2016考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案解析

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextoChoosethebestword(s)foreachnumbered

blankandmarkAzB,CorDontheANSWERSHEETO(10points)

Happypeopleworkdifferently0They'remoreproductive,morecreative,

andwillingtotakegreaterrisksoAndnewresearchsuggeststhathappiness

mightinfluence1firmswork,tooo

Companieslocatedinplacewithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoa

recentresearchpapero2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(research

anddevelopment)eThat/sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-

termthinking3formakinginvestmentforthefuturee

Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthat

comewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested,,Sotheycompared

U.S0cities'averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivity

ofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareaso

7enough,firms'investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththe

happinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8OButitisreallyhappinessthat's

linkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirms

therespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearchescontrolledforvarious

10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvestlikesize,industry,andsales-

and-andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesor

populationoTheylinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafter

accountingforthesethingso

Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongfor

youngerfirms,whichtheauthors13toTessconfineddecisionmaking

process0andthepossiblepresenceofyoungerandless14managerswhoare

morelikelytobeinfluencedbysentimento''Therelationshipwas15stronger

inplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16oFirmsseemtoinvestmorein

placeso

17thisdoesn'tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakea

longer-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibilityeIt'snot

hardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutives

thinkaboutthefutureoItsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbe

moreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,“said

oneresearchero

lo[A]why[B]where[C]how[D]when

2O[A]Inreturn[B]Inparticular[C]Incontrast[D]Inconclusion

3。[A]sufficient[B]famous[C]perfect[D]necessary

4O[A]individualism[B]modernism[C]optimism[D]realism

5O[A]echo[B]miss[C]spoil[D]change

6O[A]imagined[B]measured[C]invented[D]assumed

7e[A]sure[B]odd[C]unfortunate[D]often

8。[A]advertised[B]divided[C]overtaxed[D]headquartered

90[A]explain[B]overstate[C]summarize[D]emphasize

10.[A]stages[B]factors[C]levels[D]methods

11?[A]desirable[B]sociable[C]reputable[D]reliable

12。[A]resumed[B]held[C]emerged[D]broke

13.[A]attribute[B]assign[C]transfer[D]compare

14.[A]serious[B]civilized[C]ambitious[D]experienced

15.[A]thus[B]instead[C]also[D]never

16。[A]rapidly[B]regularly[C]directly[D]equally

17.[A]After[B]Until[C]While[D]Since

18.[A]arrives[B]jumps[C]hints[D]strikes

19.[A]shape[B]rediscover[C]simplify[D]share

20o[A]prayfor[B]leantowards[C]giveaway[D]sendact

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

ReadthefollowingfourtextsoAnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextby

choosingAzB,CorDoMarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEETO(40

points)

Text1

It'struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesarenrtessentialforlearning

computerscienceincollegeoStudentswithoutexperiencecancatchupaftera

fewintroductorycourses,saidTomCortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegie

1

MellonsSchoolofComputerScienceo

HoweverzCortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficiaLWhenyoungerkids

learncomputerscience,theylearnthatitsnotjustaconfusing,endlessstring

oflettersandnumbers-butatooltobuildappszorcreateartworkzortest

hypothesesoIt'snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasit

isforolderstudentsoBreakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksandusing

codetosolvethembecomesnormaleGivingmorechildrenthistrainingcould

increasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,

Cortinasaido

Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheyget

tocollege,whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothe

brim,whichcandrivetheless-experiencedor-determinedstudentsawayo

TheFlatironSchoolfwherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedas

oneofthemanycodingbootcampsthat'sbecomepopularforadultslookingfor

acareerchangeoThehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,but"wetryto

gearlessonstowardthingsthey'reinterestedin,“saidVictoriaFriedman,an

instructoroForinstance,oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelopingsuggests

moviesbasedonyourmoodo

ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon'tdropoutofhighschool

andbuildthenextFacebookoProgramminglanguageshaveaquickturnoverz

sothe“RubyonRails“l(fā)anguagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythe

timetheyenterthejobmarketoButtheskillstheylearn-howtothinklogically

throughaproblemandorganizetheresults-applytoanycodinglanguage,said

DeborahSeehorn,aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolinao

Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatalloButcreatinga

futurearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclassesoThesekidsaregoing

tobesurroundedbycomputers-intheirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes

-fortherestoftheirlives,Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howto

coaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant-theearliertheylearnthatthey

havethepowertodothat-thebettero

21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto

Aocompletefuturejobtraining

Boremodelthewayofthinking

Coformulatelogicalhypotheses

Doperfectartworkproduction

22.1ndeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers,Flatironhasconsidered

their________

Aoexperience

Bointerest

Cocareerprospects

Doacademicbackgrounds

23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill

Aohelpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages

Bohavetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescome

Coneedimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobs

Deenablestudentstomakebigquickmoney

24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Flatironstudentsareexpectedto

Aobringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies

Bostaylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry

Cobecomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld

Docompetewithafuturearmyofprogrammers

25.Theword"coax"(Line4,Para.6)isclosestinmeaningto

Aopersuade

Bofrighten

Comisguide

Dochallenge

Text2

Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens--akindof

birdlivingonstretchinggrasslands-oncelentredtotheoftengreylandscapeof

themidwesternandsouthwesternUnitedStatesoButjustsome22,000birds

remaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthespecies'historicrangeo

ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.SOFishandWildlifeService(USFWS)

decidedtoformallylistthebirdasthreatenedo“Thelesserprairiechickenisina

desperatesituationJsaidUSFWSDirectorDanielAsheoSome

environmentalists,however,weredisappointedeTheyhadpushedtheagency

todesignatethebirdas''endangeredJastatusthatgivesfederalofficials

greaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreatsoButAsheandothersargued

thatthe“threatened0taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryout

new,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproachesoInparticular,

theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstategovernments,

whichareoftenuneasywithfederalactionoandwiththeprivatelandownerswho

controlanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken'shabitato

Undertheplanzforexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecute

landownerorbusinessesthatunintentionallykillzharm,ordisturbthebird,as

longastheyhadsignedarange-widemanagementplantorestoreprairie

chickenhabitatoNegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,theplanrequires

individualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopay

intoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitato

Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,

USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoan

annualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10yearseAnditgivestheWestern

AssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies(WAFWA),acoalitionofstate

agencies,thejobofmonitoringprogressoOverallztheideaistolet"states"

remaininthedriver'sseatformanagingthespeciesJAshesaido

Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoriceSomeCongressmembersaretrying

toblocktheplan,andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthree

environmentalgroupsarechallengingitinfederalcourtoNotsurprisingly,

1

doesntgofarenougho“Thefederalgovernmentisgivingresponsibilityfor

managingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatarepushingittoextinction,"

saysbiologistJayLiningero

26.Themajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatenedis__o

[A]itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation

[B]theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage

[C]adesperateappealfromsomebiologists

[D]theinsistenceofprivatelandowners

27.The“threatened“tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalistsinthat

ito

[A]wasagive-intogovernmentalpressure

[B]wouldinvolvefeweragenciesinaction

[C]grantedlessfederalregulatorypower

[D]wentagainstconservationpolicies

28.ltcanbelearnedfromParagraphsthatunintentionalharm-doerswillnot

beprosecutedifthey0

[A]agreetopayasumforcompensation

[B]volunteertosetupanequallybighabitat

[C]offertosupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob

[D]promisetoraisefundsforUSFWSoperations

29.AccordingtoAshe,theleadingroleinmanagingthespeciesin,

[A]thefederalgovernment

[B]thewildlifeagencies

[C]thelandowners

[D]thestates

30JayLiningerwouldmostlikelysupport,

[A]industrygroups

[B]thewin-winrhetoric

[C]environmentalgroups

[D]theplanunderchallenge

Text3

Thateveryone'stoobusythesedaysisaclicheoButonespecificcomplaint

7

ismadeespeciallymournfully:Theresneveranytimetoreado

Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-management

techniquesdon'tseemsufficientoTheweb'sfullofarticlesofferingtipson

makingtimetoread:"GiveupTV"or"Carryabookwithyouatalltimeso〃

Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodstofreeuptheodd30minutesdoesn

'tworkoSitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeeps

spinning-orelseyou'resoexhaustedthatachallengingbook'sthelastthing

youneedoThemodernmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“is

overwhelminglyinclinedtowardcommunication...Itisnotsimplythatoneis

interrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruptiono"Deepreading

requiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan'tbeobtained

merelybybecomingmoreefficient0

Infact,“becomingmoreefficient“ispartoftheproblemoThinkingof

timeasaresourcetobemaximisedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,

judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonlyinsofarasitadvancesprogress

towardsomegoaloImmersivereading,bycontrast,dependsonbeingwilling

toriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wastingoTrytoslotitasato-do

listitemandyou'llmanageonlygoal-focusedreading-useful,sometimes,but

notthemostfulfillingkindo“Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalongan

unstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt,“writesGaryEberleinhisbook

SacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles

(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,

wewillhavewastedthemo"Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfina

booko

Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesfor

readingoYou'dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,

Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviourhelpsus“stepoutsidetime'sflow”

into"soultime。"Youcouldlimitdistractionsbyreadingonlyphysicalbooks,

oronsingle-purposee-readerso“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”can

actuallywork,too-providingyoudipinoftenenough,sothatreadingbecomes

thedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,

beforedroppingbackdownoOnareallygoodday,itnolongerfeelsasifyou

're"makingtimetoreadJbutjustreading,andmakingtimeforeverything

elseo

。

31Theusualtime-managementtechniquesdon'tworkbecauseo

[A]whattheycanofferdoesnoteasethemodernmind

[B]whatchallengingbooksdemandisrepetitivereading

[C]whatpeopleoftenforgetiscarryingabookwiththem

[D]whatdeepreadingrequirescannotbeguaranteed

32eThe“emptybottles"metaphorillustratesthatpeoplefeelapressure

toe

[A]updatetheirto-dolists

[B]makepassingtimefulfilling

[C]carrytheirplansthrough

[D]pursuecarefreereading

33。Eberlewouldagreethatschedulingregulartimesforreadinghelps

[A]encouragetheefficiencymind-set

[B]developonlinereadinghabits

[C]promoteritualisticreading

[D]achieveimmersivereading

34O“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes“canworkif

[A]readingbecomesyourprimarybusinessoftheday

[B]allthedailybusinesshasbeenpromptlydealtwith

[C]youareabletodropbacktobusinessafterreading

[D]timecanbeevenlysplitforreadingandbusiness

35eThebesttitleforthistextcouldbeo

[A]HowtoEnjoyEasyReading

[B]HowtoFindTimetoRead

[C]HowtoSetReadingGoals

[D]HowtoReadExtensively

Text4

Againstabackdropofdrasticchangesineconomyandpopulationstructure,

youngerAmericansaredrawinganew21st-centuryroadmaptosuccess,alatest

pollhasfoundo

Acrossgenerationallines,Americanscontinuetoprizemanyofthesame

traditionalmilestonesofasuccessfullife,includinggettingmarried,having

children,owningahome,andretiringintheirsixtiesoButwhileyoungandold

mostlyagreeonwhatconstitutesthefinishlineofafulfillinglife,theyoffer

strikinglydifferentpathsforreachingite

Youngpeoplewhoarestillgettingstartedinlifeweremorelikelythanolder

adultstoprioritizepersonalfulfillmentintheirwork,tobelievetheywilladvance

theircareersmostbyregularlychangingjobs,tofavorcommunitieswithmore

publicservicesandafasterpaceoflife,toagreethatcouplesshouldbe

financiallysecurebeforegettingmarriedorhavingchildren,andtomaintainthat

childrenarebestservedbytwoparentsworkingoutsidethehome,thesurvey

foundo

Fromcareertocommunityandfamily,thesecontrastssuggestthatinthe

aftermathofthesearingGreatRecession,thosejuststartingoutinlifeare

definingprioritiesandexpectationsthatwillincreasinglyspreadthroughvirtually

allaspectsofAmericanlife,fromconsumerpreferencestohousingpatternsto

politicse

Youngandoldconvergeononekeypoint:Overwhelmingmajoritiesofboth

groupssaidtheybelieveitisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlife

thanitwasforearliergenerationsoWhlieyoungerpeoplearesomewhatmore

optimisticthantheireldersabouttheprospectsforthosestartingouttoday,big

majoritiesinbothgroupsbelievethose“justgettingstartedinlife"facea

tougheragood-payingjob,startingafamily,managingdebt,andfinding

affordablehousingo

PeteSchneiderconsiderstheclimbtoughertodayoSchneiderza27-yaear-

oldautotechnicianfromtheChicagosuburbssayshestruggledtofindajobafter

graduatingfromcollegeoEvennowthatheisworkingsteadily,hesaide”I

can'taffordtopaymamonthlymortgagepaymentsonmyown,soIhaveto

rentroomsouttopeopletomarkthathappeno“Lookingback,heisstruck

thathisparentscouldprovideacomfortablelifefortheirchildreneventhough

neitherhadcompletedcollegewhenhewasyoungo"Istillgrewupinanupper

middle-classhomewithparentswhodidn'thavecollegedegreesJSchneider

saido〃Idon'tthinkpeoplearecapableofthatanymoreo”

36OOnecross-generationmarkofasuccessfullifeise

[A]tryingoutdifferentlifestyles

[B]havingafamilywithchildren

[C]workingbeyondretirementage

[D]settingupaprofitablebusiness

37OItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatyoungpeopletendtoe

[A]favoraslowerlifepace

[B]holdanoccupationlonger

[C]attachimportancetopre-maritalfinance

[D]giveprioritytochildcareoutsidethehome

38OTheprioritiesandexpectationsdefinedbytheyoungwillo

[A]becomeincreasinglyclear

[B]focusonmaterialisticissues

[C]dependlargelyonpoliticalpreferences

[D]reachalmostallaspectsofAmericanlife

39OBothyoungandoldagreethato

[A]good-payingjobsarelessavailable

[B]theoldmademorelifeachievements

[C]housingloanstodayareeasytoobtain

[D]gettingestablishedisharderfortheyoung

40oWhichofthefollowingistrueaboutSchneider?

[A]Hefoundadreamjobaftergraduatingfromcollege

[B]Hisparentsbelieveworkingsteadilyisamustforsuccess

[C]Hisparents7goodlifehaslittletodowithacollegedegree

[D]Hethinkshisjobasatechnicianquitechallenging

PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemost

suitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraphs(41-45)o

TherearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouseoMarkyour

answersontheANSWERSHEETO(10points)

AoBesilly

BoHavefun

CoAskforhelp

DoExpressyouremotionse

EoDon'toverthinkit

FoBeeasilypleased

GoNoticethings

ActYourShoeSizezNotYourAgeo

(1)Asadults,itseemsthatwe'reconstantlypursuinghappiness,often

withmixedresultsoYetchildrenappeartohaveitdowntoanart-andforthe

mostparttheydon'tneedself-helpbooksortherapyoInstead,theylookafter

theirwellbeinginstinctivelyandusuallymoreeffectivelythanwedoas

grownupSoPerhapsit'stimetolearnafewlessonsfromthemo

41o

(2)Whatdoesachilddowhenhe'ssad?HecriesoWhenhe'sangry?

