貴州省黔東南州2024屆高三下學期二模英語試卷

學校：___________姓名：班級：___________考號：

一'閱讀理解

TakeAScenicRideOnTheWorld'sSteepestRailwayForPassengers-IfYouDare!

Originallybuiltforminingin1878,theScenicRailwayisnowatouristridethatcantake

yourbreathaway!IntheBlueMountainsofNewSouthWales,Australia,theformermining

railwaybecameatouristattractionin1945.ItcurrentlyholdstheGuinnessWorldRecordsas

thesteepestpassengertrainwiththesteepestrailwaygradient（坡度）.

Thegradientof52degreesiscomfortablyviewedfrominsidean84-seat,glass-enclosed

carriagecar.Thepassengercartravelsalongonacable-drivensystemofrailsasitnavigates

thesteepterrain.Duringthetour,passengerswillseethetraintravelthroughsandstonecliffs

andarocktunnelnexttoOrphanRock.

OrphanRockwasonceavailablefortrailclimbing.Followingrockslidesinthe1950s,

thetrailwaspartiallyclosed.Thetrailaccesswascompletelyclosedin1974andnever

reopenedduetopotentialrisks.

OntheScenicRailway,youwillseestunningviewsfromaslightlydifferentanglethan

OrphanRock.Therailwayisopeneverydayoftheyear,makingthetripalongtherailsevery

tenminutes.

Sight-seeingpassengerscanridethesteepestrailwayupfromtheJamisonValleyor

travelonthecablecar.EitheroptionaffordsincrediblescenicviewsoftheBlueMountains.

Theglassroofinthepassengercarsallowsforafantasticviewfromeveryseatonthetrain.

Justtakealookforyourself!

1.WheremighttheScenicRailwayoriginallyleadto?

A.Amine.B.Avillage.C.Amountain.D.Avalley.

2.WhatcanbeknownaboutthetrailaccesstoOrphanRock?

A.Itisarocktunnel.B.Itisoutofuse.

CItispartiallyopen.D.Itisa10-minutetrip.

3.WhatmightbetheScenicRailwaytriplike?

A.Eco-friendly.B.Absurd.C.Demanding.D.Adventurous.

Atfirstglancetheseaturtleslookasiftheyweredeadbecausetheyhardlymove.Butif

youlookcloselyenough,theyshowaslowglimpseoflife.Theseturtlesareallwashedupin

MassachusettseveryDecember,onthewindybeachesofCapeCodBay.

Shaver,chiefoftheDivisionofSeaTurtleScienceandRecoveryatPadreIsland

NationalSeashoreinTexas,said,“Ifwedon'thelpsavethisspecies,wewillloseapiecethat

enrichesus.There'sawholevarietyofthingsthatcanharmthem:oilspills,boatstrikes,red

tides,andsoon."Thatiswhyalltheurgentcarethey'regettingbackupNorthismore

importantthanever.

Savingcouldneverhappenunlesshundredsofpilotswerewillingtovolunteertheirtime,

theirplanes,andtheirfueltorushtherescuedturtlestowillingrehabfacilities（康復中心）all

aroundthecountry.

Onthisparticularmission,Andrews,vicepresidentofauniquenonprofitcalledTurtles

FlyToo,withhisdadasaco-pilot,willflymorethan2,000miles,fromBoston,toAtlanta,

thenontoGulfportandfinallyDallas,droppingoff44sickseaturtlesalongtheway,inhopes

thatonedaythey'llbewellenoughtobereleased.Itisworthmentioningthatthepilotsthat

areflyingthesemissionsarepulling$1millionoutoftheirpockettoflythesemissionsevery

year.

Withgoodcareandthehelpofvolunteers,theseturtleswerefinallyreadytogohome

again.AccordingtoAndrews,“90%oftheturtlesthatwe'vemovedtotherehabfacilities

haveendedupbackintheocean.^^

“Wehumanshavenotalwaysbeenkindtotheseaandthosethatliveinit.Butonthis

day,itwashumans-notme,butthehundredsofveterinarians,biologists,volunteers,and

pilots——whoallcametogethertogivethesecritically-endangeredseaturtlesasecondchance

thattheyrarelygot,“Andrewsadded.

