第2頁/共19頁2025北京東城高三（上）期末英語本試卷共12頁，共100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Drakewasridinginthepassengerseatofhisgrandfather’struckalongRoute75.Thegrandfather,Hugh,68,wasincontactwithaco-workerwhen___1___somethingwasverywrong.Hugh___2___talkingandlookednotquitehimself.Drakecalledoutandaskedwhetherhewasallright,butHughwasnolongerconscious.Hugh’sco-worker,whowasstillontheline,toldDraketousehisgrandfather’scellphonetocallhismother,Jessica.She___3___hersontoclimbontohisgrandfather’slap,takeholdofthewheelandpullovertotheshoulderofthehighway.Thenthecalldropped.Drakelivesonafarmandhasdrivengolfcarts.“There’salwaysanadultwatching,buthedrivesalone,”hismothersaid.The___4___behindthewheelgavehimtheconfidenceto___5___hisgrandfather’svehicle.Hepulledoff,called911andtoldtheoperatorwhathadhappenedandwherehewaslocated.“I’mreallyscared,”Drakeaddedintears.“Idon’twanthimtodie.”Policeandanambulancequicklyarrivedatthe___6___.AlthoughDrakewasrelievedthathelphadarrived,hesaid,“Iwasstillkindof___7___.RescueworkersgaveHughfirstaid,and,withinabout20minutes,hestartedtofeelbetter.“ItwasgoodIhadDrakewithme,”Hughsaid.Heknowsthathadhisgrandsonnotbeentherewithhim,thingscouldhavetakenanawful___8___.Drake’sparentssaidtheyweren’t___9___byhisquickthinking.“He’sauniquelittleperson,”hismothersaid.“IfIcould____10____any10-year-oldintheworldinthatexactsituation,itwouldbeDrake.Myownchildsavedmyownparent,”Jessicacontinued.“Itmademyheartswell.”1.A.immediately B.finally C.naturally D.suddenly2.A.missed B.forgot C.stopped D.meant3.A.permitted B.instructed C.invited D.warned4.A.position B.vision C.experience D.guidance5.A.takeover B.takeoff C.takeout D.takein6.A.scene B.hospital C.farm D.shelter7.A.satisfied B.shaky C.confused D.proud8.A.chance B.role C.view D.turn9.A.inspired B.surprised C.impressed D.delighted10.A.checkon B.focuson C.reflecton D.counton第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AndrewKonde,astudentatKenya’sStrathmoreUniversity,wasinspiredtostartlearningkungfuasachildafter___11___(watch)martialartsmovies.WhatbeganasahobbyforachildhassincebecomeawayoflifeforKonde,___12___isnowthechairmanoftheuniversity’sMartialArtsClub.Throughhardwork,he___13___(lead)histeamtovictoriesatnationalchampionshipsoverthepasttwoyears.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Scientistshavemadeatinybatteryasthinasahumanhair.Becauseit’ssosmall,itcouldhelptinyrobotsenterthebody___14___(deliver)medicine.Previouslytheserobotsneededsunlighttowork,whichlimited___15___theycouldgo.Thisnewbatteryletsthemwork___16___needingexternalpower.Currently,thesebatteries___17___(attach)totherobotsbywires,butinthefuture,scientistshopetobuildthebatteriesintotherobots.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Self-checkoutmachinesaremeanttoprovidecustomerswithafasterand___18___(smooth)shoppingexperienceandeliminatelonglinesattheregister.Manypeopleprefertoscanandbagtheirown___19___(item)andzipthroughthetransactionwithgreatease.Atthesametime,however,manycustomerscomplainthatself-checkoutcausesmoreproblemsthanitsolves.Themachinescanfreezeuporscan___20___(correct)forexample.Thatslowsthingsdownanddefeatsthewholepurpose.