With的復合結構Whatwillwelearnthisclass?1.什么是with的復合結構2.With復合結構的構成3.With復合結構的句法作用一、什么是獨立主格結構？一．獨立主格結構是一個名詞或代詞加上一個形容詞，副詞，介詞短語，分詞，不定式等在句中做狀語。它有三個特點：1.獨立主格結構不是句子，在句中做狀語。2.獨立主格結構的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，不指同一人或同一物，它獨立存在。3.獨立主格結構一般用逗號與主句分開，與主句之間不用任何連接詞。一般置于句首，也可以置于句中或句末。二．獨立主格結構的常見形式1.名詞（代詞）+形容詞Hesatinthefirstrow,hiseyesclosed.Iheardthatshegotinjuredintheaccident,myheartfullofworry.Hestoodsilentlyinthemoon-light,hisdooropen.2.名詞（代詞）+副詞Hestoodbeforehisteacher,headdown.Nobodyin,thethieftookalotofthingsaway.Themeetingover,theheadmasterleftthemeetingroom.3.名詞（代詞）+介詞短語Agirlcamein,bookinhand.Thesoldiersdashedin,rifleinhand.4.名詞（代詞）+現在分詞Themoonappearing,theydecidedtogoonwiththeirjourney.Weatherpermitting,wewillgohiking.Wintercoming,itgetscolderandcolder.5.名詞（代詞）+過去分詞Thejobfinished,wewenthome.Myworkdone,Ileftschool.Moretimegiven,wecouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.6.名詞（代詞）+動詞不定式Nobodytocometomorrow,wewillhavetoputoffthemeeting.Somanypeopletohelphim,heissuretosucceed.7.Itbeing+名詞（代詞）ItbeingSunday,thestudentsareathome.ItbeingChristmas,thegovernmentofficeswereclosed.8.Therebeing+名詞（代詞）Therebeingnothingtodo,wewenthome.Therebeingnofurtherbusiness,Idecidetoleave.三．跟蹤檢測1.There_______nobus,wehadtowalkhome.2.Theworkersworkedharder,theirlivingconditionsgreatly_________(improve).3.Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,hiseyes________(fix)ontheblackboard.4.Lotsofwork_______(do),Ihavetoworkextrahours.5.Time________(permit),wewillansweryourquestions.6.Muchtime_________(spend)sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.一、什么是with復合結構？即“with+賓語+賓語補足語”構成的一種復合結構，賓語可以由代詞或名詞充當；賓語補足語可以由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現在分詞、過去分詞、動詞不定式充當。二、with復合結構的構成With+賓語+形容詞副詞介詞短語現在分詞過去分詞動詞不定式狀態表主動、進行表被動、完成表將要發生表方位注:with復合結構不是句子，而是在句中作定語或狀語，因此也不會有動詞的謂語形式。1.with+賓語+形容詞eg.Withthesonsodisappointing,

theoldmanfeltunhappy.由于兒子如此令人失望，老人感到很不高興。Heusedtosleepwithallthewindowsopen.他過去常常開著窗子睡覺。Shelayinbedwithherfacepale.她躺在床上，臉色蒼白。改錯：Withherparentsaredead,

thegirlhadtoleftschool.

父母去世了，那個女孩只好輟學。are2.with+賓語+副詞Theboywaswalking,withhisfatherahead.

父親在前，男孩在后走著。Thegirlfellasleepwiththelighton.那位女孩睡著了，燈還亮著。Hermothersatinanarmchairwithherheaddown.她母親坐在椅子上，頭低著。3.with+賓語+介詞短語Theteachercamein,withabookinherhand.

老師手里拿著一本書走了進來。Hesatnearthefirewithhisbacktothedoor.他坐在爐子旁，背朝著房門。4.with+賓語+現在分詞（主謂關系）Thegirlhidherboxwithnobodyknowingwhereitwas.女孩把盒子藏了起來，沒有人知道它在哪里。Withthemachinehelpingus,wecouldfinishtheworkontime.由于有機器的幫助，我們能按時完成任務。Shelivesintheroomwiththelightburning.她住在亮著燈的那個房間里。改錯：Withtheteacherstandsbeside,

shefeltabituneasy.