4.WhathappenstotheturtlesonthebeachesofCapeCodBay?

A.Theyaredyingout.B.Theyadapttolivingonshore.

C.Theyareindanger.D.Theyarecaughtbyhumans.

5.HowdidShaversoundwhenspeakingoftheturtlerescue?

A.Thrilled.B.Concerned.C.Annoyed.D.Moved.

6.Whatcontributesmosttotheturtles'returninghome?

A.Thepilots9generousdevotion.B.Thedivision'surgentcare.

C.Therehabfacilities9willingnesstohelp.D.Theimprovementoftheturtles9habitats.

7.Whatcanwesayabouttherescuingresult?

A.Itisunsatisfactory.B.Itislesseffective.

C.Itiscontroversial.D.Itquitepaysoff.

Faceblindness,amystifyingconditionthatcantrickusintobelievingwerecognize

peoplewe'venevermetormakeusfailtorecognizethosewehave,hasbeenpreviously

estimatedtoaffectbetween2and2.5percentofpeopleintheworld.Now,anewstudyby

researchersatHarvardMedicalSchool（HMS）andtheVABostonHealthcareSystemis

providingfreshinsightsintothedisorder,suggestingitmaybemorecommonthancurrently

believed.

PublishedinFebruary2023inCortex,thestudyfindingsindicatethatasmanyasonein

33peoplemaymeetthecriteriaforfaceblindness,orprosopagnosia（面孑L失認癥）.“This

translatestomorethan10millionAmericans,9,theresearchteamsaid.

Thestudyfoundsimilarface-matchingperformancebetweenpeoplediagnosedwith

prosopagnosiausingstrictervsloosercriteria,suggestingthatdiagnosticcriteriashouldbe

expandedtobemoreinclusive.Thatcouldleadtonewdiagnosesamongmillionswhomay

havethedisorderbutdon'trealizeit.

Thestudyresultsarebasedonaweb-basedquestionnaireandtestsadministeredto3,341

individuals.First,theresearchersaskedparticipantswhethertheyexperiencedifficulties

recognizingfacesintheireverydaylives.Thentheyadministeredtwoobjectiveteststo

determinewhethertheyhaddifficultieslearningnewfacesorrecognizinghighlyfamiliar

famousfaces.

Theresultsshowedthat31individualsoutofthe3,341hadmajorprosopagnosia,while

72ofthe3,341hadamilderform.Theresearchersalsoobservedthattherewerenoneatly

dividedseparategroupsofpeoplewithpoororgoodabilitytorecognizefaces.Rather,the

abilitytorecognizefacesappearedtolieonacontinuum（連續體）.

Finally,theresearcherscomparedface-matchingscoresamongpeoplewith

prosopagnosiadiagnosedusingdifferentcriteriaandfoundthatusingstricterdiagnostic

cutoffsdidnotcorrespondwithlowerface-matchingscores.

Inthenewstudy,theresearchersprovidediagnosticsuggestionsforidentifyingmildand

majorformsofprosopagnosiabasedonguidelinesformajorandmildneurocognitive

disordersintheDSM5,the5theditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMental

Disorders.

8.Whichofthefollowingindicatesapersonhasfaceblindness?

A.Failingtoidentifyhisbelongings.

B.Beingabletorecognizehisfriends.

C.Mistakingastrangerforanacquaintance.

D.Misunderstandingones'facialexpressions.

9.Whatquestionissuretobeincludedinthequestionnaire?

A.Doyouhavetroublerecognizingfaces?

B.Doyouknowwhatfaceblindnessmeans?

C.Doyouknowanybodywithfaceblindness?

D.Doyouexperiencedifficultiesineverydaylife?

10.WhatdoweknowabouttheDSM5?

A.Itcameupbasedonthenewstudy.

B.Ithasexperiencedfourrevisions.

C.Itisonlyusedtoidentifyfaceblindness.

D.Itparticipatedinandfundedthenewstudy.

