輔音音標（I）

一、復習20個元音音標的發音：二、輔音音標：爆破音1．爆破音/p/和/b/。（1）發/p/音時，雙唇要緊閉，憋住氣，然后突然分開，使氣流沖出口腔，發出爆破的聲音。/p/為清輔音，要送氣（如果拿一張紙放在嘴邊，紙會顫動），聲帶不振動。①發/p/音的字母與字母組合：p：penlip

ship

peoplepp：applehappyappearpepper②讀短語和句子：a

pretty

present

a

piece

of

paper

the

People’s

Republic

ofChinaPractice

makes

perfect.I

put

thebookontheCD

player.Plenty

of

people

arecomingtothis

place.（2）發/b/音時，雙唇緊閉，憋住氣，然后突然分開，使氣流沖出口腔，發出爆破的聲音。/b/為濁輔音，發音時不送氣，但聲帶振動。①發/b/音的字母與字母組合：b：big

bus

boxcab

tablebb：rabbitrabblerubbercabbagestubborn②讀短語和句子：bank

book

baked

beef

black

and

blue

Beauty

and

Beast

The

rubber

ball

isonthe

table.Bring

back

your

beautiful

blue

bike.2．爆破音/t/和/d/。（1）發/t/音時，雙唇微開，舌尖緊貼上齒齦，形成阻礙，然后突然下降，氣流沖出口腔。/t/為清輔音，聲帶不振動。①發/t/音的字母與字母組合：t：tell

tall

timefat

sporttt：littleattackprettywrittenbottle②讀短語和句子：at

times

not

at

allwrite

a

letter

Tom

and

Ted

are

taller

thantheir

parents.Heis

too

youngto

tell

the

time.（2）發/d/音時，舌尖抵住上齒，堵住氣流，然后快速放下，發出爆破音。發音位置與/t/音相同，但/d/音為濁輔音，聲帶振動。①發/d/音的字母與字母組合：d：dad

dayred

card

dogdd：daddymiddleadd

muddysudden②讀短語和句子：a

cold

day

depend

on

somebody

a

different

idea

The

doctor

hasa

deaf

daughter.3．爆破音。（1）發/k/音時，舌后部向軟腭抬起，并緊貼軟腭，形成阻礙，然后快速放低舌位，產生爆破。/k/為清輔音，聲帶不振動。①發/k/音的字母與字母組合：k：key

kite

kindlakeseekc：carcomecry

canmusicck：kick

back

chick

truckduckcc：accountoccupyaccordingch：ache

chemistryChristmas②讀短語和句子：take

care

of

Kate

close

the

book

ask

questions

carefullyCare

killed

a

cat.The

cook

is

baking

a

cake.A

cat

can

look

atthe

king.（2）發音時，發音方式與/k/相同，舌后部隆起，緊貼軟腭，形成阻礙，然后離開，氣流沖出口腔。注意為濁輔音，發音時聲帶振動。①發音的字母與字母組合：g：gogame

gooddoggg：beggingegg

gigglebeggargu：guy

guess

guard

guestgue：dialogue

vague

league②讀短語和句子：as

good

as

gold

give

a

good

exampleA

good

beginning

makesa

good

ending.Give

the

big

dog

aboxof

big

bones.三、輔音音標：摩擦音1．唇齒摩擦音/f/和/v/。（1）發/f/時，下唇輕觸上齒，氣流由唇齒間的縫隙中通過，引起摩擦。為清輔音，聲帶不振動。①發/f/音的字母與字母組合：f：fatfacehalf

lifeph：photodolphinphone

phrasegh：enough

cough

rough

laughff：coffeestaff

sniff

cliff②讀短語和句子：beautiful

flowers

five

football

fans

Here’sa

photo

of

me

feeding

food

toan

elephant.（2）/v/的發音方式和/f/相同，將上齒固定地放在唇上，然后較用力，使氣流從上齒與下唇間的縫隙通過，發生摩擦成音。/v/為濁輔音，聲帶振動。①發/v/音的字母與字母組合：v：voteseven

