第一部分教材知識講練必修第三冊UNIT1

Natureinthebalance續寫語料積累背誦·句之美欣賞·語之秀1．(心理描寫)(2024·遼寧聯盟調研)Withbutterfliesinmystomach,Iwaitedforhertopickupthereceiver．2．(行為描寫)(2024·廣東實驗中學)BeforeIcontinued,herolledhiseyes,slammedthedoorandwalkedaway．3．(景物描寫)(2024·湖北名校聯考)Atleasttheweatherwasamazing—cotton-candycloudsdottedthedeepbluesky．(2024·株洲質量檢測)Dressedinthesameperformingsuit,MompushedJustinproudlywithabrightsmileonherfaceasJustinthrewhimselfheartandsoulintotheperformance．Joyfulmusicfloatingintheair,themotherandsonwereindeedaperfectmatchintheparade,whichsoonbecamethecenterofattention．語基

自主檢測·目標確立核心單詞語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)1．______n．大量；團，塊，堆；一大群

adj．大批的，廣泛的2．_______n．影響，作用；撞擊，沖撞

vi．&vt．有影響；沖擊3．_________vt．&n．損害，傷害，損壞，破壞4．______vt．&vi．跟蹤，追蹤

n．足跡，蹤跡；小道；軌道；跑道；路線5．_______vi．反對，抗議

vt．反對；堅持聲稱，申辯

n．抗議，反對6．_______n．利潤，收益；好處

vi．&vt．獲益，得到好處7．________n．過程，進程；步驟，流程

vt．加工，處理8．_______n．(政府或機構)部門；分部；樹枝；支流；分支9．________vt．回收利用，再利用1．Pregnantwomenwhoareheavydrinkersrisk_________(damage)theunbornbabies．2．Wewouldmake100canstostartwith,thenreplacethemoverandoveragainwith___________(recycle)cans．3．ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebigland_______(mass)asfarsouthasNewfoundland．4．Outsidethehallwerehundredsofminers__________(protest)againsttheirpoorworkingconditions．5．Nowhealthexpertswantmanufacturerstolowerthelevelsofextrasugarandsaltin___________(process)foods．6．90%ofMicrosoft's2，280employeesinJapanlatersaidthey_____________________________(impact)bythecompany'snewmeasures．7．Modernmethodsof________(track)polarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s．8．(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesand____________(branch),althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree．massimpactdamagetrackprotestprofitprocessbranchrecycledamagingrecycledmassesprotestingprocessedwereimpacted/hadbeenimpactedtrackingbranches派生單詞語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)1．longadj．長的→_______n．長，長度；時間的長短；篇幅，(電影)片長→________vt．(使)加長；(使)延長2．disappearvi．不復存在，滅絕，消亡；消失；失蹤→_____________n．消失3．extinctadj．滅絕的，絕種的→__________n．滅絕，絕種4．organizevt．組織→____________n．組織，團體；組織工作；安排；條理→_________n．組織者→_________adj．有組織的5．entireadj．完全的→________adv．完全地，全部地，完整地6．economyn．經濟→_________adj．經濟的，經濟上的；可賺錢的→___________adj．節約的；經濟的→__________n．經濟學家7．poisonvt．污染；毒死，毒害