11.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Afictionnovel.B.Afashionwebsite.

C.Ahealthbrochure.D.Asciencemagazine.

Plastic,whichisnowcommon,containsendocrine-disruptingchemicals,orEDCs(內分

泌干擾物)，thathasbeenlinkedtoincreasedriskofmanychronicdiseases.Parentalexposure

toEDCs,forexample,hasbeenshowntocausemetabolic(新陳代謝的)disorders,including

obesityanddiabetes,inthelatergenerations.

LedbyChangchengZhou,aprofessorofbiomedicalsciencesintheSchoolofMedicine

attheUniversityofCalifornia,theresearchersinvestigatedtheimpactoffathers9exposureto

aphthalatecalleddicyclohexylphthalate,orDCHP(鄰苯二甲酸二環己酯),onthe

metabolichealthoffirstgeneration(Fl)andsecondgeneration(F2)inmice.Phthalatesare

chemicalsusedtomakeplasticmoredurable.

Theresearchersfoundthatfathers9DCHPexposureforfourweeksledtohighinsulin(胰

島素)resistanceandimpairedinsulinsignalinginFl.Thesameeffect,butweaker,wasseen

inF2.

“Wefoundfathers9exposuretoEDCsmayhaveintergenerationalandtransgenerational

detrimentaleffectsonthemetabolichealthoftheirlatergenerations,"Zhousaid."Tothe

bestofourknowledge,ourstudyisthefirsttodemonstratethis.”

Inthecaseoffathers9exposureinthestudy,intergenerationaleffectsarechangesthat

occurduetodirectexposuretoastressor,suchasexposuretoDCHPoffathers(FO

generation)andhisFlgeneration.Transgenerationaleffectsarechangespasseddowntolater

generationsthatarenotdirectlyexposedtothestressor(forexample,F2generation).

“Thissuggeststhatfathers'DCHPexposurecanleadtosex-specifictransgenerational

effectsonthemetabolichealthoftheirlatergenerations/9Zhousaid.

ZhoustressedthattheimpactofexposuretoDCHPonhumanhealthisnotwell

understood,eventhoughDCHPiswidelyusedinavarietyofplasticproductsandhasbeen

detectedinfood,water,andindoorparticulatematter.

“It'sbesttominimizeouruseofplasticproducts/9Zhousaid.“Thiscanalsohelpreduce

plasticpollution,oneofourmostpressingenvironmentalissues."

12.Whyarephthalatesaddedtoplastic?

A.Tobeautifyit.B.Tomakeitlong-lasting.

C.Toreduceitscost.D.Toincreaseitsweight.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental“inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Negative.B.External.C.Distinct.D.Adventurous.

14.WhatdidZhouadvisepeopletodo?

A.Buryplasticwaste.B.Watchoutforthefoodtheyeat.

C.Usefewestplasticproducts.D.Neverproduceplasticproducts.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Plasticcontainsendocrinedisruptingchemicals

B.Plasticpollutionisapressingenvironmentalissue

C.DCHPiswidelyusedinavarietyofplasticproducts

D.Chemicalsinplasticmayimpacttwogenerations9health

二、七選五

16.HowToSpendTheHolidaysProductively?

Togetthemostoutofyourholidays,youcanmakeacalendarofthethingsyouneedto

doandscheduleintimeforamixtureoffunactivitiesandproductivetasks.

Createacalendarofeverythingyouwanttodoovertheholidays.Ifyouwanttokeep

yourselfonaregularscheduleoveryourholidaybreak,makingacalendarcanhelpyoustay

organized.?Then,workeverythingelsearoundthoseevents.

Spendtimelearningorimprovingaskill,acraft,orahobby.Ifyouhavealotoffreetime

overtheholidays,tryusingthattimetolearnsomethingnew.②Oryoumighttry

learningtoplayanewsongifyouplaytheguitar.Youcanalsotrysomethingtotallynew,

likecross-stitching,buildingamodelcar,orbrewingbeer.

