AIDSpreventionEnglishBasicknowledgeofAIDSWaystopreventAIDSSocialAttentionandSupporttoAIDSInternationalcooperationinAIDSpreventionandcontrolFutureprospectsandchallengesBasicknowledgeofAIDS01AIDSisaseriousimmunodeficiencydiseasecausedbythehumanimmunodeficiencyvirus(HIV)ItischaracterizedbytheconstructionofCD4+Tlymphocytes,leadingtoadecreaseinthebody'simmunefunctionandanincreaseintheriskofvariousopportunisticinfectionsandtuitionHIVistransmittedthroughsexualcontact,bloodtransmission,andmothertochildtransmissionItcanbedetectedintheblood,sex,vaginalsecrets,andbreastmilkofaffectedindividualsAIDSisaglobalpublichealthproblem,affectingpeoplefromallwalksofliferegulationsofage,gender,race,orsocialstatusDefinitionandcharacteristicsofAIDSSexualcontactHIVcanbetransmittedthroughsexualcontactwithanaffectedpartner,includingvaginalandanalintercourseBloodtransmissionHIVcanbetransmittedthroughsharedneedsorsymmetriesusedfordruginjectionorothersharpobjectscontainedwithaffectedbloodMothertochildtransmissionHIVcanbetransmittedfromaninfectedmothertoherchildduringpregnancy,delivery,orbreakfeedingThemodeoftransmissionofAIDSAIDScanalsoaffectthecentralnervoussystem,leadingtosymptomssuchasfusion,differentiation,seizes,andstrokeTheseneurologicalcomplexesaremorecommoninadvancedstagesofthediseaseCommonsymptomsincludefever,fatigue,weightloss,andpersistentdiarrheaOthersyndromesmayincludeswanglands,skinrashes,andoralulcersAIDScanleadtoavarietyofopportunisticinfectionsandtumors,suchastuberculosis,cryptococcosis,pneumoniapneumonia(PCP),Kaposisarcoma(KS),andnonHodgkinlymphomaTheseopportunisticinfectionsandtutorsaremoresevereinimmunocompromisedindividualsSymptomsandeffectsofAIDSWaystopreventAIDS02AvoidinghighriskbehaviorsUsingconesorotherbarriersduringsexualrelationshipscanhelppreventthespreadofHIVAvoidingunprotectedsexThebestwaytopreventcontractingHIVistoavoidsexualrelationshipsentirelyThisincludesbothheterosexualandhomologousrelationshipsAbstainingfromsexualrelationshipsHavingmultiplesexualpartnersincreasestheriskofcontractingHIVLimitingthenumberofindividualpartnerscanhelpreducethisriskLimitingthenumberofsexualpartnersUsingconditionsconsistentlyandcorrectlyConditionsareeffectiveinpreventingthespreadofHIVifusedcorrectlyandconsistentlyKnowingwhentouseCondomsCondomsshouldbeusedduringallsexualactivities,whichareeithervaginaloranalChoosingthecorrectsizeandtypeofconomUsingthecorrectsizeandtypeofconomcanhelpensureitfitsproperlyanddoesn'tteachduringuseProperuseofpyramids03SeekingtreatmentearlySeekingtreatmentearlycanhelpmanagethediseaseandreducetheriskoftransmissiontoothers01GettingtestedregularlyforHIVRegulartestingcanhelpidentifyHIVinfectionearly,allowingforearlytreatmentandmanagement02KnowingyourstatusKnowingyourHIVstatusisimportantforyourownhealthandforthehealthofyoursexualpartnersAcceptregulartestingKnowledgeofHIV/AIDS:HavingabasicunderstandingofHIV/AIDSandhowitistransmittedcanhelpreducetheriskofcontractingthevirusEarlytreatmentandsupport:SeekingearlytreatmentforHIVandaccessingsupportservicescanhelpmanagethediseaseandreducetheriskoftransmissiontoothersAvoidingsharingneedsorotherdrugusingequipment:SharingneedsorotherdrugusingequipmentcanleadtothespreadofHIVAvoidingthispracticecanhelpreducetheriskEnhanceself-protectionawarenessSocialAttentionandSupporttoAIDS03AIDSisaseriouspublichealthproblem,butitisalsoasocialproblemDiscriminationandprejudgmentagainstpeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDShavebeenwidespreadd,causinggreatharmtotheirphysicalandmentalhealthTherefore,identifyingdiscriminationandpredictionisthefirststepinpreventingAIDSWeshouldrespecttherightsanddiversityofpeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDS,andprovidethemwithequalaccesstoeducation,employment,medicalcare,andothersocialservicesWeshouldalsoallocatethemediatoreportonAIDSissuesinaresponsibleandobjectiveManner,andavoidpublishingdiscriminationorstigmatizinginformationEliminatingdiscriminationandprejudgmentAIDSisachronicandincurabledisease,butitcanbecontrolledthroughtreatmentandcareWeshouldprovidepeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDSwithnecessarymedicalcareandsupport,includingantiviraltreatment,psychologicalcounseling,socialassistance,andotherformsofcareWeshouldalsoallocatecommunitybasedorganizationstoplayagreaterroleinprovidingcareandsupporttopeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDSTheseorganizationscanprovidemorepersonalizedandtargetedservicestomeetthespecificneedsofdifferentgroupsofpeopleProvidecareandsupportAIDSismainlytransmittedthroughsexualcontact,injectiondruguseandmothertochildtransmissionWeshouldpromotesafesexualpractices,includingusingconventions,reducingthenumberofsexualpartnersandavoidingdruguseWeshouldalsoallocatepeopletomaintainahealthylifestyle,includingabalanceddie,sufficientexerciseandsufficientsleepThesehealthylifestylehabitscanhelpreducetheriskofcontractingHIV/AIDSandimprovethequalityoflifeofpeoplelivingwiththevirusAdvocateforahealthylifestyleInternationalcooperationinAIDSpreventionandcontrol04WHO(WorldHealthOrganization)TheWHOleadsglobaleffortstopreventandcontrolHIV/AIDS,providingtechnicalsupporttocountriesandworkingwithpartnerstostrengthenhealthsystems要點一要點二JointUnitedNationsProgrammeonHIV/AIDSAIDScoordinatestheglobalHIVresponse,advocatingfortherightsofpeoplelivingwithHIV,andworkstoensurethattherightsofvulnerablegroupsaresupportedInternationalorganizationsandcooperationprojectsExpertmeetingsandworkshopsRegulargatheringsofinternationalAIDSexpertstosharebestpractices,newresearch,andinnovativeapproachestoHIVpreventionandtreatmentGlobalhealthpartnersNetworksoforganizationsandindividualsworkingtogethertoshareknowledge,resources,andexpertisetoimproveAIDSpreventionandcontroleffectsworldwideInternationalexchangeandexperiencesharingTechnicalassistance:InternationalorganizationsprovidetechnicalsupporttodevelopingcountriesinareassuchasHIVtesting,treatment,care,andpreventionprogramsFinancialassistance:DonorcountiesandinternationalorganizationsprovidefinancialresourcestosupportAIDSpreventionandcontrolactivitiesinlowincidencecounties,includingfundingfortreatment,care,andsupportservicesByfocusingoninternationalcooperation,sharingknowledgeandresources,andprovidingaidandsupport,internationaleffortshavebeencriticalintheglobalfightagainstHIV/AIDSInternationalaidandsupportFutureprospectsandchallenges05NewdrugresearchanddevelopmentWiththeprogressofscienceandtechnology,newantiretroviraldrugsareconstantlybeingdeveloped.Thesenewdrugshavesignificantlyimprovedinefficacy,sideeffectsanddrugresistance,providingmoreoptionsforAIDSpreventionandtreatment.CombinedtherapyAtpresent,scientistsarestudyingcombinedtherapy,thatis,usingmultipledrugstotreatAIDSatthesametime,inordertoimprovethetreatmenteffectandreducetheemergenceofdrugresistance.ResearchprogressandnewdrugdevelopmentEnhancingpublicawarenessandparticipationThroughextensivepublicityandeducationactivities,thepublic'sawarenessofAIDSandpreventionawarenesswillbeimproved,sothatmorepeoplewillunderstandthetransmissionroutesandpreventionmethodsofAIDS.EducationandpublicityencouragecommunityorganizationsandmemberstoactivelyparticipateinAIDSpreventionandcontrol,andhelpcommunitymemberstoestablish