臺州市2024屆高三第二次教學質量評估試題

英語

本試卷共10頁.滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號和座位號填寫

在答題卡上。

2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目選項的答案信息點涂

黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案.答案不能答在試卷上。

3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區域內相應

位置上;如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按

以上要求作答的答案無效。

4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔。考試結束后，將答題卡交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂

到答題卡上。

第一節（共5小題;每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選

項。聽完每段對話后，你都有1。秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅

讀一遍。

1.Whatwillthewomandonext?

A.Writeareport.BShopfbradressC.Checkhermailbox.

2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.InahotelBhiahospitalC.hithewoman'shouse.

3Howdotliespeakerstravelmtotowntoday?

A.Bytrain.BBycar.C.Bybus.

4.Whoisprobablytheman?

A.Astampcollector.B.Astampdesigner.C.Astanq?seller.

5.WhathappenedtoChrisandLaura?

A.Theyjusthadababy.B.TheygotmaiTiedlastweek.C.Theyopenedanewrestaurant.

第二節（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選

項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fnends.

7.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?

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A.Washschoolclothes.BCheckschoolwork.C.Pi,eparefood.

聽第7段材料，回答8至10題。

8.Whenwerethespeakerssupposedtomeet?

A.At3:20p.mB.At3:30p.m.C.At3:40p.m.

9.Whywasthewomanlate?

A.Shewasbusymovinghouse.BShecouldn'tfindanywheretopark.

C.Shewenttothecafe'sprevioussite.

10.Whatdoesthenianavoiddniikmgnow?

A.Milk.B.Coffee.C.Juice.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Howdidthemailgetirym-ed?

AHewashitbyacai\B.Hefelloverinagame.C.Hewassteppedonbysomeone.

12.Wluchpartoftheman'sbodyisnyured?

A.Hisknee.B.HisarmC.Hisankle.

13.Wliatwillthewomandonext?

A.Sendthemailhome.BTellthemanwhatheshoulddo.

C.Askmoreabouttheman'scondition.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Wlierewasthewomanwhenherdogwaslost?

A.Inagarden.B.Inaforest.C.Inafield

15.Wliycan,tthewomanfollowherdog?

A.Theareaistoodangerous.BThewoodsaiepnvate.C.Shehashurtherself.

16.Wliatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Lookforthedoginthewoods.B.Callsomeonetohelp.C.GotoTina'shouse.

17.Howdoesthemansound?

A.Grateful.B.Helpful.C.Anxious.

聽第io段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Wliatisthenewsmainlyabout?

A.Governmentpolicychanges.BSevereweathei'impacts.C.Sportseventupdates.

19.Howdidthegovenunentrespondtotliesituation?

A.Itprovidedtenq）oraryshelters.BItstoppedpublictransportation.

C.Itorganizedfimd-raismgactivities.

20.Whatisthesituationoftheannualfoodfestival?

A.Ifsbeingheldasscheduled.BIthasbeencancelled.C.Ithasbeendelayed.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）

第一節（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

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StudentstoCompetein34thNationalScienceBowl?

Thousandsofstudentsfiommiddleaiidhighschoolsacrossthecoimtiyhavecommittedthemselvestoextia

studyhoursastheypreparetocompeteintheDepartmentofEnergy's(DOE,s)34thNationalScienceBowl?

(NSB).Thesestudentsarehaidatworknowtowinthen,regionalconqjetitions,hopingtoadvancetothefilial

competition.

ThefirstregionaleventwilltakeplaceonJanuary13thwithhighschoolsfiomtheDC./Marylandarea.

Teamswillfaceoffuiafast-paced,question-aiid-answerfbiniat,andtheirknowledgeinallareasofscienceand

matlieniaticswillbetested.Regionalswillcontinueweeklyuntilniid-Mairh.

ThewinningteamfromeachqualifyuigregionalcompetitionwillbequalifiedtocompeteintheNational

FinalstobeheldmWaslungton,D.C.,60mApnl25-29,2024,witliallexpensespaidbyDOE.Tlienationalevent

consistsofseveraldaysofscienceactmtiesandsightseemg,alongwiththecompetitions.

hitheNationalFinals,thetoptwoteamswillearnS5,000fortheirschools23*5mathaiidsciencedepartments.

Schoolsi-aiikinginthetop16willreceive$1,000fortheirsciencedepartments.Buttomany,theultimateprizeis

sunplythehonorofwinningtheNationalChampionship.