(3)Thehustle('忙碌)oftheholidayscansometimesbestressful,andthereare

usuallyalotoftastytreatstotemptyouintoeatingunhealthily.Luckily,youcanhelp

counteractbothofthesethingsbyspendingabout30minutesadayexercising.Forinstance,

youmightgoforajogonatrack,trysomelightaerobicexercise,ordoweighttraining.

Volunteertohelpoutinyourcommunity.④Mostcommunitieshaveayear-

roundneedforvolunteers,althoughyoumayfindthattherearemoreopportunitiesaround

theholidayseason,whenmanyorganizationsrunextraclothingandfooddrives.

Createaplanfortheyearahead.Astheyeardrawstoaclose,takealittletimetothink

aboutyouryearahead.⑤

A.Exerciseeachdaytostayhealthyandrelievestress.

B.Startbyfillinginthemostimportantthingsyouneedtodo.

C.Setasidetimeforanyworkorschoolworkyouneedtogetdone.

D.Youmightpracticeanewdrawingtechniqueifyouloveart,forinstance.

E.Lookonlineorreachouttononprofitsinyourareatofindouthowyoucanhelp.

F.Spendyourholidaybreakbuildingcontactsbylookingupnetworkingeventsnearyou.

G.Bysettingclear,achievablegoalstoaccomplish,you'llstayfocusedthroughouttheyear.

三、完形填空（15空）

AsheepinScotland,knownasthe"loneliestsheep”,wasstuckatthebottomofaclifffor

overtwoyears.Agroupoffarmersmadeittheir1torescuethesheep.Thesheepwas

first2in2021byakayaker（皮戈ll艇運動員）andhadbeenunabletomovefromthat

3sincethen.Localagencieswere4butsaidthesheepwasnotindangerand

couldnotberescued.Oneofthefarmers,Wilson,namedthesheepFionaandprovided

5aboutheronhissocialmediaaccount.

Wilsonexplainedthatitwastoo6toattemptarescueearlierduetothedangerous

locationofthesheep.Heexpressedconcernsaboutthesafetyoftherescuersandthe

difficultyof7thesheepbyboatorwithadog.However,aftercareful8、

WilsonandfourothermensuccessfullyrescuedFionausingheavy9andawinch（絞

車）.They10broughthertotheslopeofthecliff.

TheScottishSocietyforPreventionofCrueltytoAnimalswaspresentto11

thewelfareofthesheep.TheyconfirmedthatFionawasingood12butneededher

wooltobesheared（剪）.Theownershipofthesheepwastransferredtothe13

groupoffarmers.

Wilson14therisksinvolvedintherescueandexpressedgratitudeforthe

successful15.

17.A.wayB.destinationC.burdenD.mission

18.A.discoveredB.witnessedC.employedD.followed

19.A.baseB.formC.spotD.extent

20.A.hesitatingB.urgentC.optimisticD.sympathetic

21.A.accountsB.updatesC.benefitsD.identities

22.A.illegalB.expensiveC.riskyD.complex

23.A.reachingB.findingC.defendingD.caring

24.A.identifyingB.planningC.disguisingD.defining

25.A.substanceB.materialC.handD.equipment

26.A.frequentlyB.physicallyC.safelyD.openly

27.A.provideB.ensureC.guideD.promote

28.A.conditionB.potentialC.moodD.fashion

29.A.charityB.protectionC.rescueD.cheering

30.A.reflectedonB.broughtinC.brokedownD.calledup

31.A.incidentB.sceneC.barrierD.outcome

四、短文填空

32.ThisIsLife,adocumentaryfilm,issettogracethenation'sbigscreensonJan.13.

Thefilmfeaturesmorethan800shortvideos①(shoot)by509ordinarypeople

fromall②(walk)oflife,especiallymanuallaborersandfarmers.Thevideos(3)

(select)bytheproductioncrewoverthecourseofayearfrom④totalof

morethan50,000videoclips(片段).

Bygatheringtheshortvideofootage,thefilmengagesordinarypeopleinitscreationand

presentstheirauthenticlifeexperience,⑤(allow)thosewhoareofteninadequately

representedinmainstreamcinemastotakecenterstage.

