語法填空GrammaticalFilling語法填空能全面考查學生在英語詞匯、語法,以及句法方面的運用能力,能更科學地反映出學生的英語綜合水平。語法填空的語言材料的體裁通常是記敘文或說明文。

本題型的設題是在一篇200詞左右的短文中留出10處空白,6~7處空白的后面給出提示詞(所填內容不得超過3個單詞),3~4處空白不給任何提示詞(僅填1個單詞),要求考生根據上下文填寫空白處所需的內容。Introduction共10空6-7空（有提示詞）（不多于三個單詞）3-4空（無提示詞）（只能填一個單詞）動詞名詞：單復數

所有格

詞類轉換代詞：人稱代詞變物主代詞或反身代詞形容詞/副詞：比較級、最高級

詞類轉換連詞（并列句）：and,but,or,when…引導詞（名詞性從句，定語從句）：who,that,what…代詞：it,they,him,our,themselves…介詞：in,on,to,for…冠詞：

a/an,the(泛指/特指)謂語動詞：時態，語態——主謂一致非謂語動詞：V-ing，V-ed，todo考點一、提示詞為動詞謂語謂語說明主語的動作，狀態或特征，行為1)簡單謂語：由動詞構成HelikeswatchingTV.Westudyforthepeople.2)復合謂語：情態動詞+動詞原形IcanspeakalittleEnglish.一、提示詞為動詞1、考查謂語動詞句中沒有謂語，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但中間有并列或轉折連詞時，需填的詞是謂語動詞,要考慮時態和語態.

wasset例：Theearlierrecordof28hours________(set)in2014.Allyoungmentookuparmsand_________(fight)againsttheinvaders.

fought21點擊添加文本點擊添加文本點擊添加文本點擊添加文本2、考查非謂語動詞判斷非謂語動詞的形式：→表目的和將來，用__________________→表主動和進行，用__________________→表被動和完成，用__________________確定謂語動詞or非謂語動詞？→填非謂語：句子中已有________且無_____。邏輯主語謂語動詞連詞不定式todo現在分詞doing過去分詞doneIshoulddomoreexercises___________(improve)myEnglish.Englishtoimprove(1)_________(kiss)byChenHe,LiChenwasverysad._________(kiss)LiChen,ChenHewasveryexcited.

如何判斷主動or被動？→提示：找到非謂語動詞的邏輯主語，并判斷其和非謂語動詞的主被動關系。KissedKissing

(2)___________(see)fromthemountain,thesealooksbeautiful.___________(see)fromthemountain,youwillfindtheseabeautiful.SeenSeeing3、考查詞類轉換

有時所給提示詞雖然是動詞,但是空白處既不是考查謂語動詞也不是考查非謂語動詞,而是考查詞類轉換。例：Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher__________(educate).Jackbecamevery_______(worry)andhewalkedaroundtheroomseveraltimes.educationworriedExercise11、Thebook____________(write)bySanMaoin1976.2、Ilikereadingthenovels_______(write)bySanMao.3、Heoftenworkshard_________(earn)moremoney.4、He_______(go)intotheclassroomandwroteontheblackboard.waswrittenwrittentoearnwent5、________(hear)thenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.6、Shegotoffthebus,but______(leave)herbookinthebus.7、Shegotoffthebus,________(hold)herbook.8、________(catch)theearlybus,shegotupat6:00.HearingleftholdingTocatch二、提示詞為名詞或代詞二、提示詞為名詞或代詞1、考查名詞（單復數，所有格，詞類轉換）

空白處所給提示詞是名詞時,一般考查單復數的變化,偶爾考查所有格或名詞的派生形式。1、Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew______(day)withhissister.2、Haveyoueverread________(today)newspaper?daystoday’susefulreasonable二、提示詞為名詞或代詞2、考查代詞的數與格所給詞是代詞時,一般考查人稱代詞變為物主代詞。有時也會將其變為反身代詞。1、Wearingthewrongtypeofglasseswilldoharmto________(you)eyes.2、Ijustwantedtogiveup.Ireallycouldn’tcontrol________(I).

yourmyself1.人稱代詞(personalpro.)

2.物主代詞(possessivepro.)

表示所有關系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。

三、提示詞為形容詞或副詞三、提示詞為形容詞或副詞1、考查形容詞或副詞的比較等級

所給提示詞是形容詞或副詞時,可考慮是否變為比較級或最高級。1、The_______(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.Hecontrolsyou!2、Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris_______(clean)thanever.

hardercleaner2、考查詞類轉換

所給提示詞是形容詞時,還需要考慮形容詞轉化為副詞或名詞。1、Theexamwas____________(particular)importantbecauseheknewhisfuturecareermightbeatstake.2、Facialexpressionandbodylanguagecan__________(great)affectaconversation.particularlygreatly詞類轉換

看到直接加ly的詞

actual-—actuallyespecial——especiallysure——surelystrict——strictlyquick——quicklyusual——usuallymain——mainlytotal——totallycertain-—certainlyserious——seriouslyparticular——particularlyimmediate——immediatelyeventual——eventuallyextreme——extremelyexact——exactlygradual——gradually詞類轉換