Today,theNSBannuallydrawsmorethan10,000middleandhighschoolcompetitors.Sincethefirst

competitionin1991,approxunately344,000studentshavefacedoffintheNSBFinals.The2024coi叩etitorswill

followinthefootstepsofpreviousNSBcontestantsandwillblazeatrailfbrstudentsinscience,math,and

engmeeruig.Formoreinfoimation,pleasexisittheOfficeofSciencewebsite.

1.Whichwordcanbestdescnbetheregionalcompetitions?

A.FairBInterestingC.Special.D.Challenging

2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNationalFmals?

AThechampionshipvictoryishighlyvalued.

BTheeventonlyinvolvesfiercecompetitions.

C.MostoftheexpenseswillbecoveredbyDOE.

D.Thepnzemoneywillbeawardedtoindividuals.

3.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsrelease.B.Asurveyreport.

C.Alearningproject.D.Ascientificreview.

【答案】ID2.A3.A

【解析】

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【導語】本文是新聞報道。這篇文章報道了即將舉行的第34屆全國科學碗比賽的相關信息，包括參賽學

生的準備情況、區域賽事的口期和形式、全國總決賽的口期和地點、獎項設置等。

【1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第二段“ThefirstregionaleventwilltakeplaceonJanuary13thwithlughschookfiomtheD

C.,,Maiylandarea.Teamswillfaceoffmafast-paced,question-and-answerformat,andtheirknowledgeinall

areasofscienceandmathematicswillbetested.（第一場地區性活動將于1月13口在華盛頓特區/馬里蘭地區

的高中舉行。參賽隊伍將以快節奏的問答形式進行對決，他們在所有科學和數學領域的知識都將受到考

驗）”可知，他們在所有科學和數學領域的知識都將受到考驗，所以具有挑戰性最能形容地區比賽。故選D

項。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段"IntheNationalFinals,tlietoptwoteamswilleam$5,000fbrtlieirschools'

matliandsciencedepartments.Schoolsrankinginthetop16willreceive$1,000fbrtlieirsciencedepartmentsBut

tomany,theultimatepnzeissimplythehonorofwinningtheNationalChampionship.（在全國總決賽中，前兩名

的隊伍將為他們學校的數學和科學部門贏得5000美元。排名前16位的學校將獲得1000美元的科學系獎

勵。但對許多人來說，最終的獎勵只是贏得全國冠軍的榮譽）”可知，全國總決賽冠軍的勝利是非常重要

的。故選A項。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Today,theNSBannuallydrawsmorethan10,000middleandhighschool

competitors.Sincethefustcompetitionui1991,approxunately344,000studentshavefacedoffintheNSBFinals.

The2024competitorswillfollowinthefootstepsofpreviousNSBcontestantsandwillblazeatiailforstudentsin

science,math,andengineermg.Formoreinfbnnation,pleasevisittheOfficeofSciencewebsite”（如今，NSB每年

吸引超過1萬名中學生和高中生參賽。自1991年首屆比賽以來，大約有344萬名學生參加了NSB決賽。

2024年的參賽者將跟隨以前NSB參賽者的腳步，為科學、數學和工程方面的學生開辟一條道路。欲了解

更多信息，請訪問科學辦公室網站）”以及縱觀全文可知，本文報道了即將舉行的第34屆全國科學碗比賽

的相關信息，包括參賽學生的準備情況、區域賽事的口期和形式、全國總決賽的口期和地點、獎項設置

等，所以應是一篇新聞稿。故選A項。

B

hitheeaily19thcentury,NewEnglandfarmers,tiredofwrestlingwiththeirpoorland,joimieyedtothe

Midwest.InstateslikeIllinoisandIowa,tlieyfbundrich,blacksoil.Unfortunately,manysoonfeltlikethirsty

sailorsinthemiddleoftheocean—watereverywherebutnotadroptodiiiik.Theyweresunoundedbyfertilesoil,

buthadtostopeveryfewsecondstoremovethestickydirtofftheirironplows（犁）withlargewoodenpaddles.

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ThisdilemmacaughttheattentionofJohnDeere,ablacksmithwhomovedtoIllinoisin1836.

