what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的五種用法

2021/6/281After________seemedaverylongtime,Iopenedmyeyesandfoundmyselfinbed!

A.whatB.whenC.thatD.whichAIdon’tknowwhatyoumean.什么，你指的“意思”2021/6/282一、用法歸納1.表示“……的東西或事情”“所……的”，相當(dāng)于“thethingthat...;allthat...;everythingthat...；anythingthat...”They’vedonewhattheycandotohelpher.

Hesaveswhatheearns.

WhatMaryisisthesecretary.2021/6/2832.表示“……的人或的樣子”（指抽象意義的人）相當(dāng)于thepersonthat；theonethatHeisnolongerwhathewas.他已經(jīng)不是以前的那個(gè)樣子。

Heiswhatisgenerallycalledatraitor.他就是人們通常所說的叛徒。

WhohasmadeFred______heisnow?what2021/6/2843.表示“……的數(shù)量或數(shù)目”,相當(dāng)于theamount/numberthatOurincomenowisdoublewhatitwastenyearsago.

Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolistentimes

whatitwasbeforeliberation.2021/6/2854.表示“……的時(shí)間”,相當(dāng)于thetimethat：Afterwhatseemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.Theyounggirlwastoofrightenedtospeak,standingthereforwhatseemedlikehours.

2021/6/2865.表示“……的地方”,相當(dāng)于theplacethatThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.In1492,Columbusreached______isnowcalledAmerica.Lastyear,theyfinallyaccomplishedtheirwishinlife,arrivingat______wasconsideredsacredinCatholicreligion.whatwhat2021/6/287歸納總結(jié)：當(dāng)名詞性從句缺少主語、賓語、表語，而缺少的這個(gè)詞不是指具體的人時(shí)，要首先考慮what1.表示“……的東西或事情”“所……的”，相當(dāng)于“thethingthat...;allthat...;everythingthat...；anythingthat...”2.表示“……的人或的樣子”（指抽象意義的人）相當(dāng)于thepersonthat；theonethat表示“……的數(shù)量或數(shù)目”,相當(dāng)于theamount/numberthat4.表示“……的時(shí)間”,相當(dāng)于thetimethat：5.表示“……的地方”,相當(dāng)于theplacethat2021/6/288鞏固練習(xí):1.Shehaschangedalot.She'snolonger________sheusedtobe.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.不填2.Thetobaccowhichisusedtomakecigaretteswasfirstgrownin________isnowpartoftheUnitedStates.

A.whichB.thatC.allD.what3.Nolonger______Tomtheman______heusedtobe.

A.will;whatB.was;whatC.will;thatD.is;that4.WhathasmadeChina________sheistoday?

A.thatB.whatC.asD.which5.Thenumberofthestudentsofthecollegehasreached8,000,twice______itwaswhenthecollegewasopenedtenyearsago.A.whatB.asmuchC.whichD.thatDBADB2021/6/289二、用法說明(1)這樣用的what相當(dāng)于“先行詞+關(guān)系代詞”，所以其前不能有先行詞：你喜歡什么就拿什么吧。

正：Youcanhavewhatyoulike./Youcanhaveeverything(that)youlike.

誤：Youcanhaveeverythingwhatyoulike.

2021/6/2810二、用法說明(2)有時(shí)what可用作限定詞，其后修飾一個(gè)名詞（見42）：IgavehimwhatbooksIhad.我把我所有的書都給他了。

Hegavemewhatmoneyhehad.他把身邊帶有的錢全給了我。2021/6/2811(3)what后的名詞可以是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，但通常不能是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞：誤：IgavehimwhatbookIhad.2021/6/2812AistoBwhatCistoD句型分析2021/6/2813

句型:

AistoBwhatCistoD.本句型的意思是“A對B而言正如C對D一樣”。其中what的意思相當(dāng)于as（但在此句型不能用as代替）,作連詞用,引導(dǎo)狀語從句。Airistouswhatwateristofish.空氣對于我們猶如水對于魚。其中介詞to表示對比2021/6/2814who可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，它是疑問代詞，意思是“誰”，后面引導(dǎo)的從句用陳述句的語序，如：Nooneknowswhocheatedintheexam.Doyouknowwhobroketheantiquevase?who或whom只有在一些特殊句型里，才作縮合連接代詞使用，如：

Whobreakspays.

Shecouldmarrywhomshelikes.

Whoisnotforusisagainstus.2021/6/2815whoever

(pron).

誰

1.連接代詞,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句

(=anybody

that)

Whoever

comes

will

be

welcome.

誰來都?xì)g迎.

Give

it

to

whoever

you

like.你喜歡給誰就給誰.2.做疑問代詞(比who語氣重)

Whoever

said

that?

是誰講的那話?Whoever

can

that

be

knocking

at

the

door?

3.conj.

