2025版【外研版】英語《高中全程學習方略》Unit4StageandscreenPart2Usinglanguage語法知識·精講點撥現在分詞作狀語(-ingasadverbial)【教材自主探究】補全以下教材原句并思考所填詞的功能。1.Dating(date)backtothe18thcentury,PekingOperahasovertwohundredyearsofhistory.2.Starting(start)withanorchestraplayingtraditionalChineseinstruments,theoperabroughtacompletelynewsoundtomyWesternears.3.Using(use)suchtechniques,theoperahadtransformedasmallstageintothewholeuniverse.4.Then,seeing(see)themaincharacterscomeonstage,Iwassurprised!5.Havingseen(see)quiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence—untilthePekingOperacametotown!

探究:【語法精要點撥】現在分詞在句中作狀語時,其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語,表主動、進行,相當于一個狀語從句,根據需要可以使用被動式或完成式。一、現在分詞作狀語的形式時態主動語態被動語態一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone二、現在分詞作狀語的要點1.作時間狀語相當于一個由when,while,after等引導的時間狀語從句。*Havingfinishedallmywork,Isatdowntohavearest.=AfterIhadfinishedallmywork,Isatdowntohavearest.完成了所有的工作,我坐下來休息。知識深一度當表示正在進行的動作時,可直接在分詞前面加上when/while,此時也可理解為狀語從句的省略。*(應用文之活動描述)Whileclimbingthemountain,weenjoyedthewarmsunshineandabeautifulview.爬山時,我們沐浴著溫暖的陽光,欣賞著美麗的風景。2.作原因狀語相當于原因狀語從句,一般可轉化為because或as引導的原因狀語從句。*Occupyinghimselfwithroutinetasks,hehadnotimetoaccompanyhischildren.=Becauseheoccupiedhimselfwithroutinetasks,hehadnotimetoaccompanyhischildren.由于忙于日常工作,他沒有時間陪孩子們。3.作條件狀語一般放在句首,其前可以加if,unless等連詞。*Takingexerciseregularly,youwillbelesslikelytocatchavirus.=Ifyoutakeexerciseregularly,youwillbelesslikelytocatchavirus.如果你經常鍛煉,你感染病毒的可能性就會減少。4.作結果狀語現在分詞作結果狀語時,通常放在句末,中間用逗號隔開,表示一種順其自然、意料之中的結果。*Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.他們的車遇上了交通堵塞,因而耽擱了。知識寬一度現在分詞與不定式作結果狀語現在分詞作結果狀語表示必然的結果,通常放在句末。有時為了突出結果,現在分詞前可加thus,相當于so或sothat引導的結果狀語從句。不定式作結果狀語時,常與only,never連用,表示一種出乎意料的結果。*Europeanfootballisplayedinmorethan80countries,makingitoneofthemostpopulargamesintheworld.超過80個國家踢歐洲足球,這使其成為世界上最受歡迎的運動之一。*Theactorintendedtoleavequickly,onlytobesurroundedbyhisfans.這位演員本打算很快離開,結果卻被他的粉絲們包圍了。5.作伴隨狀語沒有相應的狀語從句可以轉換,但可以轉換成并列句。*(讀后續寫之動作描寫)Nearlybeatenbythebear,mywifewavedherhandswildly,screaming“help”.=Nearlybeatenbythebear,mywifewavedherhandswildlyandscreamed“help”.幾乎要被熊襲擊的時候,我的妻子瘋狂地揮手,尖叫著“救命”。6.作讓步狀語*KnowingwhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.=ThoughheknowswhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.盡管知道我住哪兒,但他從不來看我。7.作方式狀語*(讀后續寫之心理描寫)Memoriesoftearsandlaughtercamefloodinginashevisitedhissecondaryschool.當他參觀他的中學時,淚水和歡笑的記憶如潮水般涌入心頭。8.評注性狀語有些現在分詞用于句首,沒有邏輯主語而獨立存在,作為句子的獨立成分來修飾全句,表明說話者的態度、觀點等,這被稱為評注性狀語。*Generallyspeaking,childrenarenaturallycurious.一般來說,孩子天生好奇。知識寬一度常見的評注性狀語有:generallyspeaking一般來說,franklyspeaking坦率地說,roughlyspeaking大致說來,judgingfrom/by...根據……來判斷,considering...考慮到……,supposing...假如……等。即學活用單句語法填空(1)Henowtreatseveryonewithkindnessandwarmth,spreading(spread)loveandjoyeverywherehegoes.(2)Throwing(throw)theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamshoutedhappily.(3)Notrealizing(notrealize)thathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.