Deeredecidedtolookintotheproblem.Fromluspreviouswoikonplows,heknewthatdirtwaslesslikelyto

sticktohighlypolishedmetal.Thatthoughtwasinthebackofhismindwhenhevisitedasawmill（鋸木廠）in

1837andnoticedabrokensawmadeofsteel.Deerebroughtithomeandbeganmakingabetterplow.Theplowhe

wantedwouldhavetocutdeepmtothesoilatashaipanglesotliatdirtwouldfalloff,yetitcouldnotputtoomuch

biudenonthehorsespullingit.Afterseveralexpemnents,Deereconstructedanewplowthatfeatuiedwood

liaiidles.Itprovedasuccess.Unliketheoldironplows,Deere7snotonlyhadabladefiomwhichdirtfellaway

cleanly,butitalsoturnedthesoilmoreefficientlyandquickly.

DemandforDeere'splowsincreasedsharply,butproductionwaslimitedbytheshortageofpolishedsteel.

Initially,Deerecouldonlyproduceafewplowseachyear.However,Deere'spersistencepaidoffashesoiuced

cheapersteelfromPittsbuigh.Amazingly,m1857,hiscompanymanufacturedandsold10,000plows!

Deere,aperfectionist,contmuallyunprovedhisplows,mtioducingmultiplenewversionsmasingleyear.

Whilethissloweddownhisproductionability,itensuredDeereasolidreputationamonghiscustomers.Deere

plowsbecameworldfamousmthe1870swhentheyoutshonethecompetitionmademonstrationinFrance.That

samedecade,hiscompanybuiltitsfirstndingplowanddesignedtheleapmgdeerasitstrademark.

4.Whatwasthemamproblemthenewlysettledfannersmet?

A.Ashortageoffreshwater.B.Alackofrichfanningland.

C.Thetroubleinhandlingthesoilonplows.D.Thedifficultyofgrowingplantsinseason.

5.Whichaspectofthenewplowdoesparagraph2focuson?

A.Itsmuquefeatures.B.Itsoperatingmethod.

C.Itsinventionprocess.D.Itsworkingefi&ciency.

6.Thelastpai,agraphismainlyaboutDeereplows'.

A.widerecognitionB.marketingstrategy

C.technicalstandaidsD.productionchallenges

7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefbrtlietext?

A.AFamedFannerB.ASuccessfulConq）any

C.AStickyProblemD.AHistoricalExperiment

【答案】4C5.C6.A7.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是記敘文。文章講述了19世紀初期，新英格蘭的農民遷移到中西部地區尋找肥沃的土地進

第5頁/共23頁

行耕作，但遇到了土壤粘附鐵犁的問題，鐵匠約翰迪爾發明了一種新犁來解決這一難題。

【4題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第一段"Unfortunately,manysoonfeltlikethirstysailoreinthemiddleoftheocean_water

everywherebutnotadioptodrink.Tlieyweresurroundedbyfertilesoil,buthadtostopeveryfewsecondsto

removethestickydirtofftheirironplows（犁）withlaigewoodenpaddles.（不幸的是，許多人很快就覺得自己像

站在海洋中央的口渴的水手——到處都是水，卻沒有一滴可喝的。他們周圍都是肥沃的土壤，但每隔幾秒

鐘就得停下來，用大木槳清除鐵犁上的粘性泥土）”可知，新定居的農民遇到的主要問題是處理犁上的泥土

很麻煩。故選C項。

【5題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第二段**Deeredecidedtolookintotheproblem.Fromhispreviousworkonplows,heknew

thatdirtwaslesslikelytosticktohighlypolishedmetalTliatthoughtwasinthebackofliismindwhenhevisited

asawmill（鋸木廠）m1837andnoticedabrokensawmadeofsteel.Deerebroughtithomeandbeganmakuiga

betterplow.Theplowhewantedwouldhavetocutdeepuitothesoilatasharpanglesothatdirtwouldfalloff,yet

itcouldnotputtoomuchburdenonthehorsespullingit.Afterseveralexperiments,Deereconstmctedanewplow

thatfeaturedwoodhandles.Itprovedasuccess.Unliketheoldironplows,Deere'snotonlyhadabladefromwhich

dirtfellawaycleanly,butitalsoturnedthesoilmoreefficientlyandquickly.（迪爾決定調查這個問題。從他之前

