2022屆江蘇省蘇州市昆山市高二下學(xué)期第一次月考英語(yǔ)試卷第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearefourbeachdestinationsforyoutotakeauniquevacationinthesunshine.Zanzibar,TanzaniaWhetheryou’rediningatrestaurantsdirectlyonthesandorlisteningtolivemusic,theislandsofZanzibararerichwithculture.TheStoneTownfeaturesnarrowstonestreetsmeantforbicycles.It’sagreatplacetobuyproduceandcreativegoodswhiletakingintheArabianarchitecture.Youcansailintothesunonwoodenboats,doyogaonthewhitesandorgodiving.Sardinia,ItalySardiniaiswellknownforitsnaturalsettings—mainlythebeachesandthevolcanicMonteUrtigu.Withboattours,hiddenbeachesandvalleyadventuresfeaturingflowingwaterfalls,wateractivitiesareeverywhere.Buttheislandhasplentyofotherexperiencesaswell.Gowinetasting,learntobakebreadortakeahistoricaltouroflocalarchaeological(考古)sites.Bodrum,TurkeyForatrulyuniquebeachexperience,visitBodruminTurkey.Theancientcityishometohistoricbaths,hotsprings,ancientruinsandunderwaterarcheologymuseums.Thisareaisalsoidealforraftingtrips,seafishingandmore.Thereisalsoalotofwildlifelivingontheislandandinitssurroundingwaters.Tenerife,SpainTenerifeisbigonwatersportsandadventures,offeringthingslikejetskiing,sailinganddivingwithdolphins.ThisareaishometovariousmuseumsliketheMuseoMunicipalandthelocalmuseumofnaturalhistory.Don’tforgettovisitthelocaltemples,ruinsandgardens.21.WhatmakesZanzibarspecial?A.Itshotsprings. B.Itsstonestreets.C.Itshistoricalruins. D.Itsopen-airconcerts.22.WhatcanatouristdoinBodrum?A.Visitthevolcano. B.Exploreunderwatermuseums. C.Enjoythelocalwine. D.Experiencevalleyadventures. 23.Ifyouenjoydivingwithseaanimals,whichisthebestchoice?A.Zanzibar. B.Sardinia. C.Bodrum. D.Tenerife.BChristmaswouldn'tbeChristmaswithoutmountainsofwrappingpapercoveringtheflooron25December.Orwouldit?Ariseininterestincrafting(手工藝),coupledwithagreaterawarenessoftheenvironmentunderlockdown,hasledtoanincreaseininterestinfuroshiki—theJapaneseartoffabricwrapping—thisyear.FuroshikiaretraditionalJapaneseclothsusedtotransportfood,clothesorgifts.Theyareincreasinglybeingacceptedbyshoppersasanalternativetopaper.Theclothsareeasytouse:giftsareplacedinthecentreofthefabric,whichisthentucked(卷起)aroundtheobjectandfastenedwithaknot(結(jié)).Becausefabricissomuchmoremalleable(可塑的)thanwrappingpaper,itcanbeusedtomakeeventhemostawkwardshapedgiftslookprofessionallywrapped.TheCovid19pandemic(大流行病)hasbroughttheenvironmentintoanewfocusforpeople,causingpeoplealltomakemoreenvironmentallyconsciousdecisionsaroundwhatwebuy.Partoftheappealoffabricwrappingisthatitisapresentinitself.Thereceivercannotonlyenjoyabeautifullywrappedgiftbutcanthenreusetheclothtogiveagiftoftheirown.Somecustomersusetheirclothwithinfamilyorfriendshipcircles,sothatiteventuallymakesitswaybacktothem.There'sacertainmagicandtraditioninpassingitfrompersontoperson.Thenthere'stherisinginterestincraft.Fabricwrappingisoftenhandmade.Comparedtostandardwrappingpaper,fabricwrappingoffersmorechancestoexperimentwithdifferentfoldingtechniquesandthewayitlendsitselftobotanicaldecoration.Thereisahugeappetiteforpeoplewantingtolearnnewcraftskillsandperhapscreatetheirowngiftsforfriendsandfamily.ThepracticeofusingfuroshikibecamewidespreadduringJapan'sEdoperiod(1603－1868),whenpeoplebundled(捆)theirclothesinfabricwhilevisitingpublicbaths.ThecustomwasgenerallythepreserveofolderpeopleinJapan,butyoungergenerationsaregettingonboardasaresultofthepandemic.Theyhavestartedtoreconsidertheirwaysoflife.24.