(4)Atnight,theheatabsorbedbythewallduringthedaywarmsthecoolair,creating(create)acomfortabletemperatureinside.(5)Walking(walk)inthepark,Isawabeautifulbutterfly.(6)Working(work)frommorningtillnight,hisfatherdidn’tgetenoughfood.(7)Thelittleboywentupstairs,trailing(trail)histeddybearbehindhim.三、現在分詞的時態和語態1.現在分詞的時態現在分詞作狀語時,要注意分詞的時態,是用現在分詞的一般式(doing),還是用完成式(havingdone)。(1)當現在分詞的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時發生時,用分詞的一般式。*Seeingthebeautifulsight,thechildrenfeltexcited.(seeing和felt同時發生)看到美麗的景色,孩子們很興奮。(2)當現在分詞的動作先發生,而謂語動詞的動作后發生時,用分詞的完成式。*Havingwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice.(havingwritten發生在went之前)寫完信后,約翰去了郵局。2.現在分詞的語態使用現在分詞的主動形式還是被動形式,這主要取決于現在分詞和句子主語之間的關系。句子的主語就是分詞的邏輯主語。*Havingwaitedforherfortwohoursinthepark,Ihadtoleave.(現在分詞的主動形式)在公園里等了她兩個小時之后,我不得不離開了。*Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.(現在分詞的被動形式)他被告知多次,但還是犯了同樣的錯誤。知識深一度動詞-ing形式的否定形式:not+doing與nothaving+done*Notknowingthis,hedidn’tcome.他不知道這件事,所以沒來。*Nothavingmadefullpreparations,weputoffthesportsmeeting.因為沒有做充分的準備,我們把運動會延期了。四、現在分詞構成的獨立主格結構現在分詞作狀語時,其邏輯主語與句子的主語應該一致,否則,現在分詞應有自己的邏輯主語,構成獨立主格結構。獨立主格結構通常用來表示伴隨的動作或情況,有時還可以表示時間、原因、條件或解釋整個句子。*Thesituationgettingworse,theyhadtoaskforhelp.情況越來越糟,他們不得不求助。即學活用句型轉換(1)Whentheylefttheairport,theywavedagainandagaintous.→Whenleavingtheairport,theywavedagainandagaintous.

(2)BecauseIdidn’tknowhercellphonenumber,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithher.→Notknowinghercellphonenumber,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithher.

(3)AfterTomwaspraisedforthejob,heworkedharder.→Havingbeenpraisedforthejob,Tomworkedharder.

(4)Thesnowlastedaweek,soitledtoaserioustrafficjaminthearea.→Thesnowlastedaweek,leadingtoaserioustrafficjaminthearea.

(5)Fornearlythreehourswewaitedforthedecision,butweweretoldtoreturnthenextday.→Fornearlythreehourswewaitedforthedecision,onlytobetoldtoreturnthenextday.

語法對接高考Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.(2023·全國乙卷·語法填空)Havingvisited(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產)whileconstantlygrowing.

2.(2024·全國甲卷·完形填空)Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable,listening(listen)closely.3.(2023·全國甲卷·語法填空)“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmericawherealllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowing(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.4.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·閱讀理解A)Fromaclassicviewpoint,enjoyLowerFalls,theYellowstoneRiver,andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峽谷)whilelearning(learn)aboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.Ⅱ.單句寫作1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·讀后續寫)IstillrememberitwasaMondaymorninginspring,whenmyteachercalledmetohisoffice,tellingmethatIhadtakenthefirstplaceinthewritingcontest.

我還記得那是春天的一個星期一早上,老師把我叫到他的辦公室,告訴我我在寫作比賽中得了第一名。2.(2023·浙江1月高考·讀后續寫)Contentandjoyful,sheflewabout2metersabovetheground,turningherheadfromsidetosideasifexpressinghergratitudetomeforsavingherlifeagain.

它心滿意足,滿心歡喜地飛到離地面約2米的地方,左右搖頭好像在向我表達它對我再一次救了它一命的感激之情。情境活動·能力應用Activity1TypesofTVprogrammeⅠ.話題詞匯1.insuchanamazingandmagicalway 以如此驚人和神奇的方式2.putonawonderfulperformance 上演一場精彩的演出3.providesb.withgreatfun 為某人提供極大的樂趣4.leaveadeepimpressiononsb. 給某人留下深刻的印象5.enjoythecreativeplotandsetting 欣賞創造性的情節和背景6.havegreatimagination 很有想象力7.experiencediverseChineseculture 體驗多元化的中國文化8.talentshows 才藝秀9.increaseone’sknowledgeabout 增加對……的了解10.makeabriefintroductionto 對……做簡單介紹Ⅱ.話題情境A:Hallam,whatkindofTVprogramsdoyouenjoywatching?B:Ilikecurrentaffairsprogramsanddocumentaries.A:Whydoyoulikethem?B:Ithinktheprogramscan1.increasemyknowledgeabouttoday’sworld(增加我對當今世界的了解).Whataboutyou?