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWearepleasedtoannouncethelaunchofthe“2025YouthPhotoChallengeforDisasterRiskReduction”.Youngandamateurphotographersareinvitedtoparticipatebysharingtheirbestphotos.Thetop10selectedphotoswillbeexhibitedandfeaturedinUNcommunicationmaterials,whichwillfosteragreaterunderstandingandappreciationofresilienceinthefaceofclimateemergency,andtoincreasethevoicesofyouthglobally.ThemeThethemecentersontheimpactofheatwaves,wildfires,andfloods.Inparticular,weencourageparticipantsto:Recordsolutions,preventionmeasures,andmechanismsadoptedbyindividuals,localcommunities,andnationalauthoritiestotackletheseclimatechallenges.Reflectinnovationandadaptationinthefaceofadversity.EvaluationcriteriaPhotoswillbeevaluatedbasedonfourcriteria:Relevancetotheme:Thiscriterionassesseshoweffectivelythephotographcapturestheimpactofheatwaves,wildfires,andfloods,aswellastheresponsemechanismsemployedtoaddressthesechallenges.Impactandstorytelling:Thiscriterionevaluatestheemotionalstrengthofthephotograph.Specialconsiderationwillbegiventophotosthatsuccessfullytellstoriesofresilienceandempowerment.Creativityandoriginality:Thiscriterionfocusesontheuniquenessoftheperspectiveandtheinnovativereflectionofthethemes.Technicalquality:Thiscriterionexaminesthetechnicalaspectsofthephotograph,includingcompositionandoverallvisualappeal.SubmissionguidelinesSubmissiondeadline:15September2025Announcementofselectedphotos:Thetop10photoswillbeannouncedon13October2025,theInternationalDayforDisasterRiskReduction.Entriesshouldbeemailedtoundrr-roeca@withthesubjectline“Summer2025PhotoChallengeSubmission”.Eachsubmissionmustinclude:thephotographer’sfullnameandage;locationofthephotoanddate;andbriefdescription(50-100words)explainingthephoto’scontextandrelevancetothetheme.Participantsmustconfirmtheoriginalityoftheirworkandensuretheyhaveobtainedallnecessarypermissionsforanyidentifiableindividualsinthephotos.21.WhatdoweknowaboutthePhotoChallenge?A.Itwilldisplaythebestphotographs. B.Itmainlyfocusesoncommunityefforts.C.Itisopentoprofessionalphotographers. D.Itaimstoworkoutsolutionstodisasters.22.Anentryislikelytobechosenifit___________.A.reflectsinternationalreliefefforts B.demonstratestheoptimismofyouthC.showstheappealofadvancedtechnology D.presentsoriginalviewpointsonclimatecrisis23.Whatisoneoftherequirementsforsubmission?A.Attachingabriefintroduction. B.Sendingtheentryby13October.C.Completinganapplicationform. D.Gettingpermissionfromthecommunity.BTwoyearsago,fueledbymyenvyforthosewithgardens,Isignedupforaplot,aplacewhereIcouldreadandwriteinthesun,safefromdistractions.Afewmonthsago,Iwaspresentedahalf-plotofavailableland.Theplot,whichwasbiggerthanIcoulddreamof,wasbeautifulbutovergrown—gettingitstartedwouldrequirehardwork.Iwasn’tsureIhaditinme.Fastforwardtonow.Afterseekingguidancefrommyfamilyandwatchingbeginners’gardeningvideos,Ispendhoursaweeksowing,weeding,wateringandharvesting.Mysummerattheplothassofarofferedcountlesslessons,butthemostimportantonehasbeenlearningmoreabouthowfoodactuallygrows.Takethehumblecauliflower—acommonsightinthesupermarket,yetitdemandspatienttendingforuptosixmonths,allforashortmomentontheplate.Seasonalityhasalsotakenonanewmeaning.Iknewthatallfreshfoodhasits“season”butitwasonlywhenIwasoverwhelmedbyanendlesssupplyofcourgettesthatIreallyunderstoodIcouldbeeatingthemformonths.Yetabundantharvestscomewithalessoninimpermanence.Freshproducegoesoffquicklyonceripenedandpicked.AndsoI’veturnedtotheoldcraftofpreservation—learningwhattoboilandfreeze,ormakeintojam—tomakethingslast.WhentheharvesthasbeenmorethanIcanmanage,I’vesharedtheabundancewithfriendsandfamily,spreadingthejoy.Whilegardeningisawelcomeescapefromthechaosofthemodernworld,youcan’tavoidtherealityoftheclimatecrisis.It’sonethingtoreadtheseinthenewsorseethemreflectedinprices,butit’squiteanotherwhenyouhavetobeintunewithweatherpatterns,prayingforprolongedsunshinewithouttheunbearableheat.AsIcontinuetotendmyplot,Idosowithasenseofhumility,wonderandexcitement.Whatstartedasadesireforasmallpatchofgreenhasgrownintosomethingmuchmoresignificant—aconnectiontomylocalenvironment,arespectforthefoodIeatandanawarenessofthefragilenaturalsystemsthatsustainus.Inthebeginning,IwasworriedIwouldfailtheplot;instead,I’mfindingmyselfgrowingalongsideit.