中國傳媒大學考博英語模擬試卷3(題后含答案及解析)題型有：1.ReadingComprehension2.StructureandVocabulary3.English-ChineseTranslation4.WritingReadingComprehensionThisyearthecombinedadvertisingrevenuesofGoogleandYahoo!willrivalthecombinedprimetimeadrevenuesofAmerica’sthreebigtelevisionnetworks,ABC,CBSandNBCpredictsAdvertisingAge.Itwill,saysthetrademagazine,representa“watershedmoment”intheevolutionoftheinternetasanadvertisingmedium.A30-secondprime-timeTVadwasonceconsideredthemosteffective—andthemostexpensive—formofadvertising.Butthatwasbeforetheinternetgotgoing.Andthisweekonlineadvertisingmadeanotherleapforward.ThislatestinnovationcomesfromGoogle,whichhasbeguntestinganewauction-basedservicefordisplayadvertising.BothGoogleandYahoo!makemostoftheirmoneyfromadvertising.Auctioningkeywordsearch-terms,whichdeliversponsoredlinkstoadvertisers’websites,hasprovedtobeparticularlylucrative.Andadvertiserslikepaid-searchbecause,unlikeTV,theyonlypayforresults;theyarechargedwhensomeoneclicksononeoftheirlinks.BothGoogleandYahoo!alongwithsearch-siterivalslikeMicrosoft’sMSNandAskJeeves,aredevelopingmuchbroaderrangesofmarketingservices.Google,forinstance,alreadyprovidesaservicecalledAd-Sense.Itworksratherlikeanadvertisingagency,automaticallyplacingsponsoredlinksandotheradsonthird-partywebsites.Googlethensplitstherevenuewiththeownersofthosewebsites,whocanrangefrommultinationalstoindividualspublishingblogs.asonlinejournalsareknown.Google’snewserviceextendsAdSenseinthreeways.InsteadofGoogle’ssoftwareanalyzingthird-partywebsitestodeterminefromtheircontentwhatrelevantadstoplaceonthem,advertisementwillinsteadbea-bletoselectthespecificsiteswheretheywanttheiradstoappear.Thisprovidesbothmoreflexibilityandcontrol,saysPatrickKeane,Google’sheadofsalesstrategy.Thesecondchangeinvolvespricing.Potentialinternetadvertisersmustbidfortheiradtoappearona“cost-per-thousand”(knownasCPM)basis.ThisissimilartoTVcommercials,whereadvertiserspayaccordingtothenumberofpeoplewhoaresupposedtoseethead.ButtheGooglesystemdeliversatwist:CPMbidswillalsohavetocompeteagainstrivalbidsforthesameadspacefromthosewantingtopayona“cost-per-click”basis,thewaysearchtermsarepresently,sold.Click-throughmarketingtendstobeaimedatpeoplewhoalreadyknowtheywanttobuysomethingandaresearchingforproductandpriceinformation,whereasdisplayadvertisingismoreoftenusedtopersuadepeopletobuythingsinthefirstinstance.ThethirdchangeisthatGooglewillnowofferanimatedads—butnothingtooflashyorannoying,insistsMr.Keane.Suchadsarelikelytobemoreappealingtosomethebig-brandadvertisers.Spurredonbythespreadoffasterbroadbandconnections,suchcompaniesarebecomingincreasinglyinterestedinso-called“rich-media”ads.likeanimationandvideo.1．Bysaying“Itwillrepresenta‘watershedmoment’intheevolutionoftheinternetasanadvertisingme-dium”,thetrademagazinesuggests______.A．GoogleandYahoo!shareadvertisingrevenueswithtelevisionnetworksB．thesuccessofGoogleandYahootakesaturning-pointtoonlineadvertisingC．America’sthreebigtelevisionnetworksplayanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofadvertisingmediumD．GoogleandYahoo!builduptheirstatusinadvertising正確答案：B解析：本題問：商業雜志說“Itwillrepresenta‘watershedmoment’intheevolutionoftheinternetasanadvertisingmedium”意指什么。相關部分在文中第一段開頭，提到廣告時代預測本年度谷歌和雅虎兩大網絡公司的廣告收入將可以和美國三大電視網在黃金時段的廣告總收入相抗衡，稱這是因特網作為廣告媒介這一發展過程中的一個“watershedmoment”。本題理解的關鍵是“wa—tershedmoment”，根據上下文可以判斷網絡廣告已經對電視廣告構成威脅，并已取得顯著成績。因此，網絡廣告的出現為因特網成為廣告媒介提供了契機。故B“谷歌和雅虎的成功成為網絡廣告發展的轉折點”為正確項。2．Now,themosteffectiveformofadvertisingis______.A．a30-secondprime-timeTVadB．a30-secondprime-timeonlineadvertisingC．onlineadvertisingD．mostexpensiveTVad正確答案：C解析：本題問“目前最有效的廣告形式是什么”。相關部分在題文第一段第四行，“A30-secondprime-timeTVadwasonceconsideredthemosteffective———andthemostexpensive———formofad-vertising．Butthatwasbeforetheinteractgotgoing．Andthisweekonlineadvertisingmadeanotherleapforward．”(三十秒鐘的黃金時段電視廣告曾經是最有效、收費最高的廣告形式。但那都是因特網出現之前的事了，本周網絡廣告又實現了新飛躍)。，3．Whydoadvertiserslikethenewauction-basedservicefordisplayadvertising?A．BecausemorepeoplecanseetheadvertisementB．BecausetheservicebringsthemmoreprofitC．Becausetheyonlypayforresults.D．Becausetheserviceoffersmoreflexibilityandcontrol.正確答案：C解析：本題問“廣告客戶喜歡基于拍賣的廣告展示服務的原因是什么”。由關鍵詞：“thenewauction-basedservice”可定位相關部分在文中第二段四行處。文中提到：“Andadvertiserslikepaid—searchbecause，unlikeTV，theyonlypayforresults：theyarechargedwhensomeoneclicksononeoftheirlinks．”(廣告商喜歡付費搜索服務，不同于電視，他們只根據結果付費：當有人點擊了他們的網絡鏈接時，他們才要付費。)因此，是由于廣告客戶喜歡該種服務的收費方式。4．WhichofthefollowingisnotincludedinGoogle’snewservicewhichextendsAdSense?A．Advertiserswillbeabletoselectthespecificsiteswheretheywanttheiradstoappear.B．Advertiserspayonthebasisofthenumberofpeoplewhobrowsethead.C．Advertisersareofferedadswithanimation.D．Advertiserswillbeadvisedonthecontents.正確答案：D解析：本題問“哪一項不是谷歌擴展了AdSense的服務”。題文相關部分在短文第四、五、六段，文中提到“Google’snewserviceextendsAdSenseinthreeways…advertisementwillinsteadbeabletoselectthespecificsiteswheretheywanttheiradstoappear…Thesecondchangeinvolvespricing…ThethirdchangeisthatGooglewillhowofferanimatedads．”(谷歌通過三種方法使AdSense服務得以擴展……廣告可以根據廣告商的喜好可以被刊登在看好的網站上……第二種方法是對價格的調整……第三種方法是谷歌公司在廣告中加入了動畫的元素)。A“廣告可以根據廣告商的喜好被選擇出現在不同的網站上”是文中提到的第一種方法。B“廣告客戶根據瀏覽廣告的人數付費”是文中提到的第二種方法。C“廣告商提供動畫廣告”是第三種方法。文中提到谷歌并不是通過分析第三方的網站內容來決定其網站上應該放置何種相關廣告，因此談不到就廣告內容給廣告商提出建議。因此，D“廣告商得到關于廣告內容的建議”不是谷歌提供的的服務。5．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．OnlineadvertisingismoreeffectivethanTVadvertising.B．GoogleandYahoo!arechallengingMicrosoftinthefieldofadvertising.C．Google’snewadvertisingservicecouldmaketheinternetanevenmorevaluablemarketingmedium.D．Onlineadvertisingispopularwithadvertisers.正確答案：C解析：本題問“短文的主旨是什么”。從文中首段主題句“…Itwill，saysthetrademagazine，representa‘watershedmoment’intheevolutionoftheinternetasanadvertisingmedium．”(商業雜志稱，這是因特網作為廣告媒介這一發展過程中的一個“分水嶺”。)從文中第二段開始，所涉及的內容都是有關于谷歌公司的新廣告服務項目以及該服務產生的積極影響。可知C“谷歌公司新的廣告服務項目使因特網變成了更具價值的廣告媒體”正確。Technologyisatwo-edgedsword.Rarelyisthisasclearasitisintherealmofhealthcare.Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpatientsforgeneticdefects—andthentoturnaroundandspreadtheresultsthroughouttheworldviatheInternetForsomeoneinneedoftreatment,that’sgoodnews.Butforsomeoneinsearchofajoboraninsurancepolicy,itcanbeallbad.Lastweekacorollary(推論)wasproposedtothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.Beginningin2002,underrulessettobecomelawinFebruary,patientswouldbeabletodecidetheconditionsunderwhichtheirpersonalmedicaldatacouldleak.Theywouldbeabletoexaminetheirrecordsandmakecorrections.Theycouldlearnwhoelsehadseentheinformation.Improperuseofrecordsbyacaregiverorinsurercouldresultinbothcivilandcriminalpenalties.TheplanwassaidtobeanunprecedentedsteptowardputtingAmericansbackincontroloftheirownmedicalrecords.Whiletheadministrationdeclaredthattherulesasanattempttostrikeabalancebetweentheneedsofconsumersandthoseofthehealth-careindustry,neitherdoctorsnorinsurancecompanieswerehappy.Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallydestroyprivacy,pointingtoastipulationallowingmanaged-careplanstousepersonalinformationwithoutconsentifthepurposewas“health-careoperations”.That,physicianssaid,wasaloophole(漏洞)throughwhichHealthMaintenanceOrganizationsandotherinsurerscouldpry(窺探)intothedoctor-patientrelationship,inthenameofassessingthequalityofcare.Meanwhile,theinsurersprotestedthattheruleswouldmakethemvulnerabletolawsuits.Theywereespeciallydisturbedbyastipulationholdingthemliableforprivacybreaches(違背)by“businesspartners”suchaslawyersandaccountants.BothgroupsagreedthatprivacyprotectionswoulddriveUpthecostofhealthcarebyatleastanaddi-tional$3.8billion,andmaybemuch,more,overthenextfiveyears.Theyalsocomplainedabouttheincreasedleveloffederalscrutinyrequiredbythenewrules’enforcementrules.Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality,therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors.Todayvariouscancersandotherembarrassingdiseasescangountreatedbecausepatientsareafraidofembarrassmentoroflosinginsurancecoverage.Thefearisreal;anofficialnotedthataJanuarypollbyPrincetonSurveyResearchAssociatesfoundthatoneinsixU.S.adultshadatsometimedonesomethingunusualtoconcealmedicalinformation,suchaspayingcashforservices.6．Whatcanbeinferredfrom“technologyisatwo-edgedsword”inParagraph1?A．Patientscanbenefitalotfrommedicaltechnology.B．Peoplearesufferingfrommisuseofmedicaltechnology.C．Weshouldbeawareofthedangerbroughtbymedicaltechnology.D．Despitetreatmentimprovement,technologycanbeharmful.正確答案：D解析：此題為推理判斷題，考查“對‘two—edgedsword’詞義的理解”。下文提到“Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpailentsforgeneticdefects…，that’sgoodnews．”即醫生利用先進的技術能測試病人的基因缺陷，并可利用先進的互聯網技術傳播病人醫療信息，有助于治療。但接下來，作者話鋒一轉“Butforsomeoneinsearchofajoboraninsurancepolicy，itcanbeallbad．”指出傳播病人醫療信息有負面影響，不當使用技術可能帶來的不良后果。也就是說“two-edgedsword”一詞既包含積極的一面，也含有消極的一面。因此，D“科技能夠提高治療水平，也能導致不良結果”正確。7．Whichofthefollowingisthepatientsentitledtodointermsoftheproposal?A．Behonesttotheirdoctors.B．Controltheirmedicalinformation.C．Determinehowtomaketheirmedical,records.D．Accusetheinsurersofmakinguseoftheirmedicaldata.正確答案：B解析：本題考查細節，問“據此法規，病人可以有權做什么”。