不管是誰

(引導(dǎo)狀語從句,=no

matter

who)Whoever

rings,

tell

him

I'm

out.

例：______

leaves

the

room

last

ought

to

turn

off

the

lights.

A.

Anyone

B.

The

person

C.

Whoever

D.

Who

選C

whoever“無論誰”，可以引導(dǎo)主語從句，whoever既是從句leave

the

room

last

的主格，又是“ought

to

turn

off

the

lights

”的主語.who和whoever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別2021/6/2816(1)

Whoever

comes

first

will

get

the

first

prize.

Who

will

come

to

have

dinner

is

not

known.

(2)

Whoever

will

be

sent

to

work

there

will

be

given

a

large

house.Who

will

be

sent

to

work

there

hasn’t

been

decidedyet.

(3)

Whoever

will

go

with

us

please

sign

your

name

here.

Who

will

go

with

us

has

not

yet

been

decided.who和whoever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別2021/6/2817

練習(xí)：1）____

leaves

the

room

last

ought

to

turn

off

the

lights.A.

Anyone

B.

The

person

C.

Whoever

D.

Who

選C，whoever“無論誰”，可以引導(dǎo)主語從句，whoever既是從句leave

the

room

last

的主格，又是“ought

to

turn

off

the

lights

”的主語.2）_______

with

the

right

knowledge

can

give

first

aid.

A.

Who

B.

Whoever

C.

Anyone

D.

Who

ever

【分析】此題容易誤選B，主要受以下這類句子的影響而形成思維定勢：_________

with

the

right

knowledge

中沒有謂語動(dòng)詞，所以我們不能選

whoever。此題的正確答案為C，anyone

為句子主語，with

the

right

knowledge

為修飾

anyone

的定語。2021/6/2818【類例】請做以下試題：A.

Who

B.

Whoever

C.

Anyone

D.

Who

ever1)

________

with

a

good

education

can

apply

for

the

job.

2)

_________

has

a

good

education

can

apply

for

the

job.3)

_______

having

a

good

education

can

apply

for

the

job.

4)

_________

seen

smoking

here

will

be

fined.

5)

_________

is

seen

smoking

here

will

be

fined.

6)

_________

smoking

here

will

be

fined.

7)

_________

smokes

here

will

be

fined.

Whoever

AnyoneAnyoneAnyoneWhoever

AnyoneWhoever

2021/6/2819名詞性從句whatwhere表示地點(diǎn)相當(dāng)于在從句中從句whattheonethat充當(dāng)主、賓、表語缺主、賓、表語wheretheplacethat充當(dāng)狀語基本完整2021/6/2820名詞性從句whatwhere表示地點(diǎn)ThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.In1492,ColumbusarrivedatwhatisnowcalledAmerica.Wherethemeetingwillbeheldisunknown.

Wedonotknowwherethemeetingisheld.

Theproblemiswherethemeetingisheld.That’s

where

I

was

when

the

accident

happened.What=theonethatWhere=theplacethat2021/6/2821Where引導(dǎo)從句的用法

一、

where引導(dǎo)定語從句

where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，其先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，它在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，此時(shí)where

相當(dāng)于at/in/on+which。如：

This

zoo

is

not

the

only

place

where

the

animal

can

be

seen.

這個(gè)動(dòng)物園并不是唯一能夠看到這種動(dòng)物的地方。

She’s

got

herself

into

a

dangerous

situation

where

she’s

likely

to

lose

her

life.

她將自己置于了危險(xiǎn)的境地，而且很有可能丟掉性

命。

二、

where引導(dǎo)狀語從句

where引導(dǎo)狀語從句時(shí)，它相當(dāng)于in/at

the

place

where。如：

My

father

grew

up

where

he

was

born.

我父親是在他出生的地方長大的。

Take

him

where

it

is

safe.

把他帶到安全的地方去。

三、

where引導(dǎo)名詞性從句

where引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句主要有賓語從句、表語從句、主語從句以及同位語從句，此時(shí)where相當(dāng)于the

place

where。如：

Can

you

tell

me

where

you

found

it?

你能告訴我你是在哪兒找到它的嗎？

That’s

where

I

was

when

the

accident

happened.

那就是事故發(fā)生時(shí)我所在的地方。

Where

the

old

man

comes

from

is

still

a

puzzle.

這位老人是從哪里來的還是個(gè)謎。

I

have

no

idea

where

we

should

go

for

a

holiday.

我不知道我們該去哪里度假。

【鞏固練習(xí)】

請用引導(dǎo)詞where來補(bǔ)全下列英文句子。

1.

有志者事竟成。

_______________________,

there

is

a

way.

2.

書在你原來放的地方。

The

book

is

_________________________.

3.

她回到了她剛才坐的地方。

She

is

back

to

_____________________.

4.

請呆在原處。

Please

stay

_________________________.

5.

這就是他曾工作過的農(nóng)場。

This

is

the

farm

__________