2024年中考英語課件廣東專版第一部分語法突破第二節冠詞冠詞是虛詞,放在名詞之前,用來說明名詞所指的人或事物。冠詞有兩種：不定冠詞a/an和定冠詞the。不定冠詞表泛指,定冠詞表特指,是冠詞的核心用法。冠詞的基本用法一直是中考考查的重點,試題的語境設計更趨于真實,有一定的創新性和時代感。冠詞在具體語境中的活用以及習語和固定搭配中冠詞的使用也是中考的關注點。不定冠詞a/an6年5考,定冠詞6年3考,零冠詞6年2考。一、

不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞可用于單數可數名詞前,表泛指。a用在輔音音素之前,an用在元音音素之前

(注意：是指讀音,不是指字母)。例如：ausefulbook,aEuropeancountry,auniversity,ausualday,anhour,anhonestman,an“s”(26個字母中,前面用an的有：a、e、f、h、i、l、m、n、o、r、s、x,其他用a)。序號用法例子1指一類人或事(物)(1)飛機是能飛的機器。

isamachinethatcanfly.(2)馬是有用的動物。

isausefulanimal.2第一次提及某人某物,非特指(1)一個男孩在等你。

iswaitingforyou.(2)桌上有一本書。Thereis

onthedesk.3表示“每一”,相當于every,one我們每天學習8小時。Westudy

.AplaneAhorseAboyabookeighthoursaday序號用法例子4用于固定詞組中(帶有a)(1)少數；幾個________

(2)少量；一點點__________(3)一點點___________

(4)許多___________(5)結果___________

(6)坐公共汽車___________

(7)從前；很久以前_____________________(8)去散步_____________________

(9)感冒__________________

(10)匆忙____________(11)玩得高興_________________(12)一會兒___________

(13)總之_____________(14)試一試______________afewalittleabitalotofasaresulttakeabusonceuponatimegoforawalkhave/catchacold

inahurryhaveagoodtimeforawhileinawordhaveatry二、定冠詞的用法序號用法例子1表示特指的人或物你認識那邊的那個男孩嗎？Doyouknow

？2表示世上獨一無二的事物(1)宇宙

______________________

(2)地球______________________

(3)月亮______________________theboyovertheretheuniversetheearththemoon序號用法例子3表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的人或事(1)你介意把門打開嗎？Wouldyoumind_______

？(2)我有一本小說。這本小說是馬克·吐溫寫的。Ihaveanovel.

waswrittenbyMarkTwain.4普遍用于演奏西洋樂器名稱前面(1)拉小提琴__________________(2)彈吉他__________________

(3)擊鼓__________________

(4)彈鋼琴__________________openingthedoorThenovelplaytheviolinplaytheguitarplaythedrumsplaythepiano序號用法例子5用于形容詞前表示一類人(1)窮人__________________

(2)富人__________________

(3)老人__________________

(4)年輕人__________________(5)傷員_______________________________thepoortherich

theoldtheyoungthewounded/injured序號用法例子6用于姓氏的復數形式前,表示一家人或夫婦倆(1)格林夫婦__________________

(2)姓王的一家__________________

7用于序數詞和形容詞、副詞最高級前(1)他是第一個來這里的人。Heis

__________________

tocomehere.(2)這是我看過的最好的電影。Thisis__________________Ihaveeverseen.theGreenstheWangs

thefirstpersonthebestfilm/movie序號用法例子8用于表示江、河、湖、海、山脈、群島等名詞前(1)太平洋__________________

(2)黃河__________________

9表示年代在20世紀90年代__________________

10用于方位名詞前太陽從東方升起。Thesunrises________

.thePacificOceantheYellowRiverinthe1990sintheeast序號用法例子11用于某些由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前(1)長城__________________(2)美利堅合眾國__________________

12用在固定搭配中onthewhole大體上bytheway順便問一下totellthetruth說實話theGreatWalltheUnitedStatesofAmerica三、不用冠詞的情況序號情況例子1當復數名詞表示一類人或事物時(1)馬是有用的動物。____________areusefulanimals.(2)我很喜歡蘋果。Ilike______________verymuch.2當不可數名詞表示一般概念或類別時鋼鐵是很堅固的金屬。____________

isverystrongmetal.HorsesapplesSteel序號情況例子3用于表示國名、人名、街名、路名等專有名詞前注意：我國特有的含“festival”的節日前要加“the”(1)杰克____________(2)中山公園_____________________(3)中國____________(4)海南島_________________

theSpringFestival春節theMid-AutumnFestival中秋節theLanternFestival元宵節theDragonBoatFestival龍舟節JackZhongshanParkChinaHainanIsland序號情況例子4用于季節、月份、星期、節假日、一日三餐前(1)在春天___________________

(2)在九月___________________

(3)在周日___________________

(4)吃早餐___________________(5)在國慶節_________________5用于表示獨一無二的職位、頭銜的名詞前,作表語、同位語和賓語補足語Hewasmade_____________________(美國總統).inspringinSeptemberonSunday

havebreakfastonNationalDayPresidentofAmerica序號情況例子6學科、語言、球類、棋類名詞前(1)我很喜歡物理。Ilike___________verymuch.(2)他喜歡踢足球/下棋。Helikes_______

________________________

.7與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前他每天騎自行車上學。Hegoestoschool____________everyday.8序數詞前已有物主代詞、名詞所有格等修飾時Cindyhasbecomefamoussince_________(她第一次)appearanceintheshow.

