PAGEeq\a\vs4\al(專項訓練十二科普知識與現代科技)時間：8～10分鐘/篇分值：2分/小題Passage1(2018南京)Anewreportshowswhatlifemightbelikein100yearsfromnow.Itdescribesskyscrapersthataremuchtallerthantoday'sbuildings,underwater‘bubble’citiesandholidaysinspace.Thereportisfromacompany.Itaskedexperts(專家)onspaceandarchitecture,aswellascityplanners,togivetheirideasonthelifein2116.Theysaidthewaywelive,workandplaywillbetotallydifferenttohowwedothesethingstoday.TheexpertsusedtheInternetasanexample.Theysaidthat25yearsago,peoplecouldnotimaginehowtheInternetandsmartphoneswouldchangeourlives.TheInternethascompletelychangedthewaywecommunicate,learnanddodailythings.Theexpertssaidthechangesinthenextcenturywouldbeevenmoreunbelievable.Researchersquestioned2，000adultsaboutthepredictions(預言)theythoughtweremostlikely(很可能的)tohappeninthefuture.Theypredictedthatinthefuture,fewpeoplewillgotoanofficebutwillworkfromhomeandhaveworkmeetingsonline.Peoplewillhavehighlydeveloped3-Dprintersthatwillletyoudownload(下載)adesignforfurnitureorafoodrecipeandthen‘print’thesofa,tableorpizzaathome.Therewillalsobelessneedforvisitstothedoctor.Wewillallhaveahomehealthinstrumentthatwilltelluswhattheproblemisandgiveustreatment.WewillalsobegoingintospaceforholidaysandtogetresourcesthatwehaveuseduponEarth.ApredictionthatismissingiswhetherpeoplewillstillneedtostudyEnglish.()1.ThewriterusestheexampleoftheInternetinParagraph1toshow________．A.theInternetwasoftenusedB.theInternethasdevelopedfastC.peoplewillnotbelievethechangesD.technologywillchangepeople'slives()2.Withthehelpofhighlydeveloped3-Dprinters,awaytogetasofain2116isto________．A.buyoneinashopB.asksomebodytomakeoneC.downloadadesignand‘print’oneD.designandmakeonebyoneself()3.Accordingtothepassage,themissingpredictionis________．A.howpeoplewillworkB.wherepeoplewillgetresourcesC.whatpeoplewillhaveathometotreatillnessD.whetherpeoplewillstillneedtolearnEnglish()4.Thepassageismainlyabout________．A.thelifein2116B.holidaysinspaceC.thehistoryoftheInternetD.medicaltreatment()5.Thepassageismostprobablyfrom________．A.anadvertisementB.anewspaperC.adetectivestoryD.ahealthreportPassage2(2018山西)WhenIopenedmye-mailtheotherday,Rachel,aprettywoman,appearedonmycomputerscreen.Shegreetedmebynameandstartedtalkinghappily.Sometimesshestoppedtosmileatmeorblowakiss.Itwascool,right?Infact,shewasreadingtomeane-mailfrommybrotherJohn.RachelcouldbetherebecauseofanewtechnologycalledFacemail.Facemailletsyousende-mailsinafunnyway.Byusingit,youre-mailscanbereadtothereceiverbyanattractivepersonorbyaclown.Youcandownloadthesoftwareatwww.Fwithoutpaying.Facemailfacesarelivelyandtheycansimulatetheemotionsthatyouputinyourtext.Forexample,typein，andRachelblowsakiss.LifeFX,thecompanythatdevelopedtheFacemail,issuretherearewidebusinessuses.Whyise-businessnotsopopularnow?Oneofthereasonsisthatbuyingonlinehasnohumantouch.ButifyougototheNikewebsite,andthefamousbasketballstarMichaelJordangreetsyoubyname,servesyou,andpersonallycloses_the_sale,_won'tyoubehappy?Also,ifmomcan'tbehomewhenkidsgetbackfromschool,shecanleaveanotewithavoiceandpictureonthescreentotellthemwhatthereistoeat.It'struethatFacemailmakeslifeeasyandfun,butitshouldbeusedwithcare.Theclownlookslivelyandfunnyatfirst.Butifyouchoosetheclown,putafewrudewordsinane-mailandaddsomeangryemotions,you'vegotaPsychomail.