課時作業29GlobalwarmingⅠ.閱讀理解(2021·山西忻州一中四校聯考)HaveyoueverheardofagreatChileanpoet?HewasoncereferredtoasthePicassoofpoetry.BelovedbyChileansofallclasses,heisoneofthemostwidelyreadandrespectedpoetsinhistory.Andthisyearisthe110thbirthdayofPabloNeruda(1904—1973)．BornwiththenameNeftaliRicardoReyesBasolto,hewasatall,shyandlonelyboy.Helovedtoreadandstartedtowritepoetrywhenhewasten.TheAmericanpoetWaltWhitman,whoseframedpictureNerudalaterkeptonhistable,becameamajorinfluenceonhiswork.However,hisfatherdidnotliketheideaofhavingapoetforasonandtriedtodiscouragehimfromwriting.Tocoverupthepublicationofhisfirstpoem,hetookthepennamePabloNeruda.In1924Nerudagainedfamewithhismostwidelyreadwork“TwentyLovePoemsandaSongofDespair”.Yethisrichexperienceasadiplomatandexilemadehimgobeyondthethemeoflove.HisworkalsoreflectedthepoliticalstruggleoftheleftanddevelopmentofSouthAmerica.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1971.Nerudalovedtheseawhichhesawascreative,destructiveandforevermoving.Hefoundinspirationinthepowerandfreedomofthewavesandtheseabirdsonthecoast.“Ineedtheseabecauseitteachesme，”hewrote.“Imoveintheuniversityofthewaves.”Helovedhowtheseaforeverreneweditself,arenewalechoed(共鳴)inhiswork.1．Theunderlinedword“Picasso”canprobablybereplacedby“________”．A．poemfanB．mostimportantpersonC．famouspersonfromPicassoD．freedomfighterinPicasso2．NeftaliRicardoReyesBasoltotookthepennamePabloNerudabecause________.A．hewasgreatlyinfluencedbyotherpoetsB．literarygreatsusuallyusedthepennameC．hisfatherencouragedhimtousethenameD．hewantedtopreventhisfatherknowingthepublication3．Whichofthefollowingisnotthethemeofhisworks?A．Socialreform.B．Love.C．Politicalstruggle.D．DevelopmentofSouthAmerica.4．Thelastparagraphmainlytellsus________.A．NerudalovedtowritehispoemsneartheseaB．theseagaveNerudavastwritinginspirationC．thebeautifulsceneryalongtheChilecoastD．Neruda'spoemswerewidelyreadoverseas答案與解析本文介紹了一位宏大的意大利詩人。1．B詞義猜想題。從畫線后的BelovedbyChileansofallclasses,heisoneofthemostwidelyreadandrespectedpoetsinhistory.可知B項正確。2．D細節理解題。從第三段最終一句Tocoverupthepublicationofhisfirstpoem,hetookthepennamePabloNeruda.可知D項正確。3．A細節理解題。從第四段其次、三句Yethisrichexperienceas...beyondthethemeoflove.HisworkalsoreflectedthepoliticalstruggleoftheleftanddevelopmentofSouthAmerica.可知選A項。4．B段落大意題。從最終一段其次句Hefoundinspirationinthepowerandfreedomofthewavesandtheseabirdsonthecoast.Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2021·石家莊市二中月考)Thereisdistinctionbetweenreadingforinformationandreadingforunderstanding.__1__Thefirstsenseistheoneinwhichwereadnewspapers,magazines,oranythingelse.__2__Suchmaterialsmayincreaseourstoreofinformation,buttheycannotimproveourunderstanding.Andclearlywedon'thaveanydifficultyingainingthenewinformation,forourunderstandingwasequaltothembeforewestarted.Otherwise,wewouldhavefelttheshockofpuzzlement.Thesecondsenseistheoneinwhichwereadsomethingthatatfirstwedonotcompletelyunderstand.Herethethingtobereadisatthefirstsightbetterorhigherthanthereader.Thewriteriscommunicatingsomethingthatcanincreasethereader'sunderstanding.__3__Otherwiseonepersoncouldneverlearnfromanother.Here“learning”meansunderstandingmore,notrememberingmoreinformation.Whataretheconditionsinthiskindofreading?First,thereisinequalityinunderstanding.__4__Besides,hisbookmustconveysomethinghepossessesandhispotentialreaderslack.Second,thereadermustbeabletoovercomethisinequalityinsomedegree.Andheshouldalwaystrytoreachthesamelevelofunderstandingwiththewriter.Iftheequalityisapproached,successofcommunicationisachieved.