高中名校英語試卷PAGEPAGE2河北省邢臺市2023-2024學年部分高中高三二模英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.HowdoesJessicausuallytalktoTara?A.ThroughtheInternet. B.Throughphonecalls. C.Throughtextmessages.〖答案〗A〖解析〗M:Jessica,Taramessagedmeearlier.Iamgoingtogiveheracalllatertonight.Doyouwantmetosayhelloforyou?W:Sure,butweactuallytalkallthetime.Wehaveanonlinechatroomwithsomeothergirls.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Onaplane. C.Inacafe.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:Excuseme.CanIhaveaglassofjuice?W:Hereyouare.Andpleasefastenyourseatbelt.3.Whoishavingaholidayabroad?A.Jack. B.Mike. C.John.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Jackwon’tattendtheparty.Heisn’tfeelingverywellnow.W:So,we’llhavethreepeopleabsent.JohnistravelingabroadandMikehastostaylateattheoffice.4.Howmanypeoplewillattendthemeetingaccordingtothewoman?A.About25. B.Atmost50. C.Atleast75.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Only50peoplehavesignedupforFriday’smeetinguptonow.W:TherewillbeatleasthalfthatmaysignuponFriday,somakesurewehaveroomfor75.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heusedtohaveacar. B.Helikesdrivingverymuch. C.Helivesfarfromthesubway.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:Iheardyou’vesoldyourcar.M:Yes.I’veneverlikeddrivinganyway.Nowwe’vemovedtoaplaceneartheundergroundrailwaystation.Andtransportnowisnotaproblemforme.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abudgetproblem. B.Astudyproblem. C.Alifestyleproblem.7.Whatwillthewomando?A.Workmore. B.Askthemanforhelp. C.Spendlessmoney.〖答案〗6.A7.B〖解析〗M:Hi,Carina.Longtimenosee.Iheardyouhadagoodpart-timejobatthemall.W:Ido.Iworkabouttwentyhoursaweek,andthepay’snotbad.Andmyparentssendmefivehundreddollarsamonth,too.But...Ionlymanagetosaveabouttendollarsamonth.It’sadrag!M:Itsoundslikeyouhaveabudgetproblem.Simple,eitherworkmoreorspendless.W:I’mdefinitelynotgoingtoworkmore.Ah,youworkinabanknow,andIthinkyouarethebestpersontohelpmemakeabudget!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Howdothespeakersfeelnow?A.Homesick. B.Annoyed. C.Hungry.9.Whichfestivaliscelebratedinthewoman’smotherlandatthistimeofayear?A.Halloween. B.TheDayoftheDead. C.TheNewYamFestival.10.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Autumn.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.C〖解析〗M:YonMididn’tcometolunch.Shemightbehomesick.W:Ifeelkindofhomesick,too.M:Ihavethesamefeeling.ImisstheNewYamFestivalatthistime.It’sabigpartywithdancingandsinging.W:Backhomeatthistimeofyear,wecelebrateTheDayoftheDead.InMexico,wehonorourdeadancestorsonthisday.M:Howinteresting!Youshouldgiveapresentationtotheclassaboutthat.W:Ihaveabetteridea.YonMimightlikeit,too.WecouldhaveanInternationalFallFestival.M:Great,wecansharesomethingaboutsomefestivalsinfallallovertheworld.W:Yes,andIthinkourteacherswillsupportus.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Buyamonitor. B.Sellhiscomputer. C.Askforabetterguarantee.12.WhyisAmazonmentionedbytheman?A.Tomakeabargain. B.Totellhisfavoritesite. C.Togiveabadexample.13.Howmuchdoesthemanpay?A.