2020—2021學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期中檢測(cè)高一英語(yǔ)試題本試卷分第I卷和第1I卷兩部分，共12頁(yè)。滿(mǎn)分150分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。考試結(jié)束后，將第II卷答題卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、座號(hào)、考生號(hào)、縣區(qū)和科類(lèi)填寫(xiě)在答題卡和第II卷答題卷規(guī)定的位置上。2.第I卷每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.第II卷答題卷必須用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卷各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)的位置，不能寫(xiě)在試卷上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、膠帶紙、修正帶。不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。第I卷(共87.5分)第一分部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】What'stheman'ssuggestion?A.Keepingthereservation.B.Continuingwaitinghere.C.Goingtoanotherrestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’msorryformakingyouwaitforsolong,buttherestillaren’tanyemptytables.Ithinkyoushouldtryanotherrestaurantifyouaretiredofwaiting.W:Yeah,Ithinkthatwouldbeagoodidea.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatwillPeterdofirst?A.Gohome. B.Dohishomework. C.Buysomecandy.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Peter,let’sgo.Iwanttobuysomecandyatthestorebeforeitcloses.M:Ican’tgowithyoutoday.Ihavetofinishmyhomeworkhere.Myparentsareworkingovertime,andIdidn’ttakemyhousekeys.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatdoesthewomanaskMiketodo?A.Brushhisteeth. B.Savewater. C.Drinksomewater.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mike,don’twastewaterlikethat.Ifyouleavethewaterrunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth,you’llwastealotofwater.Besides,waterismoreexpensivethanbefore.M:Sorry,Mom.Ididn’tmeanto.Ijustforgottoturnoffthetap.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whydoesthemanseeminlowspirits?A.Hehasbeensickthisweek.B.Hemissedhisfavoritemovies.C.Hegotlittlesleepthesedays.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Seemslikeyou’reinlowspirits.What’swrong?M:Nothing.I’mjustsleepy.I’vebeenstayinguplatewatchingmovieseverynightthisweek.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Theman'shealth.B.Theman'scookingskill.C.Theman'ssafetyinMexico.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Youwillbeawayforalongtime.Ican’thelpbeingworried.Dowatchthefoodyoutakeandtakecare.M:YouknowIlikeMexicanfood.W:Yeah,butitdoesnotlikeyou.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Hehasabackache.B.Hetooktoomanypills.C.Helostcontactwithhisdoctor.7.WhydoesDoctorGreenbreaktherulefortheman?A.Heisverypolite.B.Heisseriouslyill.C.Hecan'taffordafullcheckup.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】W:Sorryaboutthewait.I’mDoctorGreen.M:Howdoyoudo?W:Hi.Iseethatyou’reexperiencingsomebackpain.M:Yes,Iam.Mydoctor’sawayonvacation.Healwaysgivesmethistoreducemypain,butI’verunoutofmypills.Iwonderif,uh,youmightbeabletogivemesome.W:Youreallyshouldhaveathoroughcheckup,butyou’rethemostpolitepatientI’veseenallweek,soI’llbreaktheruleforyou.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman'sclassmate. B.Annie'ssister. C.Annie'sroommate.9.WhatdoesthemanwanttotellAnnie?AHisnewaddress. B.Hotelinformation. C.Hisvisit.10.HowcanAnniegetintouchwiththeman?A.GotoRoom668,theTerminalHotel.B.Dialthephonenumber4934975.C.Sendhimanurgentmessage.