n．毒物，毒藥→_________adj．有毒的8．chemistryn．化學→________n．化學家→_________n．化學制品

adj．化學的；化學作用的1．Theroadhasatotal______oftwomilesonly,sotheworkershavedecidedto________it．(long)2．Thosemen___________withasoftpoppingsoundinstantlyIpressedabuttononthedevice．Theirsudden_____________scaredthechildrenwhohadseenallthis．(disappear)3．Cloningmaybethebestwaytosavesomespeciesfrom__________beforeallhopesare_______．(extinct)4．Acarefully_________campaignwaslaunchedyesterday,aimedtostopthespreadofthedisease．The__________wereleadingmembersofthecommunitiesand_____________atgrass-rootslevel．(organize)5．Wecancreategreater_________benefitsbybuildingan_____________society．(economy)6．Thedangerofchildrenbeing________bymatcheswasevidentbeforechemistsmadeaformofphosphorus(磷)whichisnot_________．(poison)7．Heisveryinterestedin__________,hopingtomajorin_________engineeringatuniversityandhisdreamistobecomea________．(chemist)lengthlengthendisappearanceextinctionorganizationorganizerorganizedentirelyeconomiceconomicaleconomistpoisonouschemistchemicallengthlengthendisappeareddisappearanceextinctionextinctorganizedorganizersorganizationseconomiceconomicalpoisonedpoisonouschemistrychemicalchemist高頻短語語境運用(選用左欄短語的適當形式填空)1．______相應地，轉而2．__________使分解(為)，使變化(成)3．_______________給……帶來起色，注入活力4．_______由于，因為5．_________逐漸增加，擴大6．____________想出，想到7．_______(公開)要求；需要8．_____________突然記起(或想到)9．__________擺脫，丟棄，扔掉10．____________使發生(或存在)11．______________充滿，到處都是(活的或動的東西)12．________________同一個(人或物)1．Thenegotiation___________becauseonesiderefusedtoplaythegame．2．(2023·全國乙卷)Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrises______beingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment．3．(2021·天津卷)Withthatthoughtinmind,Pruitt_______________aplanandposteditonthecommunitywebsite．4．Theideaisthatwhitecoatsareassociatedwithscientists,whoare_______thoughttohavecloseattentiontodetail．5．(2020·北京卷)“Tom________apassionforenvironmentalprotectionataveryearlyage，”Mattadded．6．DevelopingtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisasystematicprojectwhich_________aclearroadmapandtimetable．7．SchooluniformsaretraditionalinBritain,butsomeschoolsarestarting___________them．8．Wefoundthattelevisionandradio___________farfewercomplaintsthandidtheprintedmedia．inturnbreakdownbreathelifeintoduetobuildupcomeupwithcallforspringtomindgetridofgiveriseto(be)alivewithoneandthesamebrokedownduetocameupwithinturnbuiltupcallsfortogetridofgaveriseto原句結構辨識寫作佳句背誦1．while引導讓步狀語從句Whileasignificantnumberofjaguarssurvivehere，theyareonlyoneelementofthisforest'sfoodchain．雖然在線學習被證明是可行的，但也存在明顯的缺點。_______________________________________,thereexistobviousdisadvantages．(應用文之演講稿)2．so＋助動詞＋主語Asthehumanpopulationcontinuestogrow，sodoestheeffectwehaveonanimals．開始與新朋友交談時，我們希望感到舒適，他們也是。Whenwebeginconversationswithnewpeople,wewanttofeelcomfortable,and_________．(應用文之咨詢信)Whileonlinelearningprovestobepracticalsodothey①(2020·天津5月卷)Transporthasalottoanswerforwhenitcomesto________(harm)theplanet．②Tosafeguardsomethingorsomeonemeanstoprotectthemfrom______________(harm),lost,orbadlytreated．③Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimalmeant___(I)norealharm．考點

歸納探究·精準講練1．harmn．&vt．傷害，損害harmingbeingharmedme如果使用不當，這種藥物會對你造成傷害。①Themedicinewill_______________________ifimproperlyused．(harmn．)②Themedicinewill_______________ifimproperlyused．(harmful)◎cause/doharmtosb＝cause/dosbharm傷害某人◎meansbnoharm＝meannoharmtosb對某人沒有惡意◎beharmfulto...對……有害◎Thereisnoharmindoingsth做某事沒有害處。一句多譯doharmtoyou/doyouharmbeharmfultoyou◎dousmoreharmthangood對我們弊大于利◎puttheminharm'sway置他們于險境◎seriouslyharmtheprospectsoftheworldeconomy嚴重損害世界經濟的前景①BaptisteisbikingacrossEurope,survivingentirely___thrown-awayfood．②(2021·全國甲卷)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthat____________(survive)China'slonghistory．③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethe________(survive)ofournaturalresources．2．survivevi．生存，存活

