ICS33.160.50

CCSM72

中華人民共和國國家標準

GB/T44218—2024

微型揚聲器測量方法

Methodsofmeasurementformicrospeakers

（IEC63034：2020，Microspeakers，MOD）

2024?07?24發布2025?02?01實施

國家市場監督管理總局

國家標準化管理委員會發布

GB/T44218—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅴ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規范性引用文件········································································································1

3術語、定義和縮略語···································································································1

3.1術語和定義········································································································1

3.2縮略語··············································································································1

4測量條件·················································································································2

4.1額定條件···········································································································2

4.2氣候條件···········································································································2

4.3標準測量條件·····································································································2

5聲學環境·················································································································3

5.1通則·················································································································3

5.2自由場條件········································································································3

5.3半自由場條件·····································································································3

5.4等效自由場條件··································································································3

5.5等效半自由場條件·······························································································3

6微型揚聲器的安裝·····································································································3

6.1微型揚聲器單元的安裝和聲負載·············································································3

6.2微型揚聲器系統的安裝和聲負載·············································································4

6.3標準微障板········································································································4

6.4測量用平面波管··································································································5

7微型揚聲器和測量傳聲器的位置···················································································5

7.1微型揚聲器位置··································································································5

7.2在自由場或半自由場條件下的測量距離····································································6

7.3在等效自由場或半自由場條件下微型揚聲器和傳聲器的位置·········································7

8測量設備·················································································································7

9測量準確度··············································································································7

9.1通則·················································································································7

9.2不需要的聲噪聲和電噪聲······················································································7

9.3安裝的準確度·····································································································7

9.4測量設備的準確度·······························································································8

9.5聲學環境的準確度·······························································································8

10接線端和控制器的標識····························································································8

Ⅰ

GB/T44218—2024

10.1通則················································································································8

10.2正極················································································································8

11測量信號···············································································································8

11.1通則················································································································8

11.2穩態正弦信號····································································································8

11.3正弦掃頻信號····································································································9

11.4離散多音正弦信號······························································································9

11.5寬帶噪聲信號··································································································10

11.6窄帶噪聲信號··································································································10

12預處理················································································································10

12.1環境預處理·····································································································10

12.2預負荷處理·····································································································10

13阻抗····················································································································10

13.1阻抗曲線········································································································10

13.2額定阻抗········································································································11

14微型揚聲器的小信號參數·························································································11

14.1通則··············································································································11

14.2特性解釋········································································································11

14.3測量方法········································································································12

15位移特性··············································································································16

15.1位移曲線········································································································16

15.217

位移直流分量Xdc······························································································

15.317

最大線性位移X·······························································································d

15.418

額定正弦位移X·······························································································s

16幅頻響應··············································································································18

16.1額定頻率范圍··································································································18

16.2頻率響應········································································································18

16.3指定頻帶內的平均聲壓級···················································································18

16.4有效頻率范圍··································································································19

17幅度非線性···········································································································19

17.1總諧波失真·····································································································19

17.2n次諧波失真···································································································20

17.3高次總諧波失真·······························································································20

17.4n次調制失真（n＝2或3）····················································································21

18聽音試驗··············································································································22

18.1正常工作的聽音檢驗·························································································22

Ⅱ

GB/T44218—2024

18.2非常規失真的聽音檢驗······················································································22

19輸入電壓或功率·····································································································22

19.1額定噪聲電壓或功率·························································································22

19.2短期最大輸入電壓或功率···················································································23

19.3長期最大輸入電壓或功率···················································································24

19.4額定正弦電壓或功率·························································································24

20環境測試··············································································································25

20.1溫度范圍········································································································25

20.2濕度范圍········································································································25

20.3低溫貯存試驗··································································································25

20.4低溫壽命試驗··································································································25

20.5高溫貯存試驗··································································································26

20.6高溫壽命試驗··································································································26

20.7高低溫沖擊試驗·······························································································27

20.8恒定濕熱試驗··································································································27

21雜散磁場··············································································································28

21.1概述··············································································································28

21.2靜態分量········································································································28

21.3動態分量········································································································29

22物理特性··············································································································29

22.1尺寸要求········································································································29

22.2質量··············································································································29

23設計數據··············································································································29

參考文獻····················································································································31

圖1標準微障板··········································································································4

圖2標準微障板的分障板······························································································5

圖3平面波管·············································································································5

圖4微型揚聲器的額定幾何條件·····················································································6

圖5微型揚聲器的阻抗曲線·························································································14

圖6峰值位移（peak/bottom）·························································································16

圖7位移曲線···········································································································17

圖8位移的直流分量··································································································17

圖9測試設備方框圖··································································································23

圖10雜散磁場測量裝置······························································································28

Ⅲ

GB/T44218—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導則第1部分：標準化文件的結構和起草規則》的規

定起草。

本文件修改采用IEC63034：2020《微型揚聲器》。

本文件與IEC63034：2020的技術差異及其原因如下：

——增加了“范圍”的有關內容（見第1章）；

——增加了縮略語“RMS”“DFT”“FFT”“THD”（見3.2）；

——用規范性引用的GB/T12060.1替換了IEC60268?1（見4.2、10.1、12.2、19.1.2、第9章~第21

章），以適應我國的技術條件；

——用規范性引用的GB/T12060.2替換了IEC60268?2（見10.1、11.5），以適應我國的技術條件；

——用規范性引用的GB/T3785.1替換了IEC60651（見11.5），IEC60651：1979已被IEC61672?

1：2002和IEC61672?2：2003代替，本文件的引用只涉及IEC61672?1。

本文件做了下列編輯性改動：

——為與現有標準協調，將標準名稱改為《微型揚聲器測量方法》；

——更改了“等效自由場條件”和“等效半自由場條件”中的表述方式（見5.4和5.5）；

——更改了“雜散磁場”中“概述”的表述方式（見21.1）。

請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發布機構不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由中華人民共和國工業和信息化部提出。

本文件由全國音頻、視頻及多媒體系統與設備標準化技術委員會（SAC/TC242）歸口。

本文件起草單位：南京大學、瑞聲聲學科技（深圳）有限公司、歌爾股份有限公司、南京瑯聲聲學科

技有限公司、中國電子技術標準化研究院、江蘇裕成電子有限公司、華為終端有限公司、北京小米移動

軟件有限公司、榮耀終端有限公司、OPPO廣東移動通信有限公司、維沃移動通信有限公司、中國計量

科學研究院、天津博頓電子有限公司、浙江旗聲電子科技股份有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：沈勇、陳思妙、吳志江、楊鑫峰、王涵、董桂官、華克、提純利、董永政、趙天宇、

張楊、周瑜、牛鋒、黃杰、湯赟、韓海云、李棟、朱守經、張海宏、程心坤、馮雪磊、王富裕、張敬祥、張林峰。