老師站在旁邊，她覺得有點不自在。standing5.with+賓語+過去分詞(動賓關系)Withtheworkdone,hefeltgreatlyrelieved.工作完成了,他大大的松了一口氣。Witheverythingdone,shewenthome.做完一切事情以后，她回家了。Helayonhisback,withhisteethsetandhiseyesclosed.他仰臥著，咬著牙、閉著眼。改錯：Withherhomeworkdo,thelittlegirlwentouttoplayhappily.done6.with+賓語+不定式（將要發生）Withhertogowithus,we'resuretohaveagoodtime.有她和我們一起去，我們一定會玩得很開心。Ican’tgooutwiththeseclothestowash.因為這些衣服要洗，我不能出去。Ihadtogotobedwithnothingtodo.我沒有事可做，只好睡覺。改錯：WithMr.SmithteachingthemEnglishnextterm,

theywillbegreatlyimprovedinspokenEnglish.toteach三、with復合結構的句法作用1.表伴隨，充當伴隨狀語Hestoodatthedoor,withacomputerinhishand.

他站在門口，手里拿著一臺電腦。Shelefttheofficewithtearsinhereyes.她眼里含著淚，離開了辦公室。Hewascoveredwithanationalflagwithhisfaceexposed.一面國旗蓋在他身上，臉露在外面。2.充當原因狀語

Withthedoorandwindowsopenwide,theroomwasverycold.因為門窗大開，所以屋內很冷。Withhiskeylost,hecouldn”tgetintotheoffice.由于鑰匙丟了，他進不了辦公室。Withtheplanchanged,wedecidedtoputoffthesportsmeet.由于計劃有變化，我們決定推遲舉行運動會。3.充當結果狀語Shewalkedoutintherain,withherclothesallwet.她冒雨出去，結果衣服濕透了。Thebattleendedwiththeenemydefeated.戰斗結束了，敵人被打敗了。Theyhavefinishedthepeacetalkswiththeagreementsreached.他們結束了和談，達成了協議。ThechildrenbegantowatchTVwiththehomeworkdone.孩子們完成作業以后開始看電視。Themeetingwasoverwiththeproblemsettled.問題解決以后，會議結束了。4.表時間，充當時間狀語5.表示條件，充當條件狀語I’dliketoseethenewfilmwithtimepermitting.如果時間許可，我想看那部新電影。Wewillhaveanoutingtomorrowwithweatherfine.如果明天天氣好的話，我們要去郊游。6.充當定語

Theroomwithlightsonisourclassroom.開著燈的那個教室是我們的。

Shesawabrookwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides..她看到一條兩岸長著紅花、綠草的小溪。ThewomanwithababyinherarmsisTom”saunt.抱著小孩的那位婦女是湯姆的姑姑。Thecityliesinavalleywithhighmountainsaroundit..這位城市位于一個由高山環抱的山谷中。ClassReviewwith復合結構的構成

With+賓語+形容詞副詞介詞短語doing主動、進行done被動、完成todo將要發生ClassReviewwith復合結構的句法作用

1.充當伴隨或方式狀語2.充當原因狀語3.充當結果狀語4.充當定語

1.Withnothing____(leave)toburn,thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.2.Thegirlsattheresilentlyandstillwithhereyes_____(fix)onthewall.3.Iliveinthehousewithitsdoor______(face)tothesouth.4.Theypretendedtobeworkinghard,allnightwiththeirlights________(burn).5.Withprices______(go)upsofast,wecan'taffordluxuries.leftburningfacingfixedgoing6.Withthecrowds______(cheer),theydrovetothepalace.7.Shehadtowalkhomewithherbike_____(steal).8.Thesoldierhadhimstandwithhisback_____hisfather.9.Withnoone______(talk)to,Johnfeltmiserable.10._________productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.totalktostolencheeringWith11.________twoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.12.Whenmotherwentintothehouse,shefoundherbabywassleepinginbed,________hislipsmoving.

13.________moreandmoreforestsdamaged,someanimalsandplantsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.14.Manylargecities,suchasLiverpoolandNewYork,havehade