Unit1FestivalsandCelebrationsPeriod3Discoveringusefulstructures

（動詞ing形式作定語、表語）The–ingformastheAttributiveandthePredicative

1.Tomastertheusagesof-ingformsservingastheAttributiveandthePredicative.2.Touse-ingformsfreelyincommunicationandwriting.Step1.Lead-in我們常說的現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞是怎么回事？現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞都是由動詞末尾加-ing形式構(gòu)成，因此統(tǒng)稱為動詞的-ing形式。4Activity2動詞-ing形式作定語和表語動詞-ing形式的構(gòu)成（以do為例）：肯定式否定式主動式doingnotdoing被動式beingdonenotbeingdone完成式havingdonenothavingdone1.Playingwithfireisdangerous.

主語2.PeppaandGeorgealwayslovejumpinginmuddypuddles.佩奇和喬治總喜歡在泥坑里跳來跳去。賓語3.Hishobbyisdressingupasagirl.他的愛好是打扮成女孩子的樣子。表語觀察下面句子并分析畫線部分在句中所作的成分

5.Lookingdownatherphoneasshewalked,shehitthedoor.

定語4.AnotherexampleisHalloween,whichslowlybecameanexcitingfestivalforchildren,inspiteofitsreligiousorigins.狀語6.TheheadteachersawLiMingplayingwithsmartphoneintheclassroom.賓語補足語定語狀語PartOne

The–ingformastheAttributive(動詞ing用作定語)定語：用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。漢語翻譯中中常用，“......的”表示。定語6.Mothermadeabirthday

cakeforme．4.Lucy's

fatherisapoor

worker．5.Webelongtothethird

world.3.My

brotherisateacher.2.Theyliveintheroomabove.1.It'sared

car．Thegirl

presentismysister.（形容詞）(副詞）（代詞）（數(shù)詞）（名詞所有格/形容詞）（名詞）注意過去分詞做定語的位置aninterestingfilmtherisingsun1.單個的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時，位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞_____boilingwater前面

asleepingdog一個睡覺的狗子fallingleaves落葉Translationadancinggirl一個跳舞的女孩一個游泳的小豬aswimmingpigDoyouknowtheboyplayingbasketball?=Doyouknowtheboy

playingbasketball?2.現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語：通常_____，其作用相當(dāng)于定語從句。whois后置Doyouknowthelovelycat

thepiano?=Doyouknowthelovelycat

thepiano?whoisplayingplaying2)Thelady_______________hereinwhiteisafamousstar.1)Thelady_________hereinwhiteisafamousstar.that/whostandsstanding1.Ihavesomethinginterestingtosay.2.Therewasnothingsurprisinghere.3.單個的過去分詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something,everything,anything,nothing,nobody等或指示代詞those時，要放在這些詞的_______后面Activity3Grammar4.作定語的及物動詞-ing形式為doing和beingdone。當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間為主動關(guān)系時，用doing；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間為被動關(guān)系且表示動作正在進(jìn)行時，用beingdone；作定語的不及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞只有doing。【例句】◆Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.正在電影院上映的那部電影很令人激動?！久麕燑c睛】現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，要注意現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動作發(fā)生的時間。一般說來，主要有下列兩種情況：(1)表示正在進(jìn)行的動作(變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句時要用進(jìn)行時態(tài))。①Didyouseethegirldancingwithyourbrother.→Didyouseethegirlwhoisdancingwithyourbrother.②Thecomradesworkinginthecountrysidewillbebacktomorrow.→Thecomradeswhoareworkinginthecountrysidewillbebacktomorrow.(2)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作或現(xiàn)在(當(dāng)時)的狀態(tài)(變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句時多用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)或一般過去時態(tài))。①Welivedinaroomfacingthesouth.→Welivedinaroomwhich/thatfacedthesouth.②Thefactorymakingthesepensisasmallone.→Thefactorywhich/thatmakesthesepensisasmallone.2．動名詞作定語動名詞作定語用于說明被修飾詞的用途、功能或目的，常放在被修飾詞之前。【例句】◆awalkingstick＝astickforwalking拐杖◆awashingmachine＝amachineforwashing洗衣機◆areadingroom＝aroomforreading閱覽室◆Shetrainedfivetimesaweekatherlocalswimmingpool.她一周在當(dāng)?shù)氐挠斡境赜?xùn)練五次?！炯磿r練習(xí)】單句語法填空1．Theboy_________(wear)asadlooksaid“Ican’tfindmyparents.”2．Theysetupan__________(operate)tableinasmalltempletosavetheinjuredsoldier.3．Thosestudents_______(hope)toenterthatuniversityshouldworkreallyhard.4．Todaytherearemoreairplanes________(carry)morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.5．People_______(live)inthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.wearingoperatinghopingcarryingliving1.Theman_______(sit)ontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.2.Whoisthatgirl________(walk)alongtheriver?3.Thechildren_________(practise)playingtheviolinovertherewillgiveaperformancenextweek.4.Themanwithsun-glasses_________(stand)nearacarisadetective.5.Theoldlady_________(talk)tothechildrenisafamousmusician.Exercisessittingwalkingpractisingstandingtalking6.Theysetupan_________(operate)table.7.Heshoutedandrappedwithhis__________(walk)stickonthedoor.8.Thefirefightersdashedintothe________(burn)woods.9.Theexperimentwasan________(amaze)success.5.Lastnight，thereweremillionsofpeople_________(watch)theopeningceremonyliveonTV.operatingwalkingburningamazingwatchingPartTwo