【答案】8.C9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,isthatAnnie?W:No,I’moneofherroommates.She’sout,youknow,shopping.M:Whenwillshebeback,doyouthink?W:Oh,Idon’tknow.Hangonamoment.Imeanwhowantsher?M:I’mafriendofhers.Look,wouldyoubesokindtogiveheramessage?W:HangonwhileIgetapen…OK.What’sthemessage?M:MynameisKrisSchuster,Room688,theTerminalHotel,Washington.I’llgotoseehernextweek.W:Doessheknowyourphonenumber?M:It’s4934975.Youwon’tforgettotellherit’surgent,willyou?W:Don’tworry.I’lltellher.M:Thanks.Bye-bye.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodotoday?A.Attendaparty. B.Studytogether. C.Seeafilm.12.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At4:15. B.At4:30. C.At4:45.13.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atthebookstore. B.Attheschoolgate. C.Atanice－creamshop.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:It’sJane’sbirthdaytoday.Wearegoingtothecinemaafterschool.Wanttogo?M:Afterschool?Ihavegottostudyforthemathtesttomorrow.W:Don’tworry.Thetestwillbeeasy.M:Well,Idon’tknow.Whenwillthefilmstart?W:At4:45.M:IthinkI’llstaybackinschoolanddosomereviewfirst,thenIwilljoinyou.W:OK.We’llgettheticketsfirst.YoumeetusatKristy’sCorneraquarterearlierbeforethefilmstarts.We’llbehavingsomeice-creamtherebeforethefilmstarts.M:OK.ButIstillwanttogotothebookstorebeforethefilmstarts.ThereisasaleandI’dliketogetabook.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemando?A.Apoliceman. B.Afirefighter. C.Areporter.15.Howmanykidsdiedfromthefire?A.2. B.5. C.28.16.Wheredidtheboythrowthecigaretteend?A.Onthecarpet. B.Onthesofa. C.Onthetable.17.Whywastheboyabletotouchthecigaretteend?A.Hisfatheraskedhimtothrowit.B.Hisfatherwasdrunkandsleeping.C.Hisfatherlefthimaloneathome.【答案】14.C15.A16.A17.B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoufinishedthereportonprivateschools?M:Notyet.Youknow,Ihavetwootherarticlestowriteandtheeditorhasjustsentmeouttoreportonthebigfire.Ihavegottogoslow.W:Yeah.Speakingofthebigfire,I’dliketoknowtheexactnumberofvictims.M:Unfortunately,5peopledied.28peoplearestillinhospital.Amongthedead,2arechildren.W:Oh…Poorkids!Didn’ttheycallthefirefighterstohelp?M:I’mnotsureaboutthat.Theymayhavetriedtoputoutthefire,butitwasimpossibletocontrolit.Withthehelpofthefirefighters,thefirewasfinallybroughtundercontrol,buthadstillcausedgreatdamage.W:I’mwonderingwhatcausedthefire.M:Itwasacigaretteendthatburntthecarpetupwhenamanwassleepingsoundlyonthesofa.Hissonwasplayingwithhiscigaretteendbythetable.Hethrewthecigaretteendonthecarpet.W:Howcouldakidgetthecigarette!M:Thatisthepoint.Themanwasdrunkandhediedinhisdream.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】18.Howcanfrozenfoodbekeptcoldatordinarytemperatures?A.Byusingbags. B.Byusingwater. C.Byusingpaper.19.Whatisadvisedtodowhencamping?A.Keepmilkinacoolerbox.B.Nevercookmeatoreggs.C.Usespecialdryfoods.20.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtopickupfreshfood.B.Howtoeathealthilyindifferentweather.C.Howtokeepfoodfromgoingbadinsummer.【答案】18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】W:Duringthesummeryoushouldbeevenmorecarefulthanusualbecausefoodgoesbadfasterinhotweatherthanincoldweather.Whenyoubuyfrozenandrefrigeratedfoods,don’tmakelongstopsonyourwayhomebecausefrozenfoodscouldbecomesoftorwarm.Usingbagshelpskeepfoodcolduntilyoucangethome.Milkandmilkproductsshouldberefrigeratedimmediately.Whencampingorpicnickingoratanytimewhenrefrigerationcan’tbemadeuseof,usespecialdryfoods.Don’tleavefoodinahotcar.Picnicfavoriteslikemeat,chickenandeggsshouldbekeptinacoolerbox.Aboveall,ifthefooddoesn’tseemtobenormalinsmellorappearance,throwitawayimmediately.Don’ttasteit.