文章第二段提到“…incontroloftheirownmedicalrecords”，由此可知病人將對自己的醫療信息有支配權。因此B“控制自己的醫療信息”正確。8．Howdodoctorscommentontheproposal?A．Itmaydamagedoctor-patientrelationship.B．Thereisnocontroversyonthisissue.C．Itisdefectiveandsomewhatunreasonable.D．Doctorswilltendtobeinvolvedinmoremedicalcases.正確答案：C解析：本題考查細節，問“醫生們如何看待這項法規”。短文第三段提到了醫生的觀點“Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallydestroyprivacy，…”，醫生們認為這些法規實際上是在破壞隱私權，由此可見答案應該是C“這項法規有漏洞不盡合理”。9．WhatisthepurposeofgivingtheexampleofJanuarypollbyPrincetonSurveyResearchAssociates?A．Patientscommonlypaycashfortheirmedicalservice.B．Patientsarereluctanttotelltheirembarrassingillnesstodoctors.C．ThePrincetonSurveyResearchAssociatesenjoysthebestreputationinconductingpolls.D．Thepatients’disguisingoftheirmedicalinformationwidelyexists.正確答案：D解析：本題考查推理能力，問“為什么要引用普林斯頓調查研究協會1月份的民意測驗”。前文講到“Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality，therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors．Todayvariouscancersandotherembarrassingdiseasescangountreatedbecausepatientsareafraidofembarrassmentoroflosinginsurancecoverage．”作者指出病人因為羞于啟齒或者擔心失去保險賠付而隱瞞病情使疾病得不到治療，接著又說到這種擔心并非無中生有。作者繼而引用普利斯頓調查研究協會的調查結果表明每六個成年人中就有一個曾經做過如用現金支付服務費這樣刻意隱瞞醫療信息的事情，引用數據旨在說明這一問題的嚴重性。因此，D“病人隱瞞醫療信息的情況普遍存在”正確。10．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A．Thefeasibilityandirrationalityofprotectingmedicalprivacy.B．Thegovernment’sappealtoprotectionofmedicalinformation.C．Patientsshouldenjoymorerightstotheirmedicalrecords.D．Doctorsandinsurers’complaintabouttheproposal.正確答案：A解析：本題問“短文主旨”。短文的第二段開頭給出了這項法規的內容“…，afighttomedicalprivacy．”是關于醫療隱私的權利問題，接下來闡述了法規的細則。在第三段作者指出這項法規的合理性受到了醫生和保險公司的質疑。“…，neitherdoctorsnorinsurancecompanieswerehappy．”在短文的第四段作者提到了法規出臺的目的和合理性，“Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality，therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors．”因此，應選A“保護醫療隱私的可行性及其不合理性”。Sleepisafunnything.We’retaughtthatweshouldgetsevenoreighthoursanight,butalotofusgetbyjustfineonless,andsomeofusactuallysleeptoomuch.AstudyoutoftheUniversityofBuffalolastmonthreportedthatpeoplewhoroutinelysleepmorethaneighthoursadayandarestilltiredarenearlythreetimesaslikelytodieofstroke—probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozing(睡)soundly.Doctorshavetheirownspecialsleepproblems.Residents(住院醫生)arefamouslysleepdeprived.WhenIwastrainingtobecomeaneurosurgeon,itwasnotunusualtowork40hoursinarowwithoutrestMostofustookitinstride,confidentwecouldstilldeliverthehighestqualityofmedicalcare.Maybeweshouldn’thavebeensosureofourselves.AnarticleintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationpointsoutthatinthemorningafter24hoursofsleeplessness,aperson’smotorperformanceiscomparabletothatofsomeonewhoislegallyintoxicated.Curiously,surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep.“Icouldtellyouhorrorstories.“saysJayaAgrawal,presidentoftheAmericanMedicalStudentAssociation,whichrunsawebsitewhereresidentscanpostanonymousanecdotes.Someareterrifying.“Iwasoperatingafterbeingupforover36hours,“onewrites.“Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound.““PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork“writesanother.“Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedears.Anotherhita‘Jerseybarrier’ontheNewJerseyTurnpike,going65m.p.h.““Yourownpatientshavebecometheenemy,“writesathird,becausetheyare“theonethingthatstandsbetweenyouandafewhoursofsleep.“Agrawal’sorganizationissupportingthePatientandPhysicianSafetyandProtectionActof2001.introducedlastNovemberbyRepresentativeJohnConyersJr.ofMichigan.Itskeyprovisions,modeledonNewYorkState’sregulations,includean80-hourworkweekanda24-hourwork-shiftlimitMostdoctors,however,resistsuchinterference.Dr.CharlesBinkley,aseniorsurgeryresidentattheUniversityofMichigan,a-greesthatsomethingneedstobedonebutbelieves“doctorsshouldbehoundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment”.TheU.S.controlsthehoursofpilotsandtruckdrivers.Butuntilsuchasystemisinplacefordoctors,patientsareontheirown.Ifyou’reworriedaboutthepeopletreatingyouoralovedone,youshouldfeelfreetoaskhowmanyhoursofsleeptheyhavehadandifmore-restedstaffersareavailable.Doctors,forthen-part,havetogiveuptheirposeofinfallibility(不出錯)andgettheresttheyneed.11．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．Peoplewhosleeplessthan8hoursadayaremorepronetoillness.B．Poorsleepqualitymaybeasignofphysicaldisorder.C．Strokeisoftenassociatedwithsleep.D．Toomuchsleepcanbeasharmfulaslackofsleep.正確答案：B解析：本題為推理題，問“第一段暗含了什么意思”。第一段最后一句話提到“…peoplewhoroutinelysleepmorethaneighthoursadayandarestilltiredarenearlythreetimesaslikelytodieofstroke—probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozing(睡)soundly．”意思是那些每天習慣睡八個小時以上但仍然感覺疲勞的人死于中風的危險是普通人的三倍，這也許就是一種潛在的紊亂導致的結果，正是這種紊亂才讓他們難以安饞。由此句可以看出潛在的紊亂可能導致人們睡眠質量不高，雖然睡眠時間長，但仍然感到疲憊。因此B“睡眠質量不高可能是身體紊亂的征兆”為正確項。12．Whatdoestheauthorimplyspeakingofthesleepproblemsthatdoctorsface?A．Doctors’sleepisdeprivedbyresidents.B．Sleep-depriveddoctorsareintoxicated.C．Doctorstendtoneglecttheirownsleepproblems.D．Doctorsoftenneedlittlesleeptokeepthemenergetic.正確答案：C解析：本題考察推理能力，問“醫生的睡眠問題暗示了什么”。短文第二段“…inthemorningafter24hoursofsleeplessness，aperson’smotorperformanceiscomparabletothatofsomeonewhoislegallyintoxicated．Curiously，surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep．”也就是說醫生們雖然認為醉酒開刀應該受到嚴懲，但對于在睡眠不足的情況下做手術卻并不加以認真考慮。由此可見。“醫生們大都忽略了他們自己的睡眠問題”。13．Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph3and4?A．Toentertaintheaudiencewithsomeanecdotes.B．Todiscussthecauseofdoctors’sleepproblems.C．Toshowthehostilitydoctorshaveagainsttheirpatients.D．Toexemplifythedangerdoctorsfacecausedbylackofsleep.正確答案：D解析：此題屬推理題，問“作者寫第三段和第四段的目的是什么”。短文在第二段中指出了醫生對睡眠不足缺乏重視，接下來在第三段中舉了一個例子“Iwasoperatingafterbeingupforover36hours；…Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound．”這個醫生因缺覺在做手術時，臉差點碰到病人傷口；緊接著在第四段里又舉了幾個例子：“‘PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork．’writesanother.‘Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedcars．Anotherhita‘Jerseybarrier’ontheNewJerseyTurnpike，going65m．p．h．”’