A:Ilikewatchingentertainmentprograms,suchas2.talentshows(才藝秀).Ithinkthiskindofprogramcan3.provideuswithgreatfun(為我們提供極大的樂趣).Ofcourse,Ialsolikewatchingdocumentaries,forexample,GoingthroughChina,whichcanmakeme4.experiencediverseChineseculture(體驗多元化的中國文化).

B:Ilikethisprogram,too.Ithinkthisprogramnotonly5.makesabriefintroductionto(對……做簡單介紹)variousfolkcustomsandnaturallandscapesbutalsoletsuswitnessthegreatchangesinChinainrecentdecades.I’mthrilledtoseeChineseculture6.insuchanamazingandmagicalway(以如此驚人和神奇的方式).

A:Yes,agoodprogramalways7.leavesadeepimpressiononus(給我們留下深刻的印象).

B:Ican’tagreewithyoumore.Activity2WatchingaperformanceⅢ.情境句式1.Whatkindofperformanceitwas?它是什么樣的表演?2.Whenandwhereyousawit?你什么時候在哪兒看的?3.Itendedupwith...最后是……4.Hegaveawonderfulperformance!他表演得棒極了!5.Wordscannotexpresshowamazingthisconcertwas!無法用言語表達這場音樂會有多么令人驚嘆!6.Theirloveandpassiontouchedeverysinglepersoninthearena.他們的愛和激情感動了競技場里的每一個人。Ⅳ.教材聽力填空(聽音頻回答問題)Lisa和Josh正在就格拉斯頓伯里音樂節相關事項進行商討……Lisa:Hey,Josh!DidyoumanagetogetticketsforGlastonburyFestival?Josh:Hi,Lisa,I’mgladyouphoned.Youwon’tbelievehowluckyIwas—theticketssoldoutin1.20minutes!YetIgotticketsforbothofus!

Lisa:Amazing!Whendoesitstart?Josh:ItstartsnextSaturday,24Juneand2.lastsforfivedays.

Lisa:OK,sowe’llneedtostaytherefor3.fournights.Shallwebookahotel?

Josh:I’mnotsure.Thehotelsarequitefarfromthefestivalsite,soIsuggestwebring4.ourtents.

Lisa:That’sagoodidea!Howdowegettothefestival?Josh:WecantakeatrainfromLondonPaddingtontoCastleCary,whichcosts￡70.40.Thereisadirecttrainleavingat9:00am.Whenwearrive,wecantakethefreebusfromthestationtothefestivalsite.Itrunsfrom10:00am,andthelastbusleavesforthefestivalsiteat5.10:30pm.

Lisa:HowabouttakingacoachtoCastleCary?It’llprobablytakelonger,butit’llbecheaper.Josh:That’strue.Letmecheck...Yes,it’slessthanhalftheprice—only￡30.OK,let’smeetatLondonVictoriaat5:00amnextSaturday.Thereisa6.coachleavingat5:30am.Lisa:That’sreallyearly,butnoproblem!ShouldIbringanumbrella?Andhowaboutbringingsomefoodwithus?Josh:Ithinka7.rainjacketwouldbebetter.Umbrellasblockotherpeople’sviewofthestage.Andthere’llbeplentyofplacestobuyfoodatthe8.festivalsite.I’msurewe’llhavelotsofchoices.

Lisa:Great!SeeyouonSaturday!Unit4StageandscreenPart3Developingideas必備知識·認知導學Ⅰ.重點詞塊—速記1.aromanticstory 一個浪漫的故事2.abriefreport 一個簡短的報告3.agreatextent 很大程度上4.asociallyawkwardgirl 一位社交緊張的女孩5.applaudme 為我鼓掌6.confidentandgrateful 自信和感激7.overcomethefear 克服恐懼8.attempttoescape 企圖逃離9.thenormallife 正常的生活Ⅱ.活用單詞—拓展1.extremeadj.極端的,極度的→extremelyadv.極度,極其2.absorbv.吸收,使全神貫注→absorbedadj.專心致志的3.documentn.文件v.記錄→documentaryn.紀錄片4.absoluteadj.絕對的→absolutelyadv.完全地,絕對地5.appealv.吸引;呼吁→appealingadj.有吸引力的,有趣的6.definiteadj.明確的→definitelyadv.確切地,肯定地7.rudeadj.粗魯的,無禮的→rudenessn.粗魯,無禮→rudelyadv.粗魯地,無禮地8.transportn.交通運輸系統,運輸方式→transportationn.運輸9.arrangev.安排,籌劃→arrangementn.安排,籌劃10.disappointv.使失望→disappointedadj.失望的,沮喪的→disappointmentn.失望→disappointingadj.令人失望的11.originn.起源→originaladj.原先的,最初的→originallyadv.原先,最初12.fictionn.小說,虛構的事→fictionaladj.虛構的,編造的,小說(中)的13.behavev.表現→behaviourn.行為,舉止14.responsibleadj.負責任的→responsibilityn.責任15.absentadj.缺少的,缺席的,心不在焉的→absencen.缺乏,沒有Ⅲ.核心短語—互譯1.puton表演(節目)

