【版本：新人教冊別：選擇性必修三】

UNIT5POEMSReviewUsefulStructures

定語從句

Afterthisperiod,studentswillbeableto:?1.grasptherestrictiverelativeclausesandnon-restrictiverelativeclauses;?2.tellthedifferencebetweenthatandwhichusedasrelativepronouns;?3.putsentencesinorderandcomposeapassageusingrelativepronounsandrelativeadverbs;?4.applytheattributiveclausestowriting.LearningAims

ⅠLeadinFindanddiscusstheuseofrelativeclausesinthesentences(P50-51).Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplecomposepoetry.(Para.1)Someofthefirstpoems(that)ayoungchildlearnsinEnglisharenurseryrhymes.(Para.2)Oneofthesimplestkindsofpoemisthe“listpoem”,whichcontainsalistofthings,people,ideas,ordescriptionsthatdevelopaparticulartheme.(Para.3)思考：第1句中的why能否換為其他關系詞？第2句和第3句中的關系代詞that可否換為which?指原因，作原因狀語先行詞既有人又有物，作主語指物，作賓語，可省略指物，作主語Listpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphraseswhich/thatgivebothapatternandarhythmtothepoem.(Para.3)Anothersimpleformofpoemthat/whichamateurscaneasilywriteisthecinquain,whichismadeupoffivelines.(Para.4)HaikuisaJapaneseformofpoetrythat/whichconsistsof17syllables.(Para.5)Thehaikupoem(E)ontherightisatranslationfromJapanese,whichshowsamomentinthelifeofadelicatebutterfly.(Para.5)指物，作主語指物，作賓語指物，作主語指物，作主語指物，作主語ⅡReviewusagesofrelativeclauses定義用作定語的從句類型描述主句所涉及的人或物的具體情況，是主句不可缺少的一部分；如省去，主句意義不完整或失去意義。對主句所描述的人或物提供附加情況，起補充說明作用；如省去，主句意義仍完整。關系詞關系代詞關系副詞限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句that,which,who,whom,whose,aswhen,where,why一、定語從句概述關系代詞指物和人在從句中作主語或賓語指物在從句中作主語或賓語指人在從句中作主語或賓語在從句中作賓語指人和物在從句中作定語指人和物在從句中作主語或賓語二、引導定語從句的關系代詞thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas關系副詞when時間狀語先行詞為________可用onwhich替代where地點狀語先行詞為________可用inwhich替代why原因狀語先行詞為________可用forwhich替代時間地點reason關系代詞和關系副詞引導的定語從句用法小結（續上表）

Thehouse______windowsfacenorthbelongstohim.Theman_______________youmetjustnowismybrother.Theman_________isworkingintheplaygroundismyold

friend.Takethebook___________islyingonthetable.Sheissuchagirl____isalwaysfindingfaultwithother

people.whosewhom/who/thatwho/thatwhich/thatas即學即練指物，作定語指人，作賓語指人，作主語指物，作主語指人，作主語

1、遇到以下情況只能用who，不能用that。（1）在非限制性定語從句中;（2）當先行詞是one，ones，anyone，those并且指人時，只能用who；（3）當先行詞是人稱代詞時，只能用who。He

whodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.Hewhowouldsearchforpearlsmustdivebelow.Step3

Tellthedifferencesbetweenwhoandthat,whichandthat,whichandas,andrelativepronounsandadverbs.2.在下列情況下，關系詞用that而不用which。(1)當先行詞是anything，everything，nothing（something除外），few，all，none，little等代詞時，或者是由any，every，all，some，no，little，few，much，each等修飾時；Sir,isthereanythingthat

Icandoforyou?(2)當先行詞被序數詞修飾時；Visitinghisbrotherwasthelastthingthathewouldconsider.(3)當先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時；Thisisthebestfilm

that

Ihaveseeninyears.

(4)當先行詞被thevery/only/same/last修飾時；Thisistheverything

that

sheneeds.(5)當先行詞前有which或who作為疑問代詞為了避免重復時；Whoistheboy

that

isbeingquestionedbythepoliceman?(6)當先行詞既有人，又有物時。Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpeople

that

theyrememberedatschool.3.只用which而不用that引導的定語從句(1)非限制性定語從句只用which而不能用that。Someoftheroadscollapsed,whichmadeourtravelmoredifficult.非限制性定語從句Thenovel

that/which

IhavejustreadwaswrittenbyLiuCixin.限制性定語從句2)跟在介詞后，只用which，whom而不用that。Thisistheplaceinwhichmyfatherusedtowork.4．which與as的區別（1）在限制性定語從句中，當先行詞由such，thesame或so修飾時，關系代詞要用as（2）在非限制性定語從句中，which引導的從句一般在主句之后，而as引導的從句，可在主句之前或者主句之后。（3）在非限制性定語從句中，which通常意為“這；這一點”；as通常表示說話人的態度、看法、解釋等，意為“正如；就像”。(4)在限制性定語從句中，當先行詞由such，thesame或so修飾時，關系代詞要用asThisisthesamebookasIboughttheotherday.Helooksthesameashedidatschool._____isoftenthecase,Grandpatalkedabouthisgoodolddays.______canbeseen,oceanscovermorethan70%oftheearth.Hefailedintheexamagain,___________cameasasurprise.AsAswhich5.關系代詞和關系副詞的差別