這些例子說的是醫生開車時在方向盤上睡著；醫生撞車；醫生撞到公路收費站欄桿。由此可見作者寫這兩段的目的就是要“舉例說明醫生睡眠不足可能帶來的危害”，故選D。14．WhatdoesDr.CharlesBinkleymeanby“doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment”inParagraph5?A．Doctorsshouldnotabidebygovernment’sregulations.B．Thegovernmentisinterferingtoomuch.C．Theregulationsaboutworkweekandworkshiftaretoospecific.D．Lawcannotforceadoctortosleepwhilehisconsciencecan.正確答案：B解析：本題問“Dr．CharlesBinkley說的‘doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience，notbythegovernment’這句話意味看什么”。對于政府制定法規解決醫生睡眠不足的問題，短文第五段說：“Itskeyprovisions，modeledonNewYorkState’sregulations，includean80-hourworkweekanda24hourwork-shiftlimit．Mostdoctors，however，resistsuchinterference．”即關鍵規定包括一周工作80小時，最多24小時輪一次班，但大多數醫生討厭這種政府干涉。接下來引用CharlesBinkley醫生的話來說明醫生對這種干涉的反感：“…agreesthatsomethingneedstobedonebutbelieves‘doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience，notbythegovernment’．”，在他看來醫生應該受到良心的約束，而不是政府的管制。可見CharlesBinkley認為“政府干預過多了”，所以應該選擇B。15．Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?A．Pilotsandtruckdriversworkinsaferenvironmentsthanthatofdoctors.B．Patientscanchoosethesleepinghoursoftheirdoctors.C．Patientsarefacingmorerisksiftheirdoctorsarenotadequately-rested.D．Peopleconcernedhavetherighttoremovetheirdoctorsfromtheirpositions.正確答案：C解析：本題問“作者很可能贊同以下哪個觀點”。短文最后一段給醫生提出建議，認為醫生應該放棄他們決不出錯的姿態，得到充足的休息，否則“patientsareontheirown”，病人就只能聽天由命了。由此可見C“如果醫生睡眠不足，病人就要冒更大的風險”是正確答案。Aslongasherparentscanremember,13-year-oldKatieHarthasbeentalkingaboutgoingtocollege.Hermother,Tally,afinancial-aidofficeratanOhiouniversity,knowsalltoowellthedauntingcalculusofpayingforacollegeeducation.Lastyeartheaverageyearlytuitionataprivate,four-yearschoolclimbed5.5percenttomorethan$17,000.TheHartshavestartedsaving,andfiguretheycanaffordapublicuniversitywithoutaproblem.ButwhatifKatieappliestoPrinceton(she’sthreatening),whereoneyear’stuition,roomandboard—almost$34,000in2002—willcostmorethansomeluxurycars?EvenanumbercruncherlikeTallyadmitsit’salittlescary,especiallysinceshe’llretireandKatiewillgotocollegeata-roundthesametime.Payingforcollegehasalwaysbeenahumblingendeavor.Thegoodnews:lastyearstudentscollected$74billioninfinancialaid,themostever.MostfamiliespaylessthanfullfreightSixtypercentofpublic-universitystudentsandthreequartersofthoseatprivatecollegesreceivesomeformoffinancialaid—mostly,thesedays,intheformofloans.Butthosenumbersarenotasencouragingastheyappearforlower-incomefamilies,becauseschoolsarechangingtheirformulasfordistributingaid.Eagertoboosttheirmagazinerankings,whicharebasedinpartonthetestscoresofenteringfreshmen,they’rethrowingmoreaidatsmarterkids—whethertheyneeditornotThebestwaytoprepareistostartsavingearly.Anewlawpassedlastyearmakesthateasierforsomefamilies.So-called529plansallowparentstosockawayfundsinfederal-tax-free-investment,accounts,aslongasthemoneyisusedfor“qualifiededucationexpenses”liketuition,roomandboard.Theplansaren’tforeveryone.Fortaxreasons,somelowerandmiddle-incomefamiliesmaybebetteroffchoosingotherinvestments.Butsavingisvital.Aidpackagesusuallycomeinsomecombinationofgrants,loansandjobs.Thesedays60percentofallaidcomesintheformoflow-interestloans.Allstudentsareeligiblefor“unsubsidized”federalStaffordloans,whichletthemdeferinterestpaymentsuntilaftergraduation.StudentswhocandemonstrateneedcanalsoqualifyforfederalPerkinsloansor“subsidized”Staffords,wherethegovernmentpaystheinterestduringschool.Traditionalscholarships,academicorathletic,arestillapartofmanyfamilies’planning.MackReiter,a17-year-oldnationalwrestlingchampion,getssomanyrecruitinglettershethrowsmostaway.He’llalmostcertainlygetafreeride.Withoutit,“wewouldreallybeinabind,“sayshismother,JanetForeveryoneelse,it’sworththeefforttopickthroughlocalandnationalscholarshipofferings,whichcanbefoundonWebsiteslikecollegeboard.com.16．WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewiththeexampleoftheHarts?A．Thedifficultyofpayingthetuition.B．Theincreasingtuitionintheuniversity.C．Thefar-sightoftheparents.D．ThepromisingfutureofKatie.正確答案：A解析：本題問“作者舉Harts家的例子說明了什么”。第一段中提到“Hermother，…knowsalltoowellthedauntingcalculusofpayingforacollegeeducation．Lastyeartheaverageyearlytuitionataprivate．four-yearschoolclimbed5．5percenttomorethan$17,000…EvenanumbercruncherlikeTallyadmitsit’salittle，scary，…”意思是大學教育費用是一個令人心跳畏縮的數字，去年私立四年制大學的年平均學費增長了5．5％，超過17，000美元，這真有點讓人恐慌。由此可見，這個例子說明了學費很貴，“支付學費的難度”，故選A。17．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Somefamiliesaretoopoortopaythefulltuition.B．Theparentsdonotfavortheformofloans.C．Payingthetuitionmakestheparentsfeelhumble.D．Thoseingreatneedmaynotgettheaid.正確答案：D解析：本題屬“推理判斷題”。作者在本段指出“Butthosenumberarenotasencouragingastheyappearforlower-incomefamilies，becauseschoolsarechangingtheirformulasfordistributingaid．…they’rethrowingmoreaidatsmarterkids—whethertheyneeditornoL”即學校正在改變的資助發放方案不利于那些低收入家庭，學校把更多的資助給了成績較好的學生，不管他們是否需要這種資助。也就是說“那些很需要幫助的家庭反而得不到幫助”，故選D。18．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“betteroff”inParagraph3?A．richerB．wiserC．happierD．luckier正確答案：A解析：本題是猜詞題，考查“利用上下文猜‘betteroff’一詞的意思”。本段提到“So—called529plansallowparentstosockawayfundsinfederal—tax-free-investmentaccounts．…Theplansaren’tforeveryone．Fortaxreasons，somelower-andmiddle—incomefamiliesmaybebetteroffchoosingotherin—vestments．”即529方案準許父母把錢存在聯邦免稅投資賬戶上，該方案雖有助于存錢，但并不適于每一個人：由于稅收原因，對于那些低收入和中等收入家庭來說，選擇其他投資方式會比這種方式好。從上文“存錢”和下文“投資”二詞，可以猜出“betteroff”有“經濟上更寬裕”的意思，故選A。19．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?A．TherecruitinglettersMackReiterreceivedofferedhimfullscholarships.B．MackReiterwantedtohelphisfamilygooutofthetrouble.C．Traditionalscholarshipsareagoodsolutiontothetuitionproblemsinsomefamilies.D．MackReiterwasveryproudofhisnationalwrestlingchampionship.正確答案：C解析：本題屬推理題，問“最后一段暗含了什么意思”。短文在最后一段提到“Traditionalscholarships，academicorathletic，arestillapartofmanyfamilies’planning…it’sworththeefforttopickthroughlocalandnationalscholarshipofferings，…”即爭取獲得學術或體育等傳統獎學金仍然是很多家庭計劃的一部分，值得費些工夫去網上搜尋可提供的獎學金。也就是說“對一些家庭而言傳統的獎學金依然是解決學費問題的好辦法”，故C為正確項。20．Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothetext?A．