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribefuroshiki?A.Sustainable.B.Wasteful.C.Complextoknot.D.Awkwardtocarry.25.Whatistheadvantageoffuroshikioverstandardwrappingpaper?A.Ithaslesshumantouch.B.Itimprovesgardeningskills.C.Itstimulatesappetiteforfood.D.Itoffersmorespaceforcreativity.26.Whydoesfuroshikibegintobeacceptedbyyoungerpeople?A.Ithasalongfamilytradition.B.Pandemicpromotesgreenrethink.C.Publicbathsaregainingpopularity.D.It'stheirturntopreservethecustom.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thehistoryoffuroshiki.B.Thebenefitsoffuroshiki.C.Waystowrapagiftwithfuroshiki.D.Reasonsforagrowinginterestinfuroshiki.CWhilepsychologistshavestudiedtopicslikehappiness,optimism,andotherhumanstrengthsfordecades,positivepsychologywasn'tofficiallyidentifiedasabranchofpsychologyuntil1998whenMartinSeligmanwaselectedpresidentoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA).Seligmansuggestedthatpsychologyhadbecometoofocusedonmentalillness.Whilethishadbroughtaboutvaluabletreatmentsthatenabledpsychologiststotreatanumberofdiseasesanddisordersthatmadepeoplelessunhappy.Itmeantthatpsychologywasneglectingwhatwasgoodaboutlife—andwhattheaveragepersoncouldimprove.Seligmancalledforresearchintowhatmakesnormalpeople'slivespositiveandfulfilling.andsuggestedthatthefieldshoulddevelopinterventions（干預(yù)）thatcouldmakepeoplehappier.Hestatedthatpsychologyshouldbejustasconcernedwithnurturing(滋養(yǎng))thegoodthingsinlifeasitwaswithhealingthebad.SeligmanmadepositivepsychologythethemeofhistermasAPApresidentandusedhisroletopopularizetheword.Fromtherethefieldtookoff.Itreceivedagreatdealofattentionfrommainstreammediaoutlets.Meanwhile.ThefirstPositivePsychologysummitwasheldin1999.followedbythefirstInternationalconferenceonPositivePsychologyin2002.Interestinpositivepsychologyhasremainedhigheversince.In2018,aquarteroftheundergraduatestudentsatbaleUniversityenrolledinacoursedevotedtothesubjectofhappiness.In2019.1,600individualsattendedtheWorldCongressofPositivePsychologyandresearchinthefieldhasgeneratedtensofthousandsofacademicpapers.PsychologistChristopherPetersonpointedoutthatpositivepsychologyismeanttoserveasanextensionoftheareasofpsychologythatfocusonmentalillnessandhumanweakness.Positivepsychologistsdon'twishtoreplaceorabandonthestudyofhumanproblems,theysimplywishtoaddthestudyofwhat'sgoodinlifetothefield.28.WhatshouldpositivepsychologyfocusonaccordingtoSeligman?A.Solvinghumanproblems.B.Treatingbademotions.C.Healingmentalillnesses.D.Helpingdevelopgoodthings.29.Whatmadepositivepsychologybecomepopular?A.Seligman'seffortinspreadingit.B.Internationalconferences'beingheld.C.Attentionfromthemedia.D.Furtherresearchinthisfield.30.WhatisChristopherPeterson'sattitudetowardpositivepsychology?A.Ambiguous.B.DoubtfulC.Objective.D.Critical.