Accordingtothefilm'sdirectorSunHong,bygathering,selecting⑥

compiling(編輯)videoclipsfromavastdatabase,thefilmpresentshowpeoplerecordtheir

ownlives,whichpossessesapowerofauthenticityeven⑦(great)thantraditional

documentaries.

Inthefilm,theaudiencewillseeconstructionworkersworkingoutontheconstruction

siteduringtheirsparetime,fishermentalkingtotheircormorantsandteasingtheirgreediness

forfish,orboatmencelebratingarareday(8)theycouldusetapwater.

“Itisourcreativeeffort,asdocumentaryfilmmakers,⑨(present)anauthentic

facetofChina,highlightinghoweachindividualestablishesthemselvesina⑩

(rapid)developingsociety,,5saysSun.

五、書面表達

33.假定你是李華，你是你班春季運動會負責人，你想邀請你的交換生同Jason參加

4x100米接力賽(4x100mrelay)。請你給他寫一封電子郵件，內容包括：

1.運動會情況介紹；

2.發出邀請；

3.期待回復。

注意：

1.寫作詞數應為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearJason,

Howareyoudoing?

Yours,

LiHua

六、讀后續寫

34.閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短

文。

Agoldenhazesettledoverthecornfields.Thesunpreparedtorestfortheevening,andI

intendedtofollow.Sayinggoodbyetotheclan（宗族）Iwasstayingwith,Iheadedbackto

camp.Ilookedforwardtosettingmycameraasideforaneveningtoreflectonmytimein

Ethiopia.

Itwasn'tlongwhenIheardavoicebehindme,“Photo,photo,photo."AyoungSurma

boyabouteightyearsoldfollowedcloselyatmyheels.Ibreathedatiredsigh.Ihadno

energytopresstheshutterbuttononemoretime,nomatterhowbeautifuloreagerhewas.

Overthepastfourdays,manyinthecamphadwantedtheirphotographtaken.Ihoped

theboywouldfindsomeoneelsetosnaphisphotograph,buthekeptfollowingmeand

saying,“Photo,photo,photo."Hemanagedtocatchmyeye.Witheyeswidefullofhope,he

askedmeagainwithanticipationonhisface.

AsIlookedathim,halfinterested,anideaforacompositionflashedinmymind.

Ikneeledinthecornfieldandinstructedtheboywheretostandandhowtopose.AsI

preparedtotakethephotograph,hisenergysuddenlyshiftedfromeagernesstoshynessto

fear.

NomatterwhatItoldhimtodo-howtostandandhowtolook-Ijustcouldn'tgetthe

shot.Frustrated,Igaveup.Ilookedattheboy,wholookedaloneandawkward.He'dwanted

hisphotographtaken,andnowhe'dgonecamera-shy.

Inanefforttocheerhim,Iclappedmyhands,saying,“Thatwasgreat.Youweregreat.99

Othersinhisclangatheredaround,cheeringandclappingloudly.Theboy'sfaceimmediately

brokeintoasmile.Iintuitively（憑直覺地）tookafewshotsofthemoment.Thatphotograph

turnedouttobebetterthanI'dimagined.

注意：

L續寫詞數應為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

IprintedalargecopyofthephotographandreturnedtotheSurmaboy'sclan.

AsIleftEthiopia,IheldontothememoryoftheSurmaboy'sjoyoustearsandthe

collectivehopeofhisclan.

參考答案

1.答案：A

解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中“Originallybuiltfbrminingin1878,theScenic

Railwayisnowatouristridethatcantakeyourbreathaway!（這條風景鐵路最初是1878年

為采礦而建的，現在是一條可以讓你窒息的旅游線路！）”可知，這條風景鐵路原本可

能通往一個礦井。故選A。

2.答案：B

解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中“OrphanRockwasonceavailablefortrailclimbing.