HeshoutSoScared?ProbablyabitofbothoAswegrowup,welearnto

controlouremotionssotheyaremanageableanddon'tdictateour

behaviours,whichisinmanywaysagoodthingoButtoooftenwetakethis

processtoofarandendupsuppressingemotions,especiallynegativeoneso

That*saboutaseffectiveasbrushingdirtunderacarpetandcanevenmakeus

illoWhatwefeelappropriatelyandthen-again,likechildren-moveono

42e

AcoupleofChristmasesago,myyoungeststepdaughter,whowas9years

oldatthetime,gotaSupermanT-shirtforChristmasoItcostlessthanafiver

butshewasoverjoyedzandcouldn'tbiggerhouseorbettercarwillbethe

magicsilverbulletthatwillallowustofinallybecontent,buttherealityisthese

thingshavelittlelastingimpactonourhappinesslevelsoInstead,beinggrateful

forsmallthingseverydayisamuchbetterwaytoimprovewellbeingo

43°

Haveyouevernoticedhowmuchchildrenlaugh?Ifweadultscouldindulge

inabitofsillinessandgiggling,wewouldreducethestresshormonesinour

bodies,increasegoodhormoneslikeendorphins,improvebloodflowtoour

heartsandeverhaveagreaterchanceoffightingoffinfectionoAllofwhich

would,ofcourse,haveapositiveeffectonourhappinesslevelso

44°

Theproblemwithbeingagrownupisthatthere1sanawfullotofserious

stufftodealwith-work,mortgagepayments,figuringoutwhattocookfor

dinneroButasadultswealsohavetheluxuryofbeingabletocontrolourown

diariesandit'simportantthatwescheduleintimetoenjoythethingweloveo

Thosethingsmightbesocialzsporting,creativeorcompletelyrandom

(dancingaroundthelivingroom,anyone?)-itdoesn*tmatter,solongas

they'reenjoyable,andnotlikelytohavenegativesideeffects,suchas

drinkingtoomuchalcoholorgoingonawildspendingspreeifyou'reonatight

budgeto

45___________

Havingsaidalloftheabove,it'simportanttoaddthatweshouldn*ttry

toohardtobehappyoScientiststellusthiscanbackfireandactuallyhavea

negativeimpactonourwellbeingoAstheChinesephilosopherChuangTzuis

reportedtohavesaid:"Happinessistheabsenceofstrivingforhappinesso"

Andinthat,oncemore,weneedtolooktotheexampleofourchildrenzto

whomhappinessisnotagoalbutanaturalbyproductofthewaytheylive。

SectionIIITranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChineseoWriteyourtranslationonthe

ANSWERSHEETO(15points)

Thesupermarketisdesignedtolurecustomersintospendingasmuchtimeas

possiblewithinitsdoorsoThereasonforthisissimple:Thelongeryoustayin

thestorezthemorestuffyou*IIsee,andthemorestuffyousee#themore

。

you'IIbuyoAndsupermarketscontainalotofstuffTheaverage

supermarket,accordingtotheFoodMarketingInstitute,carriessome44,000

differentitems,andmanycarrytensofthousandsmoreoThesheervolumeof

availablechoiceisenoughtosendshoppersintoastateofinformationoverloado

Accordingtobrain-scanexperiments,thedemandsofsomuchdecision-making

quicklybecometoomuchforusoAfterabout40minutesofshopping,most

peoplestopstrugglingtoberationallyselective,andinsteadbeganshopping

emotionally—whichisthepointatwhichweaccumulatethe50percentofstuffin

ourcartthatweneverintendedbuyingo

SectionIVWriting

PartA

47ODirections:

Supposeyouwonatranslationcontestandyourfriend,Jack,wrotean

emailtocongratulateyouandaskforadviceontranslationoWritehimareplyto

1)thankhim,and

2)giveyouadvice

Youshouldwriteabout100ontheANSWERSHEETO

DonotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletteroUseLiMinginstead0

Donotwritetheaddresso(10points)

PartB

48ODirections:

WriteanessaybasedonthechartbelowoInyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcommentso

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEETO(15points)

SectionIUseofEnglish

1、［答案］Chow

［解析］根據(jù)空格所在句子可以看出，空格處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞，做

的賓語(yǔ)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思中，只有引導(dǎo)后面的內(nèi)容做的賓

influenceCohowinfluence

語(yǔ)，前后意思合理。

2、［答案］BInparticular

［解析］空格的前一句話的內(nèi)容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投資更多的錢。空格