()1.Infact,whoisRachel?A.Sheisaprettyactress.B.SheisJohn'sgirlfriend.C.Sheisnotarealperson.()2.WhatisthemainadvantageofFacemail?A.Youdon'tneedtopayforit.B.E-mailcanbeattractiveinamorelovelyway.C.Youcanaskabeautifulwomantoreadthee-mailtoyou.()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“closesthesale”probablymean?A.停止營業B.達成交易C.取消折扣()4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Youshouldn'tchooseaclown.B.Facemailcanbewidelyusedinbusiness.C.MomcanshowherkidshowtocookbyFacemail.()5.Whatisthewriter'sattitude(態度)towardsFacemail?A.Hethinksit'sadangertotheInternet.B.Hethinksitneedsfurtherimprovement.C.Hethinksit'sacoolandfunnytechnology.Passage3(2018重慶B卷)Manyhomeshavecamerastoprotectthemfromdanger.Thecamerascantelltheownersifsomeonehasentered.Butthecamerasdonotknowwhetherthepersonisafamilymember,afriend,apostmanoracriminal(罪犯)．ButanewcameramadebyaFrenchcompanycanrecognize(辨別出)faces.Itcantellparentsatworkthattheirchildrenhavereturnedfromschool,orthatthemailhasbeensenttotheirhome.Itcanalsotellthemifastrangerhasenteredtheirhome.Whenfamilymembersenterahome,thesmartcamera“recognizes”themandsendsinformationtotheowner'sphone.Theownercanchoosetoseethevideothenorlater.Butifanunknownpersonentersahome,thecamerawillsendawarningsoundontheowner'sphone.ThisiswhathappenedrecentlytoasmarthomecameraownernamedDamien.HelivesinParis.“OnaFridayIwasatwork,havingabigmonthlymeetingwhenmyphonemoved.AtfirstItoldmyself‘Oh,itmustbeawrongwarn，’butmyphonewastellingmetherewasafacethatthecameradidnotrecognize.Somethingwashappeninginmyhouse!”“IsawapersonIdidnotknowwithhisshoeson,whichisnotallowedinmyapartment(公寓).Iwatcheditonthevideo.Ifeltquitesurprised.Ihurriedbackhomeasfastaspossibleandcalledthepoliceontheway.Thankstothesmartcamera,thecriminalwascaughtsoon，”saidDamien.()1.Thenewsmartcameraisdifferentfromtheonesinmanyhomesbecauseitcan________.A.protecttheownerB.helpaschoolchildC.recognizefacesD.callthepolice()2.InDamien'sapartment,peoplecan't________．A.wearshoesB.watchvideosC.havecamerasD.sendmails()3.Ifweputthepassageintothreeparts,whichofthefollowingisthebest?(①＝Para.(自然段)1②＝Para.2③＝Para.3④＝Para.4⑤＝Para.5)A.①；②③；④⑤B.①；②；③④⑤C.①②③；④；⑤D.①②；③④；⑤()4.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe“________”．A.CatchingCriminalsinaBetterWayB.StrangeVideoFacesC.WarningSoundonthePhoneD.SmartHomeCamerasPassage4(2018德州)HoverCamera(無人相機)WangMengqiu,theinventorofHoverCamera,wasborninHangzhouin1982.HeoncestudiedatStanfordUniversityintheUnitedStates.Hebecamefamousovernight(一夜成名)becauseoftheinvention.Forgetselfiesticks(自拍桿)!Comparedtoothercameras,HoverCamerahasmanyadvantages.