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLimitationofPositivePsychologyB.Seligman,FatherofPositivePsychologyC.Psychology:Past,PresentandPossibleFutureD.PositivePsychology:ANewSubfieldofPsychologyDDozensofhoneybees,whichusuallyfeedonwildflowersafterleavingtheirhives(蜂房)inthecampusgardens,weretrickedintothecottagetofeedfromanartificialflower.Onlyonebeewasallowedinatatime,andtheirvisitstoartificialflowerswerevideoedandtimedunderdifferentfanspeeds,whichmimicked(模擬)calmandwindydays.Buttheresearchersaretryingtohelpthem:itisacontrolledexperimentthatrevealshowhighwindspeedssignificantlyreducetheefficiencyoftheirfeeding.Withnowind,thebeesonaveragetooknectar(花蜜)from5.45flowersduringtheir90secondtimetrial.Whenwindspeedswereincreased,thisfelltoanaverageof3.73flowers.Researchersalsoexaminedtheindirectimpactofhigherwindsbymovingtheflowers.Thefindingsrevealthat,whileflowermovementdidnotappeartohaveaneffectonthebees,themovementofairfromthefansmadethemmuchmorehesitanttotakeofffromaflower,withtimetakenrangingfromaninitial0.05secondsto54seconds.GeorgiaHennessy,leadauthoroftheresearch,saidthatonepossiblereasonforthewindcausinghesitancywasthatsmallincreasesinwindspeedreducedthebees'bodytemperature,sotheyrequirelongertowarmuptheflightmusclesrequiredtotakeoff.“Withwindspeedspredictedtoincreaseintheyearsahead,understandinghowwecanhelpbeesinachangingclimateisbecomingevermorepressing.Althoughwecan'tdomuchtocontrolorstopthewind,wecantakestepstoreduceitsimpactonbees,suchasplacinghivesinshelteredlocations，”saidHennessy.TheUN'sFoodandAgricultureOrganizationwarnedlastyearthatthedeclineinglobalbeepopulationswasa“threattoglobalfoodsecurityanddiversity”．DaveGoulson,professorofbiologyattheUniversityofSussex,said,“Beesalreadyfacemanypressuresinthemodernworld,suchaslossofhabitatsandexposuretopesticides(殺蟲(chóng)劑),andagreatmanyareindecline.Copingwithincreasinglywindyweatherunderclimatechangemaybethefinalstraw.”32.Whattaskdidtheresearcherssetforthebees?A.Identifyingthenewroute.B.Survivinginextremeconditions.C.Feedingunderdifferentwindspeeds.D.Distinguishingvariouskindsofflowers.33.Whatprobablymakesabeehesitanttotakeofffromaflower?A.Afullstomach.B.Lossofbalance.C.Changedflowerpositions.D.Reducedbodytemperature.34.Whatcanwedotoreducetheimpactofhighwindsonbees?A.Stopthewind.B.Restoretheirhabitats.C.Addressclimatechange.D.Prohibittheuseofpesticides.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LossofbeescausesfailureoffoodcropsB.BeesareonthedeclineasglobalheatingworsensC.BeesmaystruggleinwindscausedbyglobalwarmingD.Artificialflowersareusedforthreatenedbeepopulations第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Childrenarenaturallycuriousbeings.36Teachersandparentsoftenfindthemselvesmakinguseofrewardsintheformofstars,promisesofhighgradesandwonderfulcareers,orthreatsofpunishment.Butwhatifrewardsandthreatsaren’ttheanswer?Naturalcuriosityissometimesreferredtoas“innermotivation”.37Andit’seasytounderstandwhy—it’shardtostudysomethingwearen’tactivelyengagedwith,andifwe’repassionateabouttheinformationwe’redigesting,itfeelsmorefulfilling.Externalmotivation,thingslikerewardsandpunishment,doeshaveitsusestoo.Praiseandstimulationbasedonachievinggoodgradesorfearofpunishmenthasbeenacknowledgedtomotivateolderstudents.38So,ifit’sthecasethatnaturalcuriosityismotivationforbetterlearning,howcanwestimulatethatinterest?39Letchildrenseetheirlearningastheirownthingandgivethemabitmorechoiceofwhatandhowtheylearn.Forexample,ifyouwanttoteachchildrentoread,letthemchoosewhichbooktheyuse.Whetherit’sagraphic(連環(huán)畫(huà))novel,TVguideorclassicliterature,theaimofstimulatingtheirappetiteforreadingisachieved.Likewise,buildarelationshipwithchildrenaslearnersandlistentotheirnegativefeelings.Iftheyareunwillingtogetinvolvedinanactivity,don’trushtousethreatsorrewards.Trytofindoutwhy.Perhapsit’ssimplybecausetheyfeeltheactivityboring.40Allinall,theanswertomotivatingchildren,especiallytheyoungones,comesfrominspiringtheirinnermotivation.Oncetheirinnermotivationisgenerated,thechildrenwillbefiredup.A.Thekeyistoallowsomedegreeoffreedom.B.Childrenwhoseelearningasfunarebetteratit.C.Itdoesn’thaveasmucheffectatanearlyage,though.D.Thenexplainitsvalue,evenifitdoesn’tseemappealing.E.It’sunapparentwhethertheylackinnerorexternalmotivation.F.Eventopstudentshavedayswhentheyaren’tmotivatedforlearning.G.Butgettingthemtostudywhattheyaren’tinterestedincanbeatrickytask.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分35分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。“Iamleavinghome.”WhenTimmy,my10-year-oldsoneagerlyannouncedthathecouldn'twaitto41,thefeelingofguiltpeakedasItriedtofigureoutthe42“So,Icangetadog.”hestressed.ButIstayed43wedidn'tneedadogtocompleteourlife—andhegaveup.UntilthedayIoverheardTimmy,withhisbrother,discussinghismovingplan.Suddenly,thesituation44gainadogor45achild?Ifeltmyresolve46“Wecanlookintoit,”Ireplieddoubtfully,butthekindwewantedcostaridiculous$1000!Yes,lovehadaprice.I47forthoughtagain.Isharedmy48withmyfriendwhoselovefordogswasquitesensible.Heconnectedmetohispetkeeperfriendwhogotapregnantdogandthebabydogswereduesoon.Afewdayslater,wetookasurprisetriptothecountrysidewhenthelittledogswereborn.Iwouldadmitthatallmyprevious49reappearedafterwatchingagroupofblindthings,butitwastoolate.Amongscreamsof50wechoseoneofthelittledogsasours.Weattemptto51ourkidsinahealthyway—Ididn'trealizetheaddeddimensionofloveand52thatadogwouldteachmykids.Onahotday,TimmycutshorthisoutingtocheckifOdie,thedog,hadenoughwater.WhenOdiewassick,myeldersonmadefreshsoupand53fedittohim.Mychildrennolongertalkaboutleavinghome54thereisthetroublesomeissueofwhowilltakethedog.Theyquietlylearnhowtogiveandreceivelove.Ifhavingadogmeanslinkingmychildrenevenclosertogether,itwillbeamother'sprayer5541.A.getoffB.giveupC.moveoutD.stepforward42.A.reasonB.problemC.situationD.fact43.A.confusedB.scaredC.stressedD.determined44.A.shiftedB.matteredC.endedD.arose45.A.stopB.loseC.teachD.punish46.A.strengtheningB.occurringC.weakeningD.disappearing47.A.promisedB.agreedC.refusedD.paused48.A.dilemmaB.opinionC.experienceD.trouble49.A.excitementB.embarrassmentC.surpriseD.doubt50.A.delightB.reliefC.terrorD.shock51.A.treatB.parentC.praiseD.stop52.A.abilityB.responsibilityC.wisdomD.truth53.A.quicklyB.regularlyC.patientlyD.directly54.A.unlessB.because C.butD.though55.A.answeredB.saidC.deniedD.offered第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Litteriseverywhere,doinggreatharm____56____theenvironmentandlifeonourplanet.JeffKirschner,whowantstobuildalitter-freeworld,startedaglobalcommunitynamedLitterati____57____(settle)thisproblem.Thestorybeganwithhis6-year-olddaughter.Onedaytheyweregoingonahikewhenthegirlnoticedabrokenplastictub(浴盆)inariver.Shesaid,“Daddy,thatdoesn'tgothere.”ThattookKirschnerbysurprise.He,likemanyadults,hadbecomesousedtoseeingtherubbish____58____(throw)aroundthemthathehadn'tgivenitasecondlook.