physicsplayingfootball/chessbybikeherfirst四、易錯點突破1.可數名詞一般不單獨使用,在泛指某類事物的時候,要使用“a/an+單數名詞”或者使用名詞的復數形式。如：Ilikebooks.我喜歡書。Heworksinafactory.他在一家工廠里工作。2.不可數名詞前不能用a和an,表示泛指時不加冠詞。如：Milkishealthyfood.牛奶是健康食品。3.不定冠詞表示泛指,定冠詞表示特指。如：MissLiisagoodteacher.李老師是一個好老師。Heisthestudentwhohelpedmeyesterday.他是昨天幫助我的那名學生。4.不定冠詞與序數詞連用,構成a+序數詞(first除外),表示“又一、再一”。如：TheappleisdeliciousandIwouldlikeasecondone.蘋果很美味,我想再吃一個。語法選擇和短文填空考查冠詞a/an,the的用法主要是從固定搭配以及句子的意義出發,解題時首先根據固定搭配或者習慣表達,再根據語法規則和上下文判定,如句子結構與上下文意思確定。一、冠詞在語法選擇中的考查1.(2023·廣東中考·36題)Lastmonth,hewentto

newspacecamp.

A.a

B.an

C.the2.(2023·廣州中考·2題)But

lastonethatcameoutwasnotstrongatall.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D./AC滿分突破3.(2022·廣州中考·2題)InameditBob,Iput

beautifultoyhousewithwindowsinthetank(魚缸)sothatBobcouldswimthrough.

A.a

B.an C.the

D./4.(2022·廣東中考·38題)Sometimesshewassotiredthatshefeltlikecrying,shewouldfind

quietplaceandcryoutloud.

A.a

B.an C.theAA5.(2021·廣東中考·35題)Alongtheriver,thereis

eightkilometerlongwoodenwalkway.

A./

B.a

C.an

D.the6.(2021·廣州中考·11題)“What’sthat？”Thefarmercried,“

raindrop！Idobelievewe’llhaveashower(陣雨)soon.”

A.A

B.An C.The

D./CA7.(2020·廣州中考·4題)Davidthinkshardandhas

idea.

A.a

B.an C.the

D./8.(2020·廣東中考·38題)Thenextmorning,theytook

kitetotheparkandtestedit.

A.a

B.an C.the

D./BA二、冠詞在短文填空中的考查1.(2022·

深圳中考·39題)Thoughheputonthousandsofshowsworldwide,thiswashisfirsttimetoplay

pianoatthetopofasnowymountain.

2.(2021·深圳中考·43題)Thisiswhytranslatorsshouldhave________creativemind.

3.(2020·

深圳中考·46題)Herehemet

littleboyholdingabirdcageandsellingthebirdsinside.

theaa4.(2019·

廣東中考·78題)Onthegroundofthevillage,GrandpaHuanghaspainted

lotofwell-knownChinesesayings.

5.(2018·廣東中考·77題)…bothWillandHarryrebuiltthewallin

periodofsixmonths.

6.(2017·廣東中考·72題)Whenthefilmgroupmeet_______________

Smiths,theyfindthatMr.Smith,Mrs.Smithandtheirtwosonsaresocrazyabouttechnology…

7.(2016·廣東中考·73題)Theyloveoneanotherandlive___________

happylife.

aathea(

)1.The31stSummerUniversiade(大運會)is

bigeventforChengdu.

(2023·成都市)A.a

B.an

C.the(

)2.AsastudentinmodernChina,everybodyshouldworkhardtolive

meaningfullife.(2023·南通市)

A.a B.an

C.the

D.不填AA真題鏈接(

)3.Don’tworryabout

examtoday.It’sveryeasyforyou！(2023·海南省)

A.the

B.an

C./(

)4.Doyouknow

presidentwhoisgivingaspeech？(2023·甘南自治州)

A.a B.an

C.theAC(

)5.Aftertaking

classfromTiangongspacestationonOctober12th,2022,Ibecameinterestedinscience.(2023·東營市)

A.a B.an C.the D./(

)6.Mymotherismaking

applepieandIwanttotry

piece.(2023·天津市)

A.a；an B.a；/ C.an；a D.an；/CC(

)7.ThespiritofLeiFengalwaysencouragesustogive_______

handtoothers.

(2023·沈陽市)A.a

B.an

C.the

D./(

)8.—DoyouknowJourney

to

the

West？—Yes.It’s

interestingbook.Ilikeitverymuch.(2023·十堰市)

A.a

B.an

C.the

D./AB(

)9.—Hi,WangLi,whoisMissDeng？—MissDengis

niceteacherandsheisverypopularinourschool.

(2023·邵陽市)A.a B.an

C./A(

)10.—Isthisyourpen？—No,itisn’t.

redoneismine.(2023·菏澤市)

A.A B.An

C.TheC語法選擇(主要考查冠詞)(2022·東莞模擬改編)

OnFebruary3rd,Ivolunteeredat

1

nursinghometohelplookaftertheoldpeoplethere.Thisexperienceallowedmetohave

2

betterunderstandingoftheneedtocarefortheold.

模擬突破Inthemorning,Iwalkedinto

3

nursinghomewithasmileas

4

assunshine.ThenIjoinedtheothervolunteerswhiletheyweredoingtheirwork.Iwastoldtoclean

5

tablesandwindowsfirst.Wetriedtomakethenursinghometidyandcomfortabletolivein.

Aftercleaning,someofusgavetheoldpeoplehaircuts,chattedwiththem,orcookedfoodfortheminthekitchen.IwasbusyputtingupSpringFestivalcouplets(對聯).Seeingthemsmiling,Ifelt

6

senseofjoydeepinmyheart.

7

theendoftheday,everyonegottogetherandsangthebeautifulsong