The–ingformasthePredicative(現(xiàn)在分詞用作表語)1.動名詞(短語)作表語,表示抽象的一般性的行為,用來說明主語的內(nèi)容,與主語通常是同一概念,表語和主語?？苫Q位置。Myfavouritesportisswimming.=Swimmingismyfavouritesport.我最喜歡的運動是游泳。動詞-ing形式作表語【例句】Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.(＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.)她的工作是盡量使報告廳保持干凈?！纠洹縃erdutyistakingcareofthebabies.(＝Takingcareofthebabiesisherduty.)照看嬰兒是她的職責(zé)。2.表示主語具有的特征、性質(zhì)和狀態(tài)(動詞ing相當(dāng)一個形容詞）

Theproblemisquitepuzzling.這個問題很令困惑。Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.正在電影院上演的電影很激動人心。Thenewsisquiteshocking.這消息很令人震驚。注意：作表語的動詞-ing形式,許多是由能夠表示人們某種感情或情緒的動詞變化而來的。常見的有:moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing等。這類詞有“令人……的”的含義,常修飾物?！久麕燑c睛】(1)作表語時，系動詞除be外還有appear，sound，look，become，come，get，go，grow，keep，remain，seem等。(2)動詞－ing形式作表語用時，相當(dāng)于形容詞，表示性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)；而進(jìn)行時態(tài)中的動詞－ing形式是謂語動詞的組成部分，表示具體的動作，兩者不可混淆?！纠洹縏hepresentsituationisencouraging.(表語)目前的形勢是令人鼓舞的。【例句】Thepresentsituationisencouragingustostrideforwardinproduction.(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時)目前的形勢正在鼓舞我們在生產(chǎn)上邁步前進(jìn)?！纠洹縏heproblemisquitepressing.(表語)問題很緊迫。【即時練習(xí)】1．Thepresentsituationis__________(terrify)．目前形勢令人驚恐。2．Thisquestion________________(discuss)atthemeeting.這個問題正在會上討論。3．Mysister’shobby_________(play)games．我妹妹的愛好是玩游戲。4．Heaskedan_____________(embarrass)question．他提了一個令人難堪的問題。5．Doyouknowthenumberofpeople________totheparty?你知道來參加晚會的人數(shù)嗎？terrifyingisbeingdiscussedisplayingembarrassingcoming3.過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作表語的區(qū)別：Weare____________(interest)inthefilm.Thefilmis____________(interest)

tous.Michellesounded__________(excite)tohearthenews.Thenewssounded____________(excite).過去分詞作表語一般形容人；現(xiàn)在分詞作表語一般形容物interestedinterestingexcitedexcitingThequestionisrather__________(puzzle).puzzlingThestudentisquite___________(puzzle).puzzledinspiredMr.Smithdeliveredaspeech,whichwasvery___________(inspire).Theaudiencewere___________(inspire)afterlistenningtothespeech.inspiring1.Theplantsthattheyfoundtherewere

(astonish)2.Iwas

(astonish)tolearnthathislonglostchild

hadbeenfound.3.Itis________(amaze)thattheboyplayedthetrumpetsowellattheopeningceremony.

4.

He

looked

(interest)

in

the

idea

I

put

forward.

5.Pleasestopmakingthenoise—it’sgetting_______(annoy).

Exercisesastonishingastonishedamazinginterestedannoying6.Yourtaskis____________(clean)thelivingroombeforetheSpringFestival.

7.Herjobis__________(check)letterofcreditandtermsofcontract.8.Bebrave.Youlooklikea

___

bird(frighten)9.Thefiercelionlooks

___

(frighten).Keepawayfromitscageoritwillattackyou.cleaningcheckingfrightenedfrighteningDiscusstheirfunctionsandmeanings.Theselanternsareamazing.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinChina,familiesgathertoadmiretheshiningmoonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.FamiliescelebratingtheLunarNewYearcanenjoyexcitingdragondancesandcarnivalstogether.作表語，常放在系動詞之后這些燈籠太棒了。作前置定語，修飾名詞moon在中國的中秋節(jié)，家人聚在一起賞月，吃美味的月餅。celebratingtheLunarNewYear短語作后置定語，修飾families;exciting作前置定語，修飾dragondances慶祝農(nóng)歷新年的家庭可以一起享受激動人心的舞龍和嘉年華。Findmoreexamplesfromtheunit.Today9:05amSunnyliDiscussion:Whichfestivalisthebest?RioCarnival!Ispentareallyfundaytherewithmyfriends.Itwasgreatfunwalkingalongthestreets,enjoyingtherelaxingatmosphere!Theperformanceswerejustamazing.Today9:11amVincent1119TheSpringFestivalinChina,especiallythedinnerontheLunarNewYear's

Eve!Allfamilymembersgettogether.AndIgetluckymoneyinredenvelopesfrommyparentsandrelatives,soit'salwaysanexcitingtimeforme.Underlinethe–ingformusedastheattributeorthepredicative.PracticeToday10:11amWizard_OzPerhapsThanksgiving.Whatcouldbebetter?Familiesgettingtogetherandeatingdeliciousfood,peoplewatchingsportsgamesonTV,friendslaughingandtalking,etc