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分42.5分）第一節(jié)（共12小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ASurvivalandrescuestoriesfromthedeadlycrashofTransAsiaAirwaysFlight235inTaiwanareinspiringaswellasexciting.Theyraisethequestion:Whydosomepassengerssurviveplanecrasheswhileotherssadlydon't?Someofthesurvivalgamesinvolvefactorspassengerslargelycan'tcontrol,liketheweather,flightcrewskills,thedesignofairlineseatsandtheconstruction,maintenance(維修)andtheageoftheplane.Butpassengersthemselvescandoalottoimprovetheirchancesofsurvivalsimplybymakingsmartchoicesandbeinginformed.Hereareafewideastokeepinmind:*Seatchoice.Expertsdiffer.Haveyouheardofthe“five-rowrule”?Thisreferstotheideathatifyou'resittingwithinfiverowsofanemergencyexit,youhaveastatistically(統(tǒng)計(jì)地)betterchanceofsurvivingacrash.*Listentothesafetytalk.Yeah,it'sboring.Butitcouldsaveyourlife!Thepresentation－byvideoorbyflightattendants－explainingwhattodoincasetheplanegoesdown,offerskeyinformationlike:HowdoIgetout?*Readthesafetycard.Doyouknowthatsafetycardinthepocketoftheseatinfrontofyou?Thinkofitasamapleadingyoutowardsurvival.Readit.Itshowshowtheplaneyou'reonwillbeevacuated(撤離).*Beawareoftheexits.Planyourescape.Visualizehowyou－andperhapschildrenyou'retravelingwith－aregoingtogetoutoftheplane.*Movequickly.Youhave90secondstogetoutoftheplaneafteracrash.Manypassengersinplanecrashessurvivetheinitialimpact.It'swhathappensnextthatoftenkillsthem.Thisincludesfire,smokeandsometimeswater.Sherwoodadvisesusing90secondsasatimeframeforescaping.21.Atthebeginningofthepassage,thecrashofTransAsiaAirwaysismentioned________.A.toshareastory B.tointroducethetopicC.tointroduceaflight D.tocriticizethepassengers22.Ofthefollowingthings,passengerscancontrol________.A.theweather B.flightcrewskillsC.theageoftheplane D.makingchoicesoftheseat23.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Youshouldreadtheboringsafetycardonthedeskinfrontofyou.B.You'dbettersitwithinsevenrowsofanemergencyexit.C.Youshoulddesignyourescapewayinadvance.D.Youshouldwaitamomentafteracrash.24.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassagemostprobablyis________.A.toofferussometipsonhowtosurviveanair-crashB.toofferussometipsonhowtoenjoyanairjourneyC.toinformusofmajorservicesontheplaneD.toinformusofthedangeroftakingplanes【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在發(fā)生空難事故時(shí)，一些有助于提高乘客自身存活率的建議。【21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“SurvivalandrescuestoriesfromthedeadlycrashofTransAsiaAirwaysFlight235inTaiwanareinspiringaswellasexciting.Theyraisethequestion:Whydosomepassengerssurviveplanecrasheswhileotherssadlydon't?”（復(fù)興航空235號(hào)航班在臺(tái)灣的致命墜機(jī)事件中的生存和救援故事既鼓舞人心又令人振奮。它們提出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題：為什么有些乘客能在飛機(jī)失事后幸存下來(lái)，而不幸地是另一些人卻不能？）以及第三段中“Butpassengersthemselvescandoalottoimprovetheirchancesofsurvivalsimplybymakingsmartchoicesandbeinginformed.”（但只要乘客做出明智的選擇并得到信息，他們自己就能大大提高生存幾率。）再結(jié)合下文提到了一些有助于乘客提高存活率的建議，可知，在文章開(kāi)頭提到復(fù)興航空公司的墜機(jī)事件是為了引入文章的主題。故選B。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Seatchoice.Expertsdiffer.Haveyouheardofthe“five-rowrule”?Thisreferstotheideathatifyou'resittingwithinfiverowsofanemergencyexit,youhaveastatistically(統(tǒng)計(jì)地)betterchanceofsurvivingacrash.”