2024屆云南省第一次高中畢業(yè)生復習統(tǒng)一檢測（一模）英語

試題

學校:姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀理解

2024TravelPlanner:TheBestThingstoSeeintheUK

IconsofBritishFashion,Oxfordshire

AfashionexhibitionwillopenatBlenheimPalaceinMarch.IconsofBritishFashionis

thelargesteventinthepalace5s300-yearhistoryandwillshowcasesomeofBritain'smost

famousdesigners.Clothing,drawings,photographsandpatternswillbeondisplay.23March

to30June.Palaceentryticketsarevalidforayearandcost￡38foradults,￡22for

under-16s.

Toulouse-LautrecinBath

Anewexhibition,Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoria

ArtGalleryinBathinApril.Morethan30piecesfromtheartisfscolourfulcareerwillbe

shownalongsideworksbyotherartistsoftheday.ThisistheonlychancetoseeLautrec9s

completecollectionofpostersintheUKbeforeitmovestoapermanenthomeattheMusee

d'lxellesinBelgium.26Aprilto29September,adults￡10,children￡3.50.

BackinTimeatBeamish

Atrulyrecreated1950spicturehouseatBeamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthe

goldenageofmovie-going.Thecinemawillbethelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown“opened

lastsummeratthelivinghistorymuseum.Adults￡24.95,children￡15.45,afamilyoffour

￡63.50,validforayear.

NationalGallerygoesontour

TheNationalGallerycelebratesits200thanniversaryon10May.Tomarktheoccasion,

thegalleryislending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12venuesacrosstheUK.Paintings

willtraveltocentresfromBrightontoEdinburgh,andwillallgoondisplayon10May.Each

ofthe12venueswillrunexhibitionsanddigitalinterventionstoshowcaseitsparticular

painting.

1.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5-year-oldpayforBlenheim'sexhibition?

A.￡23.50.B.￡60.00.C.￡63.50.D.￡98.00.

2.WhatdoToulouse-LautrecandNationalGalleryhaveincommon?

A.Recallingtheartisfscareer.

B.Offeringchancestomakeposters.

C.Employingdigitalinterventions.

D.Enablingvisitorstoenjoyarts.

3.Whichofthefollowingisayear-roundevent?

A.IconsofBritishFashion.

B.Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre.

C.1950sPictureHouseVisit.

D.NationalGalleryPaintingShow.

Thememoryofoneparticularsummereveningisstillburnedinmybrainasifitwere

yesterday.Therewasnothingbutwide-openfieldsformilesandmilesaroundourrural

Minnesotahome.Weneversawstrangersnoteverandhereonthishoteveningwasareallive

onewalkingupourdriveway.

Ayoungman,aslightly-builthitchhiker（搭便車的人）approachedourdoor.Heknew

therewasastormcoming,andhedesperatelyneededshelter.Notwantingtointrudeonour

homeandfamily,heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepinourbasementforthenightfor

protectionfromtherain.Insteadofsayingyes,mydadloadedusallupinthe1959Chevrolet:

fivekids,mymum,andtheman.

Ourfamilyconsistedofthreeolderchildrenwhosefatherhaddiedyoungandthreemore

childrenfromtheunionofmymotherandfather.OurolderbrotherJerrywasintheNavy,on

ashipsomewhereoverseas.Ourmumanddadworriedabouthim.

Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDadboughtthemanaroomforthenight

alongwithahoteveningmeal.Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,Iheardmydad

saytomymum,“IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbereturned

to

Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoungman.Myunclesuggestedthatperhaps

mydadshouldn'thavetakentheriskofhavingastrangerinourcar.Mydadreplied,atYbuare

absolutelyright.Ishouldhaveinvitedhimintoourhome.^^

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“intrudeon^^inparagraph2mean?

A.Disturb.B.Scare.C.Embarrass.D.Upset.

試卷第2頁，共10頁

5.Howdidtheauthor'sfatherhelpthestranger?