對犁的研究中，他知道泥土不太可能粘在高度拋光的金屬上。當他在1837年參觀一家鋸木廠時，注意到

一把斷了的鋼鋸時，這種想法就在他的腦海里。迪爾把它帶回家，開始制作更好的犁。他想要的犁必須以

一個尖銳的角度深深地切入土壤，這樣泥土才能掉下來，但它不能給拉它的馬帶來太大的負擔。經過幾次

實驗，迪爾制造了一種以木柄為特色的新犁。它被證明是成功的。與老式的鐵制犁不同，迪爾的犁不僅有

一個可以干凈地清除泥土的刀片，而且還能更有效、更迅速地翻土）”可知，本段關注的是新犁的發明過

程。故選C項。

【6題詳解】

細節理解題。根據最后一段"Deere,aperfectionist,continuallyimprovedhisplows,introducmgmultiplenew

versionsinasingleyear.Whilethissloweddownhisproductionability,itensuredDeereasolidreputationamong

luscustomers.Deereplowsbecameworldfamousinthe1870swhentheyoutshonethecompetitionina

demonstrationinFrance.Thatsamedecade,hiscompanybuiltitsfirstndingplowanddesignedtheleapuigdeeras

itstrademark.（迪爾是個追求完美的人，他不斷改進自己的犁，一年之內就推出了多個新版本。雖然這降低

了他的生產能力，但卻確保了迪爾在客戶中樹立了良好的聲譽。19世紀70年代，迪爾的犁在法國的一次

演示中脫穎而出，從此名揚世界。在同一十年里，他的公司制造了第一輛乘坐式犁，并設計了跳躍的鹿作

為其商標）”可知，本段主要講述了迪爾犁獲得廣泛的認可。故選A項。

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【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據第一段“Intheearly19thcentuiyNewEnglandfarmers,tuedof^Testlingwiththeirpoor

land,joiuneyedtotlieMidwest.InstateslikeIllinoisandIowa,theyfoundnch,blacksoil.Unfortunately,many

soonfeltlikethii'stysailorsinthemiddleoftheocean-watereverywherebutnotadioptodniik.Theywere

siuToundedbyfertilesoil,buthadtostopeveryfewsecondstoremovethestickydirtofftheirironplows（犁）with

laigewoodenpaddles.ThisdilemmacaughttheattentionofJohnDeere,ablacksmithwhomovedtoHlinoisin

183609世紀初，新英格蘭的農民厭倦了與貧瘠的土地作斗爭，來到中西部。在伊利諾斯州和愛荷華州，

他們發現了肥沃的黑土。不幸的是，許多人很快就覺得自己像站在海洋中央的口渴的水手——到處都是

水，卻沒有一滴可喝的。他們周圍都是肥沃的土壤，但每隔幾秒鐘就得停下來，用大木槳清除鐵犁上的粘

性泥土。這種困境引起了1836年搬到伊利諾斯州的鐵匠約翰迪爾的注意）”以及縱觀全文可知，本文講述

了19世紀初期，新英格蘭的農民遷移到中西部地區尋找肥沃的土地進行耕作，但遇到了土壤粘附鐵犁的

問題，鐵匠約翰迪爾發明了一種新犁來解決這一難題，所以C項“AStickyProblem（棘手的問題）”是本文

最好的標題。故選C項。

C

Fivetimesstiongertliaiisteel,spidersilk'suniquequalitieswererecognizedbytheAncientGreeks-and

morerecently,scientistshavelookedatapplicationsfrommedicmetoengmeenng.Now,aJapanesestartup,Spiber,

hasbeguntochangethetextileindustrywiththisremarkablematerial.

Thecompanystalledbymakingasubstituteinthelabthatissimilai,tospidersilkmstructure.Afterstudying

thousandsofdifferentspiderspeciesandothersilk-producmglifefbnns,Spibersuccessfullyproducedan

alternativetospidersilk.Thisbreakthioughwasachievedbyfermenting（發酵）amixtiueofwater,sugar,and

nutrientswithspecialmicrobestoproduceproteinpolymers（聚合物）.Thesepolymersaretlienmadeintofibers,

pavmgthewayfbrarangeofumovativefabrics.

However,shiftingfromlabtopracticalapplicationpresentedchallenges.Ill2015,SpiberpartneredwithTlie

NorthFaceJapantoproducealimited-editionrunof50"NloonParka11jacketstocelebratethe50thanniversaryof

themoonlandings.Butdiumgthedesignprocess,theteamdiscoveredthatspidersilkbecamesmallerwhen

exposedtowater,andhadtotransformtheprotemtomakethefibersuitablefbranoutdoorjacket,whichtookthem

fouryearstoperfect.