2.liveupto 符合(標準),不負(盛名)

3.tosomeextent 在某種程度上

4.inone’sownright 憑借自身,靠自己

5.ontopof 在……之上

6.begluedto 全神貫注于;粘到……上

7.stayup 熬夜8.base...on... 以……為基礎/依據9.resultin 導致10.awasteof 浪費11.with...inmind 把……放在心上Ⅳ.經典句式—悟通1.Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.(表語從句)

這背后的一個重要的原因是,一本書通常需要花幾天的時間來閱讀,而一部電影通常不會超過兩小時。2.Goodmoviesneedgoodstories.Ifso,whyhasoneoftheearliestandgreatestworksinWesternstorytelling,Homer’sTheOdyssey,neverhadanequallygreatmoviebasedonit?(If省略句)

好電影需要好故事。如果這樣的話,西方敘事史上最早、最偉大的作品之一,荷馬的《奧德賽》,為什么從來沒有一部同樣偉大的電影是根據它拍攝的呢?3.Perhaps,oneday,readersofF.ScottFitzgerald’smostadmiredworkwillfindthemselvesgluedtotheirscreensbyepisodesofTheGreatGatsby.(find+賓語+賓語補足語)

或許有一天,F·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德最受贊賞的作品的讀者們會發現他們自己正沉迷于《了不起的蓋茨比》的劇集。文本閱讀·語篇研析Task1宏觀建構·把握文脈Skimthetextandfillintheblanks.GoodBook,BadMovie?Task2微觀探究·細節理解Ⅰ.ReadPara.1carefullyanddothefollowingexercise.Whatdoesthesaying“apictureisworthathousandwords”mean?A.Thepictureisveryexpensive.B.Thereareathousandwordsinthepicture.C.Thepictureishardtodescribeinwords.D.Thepictureisrichincontents.答案:DⅡ.ReadPara.2carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1.What’sthefunctionofParagraph2?A.Toraisethereaders’culturalawareness.B.Toprovegoodmoviesneedgoodstories.C.Tofurtherconfirmthatgoodbooksalwaysendupbeingturnedintobadmovies.D.Toshowthatmoviesneedimpressiveimages.2.Whichofthefollowingmovieswasbestdescribedas“interesting”?A.TheOdyssey. B.TheGreatGatsby.C.AliceinWonderland. D.Troy.答案:1、2.CCⅢ.ReadParas.3—4carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Readingabookisawasteoftime.B.Someplotdetailsandcharactersoftheoriginalbooksaremissinginthemovie.C.Watchingamovieonlyneedslessthantwohours.D.HarryPotterisnotsuccessful.2.WhydomoviesalwaysdisappointusaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Theydon’tchooseagoodtheme.B.Theyareoftendifferentfromthoseinthebooks.C.Theyarebadlyperformed.D.Differentaudiencesdifferintheirimaginationandviews.答案:1、2.BDⅣ.ReadPara.5carefullyanddothefollowingexercise.Whatdoestheword“this”in“Withthisinmind”refertointhelastparagraph?A.DifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutHamlet.B.Booksandmovieshavedifferentrules.C.Weshouldevaluate(評價)amoviewisely.D.Goodmoviesconsistofgoodstories,strongcharactersandimpressiveimages.答案:BTask3閱讀升華·拓展思維1.Whatdoesthesaying“ThereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople’seyes”mean?Itmeansdifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.

2.Howshouldweevaluateamovieadaptedfromagreatbook?Enjoyamovieinitsownrightinsteadofjudgingitaccordingtotherulesofitsbookversion.