____59____hisdaughtersaidremindedhimoftheseriousproblemourplanetfaces.Jeffstartedtotake____60____(act).HecreatedLitterati,anappthatmakesitfuntopickuplitter.Theideais____61____(fair)simple:Spotapieceoftrash,takeaphoto,postthephotoonlineandthenputthelitterintodustbins.____62____(see)thatJeffwaskeepingarecordofthepositiveimpacthewashavingontheplanet,peopleworldwidestartedparticipating.Uptonow,over2,500,000photos____63____(post)by3,500peoplefromover40countrieshavefoundtheirwaytoLitterati'sdigitallandfill.Litteratiismorethananapp.Itishighly____64____(effect)solutiontoapressingissue.Whereveryoulive,whateveryoudoand___65____youare,joinLitteratitomaketheworldacleanerandhealthierplacetolivein.第三節(jié)單詞拼寫(xiě)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）Ihadb________startedspeakingwhenheinterruptedme.Shewasfound__________(無(wú)罪的)ofanycrime.Therearethreefundamental___________(法則)ofteamwork.She___________(屈服于)herselftoherfate.Educationshouldbeauniversalrightandnotap_________.Weneedbothpositiveandnegativef__________fromourcustomers.Sheisvery___________(博學(xué)的)aboutplants.Theylookp___________thesametome.He__________(提及)hisheavyworkloadasthereasonforhisbreakdown.Shes__________overontheiceandbrokeherleg.第四部分作文（共2小題；每小題15分，滿(mǎn)分35分）第一節(jié)(滿(mǎn)分15分)假定你是李華,為豐富校園文化生活,激勵(lì)同學(xué)們?yōu)樽分饓?mèng)想而努力.上周日你校舉辦了“我們都是追夢(mèng)人”征文比賽.請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道,內(nèi)容包括:1.活動(dòng)目的；2.活動(dòng)具體情況;3.活動(dòng)反響,注意1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.參考詞匯：追夢(mèng)人dreamchaser;3.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-第二節(jié)(滿(mǎn)分20分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Oneafternoonafterschool,Maryandherbrother,Keith,wereeatingatacafeneartheirhome.Thatafternoon,theyhadtosharetheirtablewithanotherperson.Thatpersonwasayoungladyinhertwenties.Aftereating,shewenttotherestroom.Withoutrealizing,shehadleftherhandphoneonthetable.Fiveminuteslater,shecameoutandwalkedoutofthecafewithoutlookingback.Marysawthehandphoneonthetable.ShequicklytoldKeith,“Keith,thegirlleftbehindherhandphone.”Keithlookedatthehandphone.Ittookhisbreathaway.Itwasoneofthelatestmodelsonthemarket.Keithhadalwayswantedahandphone.Buthisparentshadtoldhim,“Youdon'tneedone.Youcanalwaysusethehousephone.”Hestaredatitforsomeminutes.Thenhesaidslowly,pausingoneveryword,“Iwanttotakethehandphone.”Marycouldnotbelieveherears.Shemerelystaredatherbrother.“Youcan't!Whatiftheownercomestolookforit？”Havingmadethedecision，Keithquicklygrabbedthehandphoneandputitinhisschoolbag.Then,hetookMary'shandandledheroutofthecafequickly.Oncebackhome,Keithlockedhishousedoorwithtremblinghands.Insidehisroom,hetookoutthepieceofbeauty.Oh,helikeditsomuch.Nowhehadhisownhandphone.Soon,hewaspolishingithappily.ButMarytoldhim,“Keith,youcannotkeepthehandphone.WhatwillyoutellFatheraboutthis?Hewillaskyouhowyougotthehandphone.”Keithsaidquickly,“Iwillsayafriendlentittome.”Marysaid,“Nowyouarelyingtoo.”O(jiān)hdear!WhenhadKeithturnedsodishonest?ThenMarysawahousephonenumberontheplasticcoverofthehandphone.“Thisisthegirl'sphonenumber.Whydon'twejustcallthisnumber?Wewilltalktoherandaskhertocomeandtakebackherhandphone.”Shewastryingtotalksomesenseintohim.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。Thatnight,Keithturnedoverinbedfromtimetotime.