Ciinently,thecompanyusessugarcaneandcomfbritsfennentationprocess-ciopsthatuselai'gevolumesof

landandchangefoodresources.Toreduceitsenx^roiinientalmipact,Spiberisdevelopmgaprocesscalled

“biospherecirculation"thatwilltransfbrmdesertedclothesmadefromnatuialniatenalslikecottonintothesugars

neededforfennentation.

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Withapproxunately100billionyen($783million)inftinding,Spiberplanstosignificantlyspeedupits

productionofprotempolymersbytheendof2025.tcMassproductionwillhelpbruigthepnceoffibersdownand

allowSpibertoexpandbeyondthehigli-enddesignerniaiketandtliuswehavethemeanstocreatesolutionsto

enablemorecirculai'fashion,55saysHigashi,headofbusinessdevelopmentatSpiber."It'sourmissiontobang

thosesolutionstotlieworld.n

8.WhatbreakthroughdidSpiberachieveintheearlyreseaich?

A.Itmixedvariousprotempolymers.B.Itproducedasilkmakuigmachine.

C.Itidentifieddifferentspiderspecies.D.Itcreatedareplacementfbrspidersilk.

9Whatwasthechallengeinmakingthe“NloonPal'ka^^jackets?

A.Highdesigncosts.B.Spidersilk'ssensitivitytowater.

C.Limitedrawmaterials.D.Thepartner'sunwillingnesstohelp.

10.WliatcanweknowaboutSpiber5s“biospherecirculation“process?

A.Itwillreplacetheciinentfemientationprocess.

B.Itwilluserecycledmaterialsfbrneededsugars.

C.ItMillpromotethedevelopmentoffoodmdiistiy

DItwillsunplifytheprocedureofclothingproduction.

11.WhatisSpiber'splan?

A.Toraisemoremoneyfbrmassproduction.B.Toincreasetheoutputofproteinpolymers.

C.Toworkwithotherhigli-endfashionbrands.D.Todevelopawideirangeofexpensivefibers.

【答案】8.D9.B10B11.B

【解析】

【導語】本文是新聞報道。文章介紹了一家口本初創公司Spibei?如何利用蜘蛛絲這種獨特材料來改變紡織

業，以及他們在實現這一目標過程中所面臨的挑戰和取得的進展。

【8題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第二段“Thecompanystartedbymakingasubstituteinthelabthatissimilartospidersilkin

structure.Afterstudyingthousandsofdifferentspiderspeciesandothersilk-producinglifefbnns,Spiber

siiccessftillyproducedanalternativetospidersilk(該公司首先在實驗室制造了一種結構類似蜘蛛絲的替代

品。在研究了數千種不同的蜘蛛種類和其他產絲的生命形式后，Spiber成功地生產出了蜘蛛絲的替代品)”

可知，Spiber在早期研究中創造了蜘蛛絲的替代品。故選D項。

【9題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第三段“In2015,SpiberpaitneredwithTheNorthFaceJapantoproducealimited-editionrun

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of50"MoonParka11jacketstocelebratethe50thanniversaryofthemoonlandings.Butduringthedesignprocess,

theteamdiscoveredthatspidersilkbecamesmallerwhenexposedtowater,andhadtotransfbnntheproteinto

makethefibersuitableforailoutdoorjacket,whichtookthemfburyeai'stopeiiect.（2015年?Spiber與TheNoitli

FaceJapan合作，推出了限量版的50件“MoonParka”，以慶祝人類登月50周年。但在設計過程中，研

究小組發現，蜘蛛絲遇水會變小，他們必須將蛋白質轉化為適合戶外夾克的纖維，這花了他們四年的時間

來完善）”可知，制作"MoonParka"的挑戰是蜘蛛絲對水的敏感性。故選B項。

【10題詳解】

細節理解題。根據倒數第二段"Toreduceitsenvironmentalimpact,Spiberisdevelopingaprocesscalled

""biospherecl^culatlon^^thatwilltransfdrmdesertedclothesmadefromnaturalmatenalslikecottonintothesugars

neededfbr企rmentatioiL（為了減少對環境的影響，Spibei?正在開發一種名為“生物圈循環”的工藝，將廢棄

的衣服（由棉花等天然材料制成）轉化為發酵所需的糖）”可知，Spiber的“生物圈循環”過程，將使用回收

材料生產所需的糖。故選B項。

【11題詳解】

細節理解題。根據最后一段"Withapproxunately100billionyen（$783million）infimding,Spiberplansto

significantlyspeedupitsproductionofproteinpolymersbytheendof2025.（Spiber獲得了約1000億口元（7.83