定語從句中，如果缺少主語或賓語，則用關系代詞(that/which);如果不缺主語或賓語而缺狀語，則用關系副詞(when/where/why)。抽象的地點名詞case，situation，point，scene，activity，stage，spot等，在從句中作狀語時，用where引導;作主語或賓語時，用that/which。ⅢPracticeandApplyConnectthesentencesusingrelativepronouns,oradverbs.Thenputthesentencesinthecorrectordertocomposeapassage.TheCrescentMoonisperhapsthemostfamouscollectionofchildren’spoems.ItisknowntopeopleinChina.Practice

(P53Activity1)TheCrescentMoon,whichisknowntopeopleinChina,isperhapsthemostfamouscollectionofchildren’spoems.指物，作主語Therearealsomanypoemswrittenfromachild’sperspective.InthesepoemsthepoetTagoreshowsasympatheticunderstandingofchildren’sfeelings.Therearealsomanypoemswrittenfromachild’sperspectiveinwhichthepoetTagoreshowsasympatheticunderstandingofchildren’sfeelings.指物，作地點狀語=wherePractice

(P53Activity1)Connectthesentencesusingrelativepronouns,oradverbs.Thenputthesentencesinthecorrectordertocomposeapassage.TheEnglishversionofthebookcontainsnearly50poems.Thefocusofthepoemsisontheparent-childrelationship.TheEnglishversionofthebookcontainsnearly50poems,thefocusofwhichisontheparent-childrelationship.指物，作介詞賓語Practice

(P53Activity1)Connectthesentencesusingrelativepronouns,oradverbs.Thenputthesentencesinthecorrectordertocomposeapassage.Theinitialpoemswerewrittenfromtheperspectiveofamother.Themotherlovesherbabyatplayandatrest,inlaughterandintears.Theinitialpoemswerewrittenfromtheperspectiveofamotherwholovesherbabyatplayandatrest,inlaughterandintears.指人，作主語Practice

(P53Activity1)Connectthesentencesusingrelativepronouns,oradverbs.Thenputthesentencesinthecorrectordertocomposeapassage.Manypeoplelovetoreadthiscollectionofpoems.Thereasonisthattheycanfeelthewarmthofloveandenjoytheinnocenceofchildhood.Thereasonwhymanypeoplelovetoreadcollectionofpoemsisthattheycanfeelthewarmthofloveandenjoytheinnocenceofchildhood.指原因，作原因狀語Practice

(P53Activity1)Connectthesentencesusingrelativepronouns,oradverbs.Thenputthesentencesinthecorrectordertocomposeapassage.ItwaswrittenbytheIndianpoetTagore.TagorewasthefirstAsiantowintheNobelPrizeinLiterature.ItwaswrittenbytheIndianpoetTagorewhowasthefirstAsiantowintheNobelPrizeinLiterature.指人，作主語Practice

(P53Activity1)Connectthesentencesusingrelativepronouns,oradverbs.Thenputthesentencesinthecorrectordertocomposeapassage.

TheCrescentMoon,whichisknowntopeopleinChina,isperhapsthemostfamouscollectionofchildren’spoems.ItwaswrittenbytheIndianpoetTagore,whowasthefirstAsiantowintheNobelPrizeinLiterature.TheEnglishversionofthebookcontainsnearly50poemswhosefocusisontheparent-childrelationship.Theinitialpoemswerewrittenfromtheperspectiveofamotherwholovesherbabyatplayandatrest,inlaughterandintears.Therearealsomanypoemswrittenfromachild’sperspective,inwhichthepoetTagoreshowsasympatheticunderstandingofchildren’sfeelings.Thereasonwhymanypeoplelovetoreadthiscollectionofpoemsisthattheycanfeelthewarmthofloveandenjoytheinnocenceofchildhood.Thecorrectordertocomposeapassage________________________153462ComprehensiveExercises(P53Activity2)ReadthefollowingintroductionabouttheBrownings.Helptheauthoreditthepassagetomakeitmoreconcise,usingrelativeclausesifnecessary.IfyoustudythehistoryofEnglishliterature,youwillfindthenamesofRobertandElizabethBarrettBrowning.TheywereoneofthemostromanticliterarycouplesoftheVictorianera.

IfyoustudythehistoryofEnglishliterature,youwillfindthenamesofRobertandElizabethBarrettBrowning,____wereoneofthemostromanticliterarycouplesoftheVictorianera.

Checktheanswerswho指人，作主語Thecoupleexchangedmanyletters.Theselettersobviouslyhelpedsowtheseedsoflovebetweenthetwo.

Thecoupleexchangedmanyletters,_____obviouslyhelpedsowtheseedsoflovebetweenthetwo.

Checktheanswerswhich作主語，修飾前面整個句子However,theirsubsequent