Unit6AtonewithnatureGrammar-Attributiveclause(3)Inthisclass,youwill1.furtherunderstandthestructureandfunctionsofattributiveclauses.2.mastertheusageof"preposition+relativepronoun"toguiderestrictiveattributiveclauses,andapplytheminrealcontexts.3.reflectontherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature,recognizingtheimportanceofrespectingnature,utilizingandtransformingitreasonably,andlivinginharmonywithit.Learningobjectivesreplacematerialmineralconsumerprioritybeautyv.

以......替換，更換n.材料n.

礦物，礦產n.消費者n.優先處理的事，當務之急n.

美，美麗ReadafterthetapeandspeakouttheChineseimmediately.RetelltheworkingprincipleoftheLongjiRiceTerraces.

Duringtherainyseason,rainwatermovesdownthemountainsalonghundredsofwaterwaysthatconnectwitheachotherandtheterraces.Thesunheatsthewaterandturnsitintovapour.Thisformscloudsfromwhichrainfallsdownontothemountainterracesonceagain.Apreposition+which

Whydidthelocalpeoplebuildterraces?

Whydothelocalpeoplestillkeeptheirtraditionalwayofgrowingrice?b…theseterracesstillmeanalottothelocalpeopleforwhom

traditionsholdmuchvalue.

a…theycouldincreasetheareasinwhich

theycouldgrowrice.What

do“which”and“whom”refertoineachsentence?Whydowe

useprepositionsbefore“which”and“whom”?(They

could

grow

rice

in

the

areas.)inwhich(Traditionsholdmuchvalueforthelocalpeople.)forwhom

a…theycouldincreasetheareasinwhich

theycouldgrowrice.Insentence

(a),canwereplace“inwhich”with“where”withoutchangingthemeaning?inwhich＝where?Yes.a…theycouldincreasetheareasinwhichtheycouldgrowrice…b…theseterracesstillmeanalottothelocalpeopleforwhomtraditionsholdmuchvalue.c…theycouldincreasetheareas.Theycouldgrowcropsintheseareas.d…theseterracesstillmeanalottothelocalpeople.Traditionsholdmuchvalueforthem.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentences?anattributiveclauseapairofsimplesentencesWhydoestheauthorchoosetousesentences(a)and(b)inthereadingpassage?Becausethereis

a

closerlinkandconnection

betweentheitemandtheclausedefiningit.itwillmakethesentences

morespecific,clearandconcise.itwill

highlighttheobjectsbeingdefined.123Why

doestheauthorchoosetousesentences(a)and(b)inthereadingpassage?…whatismostsignificantisthewayinwhichpeoplehaveworkedinharmonywithnaturetomaketheseterracesandgrowrice.Thisforms

cloudsfromwhichrainfallsdownontothemountainterracesonceagain.Lookformoresentenceswithattributiveclausesinthereadingpassage.Connectthesentenceswithapreposition+whom/which.

?TheZhuangisanethnicgroup.?ItspopulationisthelargestofallethnicgroupsinChina.TheZhuangisanethnicgroupofwhich

thepopulation

isthelargestofallethnicgroupsinChina.thepopulationoftheZhuangofwhich?Guangxiisaprovince.?TheLongjiRiceTerracesarelocatedinit.

GuangxiisaprovinceinwhichtheLongjiRiceTerracesarelocated.

?Iwanttovisitthisculturallandscape.?ThetitleofUNESCOWorldHeritageSitewasgiventoitin2016.

IwanttovisitthisculturallandscapetowhichthetitleofUNESCOWorldHeritageSitewasgivenin2016.?Heisexpertonriceplanting.?ThelocalZhuangpeoplehavelearnta

lotfromhim.

HeisanexpertonriceplantingfromwhomthelocalZhuangpeoplehavelearntalot.定語從句Ⅲ

在限制性定語從句中，除了用常見的關系代詞或關系副詞來引導定語從句外，有時也會使用“介詞+關系代詞”來引導定語從句。Focuson基本含義和用法Thisroadwilltakemetotheplace____whichIbelong.根據大意，從句意為“我屬于的地方”。根據短語“belongto”可知空格處應填to。to確定介詞原則二：根據從句動詞、形容詞等構成的短語確定所需介詞。Jackistheveryperson_________Iwillturnwhenintrouble.據題干大意，從句意為“我遇到困難可以求助的人”。“求助”即“turnto”，又因先行詞指人，故答案為

“towhom”。towhomThesongoftentakesmebacktothedaywhentheaccidenthappened.Thesongoftentakesmebacktotheday_____whichtheaccidenthappened.據第一句可知，第二句中which用來指先行詞“theday”，在從句中意為“在這天”，故填介詞“on”。確定介詞原則三：根據先行詞確定所需介詞。on此時“介詞+關系代詞”結構往往可以和關系副詞互換。如：

when=表時間的介詞(in,at,during等)+whichwhere=表地點的介詞(in,at,on,under等)