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhengettingtheplot?A.Proudbutanxious. B.Gratefulbutpuzzled.C.Amazedbutworried. D.Movedbutdisappointed.25.Whileworkingontheplot,theauthorlearnedto__________.A.removechaosfromlife B.createseasonalrecipesC.identifycommonplants D.respectlawsofnature26.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperiencetellus?A.Laboristhemostreliablewealth. B.Everyseasonbringsitsownlessons.C.Thelandismadebetterandsoisthegardener. D.Oneshouldstayhungryforconstantprogress.CIn1993,ashipsailedintothePacificOceancarryingnearly1,000poundsofiron,thendumpeditallintothewaves.Thenextmorning,thewaterturnedalittlegreenishduetonewlyemergedphytoplankton(浮游生物).Themicroorganisms,whichneedirontogrow,drawCO?outoftheair.Fertilizingtheoceanwithironisaformofgeoengineering,asetoftechnologiesfascinatingfortheirpotentialtomeaningfullyimpactEarth’ssystems,andcontroversialforthesamereason.Astheplanetheats,geoengineeringisemployedtomanipulate(控制)itinnovelways,whetherresearchersmisttheskieswithseasalttoincreasehowmuchsunlightcloudsreflectorinventmachinestosuckgreenhousegasesoutoftheatmosphere.Engineeringhome-grownplanktonsoundslikealessdramaticapproach.Butthefieldissonewthatscientistsdon’tyetknowwhethergeoengineeringwithmicroorganismswouldreallybeagentlerformofclimateintervention.Microbes,afterall,playenormouslyconsequentialrolesintheworldaroundusandwithinus.ForthebestchanceofkeepingEarthliveable,scientistsneedtounderstandexactlyhowthemicroscopiccreaturesmightbeuseful,andperhapsevenpreferabletothemoresci-fiapproachestocoolingofftheworld.Onefavoredapproachcentersonmethane,agreenhousegasaccountingfor30%oftheriseinglobaltemperature.MaryLidstrom,aprofessor,isworkingongeneticallymodifyingbacteriathatnaturallyconsumemethane,sothatthemicrobespullevenmoregasfromtheair.Thebacteriawouldliveinsidefacilitiesknownasbioreactors.Theycouldbepositionednearknownmethanesources—landfillsandwetlands—tominimizetheamountofmethanethatmakesitintotheair.Scalingupanykindofclimateengineeringistricky.Significantlyslowingwarmingcausedbymethanewouldrequireabout300,000bioreactorstobeactivefor20years.Andthedownstreameffectsaredifficulttopredict,letalonecontain.Forexample,theironputintothePacificOceancouldhaveconsequencesforotherregionsoftheworld’sseas.Also,there’snearlyasmuchuncertaintyaboutintendedeffects.Scientistsdon’tknowforsurehoweffectivetheseconceptswillprovetobe.The1993shipexpeditions,forexample,didn’tstickaroundverylong;thejourneyswereexpensive,andscientistscouldn’tremainatseatodeterminewhatexactlywashappeninginthedepths.CarbonstolenoutoftheatmosphereshouldremainburiedforatleastacenturyformaximumimpactYetit’sentirelypossiblethatifthephytoplanktondoesn’tsinktodeepenoughwaters,itjustgetseatenbytheorganismsinthesurfaceocean,andthatCO?justreturnstotheatmosphere.Thehottertheplanetgets,themoreattractivegeoengineeringwilllikelyseem.Shortoflarge-scalebehavioralchangesglobally,wedoseemtobecommittingourselvestoanengineeredsolutiononourcurrentroutes.Wemighthavetodecide,soonerthanwethink,whichleversweneedtopull,largeorsmall.27.Whatcanwelearnaboutgeoengineering?A.Oceaniron-fertilizationisonthehorizon. B.Sunlight-reflectionmethodiscost-effective.C.Methane-eatingbacteriaarebeingimproved. D.Gas-suckingmachineisatheoreticalconcept.28.