__5__Itistheleastdemandingandrequirestheleastamountofeffort.Everyonewhoknowshowtoreadcanreadforentertainmentifhewantsto.Infact,anybookthatcanbereadforunderstandingorinformationcanprobablybereadforentertainmentaswell.A．Thus,wecanemploytheword“reading”intwodistinctsenses.B．Suchcommunicationbetweenunequalsmustbepossible.C．Wecangetaccesstothecontentofthosematerialseasily.D．Thewritermustbe“superior”tothereaderinunderstanding.E．Thewritershouldhaveabettercommunicatingskill.F．Besidesgaininginformationandunderstanding,there'sanothergoalofreading—entertainment.G．Readingforentertainmentiscapableofincreasingourunderstandingforinformation.答案與解析本文敘述閱讀中得到的信息與理解的信息是有區分的。1．A依據其次段提到thefirstsense和第三段開頭提到thesecondsense都明確指向A項的intwodistinctsenses,而A選項的thus表示的因果規律關系也和前一句readingforinformation和understanding合理鏈接，故A項正確。2．C后一句話“這樣的材料增加我們信息的存儲，但是不能提高我們的理解力”，所以在此處與理解無關，與信息有關，并且后句話中的suchmaterials作代詞起指代作用，故選C項。3．B由下一句可知這里想說作者和讀者之間的不公正溝通會發生。4．D前句話inequalityinunderstanding強調了讀者和作者的不對等，滿足這個信息的有B項和D項。后句話中hisbook指代前句話某個人，故D項合適。5．F后兩句中提到canreadforentertainment格外明顯提示5題答案在F和G兩個包含entertainment的信息中，而文章第四段講得分別是readingforinformation和readingforunderstanding,第五段readingforentertainment是新的一分支結構，故由F項的besides可知答案。Ⅲ.語法填空OurexperienceattheChildren'sMedicalCareCenterwaseye-opening.Wesawalotofchildrenwithouthairdue__1__theirradioactivetreatment.Weplayedwiththemandtaughtthemtodrawpictures.Thechildren,thoughsufferingsuchgreatpains,weresofriendlythatitwasmuch__2__(easy)tointeractwiththemthanwehadexpected.Oneday,anincidentdeeplytouchedus.Agirlsuggestedthatsheteachushowtofoldpaper.Shetaughtuswithgreat__3__(patient),explainingeachstepslowlyandclearly.Thoughwecouldeasilydothat,westillpretendedtoknownothingaboutit.Wefollowedher,stepbystep,doingeverythingshetoldus.Finally,whenwefinishedourwork__4__(success),shegaveeachofus__5__bighug.Wecouldseetheprideandhappinessonherface.Herfatherwassothankfultousthatheheldourhandstightly,tearsinhiseyes.Anditwasnotuntilthen__6__weknewthegirlwouldreceiveanoperationthenextday.Manystorieshappenedatthecenter.Itwasreallya__7__(value)experiencetousall,__8__(enrich)ourlifeinapositiveway.Thechildren'shappyfacesandtheirstrongmindswillstaywithusforever.ThedayswespentattheCenterinspiredusboystoreflect__9__manythings.Webegantoreflectonhowtodealwiththedifficultiesinlife,becauseour“troubles”seemnotworthmentioningatallcomparedwith__10__theseinnocentkidsaregoingthrough.答案與解析1．todueto由于。2．easiermuch后跟比較級。3．patiencewithpatience急躁地。4．successfully修飾實義動詞用副詞。5．agivesb.abighug吵鬧擁抱某人。6．thatItwasnotuntil...that...強調句型。7．valuable形容詞作定語。8．enriching現在分詞作伴隨狀語。9．onreflecton反思。10．whatwhat引導賓語從句，在從句中作賓語。Ⅳ.短文改錯DearSir，LastnightIgotcaughtintheheavyrainonthewayhome.Astheresult,Igotabadcoldwithaheadache.Ifeltverytiring.Mymothertookmeseethedoctor.Aftertheexamination,thedoctortoldmetomakeiteasy.Hesaiditwasnothingseriously.Healsotoldmetohaveagoodrestforacoupleofdays,takethemedicinesontimeanddrunkmoreboiledwater.SoIhavetoaskyouathree-dayleave.AfterIrecover,Iwouldtrytomakeupforthemissinglessons.IfthereareanythingIdonotunderstand,couldIturntoyouforhelp?Yours，Mike答案Ⅴ.書面表達某英文報紙就“中國城市普遍存在的交通擁堵問題”邀請中同學開放爭辯。請你依據以下提示，寫一篇英語短文。1．簡要描述這一交通問題；2．分析造成該問題的主要緣由(至少寫兩點)；3．提出解決該問題的建議(至少寫兩點)。留意：1．短文須包括全部要點，可適度發揮，使行文連貫。2．詞數100左右，開頭已經給出，但不計入總詞數。3．不得提及本人姓名和所在學校。InspiteofthefastdevelopmentoftransportationinthemajorcitiesofChina,moreandmoretrafficproblemsarearising.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________范文In_spit