第②開始（從事）Whendidyoutakeupplayingbasketball?你什么時候開始打籃球的？Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費某人多少時間易混辨析：take,spend,cost,payTake:Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費某人多少時間Ittookhim45minutestoworkoutthemathproblem.他花費了45分鐘時間才解出了那道數學題。Spend:sb.spend(s)+time/money+(in)doingsth./onsth.Shespentanhourcleaningthehouse.她花了一個小時把房子打掃了一下。Cost:sth.cost(s)+sb.+moneyThesechairsinourofficecost40dollarseach.我們辦公室的這些椅子每把40美元。Pay:sb.+pay(s)+money+forsth.Ipaidtenyuanforthepen.我花了10元錢買這只鋼筆。(sb.be)thefirst/second.../next/last(+n.)todosth.（某人）第一個/第二個.../下一個/最后一個做某事句型講解：當名詞前有thefirst/second等序數詞，thelast/only/very或形容詞最高級修飾時，其后常用不定式做定語。Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.他總是第一個來最后一個離開的人。sothat以便，為了，以至于，因此句型講解：引導目的或結果狀語從句，從句只能位于主句之后。I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.我會慢慢說以便你能理解我的話。（目的狀語從句）HestudiedhardsothathewasadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.他學習很刻苦，因此考上了北京大學。（結果狀語從句）例1.Theycamebackfromtheirlongwalkandwentintobed,_____.tiredlybutexcitingtiredbutrelaxingtiredlybutrelaxedtiredbutrelaxed解析：句意：他們長途步行回來后就上床休息了，很累但是很放松。考查形容詞辨析。tired疲勞的，relaxed放松的，此處是形容詞作狀語，說明they所處的狀態。答案：D。例2.MarkpromisedmethathewouldtellFrankmymessage_____hemethimwhenhereturnedtoschool.nowthatthemomentincaseevenif解析：句意：Mark答應我他回到學校一遇到Frank就把我的信息告訴他。themoment一...就...，引導時間狀語從句，符合句意。nowthat既然，incase以防萬一，even甚至。答案：B。例3.Whatareyoudoingoutofbed,Tom?You’re_____tobeasleep.supposedknownthoughtconsidered解析：句意：你不睡覺在干什么，湯姆？你應該在睡覺。besupposedtodosth.意為“應該做某事”。beknowntobe被知道是，bethoughttobe被認為是，beconsideredtobe被認為是。答案：A。例4.（2019北京西城第一學期期末）They’vemovedtoadifferenthouse__________theirchildrencanattendabetterschool.A.incaseB.aslongasC.sothatD.eventhough解析：句意：他們搬到了另一所房子，以便他們的孩子能夠上一所比較好的學校。sothat引導目的狀語從句，符合語境。incase以防，aslongas只要，eventhough即使。答案：C。例5.（2019北京豐臺高三第一學期期末）Imissedsupper_____I’mstarving.A.butB.andC.orD.for解析：句意：我錯過了晚餐，現在正餓著。空格前后是兩個并列分句，為順承關系，所以要用and連接。答案：B。基礎演練一，根據首字母在空白處填寫單詞。Heoftenc__________tohiswifeabouthisbusywork.As__________oflecturesweregiventousstudentsinthehall.Thecarneedssomeu__________repairs.Wewanttolookatsomep__________computers.C__________moviesarepopularwithchildreninChina.Heoftensmokesanddrinks;hisl__________isn’thealthy.Areyoub__________withyourpresentjob?Shefoundtheairtripr__________andittookhermindoffherwork.二，根據句意用括號內的詞的正確形式填空。He’s__________(suffer)fromabadcold.Iprefer__________(stay)inthequitecountrysidetolivinginthenoisycity.It’sobviouslyvery__________(stress)forhertokeeptheiragreementasecret.Ican’tstand__________(laugh)atinpublic.The__________(studio)whichDisneystartedarestillbusyproducingmoreandmoreinterestingfilms.Keys：一，1.complains 2.series3.urgent 4.portable5.Cartoon 6.lifestyle7.bored 8.relaxing二，1.suffering 2.staying3.stressful 4.beinglaughed5.studios鞏固提高一，單項選擇。Sheboughtadigitalcameraonline___________shewouldsavealotoftime.sothat B.assoonas C.nomatter D.suchthat2.Iwantyoutobeconfidenteveninadifficult____________.A.states B.conditions C.situation D.position3.Pleasehurry!Wehave____________timeleft.A.little B.few C.alittleD.afew4.Thecamerais_________expensive__________Ican’taffordit.A.so;that B.such;that C.so;asto D.enough;that5.Yourbookshave__________toomuchspace.A.takenup B.takenover C.takenon D.takeinKeys：1-5ACAAA一，完成句子。實際上，明天我要去那里。________________________________________,I’mgoingtheretomorrow.這個信息很重要，因此應盡可能快點發出去。Themessageisveryimportant,soit___________________________________________________assoonaspossible.我們此刻很忙。We’rebusy______________________________.我一會兒就回來。I’llbeback______________________________.他一進來，我就認出他了。____________________hecamein,Irecognizedhim.我買了一本新詞典，它花了我30元。Iboughtanewdictionaryandit_________________________________________.每天晚飯后，如果工作不是很累，我常常會花一些時間散步。Everyeveningafterdinner,ifnottiredfrom,Iusually________________________________________.他的書架上滿是書和照片。Hisbookshelf_______________________________booksandphotos.許多人抱怨他們的工作是無趣的，令人厭煩的。Manypeoplecomplainthattheirjobsare_______________________________.這枯燥的演講使他很煩。The__________lecturemadehimvery__________.二，單項選擇。1.AseriesofbooksonLongMarch__________publishedbythepublishinghouserecently.A.havebeen B.hasbeen C.have D.has2.Therehasbeen__________rainlately.A.muchtoo B.toomuch C.toomany D.manytoo3.It’s__________coldtoday.A.muchtoo B.toomuch C.toomany D.manytoo4.I’llgiveyouananswer_____________I’vefinishedreadingyourarticle.A.while B.themoment C.suddenly D.once5.Iamgoingtotheoffice.________you’rethere,canyougetyousomestamps?As B.While C.Because D.If6.