Followingrockslidesinthe1950s,thetrailwaspartiallyclosed.Thetrailaccesswas

completelyclosedin1974andneverreopenedduetopotentialrisks.（OrphanRock曾經可以

供游客攀爬。然而，在1950年代發生了巖石滑坡后，該路徑部分關閉。而在1974

年，由于潛在的風險，該路徑的進入被完全關閉，再也沒有重新開放過。廠可知，

OrphanRock的攀爬路線曾經可以供游客攀爬，但在1950年代發生了巖石滑坡后，部

分路徑被關閉。然后，在1974年，由于潛在的風險，該路徑的進入被完全關閉，再也

沒有重新開放過。故選B。

3.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Sight-seeingpassengerscanridethesteepestrailway

upfromtheJamisonValleyortravelonthecablecar.Eitheroptionaffordsincrediblescenic

viewsoftheBlueMountains.Theglassroofinthepassengercarsallowsforafantasticview

fromeveryseatonthetrain.（觀光的乘客可以從JamisonValley乘坐最陡峭的鐵路，也可

以乘坐纜車。任何一種選擇都可以欣賞到藍山令人難以置信的美景。客車車廂的玻璃

頂棚讓每個座位都能看到美妙的景色。）”可知，ScenicRailway之旅可以讓乘客們從

JamisonValley乘坐最陡峭的鐵路，欣賞到藍山令人難以置信的美景，故該旅行是刺激

不斷并且充滿冒險的。故選D。

4.答案：C

解析：細節理解題。根據文章第一段“TheseturtlesareallwashedupinMassachusetts

everyDecember,onthewindybeachesofCapeCodBay.（每年12月，這些海龜都會被沖

到馬賽諸塞州的CapeCodBay多風的海灘上。）”以及第二段“Ifwedon'thelpsavethis

species,wewillloseapiecethatenrichesus.（如果我們不幫助拯救這一物種，我們將失去

這一豐富我們資源的物種。）”可知，CapeCodBay沙灘上的海龜處于危險中，故選

Co

5.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“Shaver,chiefoftheDivisionofSeaTurtleScience

andRecoveryatPadreIslandNationalSeashoreinTexas,said,“Ifwedon'thelpsavethis

species,wewillloseapiecethatenrichesus.There5sawholevarietyofthingsthatcanharm

them:oilspills,boatstrikes,redtides,andsoon."（得克薩斯州帕德雷島國家海濱海龜科學

與恢復司的司長Shaver說道：“如果我們不幫助拯救這個物種，我們將失去這一豐富

我們資源的物種。很多事情會對它們造成傷害：石油泄漏、船只撞擊、赤潮等等“。）”

可知，Shaver很擔心這些海龜，認為我們不拯救它們，我們將失去這一物種，故選

Bo

6.答案：A

解析：細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Savingcouldneverhappenunlesshundredsofpilots

werewillingtovolunteertheirtime,theirplanes,andtheirfueltorushtherescuedturtlesto

willingrehabfacilities（康復中心）allaroundthecountry.（數百名飛行員自愿投入時間、飛

機和燃料，將獲救的海龜送往全國各地的康復機構，否則營救海龜的行動是永遠不可

能發生的。）”和第四段中“Itisworthmentioningthatthepilotsthatareflyingthese

missionsarepulling$1millionoutoftheirpockettoflythesemissionseveryyear.（值得一提

的是，執行這些任務的飛行員每年要自己拿出100萬美元來執行這些任務）”可知，在

營救海龜的行動中，貢獻最大的就是飛行員的慷慨付出，故選A。

7.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據文章倒數第二段“90%oftheturtlesthatwe5vemovedtothe

rehabfacilitieshaveendedupbackintheocean.（轉移到康復中心的90%的海龜最終都回

到了海洋。）”可知，營救海龜的行動是值得的，故選D。

8.答案：C

解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中“Faceblindness,amystifyingconditionthatcantrickus

intobelievingwerecognizepeoplewe'venevermetormakeusfailtorecognizethosewe

have,hasbeenpreviouslyestimatedtoaffectbetween2and2.5percentofpeopleinthe

world.（面孔失認癥是一種令人費解的疾病，它會欺騙我們，讓我們相信我們認識從未

見過的人，或者讓我們認不出我們見過的人。此前估計，世界上有2%到2.5%的人患

有臉盲癥。）”可知，面孔失認癥是一種神秘的疾病，它可以讓我們誤以為認識我們從

未見過的人，或者讓我們無法識別我們認識的人。C選項“Mistakingastrangerforan

acquaintance（把陌生人當成熟人）”與原文信息相符。故選C。

9.答案：A

解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中“First,theresearchersaskedparticipantswhetherthey