A.Byprovidingabedforhiminthebasement.

B.Bylettinghimstayforthenightinthecar.

C.Bytakinghimtoahotelinanothertown.

D.Bycookingahoteveningmealforhim.

6.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor9sfamily?

A.Thefamilyhadfivechildrenintotal.

B.JerrywasservinginthearmyintheUSA.

C.Theyhadnospareroomforthehitchhiker.

D.Dadwishedhiseldersontobetreatedkindly.

7.Whatdidtheauthor9sunclethinkofhisfather'sdeed?

A.Worthwhile.B.Inappropriate.C.Inspiring.D.Unbelievable.

Almostallnewparentsstruggletogetenoughsleepwhilecaringfortheirnewborns.For

somepenguin（企鵝）parents,though,periodsofsleepareespeciallyshort.

ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsat

atimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimes

throughouttheday.Theshort“microsleeps''totalaround11hourseachday.Themicrosleeps

appeartobeenoughtokeeptheparentsgoingformanyweeks.

NielsRattenborg,asleepresearcherattheMaxPlanckInstituteforBiological

IntelligenceinGermany,said,"What'ssurprisingisthatthepenguinsareabletofunction

okayandsuccessfullyraisetheiryoung.^^

ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnestsmadeupofsmallrocks.

Mated（交酉己的）pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusuallywatchestheeggs

andchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adultpenguinsdon'tface

manynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.Butlargebirdscalledbrownskuaseatthe

penguineggsandsmallchicks.Otheradultpenguinsmayalsotrytostealthesmallrocks

fromthenests,sopenguinparentsmustalwaysbeonguard.

Forthefirsttime,scientistsfollowedthesleepingbehaviorofChinstrappenguins.They

didthisbyattachingdevicesthatmeasurebrainwaves.Theycollecteddataon14adultsover

11daysonKingGeorgeIslandoffthecoastofAntarctica.

WonYoungLee,abiologistattheKoreanPolarResearchInstitute,thoughtoftheidea

forthestudywhenhesawmatingpenguinsoftenblinking（眨）theireyesandpossibly

sleeping.Buttheteamneededtorecordbrainwavestoconfirmtheanimalsweresleeping.

“Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesomerestorativefunctions,hesaid.Headdedthat

theywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.

Theresearchersdidn'tcollectsleepdataoutsidethematingseason.Buttheysuspectthat

thepenguinsmaysleepforlongerperiodsatothertimesoftheyear.

8.WhathaveresearchersfoundaboutChinstrappenguins?

A.Theytaketurnstotakecareoftheyoung.

B.Theysleepforseveralsecondsatatime.

C.Theyrestfor11hoursinaroweveryday.

D.Theybehavepoorlyduetolackofsleep.

9.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Thehabitatsofthepenguins.B.Thelivinghabitsofthepenguins.

C.Thematingseasonsofthepenguins.D.Thenaturalenemiesofthepenguins.

10.WhichofthefollowingmightWonYoungLeeagreewith?

A.Microsleepsofthepenguinsmatterintheirsurvival.

B.It'sdifficulttorecordbrainwavesofthepenguins.

C.Thepenguinsmaysleeplongerthanpeoplebelieve.

D.Morefundsareneededtofurtherstudythepenguins.

11.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Abookreview.B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Asciencejournal.D.Achemistrytextbook.

Whenpeoplethinkofwordinnovatorsthroughouthistory,malewriterslikelycometo

mind.Shakespeareiscreditedwithinventingmorethan1,700words,including"bedroom”,

“courtship"and"swagger”.CharlesDickensissaidtohavefirstusedthewords

“butterfingers"and"doormat”,andDr.Seussreportedlycameupwith"nerd".

Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,historianssayanothergrouphasaneven

greaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:teenagegirls.Womenleadupto90percent

oflinguistic（語言的）changes,associolinguistWilliamLabovobservedintheearly2000s.

Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguisticallyaheadofmen"byafullgeneration”.