TheHartslikeapublicuniversitybetterthanaprivateone.B．ItismucheasiertopaythetuitionatpresentC．Allstudentscongetthesubsidizedloans.D．Traditionalscholarshipsarestillattractivetosomefamilies.正確答案：D解析：本題是細節題，問“哪項正確”。短文最后一段指出“Traditionalscholarships，academicorathletic，arestillapartofmanyfamilies’planning…it’sworththeefforttopickthroughlocalandnationalscholarshipofferings，…”，即爭取獲得學術或體育等傳統獎學金仍然是很多家庭計劃的一部分，也就是說“傳統獎學金對一些家庭仍然有吸引力”，故選D。StructureandVocabulary21．Dr.Smithfailedmanytimesbuthefinally______tofindasuccessfulwaytosolvetheproblem.A．brokeoffB．brokedownC．brokeoutD．brokethrough正確答案：D解析：本題需弄清以break為中心的四個動詞短語的意思。A項的breakoff意為“停止講話”；B項的breakdown意為“(因機械、電力等故障)停止運轉，失靈；失敗，崩潰，瓦解；(身體狀況)變得惡劣”；C項的breakout意為“突然發生”；D項的breakthrough意為“有重要創建，突破”。22．Thislittlegirlhasaparticular______forchocolate.Wheneversheseesit,shewillsnatchabarandenjoyittoherheart’scontentA．likingB．likeC．likableD．likely正確答案：A解析：本題為詞義辨析題。A項的liking是名詞，通常出現在固定短語havealikingforsth．中，意思是“喜愛某事物”；B項的like作動詞可以表示“喜歡，喜愛”的意思，后邊直接加賓語；C項的likable是形容詞，意為“可愛的，討人喜歡的”；D項的likely是形容詞，意為“預期的，可能的”。23．Thiscomputerisup-to-date“______”afewshortcomingshereandthere.A．exceptB．exceptforC．exceptthatD．but正確答案：B解析：本題需要區分四個選項的含義及用法。四個選項都有“除……之外”的意思，但是C項的exceptthat后需跟從句，因此可以將其排除。A項的except和D項的but通常指所排除的人或事物是整體的一部分，或者與整體屬于一類。如‘There’snooneherebutme．和IcantakemyholidayatanytimeexceptinAugust．B項的exceptfor可以用來指所排除的人或事物不是整體的一部分或者不與整體屬于一類，而是整體的一個例外。24．Thepreciousmanuscriptswerehopelessly______bylongexposureinthecold,dampcellar.A．ruinedB．damagedC．destroyedD．harmed正確答案：A解析：在本題中，A項的ruin意為“毀壞”；B項的damage意為“損壞”；C項的destroy意為“摧毀”；D項的harm意為“損害，傷害”。這四個詞意思接近，但用法不同。首先排除D項，因為harm的賓語往往是人或人的“感情、名譽、健康、關系”等。而句中的主語是manuscripts(手稿)，所以不合適。25．Theboardofthecompanyhasdecidedto______itsoperationtoincludeallaspectsoftheclothingbusiness.A．extendB．enlargeC．expandD．amplify正確答案：C解析：本題也是近義詞辨析，四個選項的動詞都有“擴大”的意思，但要跟后面的賓語”operation”搭配，只有C項的“expand”適合。26．Thatsounddoesn’t______inhislanguage,soit’sdifficultforhimtopronounceit.A．happenB．occurC．haveD．takeplace正確答案：B解析：本題的四個動詞或動詞短語中，除了C項have以外，都含“發生”的意思，但其中只有B項的occur含有“出現”的意思，適合本句的上下文。27．Theaccommodationwascheap,butthefoodwasvery______.A．highB．costlyC．dearD．overpaid正確答案：B解析：本題中間的but一詞要求考生找出前一分句中的cheap的反義詞。但四個選項中，可以首先排除A和D，因為A項high的反義詞是low，D項overpaid的反義詞是underpaid。B和C都能表示“昂貴”的意思，但C項的dear常跟price，shop，rate等搭配。28．Mybossinsistsonseeingeverythingin______beforehemakesadecision.A．blackandblueB．redandblueC．blackandwhiteD．greenandyellow正確答案：C解析：此題的四個短語中，B和D不是習語，不成立，應首先排除。A項的blackandblue意為“青腫的；淤血的”，與上下文意思不符。C項的blackandwhite意為“白紙黑字，黑白分明，清清楚楚”，符合本句的意思，為本題的正確答案。29．Theworkisnotveryprofitable______cash,butIamgettingvaluableexperiencefromitA．inthelightofB．accordingtoC．onthebasisofD．intermsof正確答案：D解析：本題A項inthelightof的意思是“鑒于，根據”；B項accordingto意為“根據”；C項onthebasisof意為“根據，在……基礎上”；D項intermsof意為“在……方面，就……方面來說”。30．Atthemeeting,Smithargued______infavoroftheproposal.A．severelyB．warmlyC．forcefullyD．heavily正確答案：C解析：本題中四個副詞的意思分別是：A項嚴厲地；B項熱情地；C項強有力地；D項嚴重地，劇烈地。根據句子的意思，只有C適合。31．Hisattentionoften______atlectures,Nowonderh