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_________infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.A.whom B.where C.which D.while7.Aftersupper,wetooka_________walk.A.relax B.relaxed C.relaxing D.Relaxation8.Thedoctoraskedhim_____theamountofsaltinhisdiet.A.toreduce B.reduce C.reduced D.reducing9.I’llweararedjacket_____youcanseemeeasily.A.incase B.sothat C.nowthat D.ifonly10.Don’tputyourbicycle_____thewindow.Theglasscanbeeasilybroken.A.Against B.With C.Beyond D.forKeys:一，1-101.Asamatteroffact 2.issupposedtobesent3.atthemoment 4.inamoment5.Themoment 6.costme30yuan7.spendsometimewalking 8.isfilledwith9.uninterestingandboring 10.boring,bored二，1-10BBABDDCABA__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一，完形填空。Ibecamelame（瘸的）inbothlegsinmychildhood.Ican’tstand16thesupportoftwosticks.OnlyinmywheelchaircanI“17”.Istillrememberthefirstdayat18.WhenIappearedatthedoor,19intheclassroomstared（凝視）atmein20.Myfaceturned21.Icouldn’thelp22back.Itwasthe23andsympathy（同情）intheireyesthat24medoingso.Iwentshylytowardsanunoccupied(空的)seat.Beinglame,Ididn’tdare(敢)to25infrontofmyclassmates.IwasafraidthatImightbe26at.InthosedaysIwasverysadtoseeotherswalking27.Oneday,afewstudentscameuptomeandaskedmetogooutside.Iwasreally28.Theyencouragedmewitha(n)29smileand30meinmywheelchairfromplacetoplace.Iwas31tothemforgivingmeachancetoseethe32ofourlovelyschoolwithmyowneyes.Afterthatweoftenread,playedandtalkedtogether.Myfriendsarealways33tohelpme.Itmademe34Iamhandicapped(殘疾的).Oncetheyaskedme,“Whatisthemostbeautifulthinginourschool?”Withouthesitation(猶豫)Isaid,“Itisthe35.”1.A.with B.without C.under D.on2.A.walk B.run C.sit D.stand3.A.school B.wheelchair C.home D.hospital4.A.he B.she C.everyone D.nobody5.A.thought B.interest C.anger D.surprise6.A.red B.brown C.white D.black7.A.entering B.hiding C.coming D.turning8.A.feeling B.kindness C.sorrow D.pain9.A.made B.stopped C.kept D.let10.A.walk B.study C.practice D.speak11.A.laughed B.smiled C.stared D.looked12.A.quickly B.slowly C.happily D.shyly13.A.brave B.sad C.hurt D.excited14.A.honest B.friendly C.luckily D.handsome15.A.pushed B.placed C.drew D.pulled16.A.satisfied B.sorry C.loyal D.thankful17.A.signs B.sights C.buildings D.students18.A.ready B.smart C.wise D.unwilling19.A.forget B.remember C.imagineD.think20.A.teachers B.schoolyard C.classmates D.friendship二，閱讀理解。You'rebusyfillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed;let'sassumeyouonceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegeworkoreventhatyoucompletedyourdegree.Isn'tittemptingtoliejustalittle,toclaimontheformthatyourdiplomarepresentsaHarvarddegree?OrthatyoufinishedanextracoupleofyearsbackatStateUniversity?Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoutterdeceptionlikethistolandtheirjobortomoveaheadintheircareers,forpersonnelofficers,likemostAmericans,valuedegreesfromfamousschools.Ajobapplicantmayhaveagoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesofbeinghiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawell-knownuniversity.Registrarsatmostwell-knowncollegessaytheydealwithdeceitfulclaimsliketheseattherateofaboutoneperweek.Personnelofficersdocheckupondegreeslistedonapplicationforms,then.Ifitturnsoutthatanapplicantslying,mostcollegesarereluctanttoaccusetheapplicantdirectly.OneIvyLeagueschoolcallsthemimpostors（騙子）;anotherreferstothemasspecialcases.Onewell-knownWestCoastschool,inperhapsthemostdelicatephraseofall,saysthattheseclaimsaremadebynosuchpeople.Toavoidoutright（徹底的）lies,somejob-seekersclaimthattheyattendedorwereassociatedwithacollegeoruniversity.Aftercarefullychecking,apersonnelofficermaydiscoverthatattendingmeansbeingdismissedafteronesemester.Itmaybethatbeingassociatedwithacollegemeansthatthejob-seekervisitedhisyoungerbrotherforafootballweekend.Oneschoolthatkeepsrecordsoffalseclaimssaysthatthepracticedatesbackatleasttotheturnofthecentury-that'swhentheybegankeepingrecords,anyhow.Ifyoudon'twanttolieorevenstretchthetruth,therearecompaniesthatwillsellyouaphony（假的）diploma.Onecompany,withofficesinNewYorkandontheWestCoast,willputyournameonadiplomafromanynumberofnon-existentcolleges.ThepricebeginsataroundtwentydollarsforadiplomafromSmootStateUniversity.ThepricesincreaserapidlyforadegreefromtheUniversityofPurdue.AsthereisnoSmootStateandtherealschoolinIndianaproperlycalledPurdueUniversity,thepricesseemratherhighforonesheetofpaper.1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat.A.employersarecheckingmorecloselyonapplicantsnowB.lyingabo