*Itcanflyandstayinmid-air,trackyourfaceandevenfollowyoutomakesureitgetstheperfectpicture.*Itcanbecontrolledbyusingasmartphone(智能手機)．*Itrecordsmovementswitha13MPcameraandtakes4Kvideo.*Itisthebestchoiceforweddings,sportsgamesandholidays.Mr.Wangalsosaid,“Themaindesignconsiderationiseasyandsafetotakefortheusers.It'sverylightandsmall.Itcanbefolded(折疊)intwo,soitcanbeeasilyputintoabag.Whenthepowerislow,itcanlandonthegroundsafelyonitsown.”It'sreportedthatthecompanyhasraised$25milliontoproduceit.Asitisstillbeingtested(測試),HoverCameracanbeboughtlaterthisyear.Thepricehasnotyetbeendecided.Butaspokesmansaysthecompanyhopestosellitforlessthan$600.()1.HoverCameracan________．A.swiminthewaterB.flyinthemid-airC.changeitsweightD.beusedasaphone()2.Theunderlinedword“track”means________．A.pullB.followC.pushD.show()3.Accordingtothepassage,whyisHoverCameraeasyandsafetotake?A.It'slightandsmall.B.Itcanbefoldedinthree.C.Itdoesn'tneedpower.D.Onlyasmartphonecanmakeitland.()4.Whichisnotmentionedinthepassage?A.HowcanwecontrolHoverCamera?B.WhencanwebuyHoverCamera?C.HowmuchisHoverCamera?D.HowpopularwillHoverCamerabe?()5.Accordingtothepassage,WangMengqiuisa________youngman.A.braveB.quietC.creativeD.humorousPassage5(2018威海)TheBuildingThatMovesEveryoneknowsthatbuildingsdon'tmove.Theycan'tchangethewaytheylook.However,architect(建筑師)DavidFisherwantstochangethat.Fisherhasanamazingidea.Hewantstomake80-storybuildingsthatchangeshape.Eachfloorwillmovearoundslowly.Thefloorswillmoveatdifferentspeeds.Becauseofthis,theshapeofthebuildingisalwayschanging.“Thesebuildingswillneverlookthesame，”saysFisher.Hisideaisaninterestingone.However,Fisherdoesn'tstopthere.Healsowantsthebuildingtobe“green”.Thebuildingwillmakeitsownenergy.Inmostbuildings,onlythetopfloorhasaroof(屋頂).InFisher'sbuilding,eachfloorwillhaveitsownroof.Theroofseachhavesolarpanels(太陽能板).Thismeansalotmoresolarenergy.Also,machinesbetweeneachfloorofthebuildingwillcatchthewind.Theywillturnthewindintoenergy.Fisher'sideassoundimpossible.However,that's_what_people_also_said_before_humans_traveled_into_space!()1.Thepassageismainlytalkingabout________．A.buildingsforthefutureB.thelifeofanarchitectC.howgreenbuildingswork()2.Theunderlinedword“80-story”meansthebuildinghas80________．A.shapesB.floorsC.differentspeeds()3.Fisher'sbuildingcanmakeitsownenergybecausethebuilding________．A.istallandalwaysmovingB.istallandhasmanysolarpanelsC.isalwaysmovingandhasmanysolarpanels()4.TheFisher'sbuildingwillNOTgetenergyfrom________．A.thesunB.thewaterC.thewind()5.Whydoesthewritersay“that's_what_people_also_said_before_humans_traveled_into_space”？