vt．幸存，幸免于難onhassurvivedsurvival生活不在于如何從暴風雨中幸存，而是學會在雨中起舞。Lifeisn'tabout______________________;it'saboutlearningtodanceintherain．◎survivesth幸免于；從……中挺過來◎survivefrom...從……中存活/流傳下來◎surviveonsth依靠……生存下來◎survivorn．幸存者◎survivaln．[U]幸存；[C]殘存物主題升華howtosurvivethestorm◎managetosurvivethecrisis設法度過這次危機◎China'soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre中國現存最古老的傳統劇院◎surviveherhusbandbytenyears比她丈夫多活十年①Partly__aconsequenceofthislimitedtime,overhalfofallAmericanhomesnowhavemicrowaveovens．②Thisbeliefhasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector,withnegative____________(consequence)fortheireconomies．③_____________(consequent),shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria．3．consequencen．結果，后果；重要性asconsequencesConsequently(普通表達)Shewasoveragelimitand,asaresult,herapplicationwasrejected．(高級表達)Shewasoveragelimitand,____________________________,herapplicationwasrejected．◎asaconsequence因此；結果◎asaconsequenceof由于◎inconsequence因此；結果◎of(no/little)consequence(不)重要的◎consequentadj．隨之發生的；作為結果的◎consequentlyadv．因此；結果詞匯升級inconsequence/asaconsequence◎amanofconsequenceinhisvillage他村里舉足輕重的人物◎inconsequenceoffallingbirthrates由于出生率下降◎havedisastrousconsequencesfortheenvironment給環境帶來災難性后果①Makingcitiessmarterisonewayout,andIthinkthiswill__turnmakecitiesgreener．②Nowthatwehavefinisheddesigning,thecompany,in___(it)turn,shoulddotheconstructingwork．③Theytookturns______________(stay)awakeincaseanythingwentwrong．4．inturn相應地，轉而initsstaying/tostay當這些女士們依次發言時，她們每個人都贏得了喝彩聲。①Therewerecheersforeachofthewomenas_______________．(inturn)②Therewerecheersforeachofthewomenas____________________．(taketurns)◎inone'sturn輪到某人；接著◎byturns輪流；交替地◎waityourturn排隊等候◎Itisone'sturntodosth輪到某人做某事◎taketurnstodosth/(in/at)doingsth輪流做某事一句多譯theyspokeinturntheytookturnstospeak◎getcheerfulanddepressedbyturns時而高興時而沮喪◎askeachofusinturntodraw讓我們每個人輪流畫畫◎taketurnsdriving/todrivethecar輪流開車寫出句中breakdown的漢語意思①Thecarbrokedownonthewaytotheairport． ________②Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached． ______③Inotherwords,yourhealthwillbreakdownifyouworktoohard． ______④Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,youmustbreakitdownintoparts． ______⑤Gettingyoungpeopletogetherwillhelptobreakdownthebarriersbetweenthem． ______5．breakdown使分解(為)，使變化(成)出故障失敗垮掉分解消除看到她失散已久的寵物回到家中，小女孩忍不住喜極而泣。Seeingherlonglostpetbackhome,thelittlegirljust________________________________．◎touchdown降落；著陸◎slowdown放緩；減速；放松◎diedown減弱；逐漸平息◎letdown失望；使沮喪◎putdown記下；放下；鎮壓；平定情感描寫brokedownandweptwithtearsofjoy◎astheplanewastouchingdown當飛機著陸時◎slowdownthefossilenergyconsumption減緩化石能源的消耗◎feelbadlyletdown感到非常沮喪①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Coveringanareaaboutthreetimes___sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry．②Ifcurrenttrendsdon'tbend,Russia'spopulationwillbeaboutthesize__Yemen'sbytheyear2050．③Itseemsthatthewingsofthenewaircraftareapproximately______(two)thelengthofitsbody．6．[教材原句]Withanareaofaround6millionsquarekilometres,theAmazonrainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina．亞馬孫雨林的面積約為600萬平方千米，比中國國土面積的一半還要大。theoftwice(普通表達)Itissaidthatthe“hairyman”isalmostdoubleastallasanaverageman．(高級表達)Itissaidthatthe“hairyman”isalmostdouble___________anaverageman．“Aisthesize/length/height/width/depthofB．”是一種表示比較的句型，相當于“Aisasbig/long/high/wide/deepasB．”還可以在the前加上twice、threetimes、double、two-thirds等表示“倍數”或“分數”的詞匯。另外，“倍數/分數＋theamount/weight/priceof...”也表示比較。還有一種形式，“倍數/分數＋one'sage/size/weight等”。句式升級theheightofHewaspinnedagainstthewallbyaboytwicehissize;hecouldhardlybreathe．他被一個塊頭比他大一倍的孩子擠壓在墻上，幾乎喘不過氣來。①________(sit)atthetablewashismother,aquietandgracefulwoman．②_______(hide)behindhissilencewashiscomplicatedemotionalexperience,whichleftdeepscarsonhim．③(2021·全國乙卷)Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gone___(be)thedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch．7．[教材原句]JoiningusinthestudiotonightareJamesSmith,alocalresident;VincentBrown,seniormanagerofalocalfactory;andJulieArcher,chiefoftheNorgateEnvironmentalProtectionCommittee．今晚來到我們演播室的有本地居民詹姆斯·史密斯、本地一家工廠的高管文森特·布朗，還有諾蓋特環境保護委員會的負責人朱莉·阿徹。SittingHiddenare山腳下坐落著一個私家花園，其中，小橋、流水、假山布局巧奪天工，令人賞心悅目。__________________________________________inwhichthestreams,bridgesandrockeriesarecleverlylaidoutandpleasingtotheeye．教材原句中的Joiningusinthestudiotonight是動詞-ing形式短語作表語，句子的主語是JamesSmith,VincentBrownandJulieArcher。分詞短語置于句首作表語時，句子需要用全部倒裝語序。這種倒裝主要是為了照顧句子的平衡，這時候，句子的主語部分通常比較長，一般帶有較長的定語或同位句。景物描寫LocatedatthefootofthehillisaprivategardenFollowingtheirfriendlyandfruitfultalkswasajointpressconferenceintheGreatHallofthePeople．在他們富有成果的友好會談之后，在人民大會堂舉行了聯合記者招待會。Ⅰ．用所給詞的正確形式填空1．Alocustweighs60grams,buteatsabouttwice___(it)weighteveryday．2．Theonly________(survive)fromtheplanecrashcoulddonothingbutwaitforrescueonanisland．3．Alotofourassociationsseemlikefriendshipatfirst,only_______(break)downanddisappearintime．三層