$1,846. B.$1,656. C.$1,496.〖答案〗11.A12.A13.B〖解析〗M:Doyouhavethismonitor:49WL95C?W:Yes,wedo.MayIknowyourrequirement,sir?M:Iwanttobuildacomputerwithanadjustableviewinganglemonitor.Myoldoneisoutofdate.Whatwouldbethepriceforthismonitor?W:Sir,itis$1,846.Butwehaveaspecialdiscountandwearesellingthisfor$1,656.M:Okay,butthepriceonAmazonmaybealittlelower.Itwas$1,496thelasttimeIchecked.W:Sir,thepriceonAmazonchangeseverynowandthen.Also,weprovideabetterguarantee.Youcanbringthemonitorbackhereifyouhaveanyproblemwithit.M:Thatsoundsnice.Pleasepacktheproduct.W:Haveagreattrip!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatwasthewoman’sfeelingattheverybeginning?A.Shefeltdelighted. B.Shefeltsurprised. C.Shefeltguilty.15.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Roommates. C.Hostandguest.16.Wherewasthecathiding?A.Inthebedroom. B.Inthelivingroom. C.Inthelaundryroom.17.Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthecat?A.Shenevertriestogooutside.B.Sheisafraidoftheoutsideworld.C.Shealwayscomesbackbyherself.〖答案〗14.C15.B16.A17.B〖解析〗W:Lenny,I’mnotsurehowtosaythis.IthinkIlostyourcatthismorning.M:What?W:I’msorry.WhenIopenedthefrontdoortogetthemorningpaper,Isawherrunpastmereallyquickly.Itriedtoclosethedoorintime,butshemusthavegottenout.M:Diane,she’sahousecat.She’snotsupposedtogooutside,ever!Shecouldgetlostandneverfindherwayback.Orworse,shecouldbehitbyacar!W:Ifeellikeaterribleroommate,Lenny.IwishthereweresomethingIcoulddotofixthis.M:Wait...Didyoucheckunderthebedwhereshewas?W:Hmm,Ididn’tthinktolookthere.Ijustassumedthatshehad...M:LookwhoIfound!W:Oh,Ican’tbelieveit!M:Sometimesshestartstoheadoutthere,butshechangeshermindatthelastsecond.Thenshejustgoesbacktohersafeplace!Theoutsideworldcanbeascaryplaceforher!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whoarethevolunteersprobably?A.Teachersfrommiddleschools.B.Peoplefromalloverthecountry.C.Studentsfromseverallocalhighschools.19.Whenisthevolunteers’nexttriptothebeach?A.ThisSaturday. B.NextSaturday. C.NextSunday.20.Whatdothevolunteersneedfromothercitizens?A.Somecameras. B.Glovesandbags. C.Theirsupport.〖答案〗18.C19.A20.C〖解析〗Foryears,StanleyBeachhasbeenknownasthedirtiestbeachinthecountry.Butthat’sabouttobechanged.Volunteersfromanumberoflocalhighschoolshavesetouttocleanitup.Asamatteroffact,theywentontheirfirstcleaningtriplastSunday,spendingfourhourspickinguptrashalongthecoast.Intheend,theywentawaywithfivehundredkilogramsofplasticwaste!Now,theirnexttriphasbeenscheduledforthecomingSaturday.Meanwhile,theyhavealsoputoutacalltoinvitemorecitizenstojointheirefforts.Ifyouwishtohelp,pleasebeattheSeaCafeat8amonSaturday.Overthere,glovesandgarbagebagswillbeprovided.Whatallthevolunteersneedfromcitizensisthekindsupport!Severalnewsstationswillalsobetheretofilmtheevent.SopleasebepreparedtoseeyourselvesonTVsoon!