（座位的選擇。專(zhuān)家眾說(shuō)紛壇。你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)“五排規(guī)則”嗎？這是指如果你坐在離緊急出口5排以?xún)?nèi)的位置，從統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上講，你在空難中生存幾率更大。）可知，乘客可以控制的是座位的選擇。故選D。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Beawareoftheexits.Planyourescape.Visualizehowyou－andperhapschildrenyou'retravelingwith－aregoingtogetoutoftheplane.”（留意出口位置。計(jì)劃你的逃生路線(xiàn)。想象你或者可能是跟你一起出游的的孩子如何逃出這架飛機(jī)。）可知，要提前計(jì)劃逃生路線(xiàn)；C選項(xiàng)“Youshoulddesignyourescapewayinadvance(你應(yīng)該提前設(shè)計(jì)你的逃生路線(xiàn))”正確。故選C。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Butpassengersthemselvescandoalottoimprovetheirchancesofsurvivalsimplybymakingsmartchoicesandbeinginformed.”（但只要乘客做出明智的選擇并得到信息，他們自己就能大大提高生存幾率。）以及“Hereareafewideastokeepinmind”（下面是一些需要記住的建議）再結(jié)合文章主要介紹了在發(fā)生空難時(shí)，一些有助于提高乘客自身存活率的建議。由此可知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的很可能是為我們提供一些在空難中幸存的建議。故選A。BKingTut,Egypt'sfamousboyking,wasburiedwithmanyvaluableobjects.Adaggerdiscoveredinhistombhasrecentlyattractedextraattention.Researchershaveconcludedthatthedaggerwasprobablymadefromaspecialmaterial.KingTutwasonlyaboutnineyearsoldwhenhebecamerulerofEgyptmorethan3,300yearsago.Theyoungkingdiedwhenhewasjust19.Hisbodywasburiedinatombfilledwithobjectsthatpeoplebelievedhewouldneedintheafterlife.In1922,HowardCarterdiscoveredTut'stombintheValleyoftheKingsinEgypt.Uptonow,itwasthebestpreservedancientEgyptiantombeverfound.In1925,Carterfoundthedaggerwhichhasagoldhandleandanironblade.ThebladehadconfusedexpertsbecauseironwashardlyusedatthattimeinancientEgypt.Infact,itwassorarethatitwasconsideredmorevaluablethangold.Wheredidtheironforthebladecomefrom?AroundthetimeofKingTut,ancientEgyptiansstartedusinganewwordforironthattranslatesas“ironfromthesky”Thisledsomeexpertstobelievethattheironforthebladecamefromameteorite.Butstudiesofthedaggercarriedoutinthe1970sand1990sdidn'tsupportthatidea.That'swheremoderntechnologycomesin.Researchersusedanewtechniquetoexaminetheblade.Theydiscoveredthatitwasmadeupofironandothermaterialsfoundinmeteorites.Aftercomparingittoseveralmeteorites,theyevenfounditspossiblematch—ameteoritethatlandedinnorthernEgyptthousandsofyearsago.ScientistshopethenewstudywillleadtomorediscoveriesaboutotherancientEgyptianrelics,“ItwouldbeveryinterestingtoanalyzemorePre-ironAgeobjectsandwecouldgainpreciousdiscoveries.”DanielaComelli,whoisaprofessor,said.25.HowmanyyearsdidKingTutgovernEgypt?A.9. B.10. C.19. D.2926.WhatdoweknowaboutTut'stomb?A.Itwasbuiltwhenhewas9. B.Ithasalotofironobjectsinit.C.Itwasthefirsttombtobefound. D.Itwasperfectlykeptwhendiscovered.27Scientistspaidextraattentiontothedaggerbecause________.A.itsbladeismadeofiron B.itisKingTut'sfavoriteobjectC.itwasmorevaluablethangold D.itleadstomorediscoveries28.Theresearchersusedmoderntechnologytoshow________.A.ironiswidelyusedinancientEgypt. B.ancientEgyptianobjectsareexcellent.C.Tut'sdaggerwaslikelymadefromameteorite. D.morevaluableobjectsarehiddeninthetombs.【答案】25.B26.D27.A28.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。在圖坦卡蒙的陵墓里發(fā)現(xiàn)的一把匕首最近吸引了專(zhuān)家們的注意，通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這把匕首很可能是由隕石制成的。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“KingTutwasonlyaboutnineyearsoldwhenhebecamerulerofEgyptmorethan3,300yearsago.Theyoungkingdiedwhenhewasjust19.(3300多年前，圖坦卡蒙國(guó)王成為埃及的統(tǒng)治者時(shí)只有9歲。