experiencedifficultiesrecognizingfacesintheireverydaylives.（首先，研究人員詢問參與

者在日常生活中是否有識別面孔的困難。）”可知，在研究中，研究人員會詢問參與者

是否有認臉困難。故選A。

10.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Inthenewstudy,theresearchersprovidediagnostic

suggestionsforidentifyingmildandmajorformsofprosopagnosiabasedonguidelinesfor

majorandmildneurocognitivedisordersintheDSM5,the5theditionoftheDiagnosticand

StatisticalManualofMentalDisore/ers.（在這項新研究中，研究人員根據《精神障礙診斷

與統計手冊》第五版（DSM-5）中對重度和輕度神經認知障礙的指南提供了識別輕度

和重度面孔失認癥的診斷建議。）”可知，研究人員根據《精神障礙診斷與統計手冊》

第五版（DSM-5）中對重度和輕度神經認知障礙的指南提供了識別輕度和重度面孔失

認癥的診斷建議，由此推斷它經歷了四次修訂。故選B。

11.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，文章講述的是面孔失認癥的研究結果和診斷標準，因

此該文最有可能來自一本健康手冊，介紹了面孔失認癥的研究結果和診斷標準。故選

Co

12.答案：B

解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中“Phthalatesarechemicalsusedtomakeplasticmore

durables鄰苯二甲酸二環己酯是用來使塑料更耐用的化學物質）”可知，在塑料中加入鄰

苯二甲酸二環己酯可以讓它更耐用，讓它用得更久。故選B項。

13.答案：A

解析：詞句猜測題。根據第一段中“ParentalexposuretoEDCs,forexample,hasbeen

showntocausemetabolic（新陳代謝的）disorders,includingobesityanddiabetes,inthelater

generations4例如，研究表明，父母接觸EDCs會導致后代代謝紊亂，包括肥胖和糖尿

病）”可知，父母接觸EDCs會導致后代代謝紊亂，對健康造成傷害，所以劃線詞所在

句"Wefoundfathers5exposuretoEDCsmayhaveintergenerationalandtransgenerational

detrimentaleffectsonthemetabolichealthoftheirlatergenerations（我們發現父親接觸

EDCs可能會對后代的代謝健康產生代際和跨代的detrimental影響）"中"detrimental

e他cts”是指"有害影響"，detrimental與negative同義。故選A項。

14.答案：C

解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中“"It'sbesttominimizeouruseofplasticproducts,,,

Zhousaid."Thiscanalsohelpreduceplasticpollution,oneofourmostpressing

environmentalissues."（“我們最好盡量減少塑料制品的使用，“周說。”這也有助于減少

塑料污染，這是我們最緊迫的環境問題之一。可知，周建議人們少用塑料制品。故

選C項。

15.答案：D

解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，結合第一段中“Plastic,whichisnowcommon,contains