把e變為y

gentle——gentlysimple——simplyExercise2extremelyusuallythemearlierhimselfscientists考點11.Tom

______(have)astronginterestinpaintingwhenhewasachild,andhe

____________(praise)byhismusicteacherforhisGod-giventalent.2.Doingexercises

(benefit)usalot.3.Ithadsnowedforthreedays,____________(make)ithardtogoout.4.(criticize)byhisboss,hewassodepressed.5.Thebooks

(write)byMoyanaresointeresting.6.Thisisoneofthebest________(book)thatIhaveeverread.7.Theriverwassopollutedthatitwas________(actual)hardtocleanit.8.________(strange),itsnowsinJunethisyearhere!9.Afteryears’ofhardwork,nowthewaterintheriveris________(clean)thanever.10.Hewas

(fortunate)tomissthetrain.hadwas

praisedbenefitsmakingCriticizedwritten有提示詞practice--動詞booksactuallyStrangelycleanerunfortunate考點2---詞形轉換（名詞、形容詞、副詞、反義詞）(謂語、非謂語、主謂一致）四、無提示詞1、介詞注意常用的介詞,以及各類帶介詞的詞組。1、Inafewweekshisrestaurantisalwaysfull________

menwiththeirladyfriends.

4、Mostofusaremorefocused______ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.2、MostAmericansenjoymovingfromplace____

place.

3、“Iamagamer.”Isaid_____

alowvoice.oftoinon2、冠詞

如果空格后有名詞而且兩者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含義,或者有序數詞、最高級、表示特指意義的比較級等形式,那么空格處一般是填冠詞。2、Tomissuch____

cleverstudentthateveryteacherinthedepartmentlikeshim.3、As_____result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.1、Inthatcase,wewilllearnlittleabout______world.4、QinghaiLakeis______largestinlandsaltwaterlakeinChina.theaathe3、代詞

當句中缺少主語或賓語時,一般要填代詞,主要包括人稱代詞、不定代詞以及it。1、Ifind_______veryimportanttostudyasecondlanguage.

2、______isnecessarytotakeofftheshoeswhenweentertheroom.itIt4、并列連詞

并列成分之間存在并列、轉折、選擇、因果關系等。常用的連詞有and,or,but,so,for,while,等,常用的關聯短語有both...and...,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...,等。Thefoodherewasofgoodquality,________nobodyseemedtowanttoeatthere.

butNeitherwe_____ourteacherknowstheanswertothisquestion.BothPeter_____TomarefromSouthAfrica.norand5、從句引導詞

從句引導詞用來引導狀語從句、名詞性從句和定語從句。判斷空格處填哪一類引導詞,首先要看它所引導的是哪一種從句,然后根據引導詞的種類和功能來確定填哪一個引導詞。1、Thisisthereason________wemustvaluetime.2、Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_____helpsthemkeepfit.

whywhichwhether/if

1.

Wehad_______amazingconversation.2.

Ayoungmancameacrossaspringofclearwater,and_______waterwassweet.3.Hewasalwayskind

to

othersandwillingtohelp

,

whichmovedthemdeeply.4.Igotaplacenext_______thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.5.Officeworkerstriedtoputoutthefire,____itwasimpossibletocontrolit.6.Heisaman

neverleavestoday’sworktilltomorrow.

無提示詞anthepractice冠詞/代詞/介詞/連詞themtobutwho/that考點---共10空6-7空（有提示詞）（不多于三個單詞）3-4空（無提示詞）（只能填一個單詞）動詞名詞：單復數

所有格

詞類轉換代詞：人稱代詞變物主代詞或反身代詞形容詞/副詞：比較級、最高級

詞類轉換連詞（并列句）：and,but,or,when…引導詞（名詞性從句，定語從句）：who,that,what…代詞：it,they,him,our,themselves…介詞：in,on,to,for…冠詞：

a/an,the(泛指/特指)謂語動詞：時態，語態——主謂一致非謂語動詞：V-ing，V-ed，todo考點bytheaddressedlargestresponsibilitysharedandTostrengtheninvitingits總結提升冠詞定冠詞,不定冠詞,/物主代詞的用法并列句及復合句非謂語非謂語動詞doing,done,todo及變形謂語動詞的時態及語態,及主謂一致連詞介詞介詞的常用用法及詞組搭配詞性變化詞匯,構詞法（名詞、形容詞、副詞、反義詞）謂語動詞代詞單復數，形容詞性還是名詞性，是否必要用反身代詞Practice

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears_____(long)thannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong_______

(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof______

(die)earlybyrunning.

Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit_______

(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife_______

walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014__________

showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall_______

(cause).

longertoseedyingisthanwhichcausesThebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...It’sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto_________

(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit’salways_______

(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive________

atry.strengthenenergeticit

Thisstorytookplaceaboutsevenyearsago.Butimagesofthatweekarestillclearinmymind.Duringthatweek,wehadtofaceuptoa1.

(power)hurricane.ThefactthatIwasstilllittleseemedtoincrease2.

(it)force.AndIc