年輕的國(guó)王去世時(shí)才19歲)”可知，圖坦卡蒙王統(tǒng)治埃及19-9=10年。故選B。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Uptonow,itwasthebestpreservedancientEgyptiantombeverfound.(到目前為止，它是迄今為止發(fā)現(xiàn)的保存最好的古埃及古墓)”可知，圖坦卡蒙的陵墓被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)保存得非常完好。故選D。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“In1925,Carterfoundthedaggerwhichhasagoldhandleandanironblade.ThebladehadconfusedexpertsbecauseironwashardlyusedatthattimeinancientEgypt.Infact,itwassorarethatitwasconsideredmorevaluablethangold.Wheredidtheironforthebladecomefrom?(1925年，卡特發(fā)現(xiàn)了這把劍，劍柄是金的，刀刃是鐵的。這種刀刃讓專(zhuān)家們感到困惑，因?yàn)樵诠虐＜暗哪莻€(gè)時(shí)候幾乎不使用鐵。事實(shí)上，它是如此罕見(jiàn)，以至于人們認(rèn)為它比黃金還珍貴。刀刃的鐵是從哪里來(lái)的？)”可知，科學(xué)家特別注意這把匕首是因?yàn)樗牡度惺氰F做的。故選A。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“That'swheremoderntechnologycomesin.Researchersusedanewtechniquetoexaminetheblade.Theydiscoveredthatitwasmadeupofironandothermaterialsfoundinmeteorites.Aftercomparingittoseveralmeteorites,theyevenfounditspossiblematch—ameteoritethatlandedinnorthernEgyptthousandsofyearsago.(這就是現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的用武之地。研究人員使用了一種新技術(shù)來(lái)檢查刀片。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)它是由鐵和隕石中發(fā)現(xiàn)的其他物質(zhì)組成的。在將它與幾塊隕石進(jìn)行比較后，他們甚至發(fā)現(xiàn)了它可能的匹配物——一顆數(shù)千年前降落在埃及北部的隕石)”可知，研究人員用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)來(lái)證明圖坦卡蒙的匕首可能是由隕石制成的。故選C。CHoneybeescan'tswim,andwhentheirwingsarewet,theycan'tfly,either.ButChrisRohandotherresearchersattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyfoundthatwhenbeesdropintobodiesofwater,theycanusetheirwingstoproducelittlewavesandslidetowardland-likesurferswhocreateandthenridetheirownwaves.Aswithmanyscientificadvances－IsaacNewton'sappleorBenjaminFranklin'slightningbolt－Dr.Roh'sexperimentbeganwithawalk.PassingCaltech'sMillikanPondin2016,heobservedabeeonthewater'ssurfaceproducingwaves.Hewonderedhowaninsectknownforflightcouldpushitselfthroughwater.Dr.Rohandhisco-worker,MortezaGharib,usedbutterflynetstocollectlocalPasadenahoneybeesandobservedtheirsurf-likemovements.Theresearchersusedawiretorestricteachbee'sbodilymovement,allowingcloseexaminationoftheirwings.Theyfoundthatthebeebendsitswingsata30-degreeangle,pullingupwaterandproducingaforwardforce.Beesgettrappedonthesurfacebecausewaterisaboutthreetimesheavierthanair.Butthatweighthelpstopushthebeeforwardwhenitswingsmovequicklyupanddown.It'satoughexerciseforthebees,whichtheresearchersguesscouldhandleabout10minutesoftheactivity.Theresearcherssaidthesurf-likemovementhasn'tbeendocumentedinotherinsectsandmostsemiaquatic(半水生)insectsusetheirlegsforpropulsion(推進(jìn)力),whichisknownaswater-walking.Itmayhaveevolvedinbees,theypredicted.Dr.RohandDr.Gharibhaveimaginedmanypracticalapplicationsforbees'surfing.Oneplanistousetheirobservationstodesignrobotsabletotravelacrossskyandsea.“Thiscouldbeusefulforsearchandrescues,orforgettingsamplesofthesurfaceoftheocean,ifyoucan'tsendaboatorhelicopter,”Dr.Gharibsaid.29.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbyreferringtoNewtonandFranklin?A.Roh'sadmirationforthem.B.Roh'schancediscoveryaboutbees.C.Theiroutstandingtalentforscience.D.Theirsimilarachievementsindiscovery.30.Whatplaysthemostimportantroleinabee'smovingforwardonwater?A.Theairweight. B.Thebee'sweight.C.Thewatersurface. D.Thebee'scontinuouswingbeat.