2016年上海中考自主招生：復旦附中自招考試真題（英語）arefedup_______theoldroutine.

A.withB.ofC.atD.on

issucha(n)_______teacherthathasdevotedallhisandenergytohisstudents.

A.conscientiousB.consciousC.academicD.scientific

arelookingforsomeonewitharealsenseof_______tothejob.

A.committeeB.commitmentC.communityD.commission

arefewerworkinghoursintheexecutivejobs,_______thejobstressiscomparativelyhigher.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what

youare_______totheseafood,you’dbetteravoideatingit.

A.sensibleB.sentimentalC.sensitiveD.sensory

thecelebration,fireworkshavebeen_______atthebay.

A.setoutB.setaboutC.setupD.setoff

declaredthewar,fortheybelievedthatcountryhad_______theweaponsofmassdestruction.

A.liberatedB.counteredC.approvedD.proliferated

journalistreportedthe_______ofchildrenlaborswhohadworkedmanydaysonend.

A.expansionB.expeditionC.exploitationD.exploration

WhatisthethingcalledhappinessForcenturies,peopleweretoobusypursuingit39muchtimeanalyzingit.Nowapioneeringbandofresearchershasfinallybaggedtheelusivequarryoratleasttakenitsmeasure.Usingsuchsophisticatednewtools40thefive-itemLifeSatisfactionScaleandtheseven-pointDelighted-terribleScale(Onascaleofonetoseven,howdoyoufeelaboutyourlife),socialpsychologistshaveplumbedtheheartofhappiness.Andtheiranswertotheage-old41isthatitalldepends.

Happiness,thatis,42whatmakes.youfeelhappy,whichiswhypsyc1hologistsoftencallit“subjectivewell-being.”ButfromstudiesofvariousageandpopulationgroupsintheUnitedStatesandabroad,theyhavereachedsome

44atthetopofthechartsisnot,asmanymightexpect,success,youth,goodlooksoranyofthose45assets.Theclearwinnerisrelationship,closeones,followedbyhappymarriage.Supportive,intimateconnectionswithotherpeopleseem46important.Usingsimplesurveyquestions,psychologistDavidMyersfoundthatthe47happypeoplearethoseinunhappymarriages.Happiestarethosewhomarried

48their“bestfriend.”

spendspentspent

instance

inagainstonat

SarahAlexandercelebratedthestartofherlastyearatWellsCollegethewaymanyotherseniorsbeforeherhave.SheranacrossthepicturesquetotheshoresofCayugaLake,whereshejumpedintothewater.

Sodidmanyofherfellowseniors.Butdozensofstudentsdecidedtostayaway,especiallytherelativelyfewnewlyarrivedmalestudents.

WellsCollege,whichsince1868hadeducatedonlywomen,beganacceptingmenthisyearinhopesofbolsteringitsdwindlingenrollment.Formanystudentsandalumnae,itwasacrushingdecision.AfterthecollegeannouncedlastOctoberthatitwouldgocoeducational,abouthalfofthestudentsprotestedandtwofiledalawsuit,whichtheylaterdropped.

Thestudents—33menand383women–campuslatemonthBothsexesarenowtryingtonavigatenewsociallandscape.Mr.Phillipssaid“Youcan’tdoguystuff.Everytimeyouwanttositandwatchsportsoragame,itturnsintoamovie.”Thewomenwere“somewhatnasty.”Icouldseethedirtylooksintheireyes,”hesaid.“ButIwasnotgoingtoletthatstopmefromcoming.”

Wellswasaplacewherewomendidnothavetofussovertheirappearanceorfighttobetakenseriouslybytheirprofessors.Theycouldenjoythecamaraderieoftheircampussistersandtheirplayfultraditions.Besidesjumpingintothelake,thewomendancearoundthemaypoleeachMayandkissthefeetofthestatueofMinerva,theRomangoddessofwisdom,beforeexams.

Ms.Alexandersaid,“Peopletolduswewouldn’tnoticeadifference,butfromthemomentmenarrivedoncampusnotcouldnoticeadifference.Wakingupearlytoputonmakeup,andthat’sodd,”shesaid.

HenryWells,afounderofWellsFargoandafriendofCornell’sbenefactor,EzraCornellestablishedthiscollege,whenwomenwerenotconsideredcapableofhigherlearning.“Givehertheopportunity,”hewrote.

HenryWells,afounderofWellsFargoandafriendofCornell’sbenefactor,EzraCornellestablishedthiscollege,whenwerenotconsideredcapableofhigherlearning.“Givehertheopportunity,”hewrote.

