4部小說。Spurred(on)byherearlysuccess,shewentontowritefourmorenovelsinrapidsuccession.Reading1Textexploration3.summon

vt.(fml.)1)(also~sth.up)tryveryhardtohaveenoughcourage,energy,orstrength,becauseyouneedit鼓起（勇氣）；振作（精神）；使出（力氣）e.g.Ruthtookadeepbreath,summoneduphercourage,andtoldhimthetruth.2)ordersb.tocometoaplace召喚；叫來e.g.

Thetowncouncilwassummonedtohearanemergencyreportonitsfinances.新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2Reading1Textexploration①我花了6個月時間才鼓起勇氣約他出去喝一杯。新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2?Practice:Ittookmesixmonthstosummon(up)thecouragetoaskhimoutforadrink.②將軍召集援軍幫助抵抗進攻。TheGeneralsummonedreinforcementstohelpresisttheattack.?Collocations:summon(up)couragesummonameetingsummonawitnesssummonaphysician鼓起勇氣召集會議傳喚證人召喚醫生Reading1Textexploration4.deter

vt.stopsb.fromdoingsth.,bymakingthemrealizeitwillbedifficultorhavebadresults威懾住；嚇住；使卻步e.g.

Thehigh-securitysystemwilldeterunauthorizedaccesstothebuilding.新編大學英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit2?Practice:①

該公司的財務困難使潛在投資者望而卻步。Thecompany’sfinancialdifficultieshavedeterredpotentialinvestors.②

安裝安全攝像頭是為了防止人們偷竊。Thesecuritycamerawasinstalledtodeterpeoplefromstealing.?Relatedwords：undeterredadj.未被嚇住的，不灰心的Reading1Textexploration5.shatter

vt./v.1)vt.completelydestroyorruinsth.suchassb.’sbeliefsorlife毀壞（生活等）；使（信念等）破滅e.g.

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