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evolved”inParagraph4mean?A.Changedquickly. B.Developedgradually.C.Becamebetter. D.Becameworse.32.WhatcanRoh'srobotdoaccordingtothepassage?A.Itcansearchwildanimalsintheforestfire.B.Itcantravelacrossskywiththeaidofhelicopter.C.Itcangetsamplesofthesurfaceoftheoceanbyitself.D.Itcanrescuesurvivorsfromundergroundafterearthquake.【答案】29.B30.D31.B32.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)蜜蜂掉進(jìn)水里時(shí)，它們可以用翅膀產(chǎn)生小波浪，然后像會(huì)創(chuàng)造并駕馭自己的波浪的沖浪者一樣滑向陸地。文章主要介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的開(kāi)展過(guò)程以及蜜蜂沖浪行為可以帶來(lái)的一些實(shí)際應(yīng)用。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Aswithmanyscientificadvances－IsaacNewton'sappleorBenjaminFranklin'slightningbolt－Dr.Roh'sexperimentbeganwithawalk.PassingCaltech'sMillikanPondin2016,heobservedabeeonthewater'ssurfaceproducingwaves.Hewonderedhowaninsectknownforflightcouldpushitselfthroughwater.（正如許多科學(xué)進(jìn)步一樣，艾薩克·牛頓的蘋(píng)果或本杰明·富蘭克林的閃電。盧武鉉的實(shí)驗(yàn)從散步開(kāi)始。2016年，經(jīng)過(guò)加州理工學(xué)院的米利坎池塘?xí)r，他觀察到一只蜜蜂在水面上產(chǎn)生波浪。他想知道一種以飛行著稱(chēng)的昆蟲(chóng)是如何在水中前進(jìn)的）”可知，作者提及牛頓和富蘭克林是想表明Roh關(guān)于蜜蜂的偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Butthatweighthelpstopushthebeeforwardwhenitswingsmovequicklyupanddown.（但當(dāng)蜜蜂的翅膀快速上下移動(dòng)時(shí)，這種重量有助于推動(dòng)蜜蜂向前）”。可知，蜜蜂在水中前進(jìn)的過(guò)程中持續(xù)拍打翅膀起著重要的作用。故選D。【31題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theresearcherssaidthesurf-likemovementhasn'tbeendocumentedinotherinsectsandmostsemiaquatic(半水生)insectsusetheirlegsforpropulsion(推進(jìn)力),whichisknownaswater-walking.（研究人員說(shuō)，在其他昆蟲(chóng)身上還沒(méi)有記錄到類(lèi)似沖浪的運(yùn)動(dòng)，大多數(shù)半水生昆蟲(chóng)用腿來(lái)推進(jìn)，這被稱(chēng)為水上行走）”和“theypredicted（他們預(yù)測(cè)）”以及第五段第一句“Dr.RohandDr.Gharibhaveimaginedmanypracticalapplicationsforbees'surfing.（盧博士和加里布博士設(shè)想了蜜蜂沖浪的許多實(shí)際應(yīng)用）”由此可知，蜜蜂在進(jìn)化，所以劃線(xiàn)詞的意思是“進(jìn)化，逐漸發(fā)展”。故選B。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thiscouldbeusefulforsearchandrescues,orforgettingsamplesofthesurfaceoftheocean,ifyoucan'tsendaboatorhelicopter（如果你不能派出船只或直升機(jī)，這對(duì)于搜救或獲取海洋表面的樣本可能會(huì)很有用）”，可知，Roh的機(jī)器人可以自己獲取海洋表面的樣本。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyousometimesgetstuckondecisionmaking?Whileit'sgreattohaveoptions,thereisahiddenburden:theresponsibilityofactuallymakingachoice!Thetoggletechniqueisgoodforimportantdecisionswhereyoufeelstuckbetweentwochoices.You'vethoughtaboutbothoptionscarefully,butyou'restillunsure.___33___Here'show:?Getcentered.Findaquietspaceanddoacoupleofdeepbreathstowarmup.___34___.?Divein.Imaginethatyou'vetotallycommittedtooneofyourchoice—we'llcallthatchoiceOptionA.Forabout30seconds,silentlypretendthatyou'vedecidedtochooseOptionA.___35___Forexample,doyoufeelasinkinginyourstomachorapositive,energizedfeelingthat'smorelikebutterfliesinyourstomach??___36___OnceyouhaveexploredhowOptionAfeels,mentallytoggleovertoOptionBandpretendforapproximatelythirtysecondsthatyou'vechosenthisoption.Noticehowitfeelsemotionally,andnoticeifyouhaveanybody-feltreactions.Forexample,doyoufeelawarmupliftedfeelinginyourchestorasenseoftighteninginyourchest??Gowithyourgut.