Nowwomenareleadingthechargeonline.ThoughOxfordUniversityPress'2023word

試卷第4頁，共10頁

oftheyear,"rizz”,meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including

“situationship''and"swiftie“wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.Theterm"goblinmode”,

whichreferstolazybehavior,wasOxford^2022wordoftheyearandappearstohavebeen

firstusedbyawomanonTwitterin2009.

Ifsoftenimpossibletotellwhofirstusednewwords.Butwhetherornotyounggirls

inventnewphrases,theyaremorelikelytobeearlyadoptersofthelatestlingo（術語），says

UniversityofTorontolinguistSaliTagliamonte,"They'repushingchangesforward.9,

Thereareahandfulofpossiblereasonswhygirlsleadlexical（詞7匚的）innovation.

AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorofBecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRules

ofLanguage,womentendtobemoresociallyaware.Theyhavelargersocialcirclesandmay

beexposedtomorelanguagediversity.Andbecausewomentendtobecaregivers,boys

usuallylearnlanguagefromtheirmothers,whereaswomenandgirlslearnwordsfromother

women.

12.Whydoestheauthormentionsomewordscoinedbymalewriters?

A.Tocomparemaleandfemalewriters.

B.Tointroducesomewell-knownwriters.

C.Toleadinthetopictobetalkedabout.

D.Toputforwardapointtobeproved.

13.Whichofthefollowingwordswasinventedbyamale?

A.Rizz.B.Situationship.C.Swiftie.D.Goblinmode.

14.Whothinkswomen'ssocialawarenesscontributestolexicalinnovation?

A.Dr.Seuss.B.WilliamLabov.

C.SaliTagliamonte.D.GretchenMcCulloch.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.NewWordsAreAddedtoEnglishDictionaries

B.FemaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChanges

C.WomenAreMoreSensitivetoLanguageDiversity

D.NewTermsMakeCommunicationMoreColorful

HowtoDealwithAwkwardSilences

Weallknowwhatit'slikewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou'relefttositinsilence.

16Thankfully,fillingthesesilencesisn'tasdifficultasitmayseem.Readontolearn

howtoinitiatesmalltalkanddealwithawkwardsilences.

?Thinkoftopicsaheadoftime.

Beforeattendingasocialevent,thinkofafew"go-to“topicstojumpstartadead

conversation.Thiswillhelpyoutofillthesilencesinsteadofstrugglingforwordsinthe

moment.Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallback

options.17

?Askopen-endedquestions.

Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.18Theyhelpavoid

resultinginshortresponse.Forexample,insteadofasking,C4Didyoulikeyourhighschool?”,

youcouldask,“Whatdidyoulikeaboutyourhighschool?^^

?19

Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyour

questionwithashortstatementsuchas"Yes"or"No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren't

comfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.Instead,talkaboutsomethingthatyouknow

they'reinterestedin.Forexample,44Iheardyouwonyourfootballgametheothernight.I'd

lovetohearaboutit.”

?Giveacompliment（表揚）.

20Forexample,youcouldsay,“Ireallylikeyourshirt.Wheredidyougetit?”

Thiscouldmovetheconversationinanotherdirectionwhilemakingtheotherpersonfeel

good.Sticktosayingnicethingsifyou'retryingtomakesmalltalk.

A.Keeptheconversationflowing.

B.Italsoallowsyoutospendmoretimetogether.

C.Listencarefullyandrespondtotheirreactions.

D.There'sonlyonewordtodescribeit:awkward.

E.Thisisalwaysasafebet,aslongasifsappropriate.

F.Suchquestionsarelikelytogetthepersontalkingmore.

G.However,avoidsomesubjectsthatmaycausearguments.

二、完形填空

Growinguponafarm,ToriJamesspentmuchofherearlyyearsoutdoors,building

sheltersandplayinginmuddystreams.She21herselfasanambitiousand

試卷第6頁，共10頁

adventurouschildandowestheDukeofEdinburghAwardtoherlovefor22.James

saysshecouldneverhave23thatonedayshemightbetheyoungestBritishwoman

to24thepeakofMountEverest.