Task4語篇總結·主題深化Peoplesaythat“apictureisworthathousandwords”.However,alltoooften,greatwordsendup1.beingturned(turn)intocinematic“turkeys”.Oneofthekey2.reasons(reason)behindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovie3.typically(typical)lastsundertwohours.This4.means(mean)thatgreatbookscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.Thisissomething5.thateventhehighlysuccessfulHarryPottermoviescan’tescapefrom,withfansofthebooksdisappointednot6.tosee(see)someoftheirfavouritecharactersin7.themovieversions.

Booksandmoviesaretwodifferentformsofmediaandthereforehavedifferentrules.8.Withthisinmind,perhapsweshouldjudgeamovieinitsownright,andnotagainstits9.original(origin)source.Perhaps,oneday,readersofF.ScottFitzgerald’smostadmiredworkwillfindthemselves10.glued(glue)totheirscreensbyepisodesofTheGreatGatsby.Task5長句難句·釋疑解難1.Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthingsdon’tlookthewayweimaginedtheminthebooks.[句式分析]本句為復合句。when引導時間狀語從句;theway后面為省略了that或inwhich的定語從句。

[自主翻譯]電影呈現出的事物與我們讀書時的想象有落差時,我們也會倍感失望。2.Manypeoplethoughtshedidn’tliveuptoHelen’stitleof“themostbeautifulwomanintheworld”,influencingopinionsofthemovietosomeextent.[句式分析]本句為復合句。thought后面是省略了that的賓語從句;influencingopinionsofthemovie是動詞-ing形式作結果狀語;tosomeextent意為“在某種程度上”,在句中作狀語,相當于短語insomedegree。[自主翻譯]許多人認為她配不上海倫“世上最美的女人”這一稱號,這一定程度上影響到了人們對這部電影的評價。核心考點·探究內化1.gratefuladj.感謝的,感激的(應用文之求助信)Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldhelpmetakecareofmypetinmyabsence.如果我不在的時候你能幫我照顧我的寵物,我將非常感激。(應用文之感謝信)Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmygratitudeforyourtimelyhelp.我謹借此機會對您給予我的及時幫助表示萬分感謝。【圖解助記】活用·練透單句語法填空IthinkIamqualifiedtobeavolunteer.AndIwouldbegratefultobegiven(give)achancetotakepartinthestorytellingactivity.

美句·鍛造一句多譯/完成句子①(應用文之求助信)如果你能就如何交朋友給我一些建議,我將不勝感激。→Iwouldbegratefultoyouifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtomakefriends.(grateful)

→Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtomakefriends.(appreciate)

②我要對所有辛勤勞動的人表示感謝。Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetoeveryonefortheirhardwork.

2.absorbedadj.專心致志的(讀后續寫之動作描寫)Whenglancingaroundforthepolice,suddenly,hespottedtheblack-hairedgirl,seatedagainstafrontwindow,andabsorbedinabook.當他環顧四周尋找警察時,突然發現了那個黑頭發的女孩,她靠著前窗坐著,全神貫注地看書。Asweallknow,plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheair.眾所周知,植物從空氣中吸收二氧化碳。【精要必記】(1)absorbv.吸收(液體、氣體等);吸引全部注意力;使全神貫注;使并入,吞并absorbone’sattention吸引某人的注意absorboneselfin 全神貫注于absorb...from... 從……中吸收……beabsorbedby/into 被……吞并(吸收)(2)beabsorbedinsth./sb. 被……吸引住;專心致志于【知識延伸】表示“全神貫注于”的常見短語有:fixone’sattention/mindon全神貫注于concentrateon/upon 全神貫注于beabsorbedin 專心于buryoneselfin 專心致志于belostin 全神貫注于,沉浸于devoteoneselfto 獻身于;全身心地投入活用·練透單句語法填空Thiskindofcreamiseasilyabsorbedinto/byskin,whichmakesitsellverywell.美句·鍛造完成句子/句式升級①眾所周知,樹苗可以從周圍的土壤中吸收養分,這樣它們就能長得更好。Asweallknow,theseedlingscanabsorbnutrientsfromtheeartharoundthemsothattheycangrowbetter.②HewassoabsorbedinreadingthepoetryoftheTangDynastythatheforgottoinformmeofthemeeting.→SoabsorbedinreadingthepoetryoftheTangDynasty,heforgottoinformmeofthemeeting.

→AbsorbinghimselfinreadingthepoetryoftheTangDynasty,heforgottoinformmeofthemeeting.

【補償訓練】完成句子她全神貫注于這本書。Shewasabsorbedin/fixedherattentionon/concentratedon/buriedherselfin/waslostin/devotedherselftothebook.

