大學(xué)英語(yǔ)期末復(fù)習(xí)試題（考前評(píng)講答案版）大學(xué)英語(yǔ)期末復(fù)習(xí)試題（專(zhuān)升本）PartⅠVocabularyandStructure1.Inviewofglobalwarming,coastalbuildingsshould___B___sea-levelrise.A)preventB)anticipateC)discourageD)prompt2.Ifeel____D____youwillextendahelpinghandtothosewhoaresufferingfromcoldandhunger.A)unlikeB)complacentC)apparentD)confident3.Thebookiswrittensothatareaderwillbenefitinafuture____A____withaworkofart.A)encounterB)conflictC)investmentD)evaluation4.Myattitudetoagingisthatit's_____A___sothere'sverylittlewecandoaboutit.A)inevitableB)psychologicalC)contagiousD)steady5.Wehadbettermoveforward,foritwillnotdousanygoodto___B____thepast.A)shrugoffB)dwellonC)liveonD)singleout6.Theytookemergencystepstoprotectthemselvesfromthe____B____disease.A)conveyedB)dreadedC)dispersedD)exploded7.Thespendingcutsmadeitimpossibletofillthepostsleft____C____byretiredteachers.A)depressedB)jealousC)vacantD)dissatisfied8.Canyoulistafewproblemslikelyto____B____thehumanraceinthenextfewdecades?A)fractureB)confrontC)occupyD)frustrate9.Morethan$10millioninresearchcostshasbeenlostona(n)____A____nuclearsafetyprogram.A)abandonedB)deducedC)meltedD)resolved10.Theywillgivepresentationsonthoseaspectsofengineeringthatarehavingan___D_____onthedevelopmentofmilitaryequipment.A)applicationB)indicationC)intentD)impact11.Ifyouloveplants,thechancesareyoubuythemon____B____andthenwonderwheretoputthem.A）purposeB）impulseC）displayD）cue12.Ifyouhavetogothroughasmoke-filledarea,you'dbetter____A____withyourheadlow.A）crawlB）retreatC）proceedD）drag13.Mother____B____mybrothertokeephisvoicedownbutheignoredher.A）remarkedB）motionedC）shruggedD）impressed14.Ifdoingonethinggivesyouanunpleasantfeeling,thenormal____C____wouldbetostopdoingit.A）perspectiveB）emotionC）reactionD）function15.Amongthesearticles,whichdoyouthinkaremost___D_____tointerestourstudents?A）unexpectedB）awkwardC）competentD）likely16.Longaftereventhelatestappletreehadfinallybrokenintoleaf,themulberry's（桑樹(shù)）branchesremainedstubbornly___B_____.A）emptyB）bareC）staleD）dumb17.Theseschoolscomeunderthesupervisionoflocally____A____committees.A）appointedB）rotatedC）consistedD）composed18.Weshouldseeourselvesaspartofnatureratherthanin____C____withit.A）argumentB）connectionC）conflictD）crash19.Theserowsofsmalltreesgrowingclosetogether___D_____livingwallsforshelterandprivacyinthegarden.A）obtainB）breedC）arrangeD）create20.Don't____A____toletmeknowifthere'sanythingIcandoforyou.A）hesitateB）rejectC）puzzleD）thrill21.Withdeterminationandhardwork,youare____A____succeedeventually.A）boundtoB）sureofC）necessarytoD）freeto22.Weneverloseheartwhenwe___D_____difficultiesinourwork.A）engageB）conflictC）catchD）encounter23.Microsoftisto____A____itsfightagainstpiracybyrequiringuserswhovisititsdownloadsitestoverifytheirinstallation.A）stepupB）stepinC）stepontoD）stepby24.NearlyallmajorcitiesintheUSarecrime-ridden.