億美元）的資金，計劃在2025年底前大幅加快其蛋白質聚合物的生產速度）”可知，Spiber的計劃是增加蛋

白質聚合物的產量。故選B項。

D

Wheninstantcakemixesfirstappearedmthe1950s,Americanhousewivesweredoubtful.Thesemixes,

pronusmgeasycake-baking,felttooeasy.Themanufacturersdiscoveredthatrequiringtheadditionofanegginthe

bakingprocesswasjustenoughtomakethehousewiveshappywiththeirwork.Tliegi-eatersenseofeffortgamed

fromalittleextralaborisbelievedtohavebeenessentialtothelatersuccessofthecakemix.

ThisreflectstheIKEAe任ect（宜家效應），whichisidentifiedbypsychologistMichaelI.Nortonandhis

colleagues,suggestingweplacegreatervalueontilingswehaveworkedtocreate.Theyconductedfourstudiesm

whichtheyaskedparticipantstofoldpapercranesandfrogs,assembleIKEAboxes,andbuildsetsofLegos.They

thenaskedthebuilderstobid（出價）fortheircieations,andcompaiedthepuceswithbidsfrompeoplewhohadn't

builtthem.Tliebuildersconsistentlyoutbidthenon-builders.

Interestmgly,tlieIKEAeffectwoiksevenwhenpeoplehavenoopportunitytofullypersonalizetheir

creations.Wlulemostparticipants7foldmgskillsleftmuchtobedesned,theylovedtheirimperfectlypersonalized

productsallthemore.Buildersvaluedtheirwrinkledcrane-likecreationsneailyfivetimesasmuchasnon-

builders.Beauty、itseems,isintheeyenfthebuilder.

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Today,ascitiesaresuffenngfiomseverehousingcrises,theIKEAeffectcangiveusinsightintothewell-

beingbenefitsofaself-buildmgapproachtohousingdevelopment.ProjectslikeWikiHouseandthe"halEa-house”

approachpioneeredbyAlejandroAravena'sarchitecturecompanyElementalareworkingtomakehousingmore

affordableandsustainablebymakingiteasierforpeopletobuildandpersonalizetlieirownhomes.

“Themomentpeopleareinvolvedwiththeirbuiltenvironment,theyhaveatotallydifierentrelationshiptoit,“

WikiHouseco-fbiinderAlastau,Paivmexplained."Whentheroofstartsleakingoradoorstartscreaking,theyhave

thepowertofixitthemselves.

12.Wliatbroughtcustomersthejoyofcake-bakuigaccordmgtopaiagraph1?

AAbettertaste.B.Aneasyapproach.

C.Adetailedrecipe.D.Anadditionaleffort.

13.Wliatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3imply?

A.Creationsai,ebasedonskills.B.Extralaborincreasesperceivedvalue.

C.Beautyisfoundthioughcontiast.D.Stnctmanagementbimgsgoodquality.

14.WliatisAlastairParvin'sattitudetowardspublicinvolvementinhousing?

A.Cntical.BObjective.C.Doubtfill.D.Supportive.

15.Whafstheprnposeofthistext?

ATopromoteabrand.BTomakeaproposal.

C.Toexplainaconcept.D.Tointroduceastudy.

【答案】12.D13.B14D15.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是說明文。本文通過討論宜家效應以及幾個實驗研究的結果，論述了人們更加珍視自己親手

創造的東西，并由此引發了對自我建造住房的好處的思考。

【12題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第一段"Themaiiufactiuersdiscoveredthatrequiringtheadditionofanegginthebaking

processwasjustenoughtomakethehousewiveshappywiththeirwork.Thegreatersenseofeffortgamedfioma

littleextralaborisbelievedtohavebeenessentialtothelatei*successoftliecakemix.（制造商發現，在烘焙過程

中加入一個雞蛋就足以讓主婦們對自己的工作感到滿意。從一點點額外的勞動中獲得的更大的努力感被認

為是蛋糕粉后來成功的關鍵）”可知，額外的努力給顧客帶來了蛋糕烘焙的樂趣。故選D項。

【13題詳解】

詞句猜測題o根據前文“Interestingly,theIKEAeffectworksevenwhenpeoplehavenoopportunitytofiilly

personalizetheircreations.Whilemostparticipants'foldingskillsleftmuchtobedesued,theylovedtheir