強基固本·達標訓練itssurvivortobreak4．Thisledtoanunexpected___________(consequent),thoughshehadawonderfultimethere．5．Over800millionpeopleintheworldliveinextremepoverty,_________(survive)onlessthanUS$1.25aday．6．Lyingonthefloor_____(be)pilesofchips,whichweresortedintoseveralcategoriesbasedontheirfunctions．consequencesurvivingwere7．Astheeconomyshiftstowardsindustrialization,theenvironmentisputatahigherriskof____________(harm)bypollution．8．(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Itoldhimhow________(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions．beingharmedharmfulⅡ．在空白處填入一個適當的詞1．There'snogreatharm__drinkingalittlebeertorelievetirednessafterhardwork．2．Somestrangecustomshavesurvived_____earliertimesandstillhaveeffectsonvillagers．3．(2020·全國Ⅰ卷)Iwonderifparentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomatter___consequences．infromthe4．Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthis__turncreatesfurtherproblems．5．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartment___sizeofacupboard．intheⅠ．用所給詞的正確形式填空1．Asthelargestrainforest,itplaysa___________(significance)roleinmaintainingthefinebalanceoftheEarth'secosystem．2．Theygivethisareatherichestbiodiversity:oneinten______(know)speciesintheworldcanbefoundhere．3．Overthepast50years,about17percentoftherainforest____________________(disappear)duetohumanactivities．significantknownhasdisappeared4．Weworktogethertoensurethatdevelopmentstrategiesarefollowedinan________________(environmental)friendlyway．5．It'sourdutytobuildahumancommunitywitha______(share)future．6．It'sourdutytoprotectourenvironmentwhile___________(aim)foreconomicdevelopment．environmentallysharedaimingⅡ．在空白處填入一個適當的詞1．TheAmazonRiver,from______therainforestgetsitsname,iscloseto6，400kilometresinlength．2．Eachleveloftheforestformsitsownlittleworld,home__differentkindsoflivingthings．3．TheAmazonrainforest,oftenknown__the“lungsoftheplanet”，producesover20percentofalltheEarth'soxygen．whichtoas4．Withthepollutionlevelson___rise,theCommitteeissearchingforwaystofighttheproblem．5．Theyfeedonatleast87species,includingfrogs,andthesefrogs,__turn,feedoninsectswhicheatleavesandfruit．theinⅠ．熟詞生義(選出黑體詞在句中的漢語意思)1．(2023·全國甲卷)HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLondon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010． ____A．樹枝 B．分店 C．支流B2．(2021·全國乙卷)OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies． ____A．較遠，更遠 B．更進一步的 C．另外的3．(2022·浙江1月卷)Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity． ____A．大規模的 B．一大群 C．質量CAⅡ．長難語句(分析句子的結構并翻譯成漢語)1．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Theimageofthereaderappearsthroughouthistory,inartmadelongbeforebooksaswenowknowthemcameintobeing．化繁為簡本句是一個復合句，可簡化為：Theimage...appears...inartmadelongbeforebooks...cameintobeing．句中的madelongbeforebooks是動詞-ed形式短語作后置____修飾art，后面的as引出的是一個____從句修飾books。[嘗試翻譯]