所在句的內(nèi)容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的錢。很顯然，前后句

子是總分關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)中，只有B選項(xiàng)可以體現(xiàn)總分關(guān)系。

3、［答案］Dnecessary

［解析］根據(jù)空格處前后的內(nèi)容，formakinginvestmentsforthefuture是做后

置定語(yǔ)修飾longer-termthinking和happiness。幸福，這種持久的思維模式對(duì)于對(duì)未

來(lái)進(jìn)行投資四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有＞necessary做后置定語(yǔ)符合前后內(nèi)容。其他選項(xiàng)

與原文內(nèi)容語(yǔ)義不符。

4、［答案］Coptimism

［解析］空格處的內(nèi)容與inclinationforrisk-taking由and連接，構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，后面

thatcomewithhappiness定語(yǔ)從句既修飾空格處的內(nèi)容，也修飾inclinationforrisk-

taking,所以選項(xiàng)中可以由thatcomewithhappiness修飾的只有C選項(xiàng)optimism.

5、［答案］Dchange

［解析］空格處的內(nèi)容和thewaycompaniesinvested構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓搭配。選項(xiàng)中

A.echo回聲B。miss思念C。spoil溺愛(ài)D。change改變，所以只有D選項(xiàng)可以和

thewaycompaniesinvested構(gòu)成通II頁(yè)語(yǔ)義。故D項(xiàng)正確。

6、［答案］Bmeasured

［解析］原文：

SotheycomparedU.S.cities,averagehappinessbyGalluppollingwitht

heinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.所以他們比較美國(guó)城

市的平均幸福，這種幸福是根據(jù)蓋洛普在上市公司的投資活動(dòng)地區(qū)民意調(diào)查來(lái)

。Aimagined想象，Dassumed假定與民意調(diào)查的客觀性是不符的，故排除，

Cinvented發(fā)明,與文意不符，故選Bmeasured,衡量，測(cè)量。

7、［答案］Asure

［解析］若要判斷此空的答案，需要結(jié)合文章上下文來(lái)判斷。這句話和本篇完型的第二

段的首句的含義是相同的。第二段的首句：

Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,含義為：坐落在幸福

人們多的地方的公司會(huì)加大研發(fā)投入力度。本段首句其實(shí)是對(duì)于這一中心的重復(fù)闡述，因

此選A。

8、［答案］Dheadquartered

［解析］原文：

firms,investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessofthear

eainwhichtheywere。公司的投資與研發(fā)強(qiáng)度與公司所的地區(qū)的幸福

度相關(guān)。依據(jù)第7題的答案，我們可以推斷，這句話所填寫的單詞和located應(yīng)該是近

義，Aadvertised廣告；Bdivided分割；Covertaxed負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重；均與本文含義不

符,故選D,headquartered設(shè)立總部。

9、［答案］Aexplain

［解析］原文：...

couldsomethingelseabouthappiercitieswhyfirmstherespendmoreonR

&D?此句也是對(duì)于本文中心的再次論證。還有其他的什么可以________公司在幸福的城

市加入研發(fā)投入力度嗎？這句話之后就是具體的原因陳述。Boverstate夸

張；Csummarize總結(jié)；Demphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)；均不符合文意，所以以上三項(xiàng)皆排除。故

選Aexpress解釋，闡釋。

10、［答案］Bfactors

［解析］原

文:Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvariousthatmightmakefi

rmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales,為了找至！I答案,研究人

員控制了各種各樣的可能會(huì)讓公司加大投資的__—比如大小、行業(yè)和銷量——,聯(lián)

系上下文，我們可以看出，這個(gè)空格其實(shí)就是下文size,industry,andsales的上義

詞，可以包含這三個(gè)名詞的內(nèi)容。Astages階段；Clevels水平，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；Dmethods方

法；均不符合文意。故選Bfactors原因，因素。

11、［答案］Adesirable

［解析］該句意