語法專項之括號法突破長難句①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學)ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.IamLiHua._____________________Iloveyou._____________________Icome._____________________Igaveyouanapple._____________________Youmakemehappy._____________________主系表主謂賓主謂主謂間賓直賓主謂賓賓補五大基本句型①IamLiHua.②IamLiHuafromGuangzhouNo.1MiddleSchool.③Iloveyou.④Iloveyouwithallmyheart.⑤AfterchattingwithLauraonthismatterfortwohoursfrom2:00to4:00intheafternoon,Ireturnedtomyoffice.我是來自廣州市第一中學的李華我全心全意地愛著你1、多了介詞結構2、語序與中文不再一一對應主要的修飾成分“三長兩短一并列”“三長：介詞結構、從句、非謂語兩短：形容詞、副詞(一般不影響理解，略。如果太多影響理解，就刪除）一并列：并列結構【定義】從介詞開始到名詞（動名詞、名詞性從句）結束、表達一個獨立的完整的含義的結構。如：athome、intheschool、inthebeautifulpark、duringmyhappychildhood、overthelastfewyears、forthreeweeks.AfterchattingwithLauraonthismatterfortwohoursfrom2:00to4:00intheafternoon,Ireturnedtomyoffice.(1)介詞短語（括號標記）(Afterchatting)(withLaura)(onthismatter)(fortwohours)(from2:00to4:00)(intheafternoon),Ireturned(tomyoffice).①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism),includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(1)括號標記出所有的介詞短語①(Overthepastdecade),staying(insomebodyelse’shome),orsecondhome,(forashort-termbreak)hasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoal(ofthisbook)istomakethecase(fordigitalminimalism)(includingadetailedexplorationof

whatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’sright(foryou).Todoso,Idividedthebook(intotwoparts).③(Inpartone),Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations(ofdigitalminimalism),starting(withanexamination)(oftheforces)thataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,(beforemovingon)(toadetaileddiscussion)(ofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy).【定義】引導詞引導的主謂（賓、賓補）結構【起止標識】標記從句時，一定從引導詞開始，到以下四種終止。①

到___________終止，如：LiHuaisateacherwhoteachesEnglish.②

到___________終止，如：WhenIwasyoung,Ilistenedtotheradio.③

到________________終止，如：IwillinviteYaoMingwhowasatopbasketballplayertoBeijing.④到__________________終止，如YaoMingwhowasatopbasketballplayerisstudyinginShanghai.(2)從句（括號標記）句尾逗號下一修飾成分下一謂語動詞①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism(數字極簡主義),includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學)ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(2)括號標記出所有的從句①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoice(thatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)made)whenplanningtovisitacity.

②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism(數字極簡主義),includingadetailedexplorationof(whatitasks)and(whyitworks),andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學)(ifyoudecide)(thatit’sright)

foryou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforces(thataremaking)somanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable),beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(2)括號標記出所有的從句【定義】由非謂語動詞開頭的、表示一個獨立、完整的含義的結構叫做非謂語動詞短語。形式：todo,doing和done。非謂語動詞不能獨立作謂語，而是充當句子的其他成分?！酒鹬箻俗R】標記非謂語動詞短語時，從todo,doing或done開頭，到以下四種情況終止。①到_________終止，如：LiHuaisateacherteachingEnglish.②到____________終止，如：ToimprovemyEnglish,IoftenlistentotheEnglishradio.③到___________________終止，如：Jackwalkedintothehall,wavingtotheaudience.④到___________________終止，如：We,singingahappysong,rodetoschool.(3)非謂語動詞短語（括號標記）句尾逗號下一修飾成分下一謂語動詞①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,

includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(3)括號標記出所有的非謂語動詞短語①Overthepastdecade,(stayinginsomebodyelse’shome),orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhen(planning)(tovisitacity).②Thegoalofthisbookis(tomakethecase)fordigitalminimalism,(includingadetailedexploration)ofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthen(toteachyou)how(toadoptthisphilosophy(哲學))ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.(Todoso),Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,(starting)withanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(3)括號標記出所有的非謂語動詞短語