Today,Jamesisa(n)25adventurer.Alongsidehersuccessfulclimbofthe

world's26peakin2007,shewasamemberofthefirstall-femaleteamto27

atiring650-kilometreskiracetotheMagneticNorthPolein2005,andin2014shesetthe

28forthelongestnon-stopopen-seakayakcrossinginUKwaters.

Yetaheadofherfirstexplorationattheageof18,Jameshad29herabilityto

lastamonthoutinthecoldwithoutthecomfortofahotbath."It'sonlyby30

ourcomfortzonethatweunderstandourtruepotential,sheexplains,"That'swhenthe

31happens.^^

Jamesencourageswould-beadventurersnottobe32bytheconventional

imageoftherugged(粗獷的)，hardyexplorer."Iamsuchabelieverthat,withtheright

supportandskills,everyonecanbring33toanexploration,sheadds,

"Sometimes,ifsonlyoutinthefieldthatsomeone's34talentsemerge,

35intheprocessofexploration.”

21.A.describesB.admitsC.imaginesD.praises

22.A.wildlifeB.scienceC.explorationD.competition

23.A.explainedB.understoodC.declaredD.predicted

24.A.measureB.approachC.admireD.reach

25.A.patientB.ordinaryC.professionalD.honest

26.A.coldestB.highestC.prettiestD.straightest

27.A.completeB.coachc.judgeD.cancel

28.A.recordB.dateC.goalD.standard

29.A.lostB.doubtedC.limitedD.developed

30.A.enteringB.restoringC.leavingD.expanding

31.A.emergencyB.accidentC.eventD.magic

32.A.pushedaheadB.keptapartC.cheeredupD.putoff

33.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything

34.A.academicB.creativeC.hiddenD.artistic

35.A.eventuallyB.particularlyC.generallyD.obviously

三、語法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Acomposting(堆月巴)programatTheWesleySchoolinLosAngelesishelpingstudents

gethands-onexperienceandways36(handle)human-drivenclimatechange.For

thepastyear,alltheleftoverfoodwastefromtheschoolhasgoneintocompostingcontainers

ratherthanalandfill37itwouldbeburiedandwouldproduceplanet-warming

gases.

Theschool'scompostingprogram38(come)intobeingin2022,andthisyear,

theschoolhelda39(celebrate)torevealwhathappenedinsideaseriesof

five-foot-tallcontainers.StevenWynbrandt,alocalfarmer40compostingconsultant

whohashelpedtheschoolwithitsprogram,brokethetiesthatheldthecontainerclosed.Rich

blackcompostspilledoutfromthecontainer.

Theschoolwillusethecompostonplantsaroundcampus.Somewill41(offer)

tofamiliesthatwanttouseitathome,andwhateverisleftwillbedonated.

Ittakestwohoursforthecontainertobeemptiedandpreparedtoreceive42

nextday'slunchleftovers.Theothercontainersremainfulloffoodwastethatisinthe

processof43(break)down.Decorated44(poster)ontheoutsideofeach

containerindicatewhentheycanbeopenedsothatthenextgenerationofplantsoncampus

canbenefit45therichsoil.

四、書信寫作

46.假如你是李華，你市電視臺正面向留學生開展主題為“FeelofChina”的短視頻(short

video)征集活動。請給你的留學生朋友Chris寫一封郵件，鼓勵他參加，內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動介紹；

2.內(nèi)容要求。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearChris,

Howareyoudoing?

試卷第8頁，共10頁

Yours,

LiHua

五、書面表達

47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

ItwasJuly2019andmymumRebeccawastakingmeona120kmwalkingholidayfrom

PortugaltoSpainasaspecialtreatformy10thbirthday.Oneday,whilewalkingalongthe

coastalpathstaringoutattheAtlanticocean,IchattedawaytoMum."WhenLexiturns.10,

areyougoingtotakeheronatriplikethis?”Iasked,referringtomyseven-year-oldsister.