___37___Andgiveyourselfpermissiontochoosetheonethatreallyfeltbestonanemotionalandbody-feltlevel.Manytimes,clientsinmypracticewhoarestrugglingwithanimportantchoicearesurprisedtoseehowmucheasieritistochoosewhentheyallowthemselvestoseehowtheyactuallyfeelaboutthechoices.A.Makeaswitch.B.Noticehowitfeelsinyourbody.C.Closeyoureyestoblockoutdistractions.D.Comparehowitfelttochooseeachoption.E.Talkchoicesoverwithtrustedsourcesofsupport.F.Sometimesour"gutfeeling"helpsmakethebestchoice.G.Thetoggletechniqueisnotareplacementfordoingapros/conslist.【答案】33.F34.C35.B36.A37.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文給我們講述了當(dāng)我們進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)決策時(shí)，有時(shí)難免陷入進(jìn)退兩難的困局。這時(shí)可以用一種切換技術(shù)，比較在情感和身體感受的層面上，哪種選擇的真實(shí)感覺(jué)最好，從而更容易作出最佳決策。【33題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Doyousometimesgetstuckondecisionmaking?Whileit'sgreattohaveoptions,thereisahiddenburden:theresponsibilityofactuallymakingachoice!Thetoggletechniqueisgoodforimportantdecisionswhereyoufeelstuckbetweentwochoices.You'vethoughtaboutbothoptionscarefully,butyou'restillunsure.(你是否有時(shí)會(huì)在做決定時(shí)陷入困境？雖然有選擇是件好事，但也隱藏著一種負(fù)擔(dān)：真正做出選擇的責(zé)任！切換技術(shù)對(duì)于你在兩個(gè)選擇之間感到為難的重要決定很有用。這兩種選擇你都仔細(xì)考慮過(guò)了，但還是不確定)”可知，上文提到了仔細(xì)考慮過(guò)兩種選擇還是不確定，結(jié)合后文介紹了如何通過(guò)直覺(jué)來(lái)做出最好的選擇，故F選項(xiàng)“有時(shí)候我們的‘直覺(jué)’會(huì)幫助我們做出最好的選擇”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。【34題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Getcentered.Findaquietspaceanddoacoupleofdeepbreathtowarmup.(集中注意力。找一個(gè)寧?kù)o的地方，做幾下深呼吸，調(diào)整一下情緒)”可知，上文提到集中注意力的過(guò)程，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)說(shuō)明排除外界干擾，集中注意力的過(guò)程。故C選項(xiàng)“閉上眼睛以阻擋干擾”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。【35題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Forabout30seconds,silentlypretendthatyou'vedecidedtochooseOptionA.(用約30秒時(shí)間，默默地假定你已經(jīng)決定選擇A)”以及后文“Forexample,doyoufeelasinkinginyourstomachorapositive,energizedfeelingthat'smorelikebutterfliesinyourstomach?(例如，你會(huì)覺(jué)得精神沮喪或者有沒(méi)有一種積極的能量感，更像緊張不安那樣的感覺(jué)？)”可知，后文提到了“精神沮喪”以及“緊張不安”這兩種感覺(jué)，可推測(cè)本句是在建議注意自己內(nèi)心的感覺(jué)。B選項(xiàng)中it指代上文OptionA。故B選項(xiàng)“注意它在你身體里的感覺(jué)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。【36題詳解】根據(jù)后文“OnceyouhaveexploredhowOptionAfeels,mentallytoggleovertoOptionBandpretendforapproximatelythirtysecondsthatyou'vechosenthisoption.(一旦你已經(jīng)仔細(xì)研究了選擇A的感覺(jué)，內(nèi)心切換到選擇B。花大約30秒時(shí)間假定你已經(jīng)決定選擇它)”可知，本句位于段首，統(tǒng)率全段，后文提到從選擇A切換到選擇B，可以推測(cè)，這一句的意思是從選擇A切換到選擇B。故A選項(xiàng)“轉(zhuǎn)換一下”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。【37題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Gowithyourgut.(跟著你的直覺(jué)走)”以及后文“Andgiveyourselfpermissiontochoosetheonethatreallyfeltbestonanemotionalandbody-feltlevel.(允許自己選擇一個(gè)在情感和身體感受的層面上真正感覺(jué)最好的選擇)”可知，本段主要是建議跟著直覺(jué)走，且后文提到了在情感和身體感受的層面上選擇真正感覺(jué)最好的選擇，可推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明先比較每種選擇，再做出選項(xiàng)，后文中one指代上文eachoption。故D選項(xiàng)“比較選擇每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)時(shí)的感覺(jué)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Gradyhadasurpriseencounterinthecampingsite.