A.ToshowwhyFisher'sbuildingwillneverwork.B.ToshowwhyFisher'sbuildingislikeaspaceship.C.Toshowthatunusualideascansometimeswork.Passage6(2018福州)Pollutioninsidehomesandotherbuildingskillsmorethan4millionpeopleeachyear.Manypeopledieasaresultofbreathingsmokeorfromcookingoverwood-poweredorcoal-poweredstoves.Onewaytoreducethenumberofdeathsisthroughcookingequipmentpoweredbythesun.CrosbyMenzies,asolarpowerexpertinaSouthAfricancompany,describedhislatestsolarcookercalledthe“Sol-4”.“Itisfoursquaremetersofmirrors,sixtoeightmetersinlength.Itisquitealargecooker.”The“Sol-4”worksbyreflecting(反射)lightfromthesunofflargemirrors.Themirrorsdirect(把……對準)thelightatacookingpan.Thenthelightheatsthepanwithsolarenergy.Withintwominutes,thepanishotenoughtocooksausagesandonions.Injustfourminutes,watercanbeboiled.Thatisasfastascookingwithnaturalgasorelectricity.Thecookerisalsomuch“friendlier”thanothermodelsbecausepeopledonothavetostandinthesuntouseit.Andpeoplecanpreparemealswithouthavingtocollectfirewoodorspendmoneyoncoal.Suchindividualswouldbelesslikelytohavebreathingillnessesfromharmfulsmoke.Atpresent,thecookeronlyworkswhenthesunisshining.Butengineersareworkingonawaytomakeitworkwithoutsunlight.Eachcookercostsabout$2，000,whichisalargeamountofmoneyformostAfricans.Tosolvethatproblem,CrosbyMenzieshascreatedanon-govermentalorganizationcalledSolarCookersforAfrica.Itplanstoraisemoneythroughdonationstoprovidepoorpeoplewithsolarcookingequipment.()1.Thispassageismainlyabout________．A.solarcookersB.smokepollutionC.solarpowerexpertsD.breathingillnesses()2.The“Sol-4”ismainlyusedto________．A.shortenthetimeofcookingB.reducethecostofmakingcookersC.raisemoneythroughdonationstohelpAfricanpeopleD.reducethenumberofdeathscausedbyharmfulsmoke()3.Theunderlinedword“individuals”mostprobablymeans“________”．A.cookersB.mirrorsC.peopleD.experts()4.Whichofthefollowingaboutthe“Sol-4”isTRUE?A.Itissixtoeightsquaremetersofmirrors.B.Itcanworkinanyweatherconditionnow.C.Itcanalsoheatthepanbylightingfirewood.D.Itismoreenvironment-friendlythanothercookers.()5.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat________．A.the“Sol-4”willbedesignedinasmallersizeB.moreAfricanscanusethesolarcookersinthefutureC.the“Sol-4”isthefirstproductoftheSouthAfricancompanyD.theAfricangovernmentwillprovidepoorpeoplewithsolarcookersPassage7(2018廣州)Gettingelectricityhasalwaysbeenaproblemforthe173peoplelivinginNuevoSaposoa,asmallvillageinPeru,SouthAmerica.However,thingswentfrombadtoworseinMarch2015afterheavyrainsdamagedtheonlypowercablesinthearea.Thevillagerswereforcedtouseoillamps,whicharenotonlyexpensivebutalsodangerousbecauseoftheharmfulgasestheyproduce.Luckily，researchersattheUniversityofTechnology(UT)inLima,Peruheardabouttheirproblemandfoundawonderfulsolution.Theymadealampthatcanbepoweredbyplantsandsoil,bothofwhichcanbeeasilyfoundintheAmazonianrainforestwherethevillagelies.ThelamptakesenergyfromaplantgrowinginawoodenboxandusesittolightupanLEDlightbulb.Whilethatmaysoundamazingandevenimpossible,thesciencebehindtheideaisquitesimple.Asplantscreatetheirfood(usingthesun'senergy,waterandchemicalsfromthesoil),theyalsoproducewastewhichtheyreturntothesoil.Tinyanimalsinthesoileatthiswasteandtheyproduceelectrons—thebuildingblocksofelectricalenergy.TheUTteamputspecialsticksinsidethesoiltocapturetheenergyandkeepitinthelamp'sbatteriesforlateruse.Theresearcherssayasinglechargecanpowera50-wattLEDlightfortwohours—enoughtimeforlocalvillagerstogettheireveningworkdone.TheuniversitygavetenPlantLampstothevillagersofNuevoSaposoainOctober2015.Sofar,theyhavebeenahugesuccess!ElmerRamirez,theUTprofessorwhoinventedthelampbelievesthePlantLampcouldhelpimprovethelivesofmanypeople,especiallysmallrainforestcommunities,42%ofwhomhavenoelectricity.()1.WhataretheproblemsofoillampsaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Theyaredifficulttouseandcreatepollution.B.Theyareexpensivetobuyandeasilydamaged.C.Theyaredifficulttorepairandproducelittlelight.D.Theyareexpensivetouseandcanbebadforhealth.()2.TheelectricitymadebythePlantLampcomesfrom________．A.plantfoodB.plantwasteC.thesoil'sheatD.thesun'senergy()3.WhatistrueaboutthePlantLamp?A.Itcanbemadebylocalpeople.B.Itismucheasiertousethanoillamps.C.Itcanproducealltheelectricitythevillageneeds.D.Thethingsitneedstomakeelectricityareeasytofind.()4.ThePlantLamp'sinventorbelievesitcouldbemosthelpfulfor________．A.rainforestcommunitiesB.carsC.poorpeopleincitiesD.farmers()5.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toreportonanewinvention.B.Toexplainanewscientifictheory.C.Todescribehowelectricityismade.D.Todiscusstheproblemsofpoorvillages.專項訓練十二科普知識與現代科技Passage1【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了100年后的生活。D【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：作者在第一段使用網絡的例子來表明。由第一段中“Theysaidthat25yearsago,peoplecouldnotimaginehowtheInternetandsmartphoneswouldchangeourlives.”可知，人們不敢想象科學技術能改變人們的生活。故選D。C【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：在高速發展的3D打印機的幫助下，在2116年得到一個沙發的方式是。由第二段第三句“Peoplewillhavehighlydeveloped3-Dprintersthatwillletyoudownload(下載)adesignforfurnitureorafoodrecipeandthen‘print’thesofa,tableorpizzaathome.”可知，人們下載一個設計，然后用高速發展的3D打印機打印出來。故選C。D【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：根據這篇文章，消失的預言是。由文章第二段最后一句“ApredictionthatismissingiswhetherpeoplewillstillneedtostudyEnglish.”可知，一個消失的預言是人們是否仍需要學習英語。故選D。A【解析】主旨大意題。題干意為：這篇文章主要是關于。由文章第一句話“Anewreportshowswhatlifemightbelikein100yearsfromnow.”可知，文章主要講述了100年后的生活。故選A。5.B【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：這篇文章很可能來自。文章主要講述了100年后的生活。所以這篇文章很可能來自報紙。故選B。Passage2【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一種叫做Facemail的新科技產品，能以一種頗為迷人的男性、女性或丑角的形象向電子郵件的接收者讀郵件。C【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：事實上，誰是Rachel？根據文章第一段“Infact,shewasreadingtomeane-mailfrommybrotherJohn.”