veryve：fivedrive

move

cave②讀短語和句子：very

important

view

abridge

over

the

river

She’s

never

been

very

clever.Hehasa

very

high

fever.2．舌齒摩擦音/s/和/z/。（1）發/s/時，軟腭抬起，堵住氣流在鼻腔的通道。舌端靠近上齒齦，但不接觸。上下齒靠攏，但不咬住，氣流由舌端齒齦間送出，形成摩擦音。/s/為清輔音，聲帶不振動。①發/s/音的字母與字母組合：s：seven

six

sleepbusc：facepencilbicycleicesc：science

scenescent

scissorsss：miss

kiss

class

pass②讀短語和句子：some

smart

student

the

same

face

and

voice

My

sister

likes

all

sorts

of

stamps

and

some

seafood.Theseboys

miss

the

famous

sports

star.（2）/z/的發音部位與/s/相同，發音時舌端靠近齒齦，氣流從舌端齒齦間送出，形成摩擦音，并振動聲帶。①發/z/音的字母與字母組合：z：zoo

zerolazy

zips：usemusicbusyeraser②讀短語和句子：busy

workers

close

the

windows

Walls

have

ears.Susan

is

busy

inreading

magazines.3．舌齒摩擦音。（1）發時，舌尖輕輕接觸上齒背，氣流由舌齒之間的縫隙泄出，摩擦成音，為清輔音，聲帶不振動。①發音的字母與字母組合：th：thank

think

threemath②讀短語和句子：healthy

tooth

a

thin

thinker

three

birthday

presentsA

tooth

fora

tooth.Something

isbetterthan

nothing.Please

think

aboutyour

teeth

whenyouseeyour

birthday

cake.（2）的發音方法和相同，舌尖放在上下齒之間，但不要碰到牙齒和嘴唇，氣流從牙齒和舌之間的縫隙泄出，摩擦發音，聲帶振動。①發音的字母與字母組合：th：theywith

therefather②讀短語和句子：father

and

mother

these

things

and

those

things

While

there

islife,

there

ishope.His

other

brother

istalking

with

his

mother.Either

ofthem

is

healthy.4．舌端齒齦后部摩擦音。（1）發時，舌端靠近齒齦后部，舌身抬起靠近軟腭，雙唇收圓突出，氣流通過時形成摩擦音，聲帶不振動。①發音的字母與字母組合：s：sure

sugarss：Russiapressuresh：ship

short

showfishch：chefmachine②讀短語和句子：shaking

shoulders

short

of

cash

share

the

sunshine

She

sellssea

shells

onthe

seashore.Shall

I

show

youthe

shop

for

shoes

and

shirts？（2）的發音部位與相同，氣流由舌端與上齒齦較后部分溢出，引起摩擦。為濁輔音，聲帶振動。①發音的字母與字母組合：s：usualmeasurerevisionvisionge：garage

massage

rouge

prestige②讀短語和句子：usual

measure

Eatat

pleasure,drinkwith

measure.It’smy

pleasure

to

measure

thetable.Measure

for

measure.5．摩擦音/h/和/r/。（1）/h/為聲門摩擦音，發音時氣流不受阻礙，輕松從兩條聲帶間的縫隙（即聲門）通過，形成輕微摩擦，聲帶不振動。①發/h/音的字母與字母組合：h：hero

hello

hole

hearwh：who

whose

wholewhom②讀短語和句子：half-hearted

hand

in

hand

hope

for

help

Her

hope

isto

have

a

house.It’svery

hard

touse

his

hammer

to

hit

the

ham.Her

new

home

isona

high

hill.Her

husband

has

a

huge

house.（2）/r/為舌尖齒齦摩擦音，發音時舌尖卷起，舌兩側稍收攏。雙唇突出，氣流由舌面上方流出，通過舌尖和齒齦形成輕微摩擦，聲帶振動。①發/r/音的字母與字母組合：r：ricerose

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