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4aboutthegeoengineeringapproaches?A.Theirimpactontheecosystemisoverlooked. B.Theirimplicationsarehardtoanticipate.C.Theycallfordecadesofpreparation. D.Theyaremonitoredcontinuously.29.Theiron-fertilizationexperimentmayachieveitsintendedeffectsif__________.A.thetargetmicrobessurvive B.carbonisstoredseparatelyC.thephytoplanktongrowsfaster D.moredeep-seaorganismsaretested30.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowWillGeoengineeringBetterEarth’sSystems?B.HowtoCooltheWorldWithoutBlockingtheSun?C.HowtoStealCarbonwithSci-fiApproaches?D.HowCantheEngineeredSolutionDeliver?DTheageofartificialintelligencehasbegun,anditbringsplentyofanxieties.AlmostalloftheconversationsaboutriskhavetodowiththepotentialconsequencesofAIsystemspursuinggoalsthatdepartfromwhattheywereprogrammedtodoandthatarenotintheinterestsofhumans.Butthisisonlyonesideofthedanger.ImaginewhatcouldunfoldifAIdoesdowhathumanswant.“Whathumanswant,”ofcourse,isn’tamonolith.Differentpeoplehavecountlessideasofwhatconstitutes“thegreatergood.”Evenifwecouldgeteveryonetofocusonthewell-beingoftheentirehumanspecies,it’sunlikelywe’dbeabletoagreeonwhatthatmightlooklike.ThatseemstobethereasonthatDeepMindrecentlyfoundedaninternalorganizationfocusedonAIsafetyandpreventingitsmanipulationbybadactors.Butit’snotidealthatwhat’s“bad”isgoingtobedeterminedbyahandfulofindividualsatthisoneparticularcorporation—completewiththeirblindspotsandpersonalandculturalbiases(偏見).Thepotentialproblemgoesbeyondhumansharmingotherhumans.What’s“good”forhumanityhas,manytimesthroughouthistory,comeattheexpenseofothersentient(有知覺力的)beings.Suchisthesituationtoday.IntheUSalone,wehavebillionsofanimalskeptinconfinement,subjectedtocrueltreatment,anddenialoftheirbasicpsychologicalandphysiologicalneedsatanygiventime.Entirespeciesaredominatedandsystemicallybutcheredsothatwecanhaveomelets,burgersandshoes.IfAIdoesexactlywhat“we”wantitto,thatwouldlikelymeanenactingthismasscrueltymoreefficiently,atanevengreaterscaleandwithmoreautomationandfeweropportunitiesforsympathetichumanstostepinandflaganythingparticularlyhorrifying.AbettergoalthanaligningAIwithhumanity’simmediateinterestswouldbewhatIwouldcall“sentientalignment”—AIactinginaccordancewiththeinterestsofallsentientbeings,includinghumans,allotheranimalsand,shoulditexist,sentientAI.Thiswillstrikesomeasaggressive,becausewhat’sgoodforallsentientlifemightnotalwaysagreewithwhat’sgoodforhumankind.Itmightsometimes,evenoften,beinoppositiontowhathumanswantorwhatwouldbebestforthegreatestnumberofus.PeterSinger,aphilosopher,arguedthatanAIsystem’sultimategoalsandprioritiesaremoreimportantthanitbeingalignedwithhumans.“ThequestionisreallywhetherthissuperintelligentAIisgoingtobebenevolentandwanttoproduceabetterworld,”Singersaid,“andevenifwedon’tcontrolit,itstillwillproduceabetterworldinwhichourinterestswillgettakenintoaccount.”I’mwithSingeronthis.Decenteringhumankindtoanyextent,andespeciallytothisextreme,isanideathatwillchallengepeople.Butthat’snecessaryifwe’retopreventourcurrentbelieffromspreadinginnewandawfulways.31.TheauthormentionstheorganizationfoundedbyDeepMindto__________.A.questionasolution B.clarifyabeliefC.illustrateanexample D.explainapractice32.Whichofthefollowingcanbestpresenttheideaof“sentientalignment”?A.AIextendsthesamerightstolivingbeings. B.AIpromotestheinteractionamongspecies.C.AIbenefitsfromthedevelopmentofhumans. D.AImeetsthedemandsofperceptivecreatures.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“benevolent”inParagraph7probablymean?A.Ambitious. B.Generous. C.Resourceful. D.Competitive.34.Theauthor’smajorconcernindevelopingAIisthat__________.A.AIposesathreattotheworld B.society’smoralsareindeclineC.humansprioritizetheirownneeds D.sentientbeingsdeepenculturalbiases第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whilecompliments(贊揚)mayseemsimple,theycanhavealargeimpactonyouandthepeoplearoundyou,creatingarippleofpositivity.However,givingcomplimentsrequiresskillsandknowledge.Mostcomplimentsinourculturefollowaverypredictablepattern.___35___Abouttwo-thirdsofcomplimentsintheUSaremadeusingjustfiveadjectives:nice,good,beautiful,pretty,andgreat.Inaddition,about80%ofcomplimentsfollowthreeformats.SoifIlikedabookyouwroteandwantedtosaysomethingpositiveaboutit,mycomplimentwouldprobablyfollowoneofthesebasicpatterns:“Yourbookisgreat,”“Iloveyourbook,”or“Thatisaterrificbook.”___36___.Forexample,in2011ascholarshowedthatwomeninunstructuredsettingsbothgiveandreceivefarmorecomplimentsthanmen.Aboutthree-quartersofwomen’scomplimentstootherwomeninanunstructured,informalsettinginvolveappearance.Inagoal-oriented,formalsetting,68%ofpraisestatementsareaboutperformance.___37___Whetherthecomplimentiseffectivedependsonwhetheritisbelievable,appropriate,andunqualified.___38___Ifyoutellmemyhairlooksgood,Iwilldismissitandsuspectyourmotives,becauseIhavelittlehair.Moregenerally,peoplewithlowself-esteemdon’tusuallyreceivecomplimentswell.Asresearchershaveshown,inpeoplewithhighself-esteem,acomplimentstimulatespartsofthebrainresponsibleforself-referentialthinking.Thisoccurssignificantlylessforpeoplewhohavelowself-esteem.Evenifacomplimentagreeswithone’sself-conception,scholarsconcluded,itmustmeetthreecriteriatobeacceptedbyitsobject.___39___Itmustbesincere.Anditmustoccurintheappropriatecontext.A.Itmustfollowthebasicpatterns.B.Thepraisemustcomefromapersonwithcredibilitytogiveit.C.Whatwechoosetocomplimentdependsongenderdifferences.D.Agoodcomplimentmustnotconflictwithitsrecipient’sself-conception.E.Ifpeoplehavenegativeviewofaperson,theywouldresisthiscompliments.F.Incontrast,menaremorelikelytocomplimentoneanotheronperformanceinallsettings.G.Theyaregenerallydirectedtowardanotherperson’sappearance,performance,orpossessions.第三部分書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Mygrandfatherwasaneurosurgeonandsculptor.WhenIwasyoung,Irememberhimtryingtoteachmetoshapetheunwieldyclayheusedinhiswork.ButIdidn’thavethepatienceforthefirmclayandquicklygaveup.Now,asaclinicalpsychologist,Iseesomanypeoplewhodon’thavetheabilitytowait,anditisnowonder.Inaworldwhereitispossibletogettheanswertoanyquestioninstantly,whyshouldanyofushavetodealwithdelaysandunknowns?However,learninghowtowaitisgoodforus.Sincemissingmypricelessopportunitytolearn’tosculpt,I’vecometoappreciatethatpsychologicalflexibility—beingopentoandabletotoleratetheuncomfortablethoughtsandfeelingsthatoftenarisewhenwefacedelaysandsetbacks—isanessentialqualitywhenitcomestomentalhealth.Formanyofus,thechallengeisthatbeingpatientnowfeelsharderthaneverbefore.“We’renotgettingthesameopportunitiestopracticewaitingasweusedto,”saysMichelDugas,aprofessor.Waitingpatientlyissodifficultthatweoftenreactbydoingthingsthatactuallymakeusmoreimpatient,likeconstantlycheckingourphonesforupdatesorseekingreassurancefromeveryoneweknow..“Technologycreatesthefalsebeliefthatcertaintyispossible,whichleadstotryingtoattaincertaintyinallsituations,contributingtoworryandanxiety,”saysDugas.Butitispossibletodeveloppatience—theabilitytoregulateyouremotionsinthefaceofdelays,frustration,adversityandsuffering.Inmyownexperience,I’vefoundthatslowingmybreathing,looseningmygripandrelaxingmyfacecanhelpcounterimpatience—forinstance,whenI’msittingintraffic.Whenitcomestomoresignificantsetbacks,IremindmyselfofSalzberg,awriter.“TherearesomanytimesinmylifewhereIthinknothing’shappeningforme,”saysSalzberg.“ThenIlookbackandsay,’Ohhowaboutthat,IwasactuallyplantingaseedthatIcouldn’thaveguessed.’SosometimesIjustremindmyselfthatevenifIdon’tknowwhatitisrightnow,thereisabiggerpicture.”40.Whydoestheauthorthinkpeopledon’thavetheabilitytowait?_____________________________________________________________41.Whathastheauthorcometorealizesincemissinghischancetolearntosculpt?_____________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Technologymakespeoplemoreimpatientbecauseitenablesthemtoattaincertaintyinallsituations._____________________________________________________________43.Howdoyouovercomeimpatienceinlife?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學學生李華。你所在的“科學社”近期要開展一次跨學科綜合實踐活動。請你用英語給在你校國際部學習的好友Jim寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動內(nèi)容；2.發(fā)出邀請。提示詞：跨學科綜合實踐活動interdisciplinarylearningactivity注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.C5.A6.A7.B8.D9.B10.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了10歲的小男孩Drake在爺爺開車時突發(fā)急病的情況下，沉著冷靜地將車安全停靠在路邊并及時撥打911報警，最終使爺爺轉(zhuǎn)危為安的故事。【1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當祖父Hugh突然看起來不太對勁時，他正在與一個同事通話。A.immediately立即；B.finally最后；C.naturally自然地；D.suddenly突然地；根據(jù)下文“somethingwasverywrong”可知下文說的是不太對勁的事，可以推斷出他是突然出現(xiàn)了問題，故選D項。【2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Hugh停止了說話，看起來不太對勁。A.missed錯過；B.forgot忘記；C.stopped停止；D.meant意味著；根據(jù)下文“Drakecalledoutandaskedwhetherhewasallright,butHughwasnolongerconscious”可知德雷克大喊問他是否還好，但休已經(jīng)沒有意識了，可以推斷出祖父是停止了說話，故選C項。【3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Jessica指示她的兒子爬到祖父的膝蓋上，抓住方向盤，把車開到高速公路的緊急停車道上。A.permitted允許；B.instructed指示；C.invited邀請；D.warned警告；根據(jù)下文“climbontohisgrandfather’slap,takeholdofthewheelandpullovertotheshoulderofthehighway”可知下文說的是爬到祖父的膝蓋上，抓住方向盤，把車開到高速公路的緊急停車道上，可以推斷出Jessica是在指示Drake，故選B項。【4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坐在方向盤后面的經(jīng)驗給了他信心去接管他祖父的車輛。A.position位置；B.vision視野；C.experience經(jīng)驗；D.guidance指導(dǎo)；根據(jù)上文“Drakelivesonafarmandhasdrivengolfcarts”可知上文提到Drake曾經(jīng)駕駛過高爾夫球車，可以推斷出是他的經(jīng)驗給了他信心，故選C項。【5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.takeover接管；B.takeoff起飛；C.takeout取出；D.takein吸收；根據(jù)下文“Hepulledoff,called911andtoldtheoperatorwhathadhappenedandwherehewaslocated”可知下文說的是他靠邊停車，撥打了911，并告訴操作員發(fā)生了什么事以及他的位置，可以推斷出他是接管了車輛，故選A項。【6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：警察和救護車迅速到達了現(xiàn)場。A.scene現(xiàn)場；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.farm農(nóng)場；D.shelter避難所；根據(jù)下文“Drakewasrelievedthathelphadarrived”可知下文說的是Drake松了一口氣，救援人員已經(jīng)到達，可以推斷出救援人員到達的是事故現(xiàn)場，故選A項。【7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管Drake松了一口氣，知道救援人員已經(jīng)到達，但他還是有點動搖。A.satisfied滿意的；B.shaky顫抖的；C.confused困惑的；D.proud驕傲的；根據(jù)上文“Idon’twanthimtodie”可知上文說的是Drake不希望爺爺去世，可以推斷出雖然救援力量到達，但是他此時依然感到顫抖，故選B項。【8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他的孫子沒有和他在一起，事情可能會有一個糟糕的轉(zhuǎn)變。A.chance機會；B.role角色；C.view觀點；D.turn轉(zhuǎn)變；根據(jù)上文“Heknowsthathadhisgrandsonnotbeentherewithhim”可知上文說的是他知道如果他的孫子沒有和他在一起的話，可以推斷出如果沒有Drake，情況可能會有一個糟糕的轉(zhuǎn)變，“takeanawfulturn”是固定短語，意為“變得很糟糕”，此處指事情朝著不好的方向變化，符合語境，表達如果沒有孫子在，情況可能就變得糟糕了，故選D項。【9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Drake的父母說他們對他迅速的思考并不感到驚訝。A.inspired啟發(fā)；B.surprised驚訝；C.impressed印象；D.delighted高興；根據(jù)下文“He’sauniquelittleperson”可知下文說的是他真是個小天才，可以推斷出父母對Drake的行為并不感到驚訝，故選B項。【10題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：如果我能在這個確切的情況下依賴世界上任何一位10歲的孩子，那將是他。A.checkon檢查；B.focuson集中；C.reflecton反思；D.counton指望；根據(jù)下文“any10-year-oldintheworldinthatexactsituation”可知下文說的是在那種情況下……任何一位10歲的孩子，可以推斷出此處說的是媽媽認為如果能在這個確切的情況下依賴世界上任何一位10歲的孩子，那將是他的兒子，也就是說她是指望Drake在危急時刻救她，故選D項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】11.watching12.who13.hasled【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了肯尼亞斯特拉斯莫爾大學的學生AndrewKonde受武術(shù)電影啟發(fā)，從小開始學習功夫，后來成為大學武術(shù)俱樂部主席，并在過去兩年里帶領(lǐng)團隊在全國錦標賽中取得勝利的故事。【11題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：肯尼亞斯特拉斯莫爾大學的學生AndrewKonde，小時候看了武術(shù)電影后，受到啟發(fā)開始學習功夫。after為介詞，后接動名詞作賓語。故填watching。【12題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：對Konde來說，最初只是孩子的愛好，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了他的一種生活方式，他現(xiàn)在是大學武術(shù)俱樂部的主席。空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Konde，指人，且從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)從句。故填who。【13題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：通過努力，他在過去兩年里帶領(lǐng)他的團隊在全國錦標賽中取得了勝利。lead(帶領(lǐng))是謂語動詞，與主語he之間是主動關(guān)系，結(jié)合時間狀語“overthepasttwoyears”可知，描述從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況，用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞用has。故填hasled。【答案】14.todeliver15.where16.without17.areattached【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學家們發(fā)明了一種像頭發(fā)一樣細的微型電池，它可以幫助微型機器人進入人體輸送藥物，且不需要外部力量就能工作。【14題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：因為它很小，所以可以幫助微型機器人進入人體輸送藥物。空格處表示目的，用不定式形式作目的狀語。故填todeliver。【15題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：以前這些機器人需要陽光才能工作，這限制了它們能去那里。“theycouldgo”是賓語從句，結(jié)合句意，表示“去那里”，用連接副詞where引導(dǎo)從句，并在從句中作地點狀語。故填where。【16題詳解】考查介詞。句意：這種新電池使它們不需要外部電源就能工作。根據(jù)句意，表示“不需要”外部電源，用介詞without構(gòu)成否定，其意為“不使用，不借助”。故填without。【17題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：目前，這些電池通過電線連接到機器人上，但未來，科學家們希望將電池內(nèi)置到機器人中。attach(連接)是謂語動詞，與主語thesebatteries之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，描述客觀事實用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語batteries是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填areattached。【答案】18.smoother19.items20.incorrectly【導(dǎo)語】本文的體裁是說明文，主要討論了自助結(jié)賬機的優(yōu)點和缺點。【18題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：自助結(jié)賬機旨在為顧客提供更快和更流暢的購物體驗，并消除收銀臺前的長隊。“faster”為形容詞比較級，and連接并列成分，所以此處要用smooth的比較級smoother來修飾“shoppingexperience”，表示自助結(jié)賬機旨在提供比傳統(tǒng)方式更快速、更順暢的購物體驗，符合語境要求，故填smoother。【19題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：許多人喜歡自己掃描和打包他們的商品，并快速完成交易。“their”表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，指代人們的，item是可數(shù)名詞，所以要用復(fù)數(shù)形式items，意味著人們可以掃描并打包自己的多件物品，故填items。【20題詳解】考查副詞。句意：例如，機器可能會凍結(jié)或掃描不正確。此處修飾動詞scan，需用副詞形式。根據(jù)上文“manycustomerscomplainthatself-checkoutcausesmoreproblemsthanitsolves(許多顧客抱怨自助結(jié)賬帶來的問題比它解決的