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Marywasveryhappytohearthat.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2021-2021第二學(xué)期高二年級(jí)第一次模塊測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）1-20略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）21-23BBD24-27ADBD28-31DACD32-35CDCC第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）36-40GBCAD【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了如何讓孩子對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)感興趣的方法。36．根據(jù)上文“Childrenarenaturallycuriousbeings.(孩子們天生好奇)”以及后文“Teachersandparentsoftenfindthemselvesmakinguseofrewardsintheformofstars,promisesofhighgradesandwonderfulcareers,orthreatsofpunishment.Butwhatifrewardsandthreatsaren’ttheanswer?(老師和家長(zhǎng)經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己利用星星、高分和美好事業(yè)的承諾或懲罰的威脅等形式的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。但如果獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和威脅不是解決辦法呢？)”可知，后文提到老師和家長(zhǎng)需要依靠一些獎(jiǎng)懲手段來(lái)讓孩子學(xué)習(xí)，說(shuō)明本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出讓孩子學(xué)習(xí)不敢興趣的東西很困難，G選項(xiàng)中them指代上文Children。故G選項(xiàng)“但是讓他們學(xué)習(xí)他們不感興趣的東西可能是一項(xiàng)棘手的任務(wù)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。37．根據(jù)上文“Naturalcuriosityissometimesreferredtoas“innermotivation”.(天生的好奇心有時(shí)被稱(chēng)為“內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)”)”以及后文“Andit’seasytounderstandwhyit’shardtostudysomethingwearen’tactivelyengagedwith,andifwe’repassionateabouttheinformationwe’redigesting,itfeelsmorefulfilling.(我們很容易理解為什么學(xué)習(xí)一些我們沒(méi)有積極參與的東西是很難的，如果我們對(duì)我們正在消化的信息充滿(mǎn)熱情，就會(huì)感到更有成就感)”可知，后文解釋了為什么學(xué)習(xí)一些我們沒(méi)有積極參與的東西是很難的，可見(jiàn)讓孩子主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)需要激起孩子學(xué)習(xí)的樂(lè)趣，故B選項(xiàng)“把學(xué)習(xí)視為樂(lè)趣的孩子更擅長(zhǎng)學(xué)習(xí)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。38．根據(jù)上文“Externalmotivation,thingslikerewardsandpunishment,doeshaveitsusestoo.Praiseandstimulationbasedonachievinggoodgradesorfearofpunishmenthasbeenacknowledgedtomotivateolderstudents.(外部動(dòng)機(jī)，比如獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和懲罰，也有它的用處。在取得好成績(jī)或害怕受到懲罰的基礎(chǔ)上給予表?yè)P(yáng)和激勵(lì)，已經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是對(duì)年長(zhǎng)學(xué)生的激勵(lì))”以及后文“So,ifit’sthecasethatnaturalcuriosityismotivationforbetterlearning,howcanwestimulatethatinterest?(所以，如果天生的好奇心是更好學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力，我們?cè)撊绾渭ぐl(fā)這種興趣呢？)”可知，后文提到了給予懲罰和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)可以激勵(lì)年長(zhǎng)學(xué)生，可知本句旨在說(shuō)明懲罰和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)在孩子早期時(shí)的作用，故C選項(xiàng)“盡管它在早期沒(méi)有那么大的影響”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。39．根據(jù)后文“Letchildrenseetheirlearningastheirownthingandgivethemabitmorechoiceofwhatandhowtheylearn.Forexample,ifyouwanttoteachchildrentoread,letthemchoosewhichbooktheyuse.Whetherit’sagraphicnovel,TVguideorclassicliterature,theaimofstimulatingtheirappetiteforreadingisachieved.(讓孩子把學(xué)習(xí)看作是他們自己的事情，在學(xué)習(xí)什么和如何學(xué)習(xí)方面給他們更多一點(diǎn)的選擇。例如，如果你想教孩子們閱讀，讓他們選擇他們使用的書(shū)。無(wú)論是漫畫(huà)小說(shuō)、電視指南還是經(jīng)典文學(xué)，激發(fā)他們閱讀欲望的目的已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了)”可知，本段的主旨是給予孩子更多一點(diǎn)的選擇，即“允許一定程度的自由”。