3.escapev.(從危險或糟糕的處境中)逃離,逃避,擺脫(經典例句)Thepolicewereabsorbedinthecasetoarrestthecriminalescapingfromthespot.為了抓住那個從現場逃走的罪犯,警察正在專心致志地辦案。(應用文之通知)Iamwritingtotellyouthatourschoolwillholdafireescapedrillthisweekend.我寫信告訴你,我們學校本周末將舉行一次消防演習。Themanhadanarrowescapefrombeingdrownedtheotherday.那個人幾天前差點被淹死。【精要必記】(1)escape(doing)sth.逃避(做)某事escapefrom 從……中逃脫;逃走escapefromone’smind/memory忘記(2)haveanarrowescape 九死一生;死里逃生活用·練透單句語法填空/寫出黑體詞的漢語意思①Thatwasanarrowescapeallrightwhenourcarturnedover!②(讀后續寫之擬人修辭)I’vemetherbefore,buthernameescapedme,whichmademefeelveryembarrassed. 被遺忘美句·鍛造完成句子/一句多譯①令他們欣慰的是,他們的學生從搖晃的大樓中僥幸逃脫。Totheirrelief,theirstudentsnarrowlyescapedfromtheshakingbuilding.

②多么幸運!當那個男孩在公共汽車前面跑過馬路時,他真是死里逃生。→Howlucky!Theboyhadanarrowescapewhenheranacrosstheroadinfrontofthebus.(escapen.)

→Howlucky!Theboyescapednarrowlywhenheranacrosstheroadinfrontofthebus.(escapev.)

4.responsibilityn.責任(2023·全國甲卷)Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibilityforsavingtheirenvironment.她警告社會面臨的環境危險,并教導人們必須承擔起拯救環境的責任。(應用文之招聘書)PekingOperaClubislookingforsomenewmemberswhoshouldhaveastrongsenseofresponsibilityfirst!京劇俱樂部正在尋找一些新成員,他們首先要有強烈的責任感!【精要必記】(1)Itisaresponsibilitytodosth. 做某事是一種責任take/haveresponsibilityfor 對……有/負責任asenseofresponsibility 責任感shouldertheresponsibility 承擔責任(2)responsible adj.有責任的;應負責任的beresponsibleforsth. 對某事負責活用·練透單句語法填空(2021·全國甲卷)“IhavematuredandIadmitresponsibility(responsible)formyactions,”hesaidintheletter.美句·鍛造完成句子①(應用文之倡議書)呼吁人們保護我們的環境免受污染是我們的責任。Itisourresponsibilitytoappealtopeopletoprotectourenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.

②一個人只有承擔起責任,才能超越自己,成為他人的模范。Onlywhenyoutakeresponsibilitycanyougobeyondyourselfandbeamodelforothers.

③既然你已經長大了,你應該對自己所做的事情負責,并為同齡人樹立榜樣。Nowthatyouhavegrownup,youshouldberesponsibleforwhatyouaredoingandsetanexampletothepeers.

5.absencen.缺乏,沒有(教材原句)Courageisnottheabsenceoffear,butratherthejudgementthatsomethingelseismoreimportantthanfear.勇氣并不是沒有恐懼,而是判斷出某些事情比恐懼更為重要。(讀后續寫之情感描寫)Heburstintoangerwhenhisemployeedidn’tgivehimareasonableexplanationfortheabsence.當他的員工沒有給他一個合理的缺席解釋時,他勃然大怒。【精要必記】(1)absenceofmind心不在焉insb.’sabsence(=intheabsenceofsb.)當某人缺席/不在的時候intheabsenceof 缺少……時(2)absent adj.缺席的,不在的beabsentfrom 缺席,不在absent-minded adj.心不在焉的知識寬一度圖解記憶absent活用·練透單句語法填空①Hecouldnotaccountforhisabsence(absent)fromschool,sotheteacherwasangry.②Intheabsenceofteachers’instructions,Idon’tknowhowtocombinewhatI’velearntwithpractice.美句·鍛造完成句子/一句多譯①如果沒有這個物種,生態系統就會停止正常運轉,甚至可能崩潰。Intheabsenceofthisspecies,ecosystemsstopworkingwellandmayevencollapse.

②如果我不那么健忘的話,你們就不會那么麻煩,一次次回來。IfIhadn’tbeenthatabsent-minded,itwouldhavesavedyouthetroubleofgoingbackagainandagain.

③(應用文之道歉信)我寫這封信是為了向你道歉,因為沒有參加英語俱樂部的活動。→IamwritingtomakeanapologytoyouforbeingabsentfromtheactivityoftheEnglishclub.(absent)

→IamwritingtoapologizetoyouformyabsencefromtheactivityoftheEnglishclub.(absence)

6.with復合結構(教材原句)ThisissomethingthateventhehighlysuccessfulHarryPottermoviescan’tescapefrom,withfansofthebooksdisappointednottoseesomeoftheirfavouritecharactersinthemovieversions.這是連大獲成功的“哈利·波特”系列電影也無法避免的事情,有的書迷因為在電影中看不到自己最喜歡的一些角色而大失所望。句型解構(1)該句為復合句,含有that引導的定語從句,修飾先行詞something;with復合結構作原因狀語。with復合結構除了在句中作狀語外,還可作定語。(2)with復合結構為:知識深一度with復合結構中的賓語補足語和賓語之間若是邏輯上的主謂關系,則用v.-ing形式;若為動賓關系,則用v.-ed形式;若表示將來的動作,則用todo不定式。活用·練透單句語法填空①Withherfingerscut(cut),Joeburstintotearsandherlegstrembled.②Withnoonetoturn(turn)toforhelp,Tomfeltveryupset.

美句·鍛造完成句子/句式升級①湯姆害怕受到父親的懲罰,紅著臉保持沉默。Afraidtobepunishedbyhisfather,Tomkeptsilentwithhisfacered.

②Asscienceandtechnologydeveloprapidly,whocanpredictwhatinventionstherewillbeinthefuture?→Withscienceandtechnologydevelopingrapidly,whocanpredictwhatinventionstherewillbeinthefuture?(用with復合結構升級)

③Becausehisgifthadbeensenttothelonelyboy,hefeltthebloodwarmingeveryinchofhisbody.→Withhisgiftsenttothelonelyboy,hefeltthebloodwarmingeveryinchofhisbody.(用with復合結構升級)

【要點拾遺】1.appealingadj.有吸引力的;有趣的(應用文之邀請信)I’mwritingtoinviteyoutothemusicfestivalwhichconsistsofmanyappealingprograms.我寫信邀請你參加這個音樂節,這個音樂節有許多吸引人的節目。(應用文之演講稿)Wemakeanappealtothestudentstosetasideatleastanhoureverydaytotakeexerciseinordertoraiselearningefficiency.為了提高學習效率,我們呼吁學生們每天至少留出一個小時鍛煉。【精要必記】appeal v.有吸引力;呼吁;懇求;上訴n.吸引力;呼吁;懇求;上訴appealtosb.對某人有吸引力appealtosb.forsth. 向某人呼吁某事appealtosb.todosth. 呼吁/懇求某人做某事makeanappealtosb. 向某人呼吁活用·練透單句語法填空①HarryPotterstoriesaresoappealing(appeal)thattheyencouragechildrentoreadmore.②Sporthasbecomeanimportantformofentertainment,appealing(appeal)tobothmenandwomen.③Theyhaveappealedtotheinternationalcommunityforassistance,asmorestormsareexpectedtohitsoon.美句·鍛造一句多譯我呼吁同學們去參觀這個吸引人的藝術展,它展示了中國文化的多樣性和魅力。→Iappealtomyfellowstudentstopayavisittotheappealingartshow,whichshowsthediversityandcharmofChineseculture.(appealv.)

→Imakeanappealtomyfellowstudentstopayavisittotheappealingartshow,whichshowsthediversityandcharmofChineseculture.(appealn.)

2.disappointedadj.失望的,沮喪的(讀后續寫之心理描寫)Trappedinthedensemist,Icoulddonothingbutburstintotears,helplessanddisappointed.困在濃霧中,我什么也做不了,只能哭泣,無助又失落。Thenextday,wegotadisappointingmessagethatanotherbuyerhadofferedamuchhigherprice.第二天,我們得到一個令人失望的消息:另一個買家給出了一個更高的價格。【精要必記】(1)bedisappointedat/with/aboutsth.對某事感到失望bedisappointedthat... 對……感到失望bedisappointedtosee/hear/find... 看到/聽到/發現……感到失望(2)disappoint vt.使失望disappointing adj.令人失望的(3)disappointment n.[U]失望;[C]令人失望的人或事物toone’sdisappointment 令某人失望的是活用·練透單句語法填空①Onebyone,theapplicantslefttheinterviewer’sofficewithdisappointed(disappoint)looksontheirfaces.②Havingmadeahugeefforttoimpressthejudges,Iwasratherdisappointedtoknow(know)thatIdidn’twin.