Thegreat-great-great-greatgranddaughterofHenryWells,StephanieRedmond,18,ofWashingtonState,saidthatearlierthisyearaWellsstudenthadtrackedherdownandaskedhertosupporttheprotest.ButMs.RedmondsaidthemovethemovetoadmitmenhadencouragedhertoenrollatWellsthisyearasafreshman.Sheplansonacareerinengineering,amale-dominatedfield,andsaidattendinganall-women’scollegemighthaveputheratadisadvantage.

primaryreasonfortheWellsCollegetoacceptmenisthat.

A.itsenrollmentrateisdecline

B.thecampusislackofvigorandvitality

C.itwillfacethedestinyofbeingcloseddown

D.all-women’scollegemightputawomanatadisadvantage

typicalbehaviorforseniorstodothat.

A.theyjogalongthepicturesquecampus

B.theyswitchsportsprogramstoamovie

C.theycelebratetheiryearbyjumpingintoalake

D.theyswiminCayugaLakeaccompaniedbyfriends

changeafterturningintoacoedcollegeisthat.

A.dirtylooksinwomen’seyeshavedisappeared

B.womengetupearlytomakeup

C.womenarewakingupearlytostudy

D.womendancewithmenaroundthemaypole

attitudeoftheauthoristhat.

A.sheharesatraditionofall-womenschools

B.shecallsonwomeninsupporttheprotest

C.shedislikesthechangeandhopestofilealawsuit

D.sheobjectivelydescribesthenewanduneasycoeducation

ofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue

A.Theenrollmentofmalestudentscausedcontroversy,

B.Thegrandchildrenofthecollegefounderbenefitedmost.

C.Thecurrentpresidentofthecollegewasalsoitsgraduate.

D.Thefounderhopedtogivewomenopportunitiesofhighereducation.

ButwhatisteacherqualityHowcanonemeasureitreliably

AnanalysisisissuedasampleofdataaTexasschooldistrict.Expertsargueconvincinglythatteachereffectivenessshouldbemeasuredbystudents’gainsonstandardizedtests:Mr.SmithispresumablyabetterteacherthanMs.Brownifhisstudentsconsistentlyimprovetheirtestscoresmorethanhersdo.

Thoughthisapproachisappealing,therearetrickyissues.Forexample,whatifMs.Brownteachesinaschoolwherestudentsscoresohighthereislittleroomforimprovement

Theauthorstrytocorrectforthisproblem,aswellasothersortsofmeasurementissues,togenerateameasurementofteachereffectiveness.Thepaperisprimarilyconcernedwithhowthismeasureisrelatedtootherobservableteachercharacteristics.

Thefirstfindingisthatisalargevariationinteachereffectiveness:someteachersconsistentlyhavealargerimpactontheirstudents’achievementthanothers.

Second,easilyobservablecharacteristicslikehavingamaster’sdegreeorapassingscoreontheteachercertificationexamarenotcorrelatedwithteachereffectiveness.

ThenwhatdoesmatterThemostimportantsingleinfluenceisexperience:first-yearteachersaremuchlesseffectivethanothers.Thesecondyearissignificantlybetter,andbythefourthyear,mostteachershittheirstride.

Itisnotentirelyclearwhetherthisexperienceeffectislearningbydoing(themoreyouteach,themoreeffectiveyoubecome)orsurvivalofthefittest(thosewhoarenotgoodatteachingtendtodropoutearly).

Frommyreadingofthepaper,botheffectsappearimportantandthereisnosimpleanswer.Thedatadosuggest,however,thatteachereffectivenessisprettyclearbytheendofthesecondyear,sotheinformationtomakeaninformeddecisionisavailableatthattime.

Theauthorsalsoinvestigatethecontentiousissueofracialmatchingofstudentsandteachers.Heretheyfindstrongevidencethatminorityteacherstendtobemoreeffectivewithminoritystudents.Again,itisunclearwhetherthisisbecauseofarolemodeleffect(studentsrespondbetteroftheirownrace)oranempathyeffect(teachersempathizebetterwithstudentsoftheirownrace)orsomethingelseentirely.

Theauthorsalsolookatteachermobility.Thereissomeevidencethatteacherswhoquitteachingorswitchschoolstendtobebelowaverageineffectiveness.Thisisconsistentwiththesurvival-of-the-fittestmodel.

schoolmastercoulddecidewiselywhethertofurtheremploytheteacherbytheendofthe.

A.thefirstyear

B.thesecondyear

C.thethirdyear

D.thefourthyear

phrase“hittheirstride”mostprob