+which;why=表原因的介詞for+which1.Imetthechild(whom)Ilookedaftertenyearsago.我遇到了十年前我照料過的那個孩子。2.Thisisthepen(that/which)youarelookingfor.這是你正在找的鋼筆。含有介詞的動詞固定短語在定語從句中一般不拆開，在這種情況下，介詞仍然放在后面，如hearfrom，lookafter，lookfor等。注意：實戰高考

WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsuspastmistakes_________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.[2021年天津卷筆試第一次]A.fromwhich B.inwhich C.withwhom D.forwhom1.單選實戰高考①Thisspecialbuildingisaplace__________theatreismadeand________children,artists,writersandanyoneelsehavetheopportunity(機會)todocreativethings.[2022全國甲卷

閱讀理解A篇]這座特殊的建筑是一個建造劇院的地方，孩子、藝術家、作家和其他任何人都有機會在這里做創造性的事情。inwhichwhere2.根據句意填空。實戰高考②Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives(視角)__________tostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.[2021新高考Ⅰ卷

閱讀理解D篇]我們希望在未來幾十年里，科學的進步將提供新的視角來研究人們如何管理自己的生活。fromwhich實戰高考③Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeper___________he’sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction.[2019課標全國卷Ⅰ閱讀理解C篇]withwhom他喜歡坐著安靜地看手機，或者在他想說話的時候，就和他能直呼其名的服務生聊上幾句。3.試翻譯:Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate（協調）theiractions.(2019北京卷七選五)為了解釋這一現象，研究人員探究了一場好的比賽要求隊員們在多大程度上相互配合。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句介詞的確定：1.由主從句的句意決定；2.由從句動詞、形容詞等構成的固定短語確定；3.根據先行詞確定所需介詞。結構：介詞+which(指物);介詞+whom(指人)Wheredonaturaldyescomefrom?Whyarenaturaldyespopular?Nature-plants,insects,seacreaturesandmineralcompounds.?Thecoloursarebrighterandcanbekeptlongerforartistsandcraftspeople.?Byusingnaturaldyes,wecanremindourselvesofnature’sbeautyandprotectthenaturalworld.

Amongthemanybeautifultreasurespeoplecanreceivefromnaturearenaturaldyes.Themostcommonnaturalsource1naturaldyescomeisplants.Materialsformakingnaturaldyescanoftenbefoundingardens2colourfulflowersareplanted.Othernaturaldyesaremadefrominsects,seacreaturesandmineralcompounds.

fromwhichinwhichNatural

dyes

arenowreturningtopopularity,especiallywithartistsandcraftspeople.Thereasons3theyprefernaturaldyesarethatthecoloursarebrighterandcanbekeptlonger.Naturaldyesarealsobecomingmorepopularwithconsumers4caringfortheenvironmentisapriority.Moreandmorepeoplefeelthatbyusingnaturaldyes,wecanremindourselvesofnature’sbeautyandprotectthenaturalworld.forwhichforwhomDoesitonlyprotectnature?

Doesitprotectourhealth,

whenwewearclothesdyedwithnaturaldyes?Whatisgoodtonatureisgoodtoourselves.

1.Heismyfavouriteteacher.Ican’tunderstandthereason__________youdon’tlikehim.2.MissYangisafamouswriter__________alotofteenagershavegreatrespect.3.Itwasrainingheavilythatday__________theymetforthefirsttime.4.MrSmithwasthefirstperson__________NancycommunicatedwhenshearrivedinEurope.5.TherearemanycountriesinAsia,__________Chinaisthelargestone.Ⅰ.用適當的關系代詞填空，必要時加介詞。forwhichforwhomonwhichwithwhomofwhichExercise6.Doyoulikethebook________________shelearnedalot?7.Thetower___________peoplecanhaveagood

viewisonthehill.8.Theman

__________youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour.9.Doyouknowthereason___________hegotangry?10.-CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?-Youshouldtrythebarber’s________Igo.It’sonly15.about/fromwhichfromwhichwithwhomforwhichtowhich1.Ican’trememberthetime.IfirstmetNelsonMandelaatthetime.2.Marywenttotheuniversity.Herfatherstudiedintheuniversity.3.Noonetoldmethereason.JacksonsuddenlymovedtoCanadaforthisreason.II.用定語從句改寫句子。Ican’trememberthetimewhen/atwhichIfirstmetNelsonMandela.Marywenttotheuniversitywhere/inwhichherfatherstudied.Noonetoldmethereasonwhy/forwhichJacksonsuddenlymovedtoCanada.4.Thehighschoolwasnotverylarge.Hismotherworkedinittenyearsago.5.ProfessorYangismyteacher.Ihavelearnedalotfromhim.Thehighschoolwhere/inwhichhismotherworkedtenyearsagowasnotverylarge.ProfessorYangismyteacherthat/whom/whoIhavelearnedalotfrom.ProfessorYangismyteacherfromwhomIhavelearnedalot.III.

用“prep.+which引導定語從句”結構將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.將和我一道旅行的那位朋友對中國的傳統建筑感興趣。

________________________________________________________________________________2.他們以馬鈴薯為食的原因是該地區不適合種植水稻。________________________________________________________________________________ThefriendwithwhomIwilltravelisinterestedinChinesetr