美句·鍛造一句多譯讓我們失望的是,他對客人們很不禮貌。→Toourdisappointment,hebehavedverybadlytowardstheguests.(disappointment)

→Whatdisappointeduswasthathebehavedverybadlytowardstheguests.(what主語從句;disappoint)

→Weweredisappointedat/with/abouthisbadbehaviortowardstheguests.(disappointed)

3.originaladj.最初的,原始的,原先的(教材原句)Withthisinmind,perhapsweshouldjudgeamovieinitsownright,andnotagainstitsoriginalsource.知道了這一點,也許我們應該從電影本身去評價它,而不是將其與原始版本相比較。ItwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecityintheTangDynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.最初,它是被建了用來保護唐朝的城市的,現在已經被完全修復。【圖解助記】活用·練透單句語法填空①(2023·浙江1月高考)Theterm“hutong”,originally(original)meaning“waterwell”inMongolian,appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty.②Exposuretogoodoriginal(origin)EnglishnovelshelpedyoualotwithyourEnglish.美句·鍛造完成句子①(讀后續寫之心理描寫)他不知道自己在哪里,也無法回到原來的路徑上,隨著天黑下來,他心中涌起一陣恐懼。Hehadnoideawherehewas,andhecouldn’tgetbacktotheoriginaltrack,afloodoffearwellingupinhimwithitgettingdark.

②盡管他原本是為了學習而旅行,但旅行過程本身也是一種享受。Whilehehadoriginallytraveledinordertostudy,travelinghadbecomeapleasureitself.

4.behavev.表現(教材原句)She’staughthowtobehaveperfectly.她被教導如何舉止得體。Ithinkallofusshouldmindourbehaviorinpublicplaces.我認為我們都應該注意在公共場合的行為。【精要必記】(1)behavewell/badly 表現好/不好behaveoneself 守規矩,表現得體(2)well-behaved adj.表現好的badly-behaved adj.表現差的(3)behavio(u)r n.行為;舉止活用·練透單句語法填空①Antshavebeenastonishinglysuccessful,largelyduetotheirwonderfulsocialbehavior(behave).②Iaskthemtobehavethemselves(they)whetherI’mabsentornot.美句·鍛造完成句子讓他感到失望的是,在學習如何在新環境中表現良好時,他受到了文化沖擊。Whatmadehimfeeldisappointedwasthathesufferedfromcultureshockwhenlearninghowtobehavewellinnewsurroundings.

5.條件狀語從句的省略句(教材原句)Goodmoviesneedgoodstories.Ifso,whyhasoneoftheearliestandgreatestworksinWesternstorytelling,Homer’sTheOdyssey,neverhadanequallygreatmoviebasedonit?好電影需要好故事。如果這樣的話,西方敘事史上最早、最偉大的作品之一,荷馬的《奧德賽》,為什么從來沒有一部同樣偉大的電影是根據它拍攝的呢?句型解構句中Ifso意為“如果這樣的話”,so代替前面句子的肯定內容,構成省略條件句,常見的類似結構有:ifnot 如果不這樣的話ifnecessary 如果有必要的話ifpossible 如果可能的話ifany 如果有的話ifever 如果曾經有過的話知識寬一度在if,when,while,though,unless,asif等引導的狀語從句中,如果狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致或從句主語為it,且從句的謂語動詞部分含有be動詞,可將狀語從句的主語和be動詞省略。活用·練透單句語法填空①Whengetting(get)thenewjob,herealizeshowimportantthecareandloveofourcommunityistohim.②Ifelected(elect),Iwillmakeitmydutytoimprovethequalityofprograms.美句·鍛造完成句子/句式升級①如有必要,我們將組織一場活動來提高公眾保護自然資源的意識。Ifnecessary,wewillorganizeanactivitytoraisepublicawarenessofprotectingournaturalresources.

②(應用文之倡議書)總之,我們必須保護水資源并尋找重復利用水的方法。不然的話,最后一滴水將是我們的眼淚。Inaword,wemustpreservethewaterresourceaswellasfindwaystoreuseit.Ifnot,thelastdropofwaterwillbeourteardrop.

③Theteacherwalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasifhewaslookingforsomething.→Theteacherwalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasiflookingforsomething.(省略句)

詞匯對接高考1.(2024·浙江1月高考·語法填空)Butthatleavesthesolo(單獨)customersoutofpocketanddisappointed.翻譯:但是那就使得單獨的顧客們虧本并且感到失望。2.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·七選五)Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.翻譯:評估你的表現,如果需要,重新定義你的角色。3.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空)Thatday,Igotpassedbyabout100“local”bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn’tseemquiteasappealing.翻譯:那天,我從大約100名“當地”騎自行車的人身邊經過,他們已經習慣了這種道路。當我回到家,突然騎自行車似乎不那么吸引人了。4.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·閱讀理解C)Adultsareportrayed(描繪)aloneinmanysettingsan