PAGEUnit2Theuniversallanguage動詞-ing形式作主語和賓語[視察例句]視察下列例句，體會其黑體部分的語法功能1．Learningtounderstandandsharethevaluesystemofawholesocietycannotbeachievedjustinthehome. 作主語2．Takingexerciseeverymorninghelpsmakeonehealthy. 作主語3．IconsiderwaitingabitlongerbeforeIgiveup. 作賓語4．Ican'timaginemarryingsuchawoman. 作賓語5．IkeptstudyingEnglishfor1houryesterdayevening. 作賓語[歸納用法]1．動詞-ing形式作主語(1)往往表示常常性、習慣性的動作，謂語動詞用單數。Swimmingismyfavouritesport.游泳是我最喜愛的一項運動。Collectingstampsishishobby.集郵是他的愛好。[名師點津]動詞-ing形式和不定式都可以作主語。動詞-ing形式作主語表示一般或抽象的多次行為，不定式作主語往往表示詳細的或一次性的動作。作賓語時也是如此。Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火危急。(泛指)Becareful！Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.當心點！玩火會帶來危急。(指一詳細動作)(2)在Itisnouse/nogood/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/awasteoftime/fun等后需用動詞-ing形式作真正的主語，句首的it是形式主語。It'snousewaitingforhimanylonger.再等他是沒有用的。It'sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.爭辯此事就是奢侈時間。(3)當句型“Thereisno...”表示“不允許、禁止某種行為的發生或存在”時，需用動詞-ing形式作主語。Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.這種事開不得玩笑。[即學即練1]單句語法填空①Going(go)tobedearlyandgettingupearlyisconsideredtobeagoodhabit.②Itisnousecomplaining(complain);thecompanywon'tdoanythingaboutit.③Itisworthmaking(make)anappointmentbeforeyougo.2．動詞-ing形式作賓語(1)作動詞的賓語。下面的口訣能幫你記住可接動詞-ing形式作賓語的常見動詞：避開錯過少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)建議完成多練習(advise，finish，practise)喜愛想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can'thelp)承認否定與嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)躲避冒險莫寬恕(escape，risk，excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打開窗子嗎？(2)英語中有一些動詞短語后也常跟動詞-ing形式作賓語。常見的這類動詞短語有insiston，objectto，begoodat，leadto，putoff，giveup，lookforwardto，feellike，devoteto，getusedto，payattentionto，beworth，dreamof等。Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway.他堅持要根據自己的方法做這件事。Ihaveneverdreamedofvisitingthatplace.我從未幻想過要參觀那個地方。(3)有些動詞或動詞短語后跟動名詞或不定式都可以，但意思不同。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(stoptodosth.停下來要去做某事,stopdoingsth.停止做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(meantodosth.想要做某事,meandoingsth.意味著做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(trytodosth.努力/企圖做某事,trydoingsth.試著做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(beafraidtodosth.不敢去做某事,beafraidofdoingsth.膽怯 發生……))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(rememberdoingsth.記得做了某事,remembertodosth.記住要去做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgetdoingsth.遺忘做了某事,forgettodosth.遺忘要去做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(regretdoingsth.懊悔做了某事,regrettodosth.缺憾要去做某事))(4)下列動詞可接動詞-ing的主動形式表示被動意義，相當于不定式的被動形式。need/want/require/deservedoing＝need/want/require/deservetobedone。Thebikeneedseq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(repairing.,toberepaired.))這輛自行車須要修一下。3．動詞-ing的邏輯主語及復合結構當要明確指出動詞-ing所表示的動作由誰發出時，須在動詞-ing之前加上形容詞性的物主代詞或名詞全部格，這樣就構成了動詞-ing的復合結構。其中物主代詞(名詞全部格)是邏輯上的主語，動詞-ing是邏輯上的謂語。動詞-ing的復合結構在句中可作主語、賓語、表語等，分別相當于一個主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句。Hercomingtohelpencouragedallofus.(＝Thatshecametohelpencouragedallofus.)她來幫忙鼓舞了我們全部人。Wouldyoueverhaveimaginedhim/hisbecomingapolitician？(＝Wouldyoueverhaveimaginedthathewouldbecomeapolitician？)你怎能料想到他竟成政治家了。[即學即練2]單句語法填空①Prof.Smithconsideredgiving(give)hisstudentsareadinglistbeforetheystartedthenextchapter.②Whenhecamebackhomefromhisnightshift，Jasontriedtoavoidwaking(wake)hisfamily.③Jane'sbeing(be)carelesscausedsomuchtrouble.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Canyouimagineyourselfstaying(stay)inalonelyisland?2．Ican'tunderstandyourlaughing(laugh)atthatpoorchild.3．Shedidn'tmindworking(work)overtime.4．Tomakealiving，hetriedwriting(write)，buthefailedintheend.5．WearelookingforwardtoMary'scoming(come)．6．Beingexposed(expose)tothesunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoyourskin.7．Hiscoming(come)herewillgetusoutoftrouble.8．Beinginvited(invite)tothepartywasagreathonortothefamily.9．Itisnousecrying(cry)overspiltmilk.10．Itfeelsfunnyspeaking(speak)loudtotheaudience.Ⅱ.短文語法填空EverytimeImention1.taking(take)anexamathome，myparentscan'thelp2.exploring(explore)theresult,3.risking(risk)ruiningtheso-calledharmoniousatmosphere.Parentsarebusy4.winning(win)bread,devotingtheirheartandsoulto5.supporting(support)theirfamilies.Theylookforwardtotheirchildren's6.growing(grow)upbest.Unemploymentanddiseasearetheirbiggestthreatsandpressures.Whoarewillingtorisk7.losing(lose)theirjobs?Parentsandchildrenhavemuchdifficulty8