第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANeverclimbedbefore?Itdoesn’tmatter!BouldersIndoorClimbingCentreisafantasticoutingforthewholefamilythat’sguaranteedtopackyourdaywithfunandadventure!Noexperienceisnecessary.Undertheguidanceofqualifiedinstructors,youwillstepoutsideofyourcomfortzoneinasafeandcontrolledenvironment.Allequipmentisprovided—justbringyourspiritofadventureandyourwillingnesstochallengeyourself!Bouldersspecializesinintroducingpeopleofallabilitiesintothisvertical(垂直的)worldinafun,safeandinclusiveway!Withclimbingwallsthatreachbetween4to12metresinheight,Boulders,whosetaskistoteachyoualltheskillsrequiredtoclimbsafely,isdesignedtotrainthebravestexplorer.Youwilllearnhowtomovearoundtheclimbingwallinasafemanner,andhowtodifferentiate(區分)betweengradesandvarietiesoftechniques.There’sevenacafeonsitewithfreeWi-Fi,sosendthechildrentoclimbandcheckinwiththeofficewhileyou’reenjoyingaskinnylatte!Bouldersoffersawiderangeofclimbingactivities,including:Climbingclassesforchildren,families,studentsandadultsBirthdaypartiesforallagesChildren’sholidayactivitiesSoftplayforchildren7yearsoldandunderClimbing-IntroductioncoursesOpeninghours:Mon.—Fri.10:00—22:00Sat.—Sun.10:00—18:00Price:Adults￡15Child￡10Familypass:￡38Upto4persons.Thepriceincludesentrytothewallafterthesession,registrationfeeandshoehire.Rentalshoes&chalkincluded.21.Whoarethepotentialcustomersoftheclimbingcenter?A.Qualifiedinstructors. B.Childreninterestedinclimbingindoors.C.Experiencedclimbers. D.Peopleaddictedtoclimbingoutdoors.22.WhatistheaimforBouldersaccordingtothetext?A.Toinstructtheloverstogainskillsofclimbingsafely.B.Tohelpinstructorstoenjoythespiritofadventure.C.Toguaranteetheclimbersoutoftheircomfortzones.D.Toequiplearnerswithabilitiestodesignclimbingwalls.23.Howmuchshouldacouplewithachildpayforentryandrentalshoesatleast?A.￡40. B.￡25. C.￡35. D.￡38.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹了巨石室內攀巖中心的相關信息。〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D【21題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“BouldersIndoorClimbingCentreisafantasticoutingforthewholefamilythat’sguaranteedtopackyourdaywithfunandadventure!(巨石室內攀巖中心是全家的絕佳之旅，保證你的一天充滿樂趣和冒險！)”可知，這是一所室內攀巖中心，適合家庭活動，由此可推測出，該中心的潛在顧客包括對室內攀巖有興趣的孩子。故選B。【22題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Withclimbingwallsthatreachbetween4to12metresinheight,Boulders,whosetaskistoteachyoualltheskillsrequiredtoclimbsafely,isdesignedtotrainthebravestexplorer.(巨石的攀巖墻高達4至12米，其任務是教你安全攀登所需的所有技能，旨在訓練最勇敢的探險家。)”可知，巨石室內攀巖中心的任務是教攀巖愛好者安全攀登所需的所有技能。故選A。【23題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章的“Price:Adults￡15Child￡10(價格：成人￡15兒童￡10)”“Familypass:￡38Upto4persons.(家庭通行證：38英鎊最多4人。)”和“Thepriceincludesentrytothewallafterthesession,registrationfeeandshoehire.(價格包括課后攀墻入場費、注冊費和鞋子租賃費。)”可知，一對夫婦加一個孩子不超過4人，購買入場費和鞋子租賃費時，如果單獨付款，則為15×2+10=40英鎊，如果購買家庭通行證，則總共需花費38英鎊。由此可知，他們至少花費為38英鎊。故選D。BKe’NyzjahFerebeewasstandingbythekitchenworktop,addingcupcakelinerstoapan.Sheusedanicecreamspoontofilleachwithcakebatter(面糊)toensuretheywouldlookidentical.Afinishedgroupsatonthecounterwithwhitebuttercreamturningontop.Thecupcakeswerefora2-year-old’s“Moana”-themedbirthdayparty.Thenextday,shehadordersforatwo-tieredcakeandtwobirthdaycakes.Whilemostteenagersarespendingthesummerhangingoutwithfriendsandworking,Ke’Nyzjahisfillingorders,updatingherwebsiteandgettingnewbrandingphotos.SheownsandoperatesKayKeBakery,ahome-basedbusiness,specializingincustomcakesandcupcakes.Sheoffers14flavors.Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks’noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.In2020,shestartedbakingoutofboredomandadesireforcake.Sheaskedhermomforasolution.Mompointedhertoaboxofcakemixinthecupboard.Ke’Nyzjah’sfirstattemptfailed.Butshetriedmakingmorecakesthenextday.Shegotbetter.ShewatchedhoursofYouTubevideostocomeupwitharecipeandtoteachherselfbakingtechniques.“OnceIgotonInstagramandstartedseeingotherpeople’sdecoratedcakes,that’swhenIgotinspiredtobeacakeartistinsteadofjustabaker,”shesaid.Shetookbusinessclassessuchasdigitalmarketingatherschool.Shealsoregisteredforacoursetobecomeacertifiedcustomerservicespecialist.Ittaughtherhowtotalktocustomersandgetthroughasale.She’sconstantlytryingtofindmorewaystopromoteherbusinessandfindnewclients.“It’salittledifficulthavingtokeepupwithbothmyInstagramandmyFacebookpagesandmanagingschool,personallifeandabusiness.Itcanbealotsometimes,butImanage.”NakesiaFercbec,Ke’Nyzjah’smother,feltherdaughter’sfatherhasbeeninfluential.Ke’Nyzjahgiveshermotheralargeofthecredit.“She’slikemybiggestsupporter.She’smademewhoIam.I’vecometorealizethatIamanincredibleperson.”24.WhatwasKe’Nyzjahdoingaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Designingathemedparty. B.Makingcakesforbusiness.C.Preparingforherbirthdayparty. D.Placinganorderforcakesonline.25.WhatcanbeinferredaboutKaykeBakery?A.Itiswellreceived. B.Ithostspartiesforcustomers.C.Itisajointbusiness. D.Itmainlyprovidesserviceforkids26.WhatmightbeachallengeforKe’Nyzjah?A.Attendingbusinessclasses. B.Teachingherselfbakingtechniques.C.Gettingalongwithherclients. D.Balancingherbusinesswithschooling.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Ahome-basedteenbaker. B.Aboredom-killingbakery.C.Howtobecomeacakeartist. D.Howtostartabusiness.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是Ke’NyzjahFerebee，一個十幾歲的青少年，在父母的支持下，在家自己制作蛋糕，開展網上定制業務，生意火爆。〖答案〗24.B25.A26.D27.A【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段的“Ke’NyzjahFerebeewasstandingbythekitchenworktop,addingcupcakelinerstoapan.Sheusedanicecreamspoontofilleachwithcakebatter(面糊)toensuretheywouldlookidentical.Afinishedgroupsatonthecounterwithwhitebuttercreamturningontop.Thecupcakeswerefora2-year-old’s“Moana”-themedbirthdayparty.Thenextday,shehadordersforatwo-tieredcakeandtwobirthdaycakes.(Ke’NyzjahFerebee正站在廚房的工作臺面旁，往平底鍋里加紙杯蛋糕襯墊。她用冰淇淋勺把蛋糕面糊填滿，以確保它們看起來一模一樣。一群吃完的人坐在柜臺上，上面是白色的奶油。這些紙杯蛋糕是為一個兩歲孩子的《海洋奇緣》主題生日派對準備的。第二天，她收到了兩層蛋糕和兩個生日蛋糕的訂單。)”可知，Ke’Nyzjah在為生意做蛋糕。故選B。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks’noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.(她要求訂單至少提前兩到四周通知，而她每周會收到六到七份訂單。)”可知，KaykeBakery很受歡迎。故選A。【26題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段最后一句話“It’salittledifficulthavingtokeepupwithbothmyInstagramandmyFacebookpagesandmanagingschool,personallifeandabusiness.Itcanbealotsometimes,butImanage.