MumsaidLexihadalreadyaskedtogotoSvalbardinthenorthofNorwaybecauseshewas

crazyaboutpolarbears.

AlthoughIwasstillonmyfirstspecialtrip,I'dbeenlearningaboutancientcivilizations

atschoolandknewI'dlovetoseesomerelicsintheflesh.SoIcontinuedsaying,“Whydon't

IgotoEgyptwhileyou*reinSvalbardwithLexi?”,addingthatmydad,Olaf,couldtakeme

there.'"Great,butPmnotpayingforit."Muimreplied,chuckling.C4Thafsfine.Pllpay,“Isaid,

"I'llsaveupmypocketmoneyandgetajob.”

SothafsexactlywhatIdid.ThoughIwastooyoungtodoanyotherpaidwork,Ihad

myownsolution.Istartedsavingmy$10-a-weekpocketmoney.Also,Iwashedmy

parents5carormowedthelawnforextracash.

In2020,wemovedtoPerth.Oneday,Isawapamphlet（小冊子）intheletterbox

advertisingajobdeliveringcatalogues.WhenItoldMumIwantedtodoit,shetriedtoput

meofftheidea,remindingmethattheworkwastiringandtime-consuming.Butwhenseeing

thedeterminationinmyeyes,sheagreedtocallthem.Thankfully,myyoungagedidn't

botherthem-Igotthejob.OnaMonday,amountainofcataloguesweredroppedoffatour

house,whichshockedmealot.Itoldmyselftocalmdownanddedicatedtowork.Ittookme

ninehourstosortthroughthem.Atfirst,Iusedmybikeandcarriedthecataloguesinmy

backpacktodeliverthemto430housesinmyarea.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150個左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Afterseveraldeliveries,Ifounditwasn'tveryefficient.

Threeandahalfyearslater,Isavedamassive$6,500,andDadandIflewtoCairo,

Egypt.

試卷第10頁，共10頁

參考答案:

1.D2.D3.C

【導語】

這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了幾個2024年旅行規(guī)劃師推薦的英國最好的景點。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IconsofBritishFashion,Oxfordshire部分的“Palaceentryticketsare

validforayearandcost￡38foradults,￡22forunder-16s.（白金漢宮門票有效期為一年，成人

票價38英鎊，16歲以下票價22英鎊。）”可知，一對夫妻和一個5歲的小孩參觀Blenheim

的展覽花費38x2+22=98英鎊。故選D。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Toulouse-LautrecinBath部分的“Anewexhibition,Toulouse-Lautrecand

theMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoriaArtGalleryinBathinApril.Morethan30pieces

fromtheartisfscolourfulcareerwillbeshownalongsideworksbyotherartistsoftheday.（今年4

月，一場名為《圖盧茲-羅特列克與蒙馬特大師》的新展覽將在巴斯的維多利亞美術館開幕。

這位藝術家豐富多彩的職業(yè)生涯中的30多件作品將與當時其他藝術家的作品一起展出。）”

和NationalGallerygoesontour部分的“TheNationalGallerycelebratesits200thanniversary

on10May.Tomarktheoccasion,thegalleryislending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12

venuesacrosstheUK.（國家美術館將于5月10日慶祝其成立200周年。為了紀念這一時刻，

該畫廊將向英國12個場館出借12幅最具代表性的畫作。廣可知，這兩個地方的共同之處在

于他們都讓游客享受藝術。故選D。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BackinTimeatBeamish部分的“Atrulyrecreated1950spicturehouseat

Beamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthegoldenageofmovie-going.Thecinemawillbe

thelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown“openedlastsummeratthelivinghistorymuseum.Adults