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讀者形象的出現貫穿歷史，早在我們現在所認知的書籍出現之前的藝術制品中就出現了。定語定語2．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Andincontrasttoourincreasinglynetworkedliveswheretheinformationweconsumeismonitoredandtracked,aprintedbookstilloffersthechanceofawhollyprivate,“off-line”activity．化繁為簡

本句是一個復合句，可簡化為：Andincontrastto...networkedlives...,aprintedbookstilloffersthechanceof...。句中的incontrastto...是介詞短語作____，后面的where引導出一個____從句，修飾lives。[嘗試翻譯]

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在日益網絡化的生活中，我們消費的信息受到監控和跟蹤，與此形成鮮明對比的是，印刷書籍仍然提供完全私密的“離線”活動的可能。狀語定語AftersettingfootontheAfricancontinent,JulieArcher,ascholarfromtheWorldEnvironmentalProtectionOrganization,startedtostudy1．_______(variety)ofwildlifeinsomeregions．Soonshelearnedthatthereusedtobemassesofspeciesinmany2．________(Africa)countries,buttheharshclimateandhumanactivitieshadbroughtmanyanimalsclose3．__beingextinct．三維

提能培優·進階訓練varietiesAfricantoTomakeprofits,localresidentstrackedandkilledanimals,4．____________(result)inasharpdeclineintheirnumbers．Awareofthenegativeimpactofhumanactivitiesonwildlife,Julieresolvedtodosomethingin5．_______________(defend)oftheendangeredanimalsinAfrica,aimingtopreventthemfrombeing6．_______(far)harmed．Inhersparetime,shedistributedbrochures7．_______(raise)localpeople'sawarenessoftheconsequencesofwildlifeextinction．Shealsocameupwithsomestrategiestohelpthelocalsgetridofpovertyandencouragedtheuseof8．________(recycle)things．Inaddition,sheurgedgovernmentstorestorethedamagedhabitat9．______wildspecieslikelionsanddeeroncelived．Sheevenledlocalpeopleintoprotestingagainstthegovernment'sinactiononwildlifeconservation．resultingdefence/defensefurthertoraiserecycledwhereDuetoherandmanyothers'jointefforts,thelivingconditionsforwildlifeinAfricaareslowlyimproving,but10．__stilltakestimetoentirelychangethecurrentsituation．itStep1．單句寫作(利用本單元知識補全所給英文句子)①2019年，被稱為“地球之肺”的亞馬孫雨林發生了大火。In2019,_________________intheAmazonrainforest,often_______________________________．②火災可能對其生態系統造成永久性破壞。Thefirehadthepotentialto________________________theecosystem．③由此產生的碳排放可能導致全球變暖。Theresultingcarbonemissionscould___________________________．ahugefirebrokeoutknownasthe“lungsoftheplanet”causepermanentdamagetocontributetoglobalwarming④由于人類活動，這片雨林一直在遭受破壞。Therainfore