endocrine-disruptingchemicals,orEDCs（內分泌干擾物），thathasbeenlinkedtoincreased

riskofmanychronicdiseases.ParentalexposuretoEDCs,forexample,hasbeenshownto

causemetabolic（新陳代謝的）disorders,includingobesityanddiabetes,inthelater

generations^塑料，現在很常見，含有內分泌干擾化學物質，或EDCs,與許多慢性疾

病的風險增加有關。例如，父母接觸EDCs已被證明會導致后代的代謝紊亂，包括肥

胖和糖尿病）”可知，文章報道研究發現，塑料中含有內分泌干擾物，父代暴露于這種

物質可能導致后代代謝健康問題。所以"Chemicalsinplasticmayimpacttwogenerations5

health（塑料中的化學物質可能會影響兩代人的健康）”是文章最佳標題。故選D項。

16.答案：BDAEG

解析：①根據前文"Createacalendarofeverythingyouwanttodoovertheholidays.Ifyou

wanttokeepyourselfonaregularscheduleoveryourholidaybreak,makingacalendarcan

helpyoustayorganized.（創建一個日歷，列出假期里你想做的所有事情。如果你想讓自

己在假期有規律的安排，制作一個日歷可以幫助你保持條理性）”可知，此處強調的是

在假期中制作一個日歷可以幫助你保持條理性。后文應該對日歷的具體內容進行解

釋。B選項“Startbyfillinginthemostimportantthingsyouneedtodo.（從填寫你需要做的

最重要的事情開始）”中強調以最重要的事情作為自己假期日歷的開始，承接前文，符

合語境。故選B。

②根據前文“Spendtimelearningorimprovingaskill,acraft,orahobby.Ifyouhavealotof

freetimeovertheholidays,tryusingthattimetolearnsomethingnew.（花時間學習或提高

一項技能、手藝或愛好。如果你在假期里有很多空閑時間，試著利用這些時間學習新

的東西）”可知，此處強調的是通過假期學習新東西來度過自己的假期。D選項“You

mightpracticeanewdrawingtechniqueifyouloveart,forinstance.（例如，如果你喜歡藝

術，你可能會練習一種新的繪畫技巧）”具體列舉出假期可以通過學習新的繪畫技巧讓

自己更加高效地度過假期，符合語境。故選D。

③根據后文“Thehustle（忙碌）oftheholidayscansometimesbestressful,andthereare

usuallyalotoftastytreatstotemptyouintoeatingunhealthily.（假期的忙碌有時會讓人感到

壓力，通常會有很多美味的食物誘使你吃得不健康）”可知，忙碌的假期有時候會讓人

倍感壓力，以及一些美食的誘惑會讓你變得不健康，因此本段應該強調假期的時候要

保持健康和緩解壓力。A選項“Exerciseeachdaytostayhealthyandrelievestress.（每天鍛

煉身體，保持健康，緩解壓力）”概括本段段旨，符合題意。故選A。

④根據本段段旨“Volunteertohelpoutinyourcommunity.（自愿在社區中提供幫助）“可

知，本段強調通過在假期中做一些志愿活動，讓自己高效地度過這段時間。E選項

“Lookonlineorreachouttononprofitsinyourareatofindouthowyoucanhelp.（上網或聯

系你所在地區的非營利組織，看看你能提供什么幫助）”承接段旨，指出可以在網上或

者練習所在地區的非營利性組織，為他們提供志愿幫助，符合語境。故選E。

⑤根據前文“Createaplanfortheyearahead.Astheyeardrawstoaclose,takealittletime

tothinkaboutyouryearahead.（為未來一年制定一個計劃。在這一年接近尾聲的時候，

花點時間思考一下你的未來一年）”可知，此處強調的是為自己未來的時間制定一個計

戈UoG選項“Bysettingclear,achievablegoalstoaccomplish,you511stayfocusedthroughout

theyear.（通過設定清晰、可實現的目標，你將在一整年保持專注）”與段旨呼應，強調制

定清晰可實現目標的重要性，這樣可以保持一年的專注，符合語境。故選G。

17.答案：D

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一群農民把拯救這只羊作為他們的使命。A.way方

式；B.destination目的地;C.burden負擔；D.mission使命。根據下文“However,after

careful,WilsonandfourothermensuccessfullyrescuedFionausingheavy

andawinch（絞車）.Theybroughthertotheslopeofthecliff.”可知，一群農民把拯

救羊羔作為使命。故選D。

18.答案：A

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這只羊最早是在2021年被一名皮劃艇運動員發現

的，從那以后就一直無法離開那個地方。A.discovered發現；B.witnessed目睹；C.

employed雇用；D.followed跟隨。根據空后“Localagencieswerebutsaidthe

sheepwasnotindangerandcouldnotberescued.”推知，這只羊是被一名皮劃艇運動員

首先發現的。故選A。

19.答案：C

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.base基礎；B.form形式；C.spot地點；D.

extent范圍。根據前文“wasstuck