缺啥填啥——定語從句引導詞的判斷與選擇云溪區一中李干軍1.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof_______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.(NMET90)A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which2.Inthedarkstreet,therewasnotasingleperson________shecouldturnforhelp.(NMET92)A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom3.Theweatherturnedtobeverygood,________wasmorethanwecouldexpect.(NMET94)A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it4..AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyears,hereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.(NMET96)A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when5.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,______personallyIdoubtverymuch.(NMET99)A.itB.thatC.whenD.which6.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,___ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.(NMET2000)A.whoB.whichC.this

D.what7.________isknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)

A.untilB.AsC.ThatD.What高考命題導向(請注意選項設置的特點)8.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,______thesailingtimewas226days.(2004)A.ofwhich B.duringwhich C.fromwhich D.forwhich9.Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace___,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.（2005上海春季）

A.which B.whereC.thereD.what

10.

Human

facial

expressions

differ

from

those

of

animals

in

the

degree

___they

can

be

controlled

on

purpose.

（2007重慶）

A.

with

which

B.

to

which

C.

of

which

D.

for

which

11.Occasionsarequiterare______Ihavethetimetospendadaywiththekids.(08山東)

A.who

B.which

C.why

D.when

12.They’vewontheirlastthreematches,______Ifindabitsurprisingactually(09遼寧).A.that

B.when

C.what

D.which13.Guncontrolisasubject_____Americanshavearguedforalongtime.(09湖南)A.of

which

B.withwhich

C.about

which

D.into

which14.She’llneverforgetherstaythere_____shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore(09四川).A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when15.Manychildren,____parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.(09安徽)A.their

B.whose

C.of

them

D.with

whom結論:高考對定語從句的考察主要是引導詞的判斷與選擇指代人指代事物所屬關系指地點指時間指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewherewhenwhy關系代詞關系副詞歸納總結1.引導詞及其分類:2.

先行詞的判斷（確定引導詞的關鍵）①有從句修飾的那個名詞或代詞或短語(尤其是句子中有兩個名稱或代詞等情況時)引導詞可能是關系代詞或關系副詞1.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.NMET2001)

3.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_____,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappyNMET2000)

4.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,_____personallyIdoubtverymuch.(NMET99)2.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof_______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.(NMET90)

②特殊情況(先行詞既不是單詞類也不是短語而是是一個句子)引導詞which或as二.判斷和選擇引導詞的方法一.規則性的東西：識記法（機械記憶法）1.先行詞是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代詞或由不定代詞any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修飾時。2.先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾且指物時。3.先行詞中既有人又有事物時。4.先行詞被thevery,theonly等修飾且指物時。5.當先行詞前面有who/which等疑問代詞時。

A:只使用that應遵循的規則B:只使用which應遵循的規則1.指物，介詞后。2.用于非限制定語從句中C:只使用as應遵循的規則1.such…as…“像……一樣的”，“像……之類”2.thesame…as…“和……同樣的3.…suchas…such為代詞，意思為”這樣的人/物“，as修飾先行詞such。4.asweallknow,asisknowntoall等固定搭配中5.若非限制性定語從句中的謂語動詞是besaid

beknown,beexpected,bereported,beannounced等結構時，不論是在句首，句中，句末，都必須as用來引導.1．Isthereanythingelse______yourequire?

A．which B．thatC．WhoD．what2．Thelastplace______wevisitedwastheGreatWall．

A．which B．thatC．where D．It3．Theycouldonlyreadsuchstories____hadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish．

A．that B．whichC．as D．What4．Johngotbeateninthegame,_____hadbeenexpected．

A．asB．thatC．what D．who5．_____

hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules．

A．WhichB．WhatC．That D．As

6．Thisisoneofthebestfilms______thisyear．

A．havebeenshown B．thathaveshownC．thathavebeenshown D．whichhasbeenshown7．Doyouknowthereason______shegotsoangryyesterday?

A．forwhyB．forthatC．which D．Why8．Isoxygentheonlygas______helpsfireburn?

A．ThatB．/C．which D．it

BBCADCDA聯系點9．Therewas____

time_____

Ihatedtogotoschool.

A．a;that

B．a;when

C．the;that

D．the;when

10.I’vereadallthebooks

wereborrowedfromthelibrary．

A．ThatB．/C．which D．they11.Thescientistandhisachievements

youtoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall．

A．which B．whoC．ThatD．Whose12.Youcantakeanyseat

isfree．

A．which B．whereC．that D．inwhich13.Myhometownisnolongerthesame

itusedtobeA．whichB．asC．ThatD．likeBACCB14.____isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.

A.Which

B.When

C.What

D.As15.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,___wantedtobuyit.