故A選項(xiàng)“關(guān)鍵是允許一定程度的自由”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。40．根據(jù)上文“Likewise,buildarelationshipwithchildrenaslearnersandlistentotheirnegativefeelings.Iftheyareunwillingtogetinvolvedinanactivity,don’trushtousethreatsorrewards.Trytofindoutwhy.Perhapsit’ssimplybecausetheyfeeltheactivityboring.(同樣地，與作為學(xué)習(xí)者的孩子建立一種關(guān)系，傾聽(tīng)他們的消極感受。如果他們不愿意參與一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，不要急于使用威脅或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。試著找出原因。也許只是因?yàn)樗麄冇X(jué)得這個(gè)活動(dòng)很無(wú)聊)”可知，本句承接上文，說(shuō)明找出原因的過(guò)程，D選項(xiàng)中it指代上文theactivity。故D選項(xiàng)“然后解釋它的價(jià)值，即使它看起來(lái)不吸引人”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分35分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）41-45CADAB46-50CDADA51-55BBCBA【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。作者的兒子Timmy為了養(yǎng)狗不惜計(jì)劃離家，最終作者只能妥協(xié)。后來(lái)作者發(fā)現(xiàn)通過(guò)養(yǎng)狗，孩子們學(xué)到了更多關(guān)于愛(ài)和責(zé)任，作者感悟自己的祈禱得到了回應(yīng)。41．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)我10歲的兒子Timmy急切地宣布他迫不及待地想搬出去，當(dāng)我試圖找出原因時(shí)，內(nèi)疚感達(dá)到了頂峰。A.getoff下車(chē)；B.giveup放棄；C.moveout搬出；D.stepforward向前走，邁步。根據(jù)上文“Iamleavinghome.”可知，作者的兒子宣布搬出去。故選C。42．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我10歲的兒子Timmy急切地宣布他迫不及待地想搬出去時(shí)，當(dāng)我試圖找出原因時(shí)，內(nèi)疚感達(dá)到了頂峰。A.reason原因；B.problem問(wèn)題；C.situation情況；D.fact事實(shí)。根據(jù)下文““So,Icangetadog.”hestressed.”推知，作者詢(xún)問(wèn)了兒子想搬出去的原因。故選A。43．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我下定決心，我們不需要狗來(lái)讓我們的生活完整，于是他放棄了。A.confused困惑的；B.scared害怕的；C.stressed有壓力的；D.determined有決心的。根據(jù)下文“andhegaveup”推知，由于作者的堅(jiān)持和決心，之前兒子放棄了在家養(yǎng)狗。且下文的“Ifeltmyresolve”也是提示。故選D。44．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然之間，情況發(fā)生了變化：是養(yǎng)一條狗，還是失去一個(gè)孩子？A.shifted改變；B.mattered要緊，重要；C.ended結(jié)束；D.arose出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“Iamleavinghome.”可知，兒子為了養(yǎng)狗寧愿離開(kāi)家，由此可知，情況發(fā)生了變化。故選A。45．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然之間，情況發(fā)生了變化：是養(yǎng)一條狗，還是失去一個(gè)孩子？A.stop停止；B.lose失去；C.teach教授；D.punish懲罰。根據(jù)上文“Iamleavinghome.”可知，如果Timmy搬出去了，那么作者就“失去”了一個(gè)孩子。故選B。46．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺(jué)得我的決心正在減弱。A.strengthening加強(qiáng)；B.occurring發(fā)生；C.weakening減弱；D.disappearing消失。根據(jù)下文“Wecanlookintoit”推知，作者已經(jīng)不像以前那么堅(jiān)定了，即決心減弱。故選C。47．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我停頓了一下，再想一想。A.promised承諾；B.agreed同意；C.refused拒絕；D.paused暫停。根據(jù)上文“butthekindwewantedcostaridiculous$1000!”可知，狗太貴，作者停下來(lái)思考到底養(yǎng)不養(yǎng)狗。故選D。48．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和我的朋友分享了我的困境，他對(duì)狗的愛(ài)是相當(dāng)明智的。A.dilemma困境；B.opinion觀點(diǎn)；C.experience經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.trouble麻煩。結(jié)合上文可知，作者不準(zhǔn)在家里養(yǎng)狗而Timmy即使搬出去也要養(yǎng)狗這件事是作者面臨的困境。故選A。49．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我承認(rèn)，在看了一群看不見(jiàn)東西的小狗之后，我之前所有的懷疑都重現(xiàn)了，但為時(shí)已晚。A.excitement興奮；B.embarrassment尷尬；C.surprise驚訝；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)“butitwastoolate”推知，在挑選小狗之際作者的懷疑又涌上心頭。故選D。50．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在歡呼聲中，我們選擇了一只小狗。A.delight高興；B.relief寬慰，減輕；C.terror恐怖，恐懼；D.shock震驚。