和第二段“RachelcouldbetherebecauseofanewtechnologycalledFacemail.”可知Rachel能夠讀來自弟弟的郵件，她之所以能出現，是由于一種新科技。所以Rachel不是真人。故選C。B【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：Facemail的主要優勢是什么？根據第二段“Facemailletsyousende-mailsinafunnyway.Byusingit,youre-mailscanbereadtothereceiverbyanattractivepersonorbyaclown.”可知，用這種Facemail發送的電子郵件能夠將其內容擬人化，并帶有發送者所賦的表情，這樣就使閱讀郵件的過程變得很有趣，令人感覺很舒適，從而具有吸引力。故選B。B【解析】短語猜測題。題干意為：劃線短語“closesthesale”意思可能是什么？文章第三段講了Facemail在商務上的應用，通過“現在的電子商務不是那么受歡迎”與假設的情境“邁克爾·喬丹喊著你的名字與你打招呼、接待你，你會很高興”之間的對照，可以推斷出closesthesale意為“達成交易”。故選B。B【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：根據文章以下哪項是正確的？根據第三段中關于電子商務的介紹可知作者提出了一種假設：假如你進入耐克公司的網站，看到邁克爾·喬丹喊著你的名字與你打招呼、接待你并親自與你進行交易，你不會很高興嗎？可斷定B項正確。故選B。C【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：作者對Facemail是什么態度？通過對文章的理解，我們可知作者對Facemail是持肯定和贊賞態度的，從第一段中“Itwascool,right？”以及第三段中的假設情境使電子商業變得有趣都可得到提示。故選C。Passage3【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一種智能家庭攝像機的功能，并舉了發生在一個用戶家的事例來說明這種攝像機的神奇之處。C【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：這種新型智能攝像機與許多家庭中的不同是因為它能。根據第二段首句“ButanewcameramadebyaFrenchcompanycanrecognize(辨別出)faces.”可知這種攝像機的不同之處在于它能識別臉部。故選C。A【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：在Damien的公寓內，人們不能。根據最后一段第一句“IsawapersonIdidnotknowwithhisshoeson,whichisnotallowedinmyapartment(公寓)．”可知在Damien的公寓內不允許穿鞋，故選A。B【解析】文章結構題。題干意為：如果我們把這篇短文分成三部分，下面哪一項是最好的？閱讀短文可知這篇短文第一段介紹了傳統攝像機的功能，第二段介紹了一種新型智能攝像機，第三、四、五段介紹了發生在Damien家的一件事，因此按照這個結構來劃分段落最好。故選B。D【解析】標題歸納題。題干意為：這篇短文最好的標題可能是“”。閱讀短文可知這篇短文主要介紹了一種智能家庭攝像機。故選D。Passage4【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了出生在杭州的80后小伙王孟秋發明的無人相機的一些特點及發展前景。B【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：無人相機可以。根據第三段第一句“Itcanflyandstayinmid-air...”可知這款相機可以在半空中飛行并停留。故選B。B【解析】詞義猜測題。題干意為：劃線單詞“track”的意思是。根據第三段第一句中的“...flyandstayinmid-air...”及“...andevenfollowyoutomakesureitgetstheperfectpicture.”可以猜測出track的意思為“追蹤”。故選B。A【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：根據文章內容，為什么無人相機攜帶方便且安全？根據第七段第二句“It'sverylightandsmall.”可知因為無人相機輕便、小巧而便于攜帶。故選A。4.D【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：下面哪一項沒有被提到？通讀全文可知A項在第四段“Itcanhecontrolledbyusingasmartphone(智能手機)．”被提及；B項在第八段第二句“...HoverCameracanbeboughtlaterthisyear”被提及；C項第九段第二句“Butaspokesmansaysthecompanyhopestosellitforlessthan$600.”被提及，只有D項未被提及。故選D。C【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：根據文章，王孟秋是一個年輕人。通讀全文可知，王孟秋發明了無人相機，說明他是一個有創新意識的人。故選C。Passage5【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了建筑師大衛·菲舍爾想建造一個80層環保型移動建筑的獨特設想。A【解析】主旨大意題。題干意為：這篇短文主要談論了。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了建筑師大衛·菲舍爾對于未來大樓的設想，故選A。B【解析】詞義猜測題。題干意為：劃線單詞“80-story”是指建筑有80。根據第二段第三、四句“Eachfloorwillmovearoundslowly.Thefloorswillmoveatdifferentspeeds.”可知“80-story”指的是“80層”。故選B。C【解析】細節理解題。題干意為：菲舍爾的大樓可以自己產生能源，因為這座大樓。根據第三段第六、七句“InFisher'sbuilding,eachfloorwillhaveitsownroof.Theroofseachhavesolarpanels(太陽能板)．”及第九、十句“