￡24.95,children￡15.45,afamilyoffour￡63.50,validforayear.（在比米什，一■座真正重現(xiàn)了

20世紀50年代的電影院將為游客提供一個回憶電影黃金時代的機會。這家電影院將是去年

夏天在活歷史博物館開放的“20世紀50年代小鎮(zhèn)”的最新成員。成人24.95英鎊，兒童15.45

英鎊，四口之家63.50英鎊，有效期一年。廣可知，1950年代的PictureHouse參觀是一個全

年的活動。故選C。

4.A5.C6.D7.B

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的父親在一個即將下暴雨的夏日幫助一個陌

答案第1頁，共11頁

生人的故事。

4.詞句猜測題。由文章第二段劃線詞所在句子“heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepinour

basementforthenightforprotectionfromtherain.（他問我爸爸是否可以在我們家的地下室過

夜，以防下雨。）”可知，這個陌生人應該是不想打擾作者的家人，詢問是否可以住在地下室；

由此猜測，劃線詞的意思是“打擾”，與disturb（打擾）。故選A。

5.細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中"Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDadboughtthe

manaroomforthenightalongwithahoteveningmeal.（我們開車帶他到10英里外的下一個

城鎮(zhèn)，在那里爸爸給他買了一個房間過夜，還給他買了一頓熱騰騰的晚餐。）”可知，作者的

父親通過帶這個陌生人去了另一個城鎮(zhèn)的旅館來幫助他。故選C?

6.細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,Iheardmydadsay

tomymum,“IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbereturnedto

him.”（我們把那個陌生人送上車后，我聽到爸爸對媽媽說:“我只希望，如果杰里有什么需要，

這份善意能回到他那里（即他能得到幫助）。“廣可知，爸爸希望他的大兒子受到善待。故選

Do

7.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中“Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoungman.My

unclesuggestedthatperhapsmydadshouldn'thavetakentheriskofhavingastrangerinourcar.

（幾周后，爸爸把那個年輕人的事告訴了叔叔。我叔叔建議說，也許我父親不應該冒險讓一

個陌生人坐在我們的車里。廠可知，作者的叔叔認為他父親的行為是不合適的。故選B。

8.B9.B10.A11.C

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，帽帶企鵝每次只睡大約四秒鐘，

以保護它們的蛋和新生的小企鵝。他們一天要這樣做幾千次。文章介紹了關于帽帶企鵝睡眠

時間短，來保護小企鵝的研究過程、方式以及存在的局限性。

8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepfor

aboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothis

thousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.Theshort“microsleeps''totalaround11hourseachday.

（研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，為了保護它們的蛋和剛出生的小企鵝，Chintstrap企鵝一次只睡大約4

秒鐘。他們一天中這樣做數(shù)千次。短暫的“微睡眠”每天總計約11小時）”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，

企鵝為了保護它們的蛋和剛出生的企鵝，它們一次只睡大約幾秒鐘。故選B。

9.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段的"ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnests

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madeupofsmallrocks.Mated（交酉己的）pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusually

watchestheeggsandchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adult

penguinsdon'tfacemanynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.（頸帶企鵝通常在11月在由小巖

石組成的巢穴中產(chǎn)卵。配對的人分擔養(yǎng)育子女的責任。父母中的一方通常獨自照看雞蛋和小

企鵝，而另一方則外出捕魚與家人團聚。成年企鵝在交配季節(jié)不會遇到很多天敵）”以及全段

可知，本段主要介紹了企鵝的生活習慣，包括產(chǎn)卵的的時間，如何養(yǎng)育小企鵝等。故選B。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的""Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesomerestorative

functions,hesaid.Headdedthattheywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.（他說：“對于這些企鵝來說，

微睡眠具有一些恢復功能他補充說，沒有它，他們將無法生存）”可推知，WonYoungLee

認為睡眠對于企鵝的生存至關重要。故選A。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及第二段的“ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrap

penguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewborn

chicks.（研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，為了保護它們的蛋和剛出生的小企鵝，Chintstrap企鵝一次只睡

大約4秒鐘）”可知，本文主要講述研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，帽帶企鵝每次只睡大約四秒鐘，以保