A.noneofthem

B.bothofthem

C.noneofwhom

D.neitherofwhom16.Iwalkedinourgarden,______TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.

A.which

B.when

C.where

D.that17.Aperson_____e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.

A.who

B.whom

C.whose

D.whoeverDDcC建議：總結歸納

把書讀薄思考：下面這些題目該怎么做呢？1.Thereason_______hemissedthespeechisthatheforgotthetime.2.Thereason____________hegaveussoundedreasonable.3.I’llneverforgettheday____________wespenttogetherinParis.4.I’llremembertheday________westayedtogetheratthattime.5.Thisisthefactory____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehouse_________Lincolnoncelived.Remember:引導詞用關系代詞還是用關系副詞或區分兩者的關鍵要看他們在從句中作什么成份而定。或者說，假如把先行詞放到從句中是作主語、賓語(關系代詞)還是狀語（關系副詞）而定。whythat\whichthat\whichwhenthat\whichwhere二.理解性的東西：句子成分分析法（缺啥填啥）1.區分主句與從句（句子，主和謂，靜與動，及物與不及物）2.找出先行詞3.根據從句缺的成分選擇對應的引導詞（區分句子的主干與修飾部分）定語從句的基本概念（拆字法）1.句子：實義動詞（及物、不及物）主語和謂語｛系動詞｛be感官動詞表變化的動詞2.從句：相對主句而言，與主句一起構成主從復合句3.主句與從句的區別｛相同點：都是句子具有句子的特征不同點：①從句有引導詞

②從句是主句的一個成分，只不過是以句子形式出現的。4.定語：用于修飾名詞和代詞｛5.定：限制｛限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句聯系點：先行詞與引導詞單詞短語句子放在名詞和代詞前放在名詞和代詞后放在名詞和代詞后7.(1)Hestilllivesintheroom________windowfacestothesouth.(2)Hestilllivesintheroom_________isinthenorthofthecity.whosewhich8.(1)Iwillneverforgetthedays________westudiedtogether.(2)Iwillneverforgetthedays_________wespenttogether.whenthat

9.(1)Thereason________hedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.(2)Thereason_________heexplainedisnottrue.whythat10.(1)Wewillmeetatthesameplace________wemetlastmonth.(2)Wewillmeetatthesameplace________wevisitedlastmonth.wherethat以上是先行詞相同情況的分析，是情況一。總結；做題最重要的是找到謂語，即動詞2.定語從句和并列句的區別

1.Isawsometrees,andtheleavesofthetreeswereblackwithdisease.-----Isawsometrees,theleavesof________wereblackwithdisease.分析：是否有連詞是區分定語從句和并列句的一個關鍵which2.

Theprofessorisanordinary-lookinglittleman,onthenoseof_________thereisapairofglassesWhom

分析：（1）句從引導詞來看，狀語從句中的that是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成分，而定語從句中的as在從句中要作一個成分（主語，賓語或表語）。3.定語從句和狀語從句的區別

(1)Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanliftit.

Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanlift.

(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawer___________hecaneasilyfindit.(=where)

thatasinwhichPleaseputtheletter_________hecaneasilyfindit.

where

(3)Pleaseputtheletterinwhichhecaneasilyfindit

4.定語從句和名詞性從句(主、賓、表)的區別

1.Hedidall(that)hecouldtohelpme.(=what)2.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.(=what)3._______isknowntousall,theearthturnsroundthesun.Itisknowntousall_______TaiwanbelongstoChina.4.______isknowntousallisthattheearthissmallerthanthesun.5.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.6.Wedon’tbelievethenews____hetoldusyesterday.

AsthatWhat賓語從句主語從句主語從句主語從句thatthat同位語從句定語從句定語從句表語從句分析：that引導同位語從句，在從句中不充當成份，并且引導的句子是說明前一名詞的內容，在從句中不可省去，也不可用which替代。That/which引導定語從句，在從句中充當成份，作賓語時可省去，從句起說明主句性質和特征的作用。7.Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江蘇）

A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich

5.定語從句和強調句的區別

(1)Itisin

thisroom______Ilivedlastyear.Itistheroom_______Ilivedlastyear.(2)Itwasatseveno’clock________hewenttoschoolthismorning.

Itwasseveno’clock_______hewenttoschoolthismorning.

分析：強調句句型：Itis/was+被強調的成份+that/who+其它部分去掉Itis/was….that/who…,句子照樣成立。(1)Ilivedinthisroomlastyear.(2)Hewenttoschoolatseventhismorning.而定語從句的引導詞在句中要作一成份。thatwherethatwhen而且It有實際含義或所指，也充當成分。1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdiffic