PAGEPAGE9課本基礎知識點梳理（譯林牛津版）第10講八上Unit3-4基礎知識即時訓練一、易錯單詞1.訂貨 2.顯示器 3.鼠標 4.腦 5.速度 6.公司 7.總額 8.廣告 9.車輪 10.四輪馬車 11.世紀 12.乘客 13.距離 14.翅膀 15.引言 16.比較 17.控制 18.依賴 19.操作 20.出售 21.創造 22.發明 23.開發 24.昂貴的 25.微小的 26.受歡迎的 27.使人舒服的 28.適用的 29.特殊的 30.從……以來 二、詞匯測試i. 從下面每小題的A、B、C三個選項中選出可以替換劃線部分的最佳選項。1.—Whenwastheparkbuilt? —Aboutacenturyago. A.onehundredminutes B.onethousanddays C.onehundredyears2.Germsaresotinythatwecan’tseethem. A.verybig B.verycool C.verysmall3.—Howaboutthispairofshoes? —Itisexpensive. A.small B.big C.dear4.—Whatadvicedoyouhaveforme? —Youneedmoneyandtime,inaddition,youneedhardwork. A.however B.because C.besides5.She’salmost30yearsold. A.nearly B.hardly C.usually6.—Doyouknowhowtooperatethemachine? —Sorry,Idon’tknow. A.make...work B.make...stop C.make...see7.Theredsofainthelivingroomiscomfortable. A.hard B.soft C.big8.Theywereunawareofthedangertheywerein. A.didn’tstop B.didn’trealize C.didn’tsayii. 根據句子意思，從下面每小題的A、B、C三個選項中選出恰當的詞語完成句子。9.A/An______meansthepartthatcomesatthebeginningandtellsyouwhattherestofthebookisabout. A.introduction B.invention C.support10.—Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow? —Well,itall______ontheweather. A.puts B.depends C.controls11.Theexplorersmadeacampfireto______wildanimals. A.keepoff B.keepon C.keepup12.YouthinkstudyingEnglishwellisdifficult,butweknowinterestcanbe______anyway. A.found B.showed C.developed13.—It’sinterestingto______thesetwocars. —Iagreewithyou.Theylookdifterentinsomeways. A.compare B.realize C.promise三、詞組英漢互譯1.workas 2.沒意識到 3.inaddition 4.依靠 5.grandtotal 6.期待 7.sincethen 8.與……保持聯系 9.inthedaytime 10.使……不接近 11.atthesametime 12.代替 13.beshortof 14.數百萬的 四、課文語法填空根據所學課文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當的詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。Thefirstcomputerswerebiggerthancarsin1.________1940s,but2.________(today)computersarebecomingsmallerand3.________(good).Someofthemaresosmallthatwemaybe4.________(aware)ofthem.Wecanusecomputerstocalculate,helptypeanddrawthingsanddo5.________(importance)jobssuchasoperatingrailwaysand6.________(fly)planesandspaceships.Onedaycomputersmaybeable7.________(do)betterjobsthanman,buttheycan’tbeclevererthanman8.________mancancomeupwithnew9.________(idea).However,westillcan’thelpthinking:What10.________(happen)tousifcomputerscandoallourjobs?Willtheymakeourlivesbetter?必考詞匯背記1. comparev.:discoverthedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenthings比較；對比作為一個悲劇作家，他無法和莎士比亞相比。

常用短語compare...with...把……和……相比compare...to...把……比作……2. controln.&v.:makesth.dowhatyouwantittodo操縱；控制Helostcontrolofhiscar.他的車失控了。Idon’tknowhowtocontrolthemachine.我不知道怎樣操作那臺機器。

拓展incontrol(of)掌控著losecontrol失去控制underthecontrolof在……控制之下outofcontrol失去控制3. dependv.:rely;besupportedby依靠；依賴Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.你不能永遠依賴你的父母。Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.萬物生長靠太陽。

常用短語dependon依靠

拓展dependencen.依賴；依靠dependentadj.依靠的；依賴的independentadj.獨立的4. beunawareof:notrealize沒認識到；未察覺Hemaybeunawareofhisrudeness.他可能沒意識到他的粗魯。Shewasunawareofthedanger.她沒有意識到危險。

反義詞組beawareof意識到

拓展awarenessn.意識unawarenessn.沒認識到；未覺察到5. createv.:make創造；創作Godcreatedtheworld.上帝創造了世界。Anovelistcreatescharactersandaplot.小說家塑造人物并設計情節。

拓展creativeadj.有創造力的 creativelyadv.創造地creativityn.創造力 creationn.創造6. developv.:increaseorbecomelargerormorecomplete開發；發展Webelievethatsportscandevelopmindandbody.我們認為運動可促進身心發展。Theydecidedtodevelopanewproduct.他們決定開發一種新產品。

常用短語developingcountry發展中國家developedcountry發達國家

拓展developmentn.發展7. specialadj.:notordinary特殊的；特別的Thislockhasaspecialkey.這個鎖有把特別的鑰匙。Todayisaspecialday.今天是一個特殊的日子。

拓展speciallyadv.特別地；專門地specialistn.專家8.introductionA.n.:sth.thatleadsthemainpartofsth.引言Theintroductiontellsyouhowtousethebook.引言告訴你怎樣使用這本書。B.n.:formalpresentationofonepersontoanother介紹；引見Hegiveusabriefintroductionabouthiscompany.他向我們簡要介紹了一下他的公司。

拓展introducev.介紹Youcanintroducehertoyournewfriends.你可以把她介紹給你的新朋友。9. insteadof:inplaceof代替；頂替WewenttotheBiologyclassinsteadofattendingtheEnglishclass.我們去上生物課而不去上英語課。

辨析instead,insteadofinstead是副詞，側重指“取而代之”，往往位于句子開頭或句末。如：Givemethisinstead.insteadof是介詞詞組，意為“代替；而不是”，其后跟名詞、代詞、v.+ing形式或介詞短語。如：Manyyoungpeoplelikepopsongsinsteadoffolksongs.許多年輕人喜歡流行音樂而不是民歌。10. keepintouchwith:beincontactwithsb.與……保持聯系Wekeepintouchwitheachotherbye-mail.我們通過電子郵件保持聯系。DoyoustillkeepintouchwithTom?你還和湯姆保持聯系嗎？

同義詞組communicatewith與……聯系

拓展keep...off使……不接近 keepupwith跟上keepawayfrom遠離 keepquiet保持安靜keephealthy保持健康 keeptherecord保持紀錄寫作句型運用1.

例句Ononehand,itbringsusalotofconvenienceandhappiness.Ontheotherhand,italsobringsustroubles.一方面，它帶給我們許多便利和快樂；另一方面，它也帶給我們麻煩。

用法ononehand...,ontheotherhand...一般是用于提出兩個相反的事物和看法，也用于對比不同的事物。

運用她一方面教英語，另一方面學習漢語。（漢譯英）_______________________________________________2.however然而；但是

例句However,somestudentsplaygames,chatwithfriends,andevensurftheunhealthywebsitesontheInternetthewholeday.然而，一些學生一整天都在網上玩游戲，和朋友聊天，甚至瀏覽不健康的網站。

用法however副詞，表示轉折，通常用逗號與句子其他成分隔開。

運用我們都已盡了最大的努力，然而我們還是輸了比賽。（漢譯英）_______________________________________________寫作模板狂背類型：科學與技術典例：互聯網的利弊模板：Internetisnowcomingintoourlife.Ononehand,itbringsusalotofconvenienceandhappiness.Ontheotherhand,italsobringsustroubles.SomestudentsusetheInternetasatooltostudy.Theylookupthemeaningsofthewords,thebackgroundofaneventorastory,etc.Internethelpsthemlearnmoreandstudywell.However,somestudentsplaygames,chatwithfriends,andevensurftheunhealthywebsitesontheInternetthewholeday.Theyarenotinterestedintheirsubjects.It’sverydangerousforthem!Inmyopinion,weshouldmakegooduseoftheInternetandstayawayfromtheunhealthywebsites.[真題鏈接]11.Mysisterisoldenoughtodress______now.（2021年長沙市中考）A.himself B.herself C.myself2.Itonly_______mehalfanhour_______toschooleverydaylastterm.（2021甘肅白銀）A.takes;ridingB.spent;torideC.cost;walkD.took;towalk3.Don’tforget______thankswhenotherpeoplehelpyou.（2021年河北省中考）A.accept B.toaccept C.say D.tosay[真題鏈接]21.Wearehappytoseeourcityisdeveloping________theseyearsthanbefore.（2021年臨沂市中考）A.quickly B.themostquicklyC.veryquickly D.morequickly2.Airpollutionhasbecome__________thaneverbefore.Wemustdosomethingtostopit.（2021年上海市中考）A.serious B.moreseriousC.mostserious D.themostserious3.MoYanisoneof_____writersintheworld.（2021年天津市中考）A.famousB.morefamousC.mostfamousD.themostfamous[真題鏈接]31.（2021年黃岡中考）－Putsomebutteronasliceofbreadandaddateaspoonofbutter.Whatelse?－Next,______sometomatoes.A.cutupB.cutsupC.tocutupD.cuttingup2.Tom’smothertoldhim_______eatingtoomuchmeat.（2021黔西南州中考）A.stoppingB.tostopC.stopsD.stopped3.—Howdoyoulikethetwopairsofshorts?(2021年山東省濱州市中考）—Theydon’tfitmewell.Theyaretoolongtooshort.A.notonly;butalsoB.both;andC.neither;norD.either;or第十講?基礎知識即時訓練答案一、1.order2.monitor3.mouse4.brain5.speed6.company7.total8.advertisement9.wheel10.carriage11.century12.passenger13.distance14.wing15.introduction16.compare17.control18.depend19.operate20.sell21.create22.invent23.develop24.expensive25.tiny26.popular27.comfortable28.practical29.special30.since二、i.CCCCAABBii.ABACA三、1.從事……工作2.beunawareof3.除……之外（還）4.dependon5.總計；共計6.lookforwardto7.自從那以來8.keepintouchwith9.在白天10.keep...off11.同時12.insteadof13.缺乏……14.millionsof四、1.the2.today’s3.better4.unaware5.important6.flying7.todo8.because9.ideas10.willhappen寫作句型運用1.Ontheonehand,sheteachesEngli