護它們的蛋和新生的小企鵝。他們一天要這樣做幾千次。所以本篇文章最有可能出自科學雜

志。故選C。

12.C13.A14.D15.B

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了女性青少年對語言的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的影響。

12.推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,historianssay

anothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:teenagegirls.Women

leadupto90percentoflinguistic（語言的）changes,associolinguistWilliamLabovobservedin

theearly2000s.Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguisticallyaheadofmen"byafull

generation”“但是，歷史學家說，除了著名作家的貢獻外，另一個群體對語言的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了

更大的影響：少女。正如社會語言學家威廉?拉博夫在21世紀初觀察到的那樣，女性主導了

90%的語言變化。事實上，他寫道，女性在語言上往往比男性領先“整整一代”戶可推知，作

者提到一些男性作家創(chuàng)造的詞是為了引出要談論的話題，即女性群體對語言的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的影

響。故選C。

13.細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中"ThoughOxfordUniversityPress,2023wordoftheyear,66rizz",

meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including“situationship''and"swiftie”

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wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.（牛津大學出版社評選的2023年度詞匯中，意為"魅力"

的“rizz”是由一位男性創(chuàng)造的，但包括“situation”和“swifiie”在內(nèi)的幾個亞軍都是由女性啟發(fā)

或首次使用的）”可知，“rizz”是由一位男性創(chuàng)造的。故選A。

14.細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorofBecause

Internet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage,womentendtobemoresociallyaware.（《因

為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)：理解語言的新規(guī)則》一書的作者格雷琴?麥卡洛克認為，女性往往更有社會意識）”

可知，格雷琴?麥卡洛克認為女性的社會意識有助于詞匯創(chuàng)新。故選D。

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Butdespitecontributionsfiromfamous

writers,historianssayanothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:

teenagegirls.（但是，歷史學家說，除了著名作家的貢獻外，另一個群體對語言的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了

更大的影響：少女）”可知，文章主要介紹了女性青少年對語言的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的影響。由此可知，

FemaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChanges（女性青少年在語言變化中起主導作用）適合作

本文最佳標題。故選B。

16.D17.G18.F19.C20.E

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何應對在交談中因為沉默造成的尷尬的方法。

16.上文“WeallknowwhatifsHkewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou'relefttositinsilence.

（我們都知道當一次談話結(jié)束，你只能靜靜地坐著時是什么感覺）”說明談話結(jié)束無話可說的

局面非常令人尷尬。空處順接前文，說明無話可說的感覺非常的尷尬。D項“只有一個詞可

以形容它：尷尬。”符合語境。該項中的awkward是標題中該詞的復現(xiàn)。故選D。

17.上文“Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallback

options.（最近的新聞、當?shù)氐幕顒印⑹軞g迎的書籍和電視節(jié)目都是不錯的后備選擇）”說明最

近的新聞，活動，受歡迎的書籍和電視節(jié)目都是可以提前選擇的話題。空處和前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折

關系，說明選擇話題時需要注意的問題。G項中的“somesubjects”和前文中的topics相呼應，

所以G項“但是，要避免一些可能引起爭論的話題。”符合語境。故選G。

18.上文“Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.（提出有多個可能答案的問題）“

說明想要打破沉默，可以提出有多個答案的問題。空處承上啟下，說明這樣做的好處。F項

中的“Suchquestions”和時前文中該詞的復現(xiàn)，下文中的They指代的也是“Suchquestions”,

說明這樣的問題可能會讓對方多說話。故選F。

19.下文“Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyour

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questionwithashortstatementsuchas"Yes"or"No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren't

comfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.（與任何好的談話一樣，最大的關鍵是傾聽。如果

他們用“是”或“否”等簡短的回答來回答你的問題，這可能表明他們對談論某個特定的話題感

到不舒服）”說明本段所給建議為先要認真傾聽，在根據(jù)聽到了的信息做出回應。C