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imperfectlypersonalizedproductsallthemore.Buildersvaluedtheirwrinkledcrane-likecreationsneailyfivetimes

asmuchasnon-builders.（有趣的是，即使人們沒有機會完全個性化他們的作品，宜家效應也會起作用。雖然

大多數參與者的折疊技巧還有很多不足之處，但他們更喜歡自己不完美的個性化產品。建筑商對他們皺巴

巴的像起重機一樣的創造物的估價幾乎是非建筑商的五倍）”可知，本段主要講述額外的勞動會讓參與者更

喜歡自己的作品，所以Beauty,itseems,ismtheeyeofthebuilder.意為“額外的勞動增加了感知價值”。故

選B項。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最后一段“"Themomentpeopleareinvolvedwiththeirbuiltenvironment,theyhaveatotally

differentrelationshiptoit,“WikiHouseco-founderAlastairParvinexplained.ctWlientheroofstartsleakingora

doorstai-tscreaking,theyhavethepowertofixitUiemselves/'CWikiHouse的聯合創始人AlastairParvin解釋

說：“當人們參與到他們的建筑環境中時，他們與環境的關系就完全不同了?！薄爱斘蓓旈_始漏水或門開

始吱吱作響時，他們有能力自己修理?？芍?，AlastairParvin認為公眾參與住房建設，他們與環境的

關系就完全不同了，所以是持支持的態度。故選D項。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第二段“ThisreflectstheIKEAeffect（宜家效應）,whichisidentifiedbypsychologist

MichaelLNortonandhiscolleagues,suggestingweplacegreatervalueonthingswehaveworkedtocreate.Tliey

conductedfburstudiesmwhichtheyaskedparticipantstofoldpapercranesandfrogs,assembleIKEAboxes,and

buildsetsofLegos.Theythenaskedthebuilderstobid（出價）fortheii-creations,andcompaiedthepriceswith

bidsfiompeoplewhohadn'tbuiltthemThebuildersconsistentlyoutbidthenon-builders.（這反映了心理學家邁

克爾f?諾頓（MichaelINorton）及其同事發現的宜家效應（IKEAeffect）,即我們更看重自己努力創造的東西。

他們進行了四項研究，要求參與者折疊紙鶴和青蛙，組裝宜家盒子，搭建樂高積木.然后，他們要求建筑

商為他們的作品出價，并將價格與沒有建造這些作品的人的出價進行比較。建筑商的出價始終高于非建筑

商）”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要解釋什么是宜家效應（IKEAeffect）,所以本文的目的是解釋一個概念。

故選C項。

第二節（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項.

IrunalotofwritingworkshopsinsecondaiyschoolsandwhatIoftenseeisthis:teenagersinclassjustlook

attheblankpageandfreeze.EvenwhenIassurethemtheycan'tgetitwrongmcreativewriting,tlieystillpause

andfeelpamfiil,lookingtomeforclearanddefiniteuistructions.Thisbehaviorresultsfromtlien,trauungtonuinic

（模仿）.16Intune,theyaietemfiedofgettingthingswrongandaskingfailure.Creativityisnolonger

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advocatedandisevenviewedasasoftskill,orevenaweakness.

However,creativityishighlyvaluedbyenq）loyers.AccordingtoTheConversation,creativityhasbeenthe

number-oneskilldemandedby20imllionjobadsonLinkedlnfortwoyeai,sinarow.17Duetolimited

educationalresoiuvesandassessmentpressures,teenagers5thuikingbecomesincreasinglynarrow,leavingthem

afiaidtoexploreotlierpossibilities.

18Ifsjustanabilitytomakenewconnectionsandfollowwheretheygo.Actually,creativityrequues

qualitiesavailabletousall:courage,observation,cunosity,flexibilityandperseverance.

Sohowdowehelpteenagersbehopefillandbtave?Firstly,weneedtoavoidtheideathattheirentnefutures

dependonthisveryassignmentorthatdecision.19Thereisnonglitwaytolivealife.Secondly,lefs

encouragemquiry.Childienarenatui'allycunoiis,buttinscmiosityoftenfadesastheygrowolder,althoughitstill

existswithinthem.Justbecausetheylackanswersdoesn'tmeantheyshouldn'taskquestions;rather,theyshould

askevenmore.20