【定義】平行并列結構是指由并列詞and,or,but,aswell等將兩個或兩個以上含義相似、結構相同的并列項連接起來構成的結構?！緲擞浄椒ā拷o平行并列結構做標記的要求是：給并列詞加方框，給并列項加下劃線。標記時要先找到并列詞，然后再找并列項。在標注形如A

and

B的平行并列結構時，應先找B

(即右并列項)后找A

(即左并列項)。平行并列結構

標注出常見的平行并列結構①名詞并列：Iliketheboxplacedonthedeskandtheflowersinyourhand.②形容詞并列：Mr.Smithisakind,patientandknowledgeableEnglishteacher.③副詞并列：Youaresupposedtoanswerthefollowingquestionsquicklyandaccurately.④謂語動詞并列：WiththeInternet,peoplecannotonlyplaycomputergamesbutalsodoonlineshopping.⑤介詞短語并列：Andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeopleandforthepeopleshallnotperishfromtheearth.⑥從句并列：I’vefinishedreadingthebook(whichiswrittenbyMoYan)and(whichyoulentmelastmonth).⑦非謂語動詞并列：Singingandlaughing,weheadedtothepark.⑧整句并列：Thechildrencangowithusortheycanstayathome.①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(4)方框、下劃線標記出所有的平行并列結構①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism(數字極簡主義),includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學)ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(4)方框、下劃線標記出所有的平行并列結構把學案卷開頭的幾個句子全部做好標注①（_____________________________）(Overthepastdecade),(staying)(insomebodyelse’shome),orsecondhome,(forashort-termbreak)hasbecomethefirstchoice(thatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)made)when(planning)(tovisitacity.)②（____________________）Thegoal(ofthisbook)is(tomakethecase)(fordigitalminimalism(數字極簡主義)),(includingadetailedexploration)of(whatitasks)and(whyitworks),andthen(toteachyou)how(toadoptthisphilosophy(哲學))(ifyoudecide)(thatit’sright)(foryou.)Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③(Inpartone),Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations(ofdigitalminimalism),(starting)(withanexamination)(oftheforces)(thataremaking)somanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable),(beforemovingon)(toadetaileddiscussion)(ofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.)Toargue長難句小節翻譯：(Overthepastdecade),(staying)(insomebodyelse’shome),

orsecondhome,(forashort-termbreak)hasbecomethefirstchoice(thatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)made)when(planning)（tovisitacity.)過去的十年住在別人家里或第二個家短期休息已經成為第一選擇我（和我的伙伴，以及我媽媽，和她的伙伴）做的當計劃拜訪一個城市/去一個城市旅游在過去的十年里，短期住在別人家或第二家已經成為我(和我的朋友們、我媽媽和她的朋友們)計劃游覽一個城市時的首選。Thegoal(ofthisbook)is(tomakethecase)(fordigitalminimalism)(includingadetailedexploration)of(whatitasks)and(whyitworks),

andthen(toteachyou)how(toadoptthisphilosophy)(ifyoudecide)(thatit’sright)(foryou.)目標這本書的辯護/提供理由為數字極簡主義包含一個詳細的探索它要求什么和它為什么起作用和然后教你怎樣采取這種哲學如果你決定它是對的對你這本書的是目標（一）是為數字極簡主義提供理由，（書里）包含了一個關于極簡主義要求什么以及它為什么有效果的詳細探索，以及（目標二是）教會你怎么采取這種哲學，如果你覺得數字極簡主義對你有用。進行小節翻譯時，注意追問，以及大的結構Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③(Inpartone),Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations(ofdigitalminimalism),(starting)(withanexamination)(oftheforces)(thataremaking)somanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable),(beforemovingon)(toadetaileddiscussion)(ofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.)第一部分我描述哲學基礎數字極簡主義的開始以一個檢查，測試力量的那使得那么多人的數字生活越來越難以忍受在繼續之前一個詳細的數字極簡主義哲學的討論為了達到這樣的效果，我把書分成兩個部分。在第一部分中，我描述了數字極簡主義的哲學基礎，先檢查了使許多人的數字生活越來越難以忍受的力量，然后再繼續詳細討論數字極簡主義哲學。自己做題時，不必翻譯到信達雅，能理解即可，注意before的靈活翻譯(2012年江蘇卷)TheDepartmentofAgriculturehasprogramsaimedatdevelopingmorefarmersandatincreasinginterestinlocallygrownfood.(2012年山東卷)Ifyoustartedtodryclothesinthemorningandforgottotakethemout,youcangotoyourphoneandrestartyourdryerforthetimewhenyoucomehome,soyourclothesarerefreshedandreadytogo.(2014新課標1)Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreachitshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdsintheworld.(2024天河區高二期末)Thecompanyislaunchinganewstyleofhomefordementia(癡呆)patientsthroughBoKlok,ajointenterprisewithaconstructioncompanythatmakessustainableandaffordablehousing.(2024天河區高二期末)Designadjustmentsincludetakingmirrorsanddark-coloredflooroutofbathroomsandfittingkitchenapplianceswithold-fashionedknobs,ratherthandigitalcontrols.Practicemakesperfect(2012年江蘇卷)TheDepartment(ofAgriculture)hasprograms(aimed)(atdevelopingmorefarmers)and(atincreasinginterest)(inlocallygrownfood.)(2012年山東卷)(Ifyoustarted)(todryclothes)(inthemorning)andforgot(totakethemout),youcango(toyourphone)andrestartyourdryer(forthetime)(whenyoucomehome),(soyourclothesarerefreshedandready(togo).(2014新課標1)Itwascalculatedthat(whenitspopulationreachitshighestpoint),thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequal(to24to40percent)(ofthetotalbirdpopulation)(intheUnitedStates),(making)