根據(jù)上文Timmy為了養(yǎng)小狗準(zhǔn)備搬出去可知，他很喜歡小狗，所以在選自己的小狗時(shí)非常開(kāi)心。故選A。51．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)噲D以健康的方式養(yǎng)育孩子——我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到狗會(huì)教會(huì)我的孩子更多的愛(ài)和責(zé)任。A.treat招待，對(duì)待；B.parent為人父母，養(yǎng)育；C.praise表?yè)P(yáng)；D.stop停止。根據(jù)“inahealthyway”可知，此處是指用健康的方式養(yǎng)育孩子。故選B。52．考查名詞詞義辨析。我們?cè)噲D以健康的方式養(yǎng)育孩子——我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到狗會(huì)教會(huì)我的孩子更多的愛(ài)和責(zé)任。A.ability能力；B.responsibility責(zé)任；C.wisdom智慧；D.truth真相。根據(jù)下文“Onahotday,TimmycutshorthisoutingtocheckifOdie,thedog,hadenoughwater.”可知，Timmy通過(guò)養(yǎng)狗學(xué)到了更多關(guān)于愛(ài)和責(zé)任。故選B。53．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Odie生病時(shí)，我的大兒子煮了新鮮的湯，耐心地喂它。A.quickly快速地；B.regularly有規(guī)律地，常常；C.patiently耐心地；D.directly直接地。根據(jù)上文“Ididn’trealizetheaddeddimensionofloveand12thatadogwouldteachmykids.”和“WhenOdiewassick”可知，當(dāng)Odie生病時(shí)大兒子會(huì)耐心地喂它。故選C。54．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我的孩子們不再談?wù)撾x家出走，因?yàn)橛幸粋€(gè)棘手的問(wèn)題，誰(shuí)來(lái)看狗。A.unless除非；B.because因?yàn)椋籆.but但是；D.though盡管。結(jié)合句意可知，上下文為因果關(guān)系，應(yīng)用because連接。故選B。55．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果養(yǎng)狗意味著讓我的孩子們更緊密地聯(lián)系在一起，這將是母親的祈禱得到了回應(yīng)。A.answered回答，回應(yīng)；B.said說(shuō)；C.denied否定；D.offered提供，主動(dòng)提出。媽媽的愿望是讓孩子們的聯(lián)系更緊密，養(yǎng)狗讓這一點(diǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了，因此作者認(rèn)為自己的祈禱得到了回應(yīng)。故選A。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）56.to57.tosettle58.thrown59.What60.action61.fairly 62.Seeing63.posted64.effective65.whoever【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了在女兒的影響下JeffKirschner創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)名叫Litterati的app，鼓勵(lì)人們清理垃圾保護(hù)環(huán)境。56．考查介詞。句意：垃圾到處都是，對(duì)我們的環(huán)境和生活有很大的壞處。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)doharmto意為“對(duì)……有害”，to為介詞。故填to。57．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：Kirschner想要建設(shè)一個(gè)沒(méi)有垃圾的世界，為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，他開(kāi)辦了一個(gè)名為L(zhǎng)itterati的全球社區(qū)。此處使用不定式短語(yǔ)tosettlethisproblem，作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填tosettle。58．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：像許多成人一樣，他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于看到被扔在他周?chē)睦灾掠谒幌朐倏匆谎邸？崭裉幍脑~在句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，修飾rubbish，由于throw與被修飾的詞是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，表被動(dòng)。故填thrown。59．考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：他的女兒說(shuō)的話(huà)提醒了他我們的星球所面臨的這個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。此處是主語(yǔ)從句，連接詞在從句中作said的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)，指代“他的女兒說(shuō)的話(huà)”。故填What。60．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：Jeff開(kāi)始采取行動(dòng)了。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)takeaction意為“采取行動(dòng)”。故填action。61．考查副詞。句意：這個(gè)想法非常簡(jiǎn)單：找到一片垃圾，拍一張照片，把照片上傳到網(wǎng)上，然后把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾桶里。此處修飾形容詞simple，應(yīng)用副詞。故填fairly。62．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：看見(jiàn)了Jeff正在記錄他對(duì)星球產(chǎn)生的積極影響，全世界的人們都開(kāi)始參與了進(jìn)來(lái)。主句主語(yǔ)people