“Thisisgoingtobeanotherreallylongweek,”hesaidtonoone___38___,sighing.Helookedaroundatthecampground.Hundredsoftalltrees___39___themountainside,likeabeautifulgreencarpet.Thesunwouldbesettingsoon.Evenuphereinthe___40___,thehotairofJulycouldstillbeannoying.Gradyhatedcamping,butitwassomethinghisfamilyinsistedonevery___41___.Hisfatherlikedcookingoveranopenfire,tellingstoriesabouthowto___42___thingslikebearattacksandbeebites.HismotherandyoungerbrotherJaredlikedtohikeandtake___43___ofanimals.Jaredhadacollectionofbugpicturesandhepinnedthemtothe___44___inhishalfoftheirroom,bugsonleaves,bugsontrees,bugsmovingindirt.GradythoughtitwasnotquitenormalandregardedJaredasa___45___kid.They___46___camp－twotentsoneforhisparentsandoneforhimselfandJared.Whileeveryoneelsestartedpreparingdinner,Gradyset___47___forthenearbystreamwhichwasdeepenoughtoswimin,lookingforsomeplacetocooldown.Ashe___48___thestream,somethingcaughthiseyes.Therewasa(n)___49___blackbabybear,nomorethantwofeettallwithalovelyface.Itwasplaying___50___atthewater'sedge,payingnoattentiontoitssurroundings.Gradymovedclosertogeta___51___look.ThenGradyheardasoundbehindhim.Hesuddenlyrememberedhisfatheroncesayingthatbabybearwouldneverbe___52___.Thenhelookedupandsawthemotherbearmovingtowardshim……Whatasurpriseencounter!38.A.inadvance B.inbrief C.inparticular D.inturn39.A.quit B.covered C.reflected D.moved40.A.mountain B.river C.car D.tower41.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter42.A.encourage B.attract C.forgive D.survive43.A.pictures B.control C.care D.examples44.A.roofs B.walls C.floors D.beds45.A.generous B.independent C.strange D.sensitive46.A.letdown B.brokedown C.setup D.pickup47.A.out B.off C.about D.up.48.A.removed B.defended C.filled D.approached49.A.cute B.terrible C.frightened D.large50.A.respectfully B.gratefully C.carefully D.joyfully51.A.brighter B.better C.fixed D.lasting52.A.absent B.awake C.alone D.asleep【答案】38.C39.B40.A41.B42.D43.A44.B45.C46.C47.B48.D49.A50.D51.B52.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了Grady在和家人露營(yíng)時(shí)，只身來(lái)到小溪邊，看到一只可愛(ài)的熊寶寶，正當(dāng)靠近時(shí)，想起父親說(shuō)熊寶寶不會(huì)獨(dú)自行動(dòng)，接著抬頭看到熊媽媽正向他走來(lái)……。【38題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“這將是又漫長(zhǎng)的一周，”他嘆了口氣，并不是特意對(duì)誰(shuí)說(shuō)的。A.inadvance提前；B.inbrief簡(jiǎn)言之；C.inparticular特別；D.inturn反過(guò)來(lái)。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知Grady在自言自語(yǔ)，并不是特意對(duì)誰(shuí)說(shuō)的這話(huà)。故選C。【39題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)百棵高大的樹(shù)木覆蓋著山坡，像一張美麗的綠色地毯。A.quit停止；B.covered覆蓋；C.reflected反射；D.moved移動(dòng)。結(jié)合前后文語(yǔ)境“Hundredsoftalltrees...themountainside”可知，此處指數(shù)百棵高大的樹(shù)木覆蓋著（covered）山坡。故選B。【40題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使在這里的山上，7月的熱空氣仍然令人討厭。A.mountain山脈；B.river河流；C.car車(chē)；D.tower塔。結(jié)合上文“themountainside”可知，他們?cè)谏缴稀９蔬xA。【41題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Grady討厭露營(yíng)，但他的家人每年夏天都堅(jiān)持去露營(yíng)。A.spring春天；B.summer夏天；C.autumn秋天；D.winter冬天。根據(jù)第一段中“thehotairofJulycouldstillbeannoying”可知當(dāng)時(shí)是七月，說(shuō)明他的家人是夏天去露營(yíng)。故選B。【42題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父親喜歡在明火上做飯，講述如何在遭受熊襲擊和蜜蜂叮咬等情況下生存下來(lái)的故事。A.encourage鼓勵(lì)；B.attract吸引；C.forgive原諒；D.survive幸存。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ikebearattacksandbeebites”可知父親喜歡講述如何在遭受熊襲擊和蜜蜂叮咬等情況下生存下來(lái)的故事。故選D。【43題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的媽媽和弟弟Jared喜歡徒步旅行和給動(dòng)物拍照。A.pictures圖片；B.control控制；C.care關(guān)心；D.examples例子。結(jié)合后文“hadacollectionofbugpictures”可知，Jared喜歡給動(dòng)物拍照。故選A。【44題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Jared收集了一些昆蟲(chóng)的圖片，他把它們釘在他那一半房間的墻上，樹(shù)葉上的昆蟲(chóng)，樹(shù)上的昆蟲(chóng)，在泥土中移動(dòng)的昆蟲(chóng)。A.roofs屋頂；B.walls墻壁；C.floors地板；D.beds床。根據(jù)常識(shí)和后文“inhishalfoftheirroom”可知，