itperhapsthemostabundantbirds(intheworld).(2024天河區高二期末)Thecompanyislaunchinganewstyle(ofhome)(fordementia(癡呆)patients)(throughBoKlok),ajointenterprise(withaconstructioncompany)(thatmakessustainableandaffordablehousing).(2024天河區高二期末)Designadjustmentsinclude(takingmirrorsanddark-coloredfloor)(outofbathrooms)and(fittingkitchenappliances)(withold-fashionedknobs),(ratherthandigitalcontrols).1.農業部有一些項目；旨在培養更多的農民，提高人們對當地種植食品的興趣。2.如果你早上開始烘干衣服并忘了把它們拿出來，那么你可以用手機重新啟動烘干機，這樣在你回到家的時候，衣服已經重新烘干并可以取出來了。3.據計算，當它的數量達到最高點時，有超過30億只候鴿——這個數字相當于美國鳥類總數的24%到40%，使它可能成為世界上數量最多的鳥類。4.該公司通過BoKlok推出了面向癡呆癥患者的新型住宅,

BoKlok是一家與生產可持續和經濟適用的住房的建筑公司合資的企業。5.設計上的調整包括把浴室里的鏡子和深色地板去掉，把廚房電器換成老式的旋鈕，而不是數字控制。參考譯文However,whilemuchfocushasbeenonimprovingaccesstotechnologyforstudents,anareaofdigitalequitythatoftengetsneglectedishowparentsareexpectedtoengagewiththeirchildren’sschools.Parentswhoknowwhatishappeningintheclassroomarebetterequippedtohelptheirchildrensucceedandcancombinelearningathomewithlearningatschool.Parentswhodonothavesmartphonesorpersonalcomputersshouldhavethesameaccesstotheirchildren’steachersasparentswiththelatesttechnology.然而，雖然很多人都在關注如何改善學生獲得技術的機會，但數字公平的一個領域往往被忽視，那就是家長應該如何與孩子的學?；?。研究表明，家庭投入的學生成績更高，適應更快，有更好的行為和社交技巧。了解課堂情況的家長更有能力幫助孩子取得成功，并能將在家學習與學校學習結合起來。?沒有智能手機或個人電腦的父母應該像擁有最新科技的父母一樣，有機會接觸到孩子的老師。Inaddition,platformsthatfocuson“blast”and“mass”typesofmessagingaresufficientfordistributinginformationrelatedtoanentireclassroomorschoolbutmissthemark沒成功

ondevelopingmeaningfulrelationshipswithindividualparentsandcreatingrealengagingopportunities.Positiveschool-homerelationshipsmustgetsupportedasequitablecommunicationisthepathwaytoengagingallparentsinhelpingstudentsachievemoresuccess.此外，專注于“爆炸”和“大眾”類型信息的平臺足以傳播與整個教室或學校相關的信息，但卻無法與個別家長建立有意義的關系，也無法創造真正互動的機會。積極的學校與家庭關系必須得到支持，因為公平的溝通是讓所有家長參與幫助學生取得更大成功的途徑。把長難句中的“三長兩短”“一并列”找出，做好標記后，分小括號翻譯，利用提問回答方式進行翻譯和理解。1.介詞短語，從介詞開始到介詞之后的第一個名詞結束。2.從句：從連詞開始，到句尾、或逗號、或下一修飾成分、或下一謂語動詞結束。3.非謂語：從todo/doing/done開始，到到句尾、或逗號、或下一修飾成分、或下一謂語動詞結束。4.并列結構：找并列詞and,or,but,aswell等等，劃并列項。在

AandB的結構里，先找B(即右并列項)后找A(即左并列項)。SummaryWhileteenagerswhoareatriskofdepressionwithriskybeh