(要同時關注我的Instagram和Facebook頁面，還要管理學校、個人生活和生意，這有點困難。有時會有很多，但我能應付。)”可知，Ke’Nyzjah面臨的挑戰是平衡她的事業和學業。故選D。【27題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的“Whilemostteenagersarespendingthesummerhangingoutwithfriendsandworking,Ke’Nyzjahisfillingorders,updatingherwebsiteandgettingnewbrandingphotos.SheownsandoperatesKayKeBakery,ahome-basedbusiness,specializingincustomcakesandcupcakes.Sheoffers14flavors.Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks’noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.(當大多數青少年都在和朋友出去玩、工作的時候，Ke’Nyzjah卻在接訂單、更新她的網站、拍攝新的品牌照片。她擁有并經營KayKeBakery，這是一家以家庭為基礎的企業，專門從事定制蛋糕和紙杯蛋糕。她提供14種口味。她要求訂單至少提前兩到四周通知，而她每周會收到六到七份訂單。)”可知，本文主要講的是Ke’NyzjahFerebee，一個十幾歲的青少年，在父母的支持下，在家自己制作蛋糕，開展網上定制業務，生意火爆，故選A。CGeologistshavelongbeenfascinatedbyamissingpieceofEarth’shistory—alostcontinentcalledArgoland.Around155millionyearsago,the5,000-kilometercontinentbrokeofffromWesternAustraliaandbegandrifting(漂移),leavingbehindabasindeepbelowtheoceanknownastheArgoAbyssalPlain.ButwheredidArgolandactuallygo?TheseabedstructuresuggeststhatthecontinentdriftednorthwestwardandendedupSoutheastAsia.Butsurprisingly,thereisnolargecontinenthiddenbeneaththoseislands,onlysmallcontinentalfragments(碎片)surroundedbyancientoceanicbasins.Usingthistheory,geologistsatUtrechtUniversitydiscoveredthatArgolandhadn’treallydisappearedbutsurvivedasa“veryextendedandfragmentedcollection”undertheislandstotheeastofIndonesia.UnlikeothercontinentslikeAfricaandSouthAmerica,whichbrokeneatlyintotwopieces,Argolandsplitintomanysmallerfragmentsthatweredispersed,whichmadeitdifficultforscientiststolocateandstudythecontinent’sgeologicalfeatures.However,withadvancedtechnologyandthediscovery,scientistscannowpiecethemtogether.Tracingthecontinentsisvitalforunderstandingprocessesliketheevolutionofbiodiversity.ItcouldhelpexplainsomethingknownasthemysteriousWallaceline,whichisanimaginaryboundarythatseparatesmammals,birds,andevenearlyhumanspeciesinSoutheastAsianislands.Theboundaryhaspuzzledscientistsbecauseofhowclearlyitseparatestheisland’swildlife.Tothewestofthelineareplacentalmammalslikeapesandelephants.Butthesearealmostcompletelyabsenttotheeast,whereyoucanfindmarsupialsandcockatoos—animalstypicallyassociatedwithAustralia.ResearchershavetheorizedthatthismaybebecauseArgolandcarrieditsownwildlifeawayfromAustraliabeforeitcrashedintoSoutheastAsia,whichhelpsexplainwhydifferentspeciesarefoundindifferentnations.ThestoryofArgolandisnotoneofcompletedisappearancebutoftransformation.Astheworldcontinuestoevolve,thislostcontinentservesasapowerfulsymbolofthefragilityoflifeonthisplanet,andareminderoftheimportanceofrespectingandprotectingtheworldthatwelivein.28.WhatdoweknowaboutArgoland?A.Itsplitintotwopiecesmanyyearsago.B.ItbrokeawayfromthecontinentofAfrica.C.ItsanktothebottomoftheArgoAbyssalPlain.D.ItexistsasfragmentsundertheeasternislandsofIndonesia.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispersed”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Crashed. B.Connected. C.Distributed. D.Disappeared.30.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“Wallaceline”inparagraph4?A.TointroducetheearlyhistoryofArgoland.B.TostressthesignificanceoftracingArgoland.C.ToprovethebiodiversityofSoutheastAsianislands.D.ToexplaintheevolutionaryprocessofAustralianspecies.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDiscoveryofaLostContinent B.TheBoundariesofWildlifeHabitatsC.TheGeologicalFeaturesofArgoland D.TheFormationoftheArgoAbyssalPlain【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本篇文章主要圍繞科學家發現了1.55億年前“消失的”阿爾戈大陸而展開。文章解釋了阿爾戈大陸早年從澳大利亞大陸分離，往西北方向漂移，最終在印度尼西亞島嶼的東部以廣泛分散的碎片形式被發現。這一發現對于科學家們研究生物多樣性以及東南亞島嶼上神秘的華萊士線都有著重要的意義。〖答案〗28.D29.C30.B31.A【28題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“Usingthistheory,geologistsatUtrechtUniversitydiscoveredthatArgolandhadn’treallydisappearedbutsurvivedasa“veryextendedandfragmentedcollection”undertheislandstotheeastofIndonesia.(利用這一理論，烏特勒支大學的地質學家發現，阿爾戈大陸并沒有真正消失，而是作為一個“非常廣泛并分散的集合體”存在于印度尼西亞東部的島嶼下方)”可知，阿爾戈大陸是以碎片的形式存在于印度尼西亞東部島嶼之下。故選D項。【29題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞上文“UnlikeothercontinentslikeAfricaandSouthAmerica,whichbrokeneatlyintotwopieces,Argolandsplitintomanysmallerfragments”可知，阿爾戈大陸不像非洲和南美洲那樣是整齊地分裂成兩部分，阿爾戈蘭大陸分裂成許多較小的碎片，再結合畫線詞下文“whichmadeitdifficultforscientiststolocateandstudythecontinent’sgeologicalfeatures”可知，這使得科學家很難確定它的位置并研究它的地質特征。然而，利用先進的技術和這項新發現，科學家們現在能夠將它們拼湊起來。故畫線詞所在句應表示阿爾戈大陸分裂成許多“分散的”小碎片。“Distributed”意為“分散的”，符合語境，故選C項。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Tracingthecontinentsisvitalforunderstandingprocessesliketheevolutionofbiodiversity.ItcouldhelpexplainsomethingknownasthemysteriousWallaceline,whichisanimaginaryboundarythatseparatesmammals,birds,andevenearlyhumanspeciesinSoutheastAsianislands.Theboundaryhaspuzzledscientistsbecauseofhowclearlyitseparatestheisland’swildlife.Tothewestofthelineareplacentalmammalslikeapesandelephants.Butthesearealmostcompletelyabsenttotheeast,whereyoucanfindmarsupialsandcockatoos—animalstypicallyassociatedwithAustralia.ResearchershavetheorizedthatthismaybebecauseArgolandcarrieditsownwildlifeawayfromAustraliabeforeitcrashedintoSoutheastAsia,whichhelpsexplainwhydifferentspeciesarefoundindifferentnations.(追溯大陸的變遷對于我們理解生物多樣性的發展過程至關重要。這有助于解釋神秘的華萊士線，它是一條虛構的邊界，將東南亞島嶼上的哺乳動物、鳥類甚至早期人類物種分隔開來。這條邊界之所以令科學家困惑，是因為它清晰地劃分了島嶼上的野生動物。在這條線的西側是類似猿和大象的胎盤哺乳動物，但這些動物在該線的東側幾乎完全不存在，取而代之的是有袋類動物和鳳頭鸚鵡等通常與澳大利亞相關聯的動物。研究人員推測，這可能是因為阿爾戈大陸帶著自己的野生動物從澳大利亞漂移至東南亞，這有助于解釋為什么不同的物種分布在不同的國家)”可推知，第四段提及“華萊士線”旨在強調追溯阿爾戈大陸的意義。故選B項。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第一段“GeologistshavelongbeenfascinatedbyamissingpieceofEarth’shistory—alostcontinentcalledArgoland.Around155millionyearsago,the5,000-kilometercontinentbrokeofffromWesternAustraliaandbegandrifting(漂移),leavingbehindabasindeepbelowtheoceanknownastheArgoAbyssalPlain.ButwheredidArgolandactuallygo?(長期以來，地質學家一直對地球歷史上缺失的一段歷史著迷——一塊名為阿爾戈蘭的失落大陸。大約1.55億年前，這塊5000公里長的大陸從西澳大利亞分離出來，開始漂流，在海洋深處留下了一個盆地，被稱為阿爾戈深海平原。但阿爾戈蘭到底去了哪里？)”結合本篇文章主要圍繞科學家發現了1.55億年前“消失的”阿爾戈大陸而展開。文章解釋了阿爾戈大陸早年從澳大利亞大陸分離，往西北方向漂移，最終在印度尼西亞島嶼的東部以廣泛分散的碎片形式被發現。這一發現對于科學家們研究生物多樣性以及東南亞島嶼上神秘的華萊士線都有著重要的意義。結合選項，A項“失落大陸的發現”能夠概括文章主旨，故選A項。DThere’sausefulconceptfrompsychologythathelpsexplainwhygoodpeopledothingsthatharmtheenvironment:thefalseconsensuseffect.That’swhereweovervaluehowacceptableandprevalent(普遍的)ourownbehaviorisinsociety.Putsimply,ifyou’redoingsomething(evenifyousecretlyknowyouprobablyshouldn’t),you’remorelikelytothinkplentyofotherpeopledoittoo.What’smore,youlikelyoverestimatehowmuchotherpeoplethinkthatbehaviorisbroadlyOK.Thisbias(偏見)allowspeopletojustifysociallyunacceptableorillegalbehaviors.Researchershaveobservedthefalseconsensuseffectindruguseandillegalhunting.Morerecently,conservationistsarebeginningtorevealhowthiseffectcontributestoenvironmentaldamage.InAustralia,peoplewhoadmittedtopoachingthoughtitwasmuchmoreprevalentinsocietythanitreallywas,andhadhigherestimatesthanfisherswhoobeyedthelaw.Theyalsobelievedothersviewedpoachingassociallyacceptable;however,inreality,morethan90%offishersheldtheoppositeview.Thefalseconsensuseffecthasalsoshownupinstudiesexaminingsupportfornuclearenergyandoffshorewindfarms.Justasconceptsfrompsychologycanhelpexplainsomeformsofenvironmentaldamage,sotoocantheyhelpaddressit.Forexample,researchshowspeoplearemorelikelytolitterinareaswherethere’salreadyalotoftrashscatteredaround;somakingsurethegroundaroundabinisnotcoveredinrubbishmayhelp.Factualinformationonhowotherpeoplethinkandbehavecanbeverypowerful.Energycompanieshavesubstantiallyreducedenergyconsumptionsimplybyshowingpeoplehowtheirelectricityusecomparestotheirneighbors.Encouragingly,stimulatingpeople’snaturaldesireforstatushasalsobeensuccessfulingettingpeopleto“gogreentobeseen”,ortopubliclybuyeco-friendlyproducts.Astheresearchevidenceshows,socialnormscanbeapowerfulforceinencouragingandpopularizingenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors.Perhapsyoucandoyourbitbysharingthisarticle!32.Whichexamplebestillustratesthefalseconsensuseffect?A.AstudentspendslonghourssurfingtheInternet.B.Abloggerassumesmanypeopledislikehisposts.C.Adriverfrequentlyparksillegallyinpublicplaces.D.Asmokerbelievespeoplegenerallyapproveofsmoking.33.HowdidmostAustralianfishersviewtheissueofpoaching?A.Itisunacceptable. B.Itiswidespread.C.Itiscontroversial. D.Itiscomplex.34.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gogreentobeseen”inparagraph5mean?A.Embracegreenhabitsforbetterhealth.B.Makegreenchoicesthatotherscanperceive.C.Joingreenmovementsforpersonalfulfillment.D.Choosegreenitemsthatareeasytospotinstores.35.Whatisarecommendedapproachtoaddressingenvironmentalproblems?A.Downplaysocialnorms. B.Highlightpersonalresponsibilities.C.Publicizesustainablepractices. D.Encouragetechnologicalinnovations.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了錯誤共識效應這種心理現象，同時探討了如何利用該效應解決環境問題。〖答案〗32.D33.A34.B35.C【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“There’sausefulconceptfrompsychologythathelpsexplainwhygoodpeopledothingsthatharmtheenvironment:thefalseconsensuseffect.(心理學中有一個有用的概念，可以幫助解釋為什么好人會做危害環境的事情：錯誤共識效應。)”和“Putsimply,ifyou’redoingsomething(evenifyousecretlyknowyouprobablyshouldn’t),you’remorelikelytothinkplentyofotherpeopledoittoo.(簡單地說，如果你正在做某件事（即使你私下里知道你可能不應該做），你更有可能認為很多其他人也在做這件事。)”可知，錯誤共識效應使人們可以為社會不可接受或非法的行為找到合理化的理由。只有D選項“Asmokerbelievespeoplegenerallyapproveofsmoking.(吸煙者認為人們普遍贊成吸煙。)”最能說明錯誤共識效應。故選D。【33題詳析】細節理解題。從第三段“Theyalsobelievedothersviewedpoachingassociallyacceptable;however,inreality,morethan90%offishersheldtheoppositeview.(他們還認為，其他人認為偷獵是社會可以接受的；然而，在現實中，超過90%的漁民持相反的觀點。)”可知，大多數澳大利亞漁民覺得偷獵是不可接受的。故選A。【34題詳析】詞句猜測題。從倒數第二段中“ortopubliclybuyeco-friendlyproducts(或者公開購買環保產品)”可知，or表示“或者”，說明劃線短語和buyeco-friendlyproducts意思相近，也就是買東西時做出環保的選擇，并且讓他人看見或知道，和B選項“Makegreenchoicesthatotherscanperceive.(做出別人能理解的綠色選擇。)”意思相近。故選B。【35題詳析】推理判斷題。根據倒數第三段的“Justasconceptsfrompsychologycanhelpexplainsomeformsofenvironmentaldamage,sotoocantheyhelpaddressit.(正如心理學概念可以幫助解釋某些形式的環境破壞一樣，它們也可以幫助解決環境破壞問題。)”，倒數第二段的“Factualinformationonhowotherpeoplethinkandbehavecanbeverypowerful.Energycompanieshavesubstantiallyreducedenergyconsumptionsimplybyshowingpeoplehowtheirelectricityusecomparestotheirneighbors.(關于別人如何思考和行為的事實信息是非常強大的。能源公司僅僅通過向人們展示他們的用電量與鄰居的比較就大大減少了能源消耗。)”和最后一段的“Astheresearchevidenceshows,socialnormscanbeapowerfulforceinencouragingandpopularizingenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors.(正如研究證據所表明的那樣，社會規范可以成為鼓勵和普及環境友好行為的強大力量。)”可知，改變人們的觀念可以解決環境問題，也就是要宣傳可持續發展的做法。故選C。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Manysignificantinternationalprojectshaveconsideredhowschoolingmightchangetobettermatchthechangesthathavetakenplaceinthe21stcentury.____36____Oneisashiftinthemeaningofknowledge,andtheotheristheneedtobuildeducationsystemsbasedaroundwhatwenowknowaboutlearning.Theterm“knowledgeage”or“knowledgeeconomy”referstoareorganizationawayfromanIndustrialAgeeconomy,whereexploitation(開采)ofnaturalresources,primaryproductionandmassproductionwerethestandardmodelsforeconomicdevelopment.____37____Thisisachievedthroughtherapidcreationofnewknowledgeandhasbecomethebasisforeconomicdevelopment.Itisarguedthateducationfortheknowledgeagemustfocusonthedevelopmentoflearners’competencestodealwithnewsituationsandenvironments.____38____Nordoesitdenytheneedforobviousgoalsforstudents’knowledgedevelopment.Rather,thefuture-focusededucationliteraturesuggestsweneedtoadoptamuchmorecomplexviewofknowledge,onethatincorporatesknowing,doingandbeing.Alongsidethisweneedtorethinkourideasabouthowourlearningsystemsareorganized,resourcedandsupported.Researchclearlyshowsthatpeopledonotlearnwellaspassiverecipients(接受者)ofpre-packaged,bite-sizedpiecesofknowledge.____39____Althoughsomeoftheseprinciplesareunderstoodbymanyteachers,oureducationsystemsandpracticesareoftensetupinwaysthatdonotsupporttheseprinciplestooperateinpractice.Teachersandschoolleadersareattemptingparadigm(范式)shifts.____40____A.Thereneedstobewiderpublicsupportforthem.B.Therearetwoimportantideasthatsupportthiswork.C.Thisdoesnotmeanthatknowledgenolongermatters.D.Goodlearningrequiresactive