___B_____isChicago.A）ApointincaseB）AcaseinpointC）AnycaseD）Tothepoint25.Investigation___B_____thewomen’s800-meterracechampiontobeamanindisguise.A）concealedB）revealedC）deprivedD）assuredPartⅡReadingComprehensionPassageOneThegoodnewswegetfromTVandradiomakesusfeelmorekindlytowardotherpeople,butbadnews–especiallynewsofcrueltyandviolence–stirsupsuspicionandasenseofcompetitiontowardothers.Thesearethefindingsof10yearsofexperimentsbyresearchpsychologists(心理學(xué)家)atColumbiaUniversity,whoconcludethatbroadcastersencouragehostile(敵對(duì)的)behaviorbystressingbadnews."Wefoundthatthenewspeopleareexposedtoeitherencouragesthemtoconcentrateonthedifferencesbetweenthemselvesandothers,oronthecommonproblemsthatmakethemfeel,'We'reallinthistogether,'"explainedDr.HarveyHornstein."Newsaboutonehumanbeinghelpinganother…bringsoutfeelingsoftrustandcooperation.Butnewsaboutonepersonactuallydoingharmtoanotherchangesourestimateofotherpeoplefortheworse."Inanearlyexperimentin1968,Dr.Hornsteinandhisassociates,whohadbeendroppingwallets(錢(qián)包)fortwoyearstotestthehonestyofpeople,discoveredthatonJune4,1968,notonewalletwasreturned."ThatwasthenightRobertF.Kennedywasshot,"herecalled."Strangerssuddenlyseemeddangerous,andnobodywantedtoreturnalostwallettoastranger."Butgoodnewsontheotherhand,liftsusup,"hestressed,citingthedateofJuly4,1976,America'sBicentennial(兩百年的)celebration."Onthatday,weallfeltsafeandgood.BeingAmericanwasthething.Weallfeltasifweallbelongedtogether."Recenttestssupporttheseconclusions.Inoneexperiment,60subjectswereexposedtogoodnews,badnewsormusic.Thentheyweretoldtoplayagamewithanon-existentpersonsupposedlyinanotherroom.Itwasagameofchoicethatemphasizedcooperationorcompetition.Afterhearinggoodnews,theoverwhelmingmajority,91percent,playedcooperatively.Butafterhearingbadnews,competitiveresponseswereoverthreetimesashigh–upto28percent,from9percent."Ifwewatchtelevisionandseealotofblood,"saidDr.Hornstein,"we'reprobablyassumingthattheworldisadirtierplacethanweassumedbeforewesawthatTVviolence.Andwe'lldealwiththenextindividualwecomeuponasifheispartofthatgrim(冷酷的)pictureofhumanity.Afterthegoodnews,it'sthereverse."26.AccordingtothefindingsofresearchersatColumbiaUniversity,whenpeopleheargoodnews,theyfeel_____B_____.A）happierB）morekindlytowardothersC）saferthantheyreallyareD）morecompetitive27.Dr.HarveyHornsteinfoundthatwhenpeoplehearnewsaboutonepersonactuallydoingharmtoanother,theytendto___A_____.A）regardotherpeopleasworsethantheyreallyareB）treattotalstrangersassuspectsofcruelcrimesC）becomehostiletowardsneighborsandfriendsD）thinkaboutthecommonproblemsfacingmankind28.WhatdidDr.HarveyHornsteinandhisassociatesdiscoveronthenightofJune4,1968?DA）RobertF.Kennedywasshot.B）Theirwalletswerelost.C）PeopleinAmericasuddenlybecamedishonest.D）Nobodyreturnedthewalletstheydropped.29.WecaninferfromthepassagethatonJuly4,1976,mostprobably____B____.A）peopledrankandsanganddancedB）lostwalletswerereturnedtotheirownersC）everybodywantedtobeAmericanD）evencriminalswerefriendlytoothers30.Thelastsentence“Afterthegoodnews,it’sthereverse”means_____A_______A)Weprobablyassumetheworldisbetterthanweassumedafterwewatchgoodnews.B)AfterwewatchgoodnewsonTV,wemightconsidertheworldisasgoodasbeforeC)WemightregardtheworldasworsethanwedidafterwewatchgoodnewsD)Afterwewatchgoodnews,wewillprobablydealwithmorebloodypersons31.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat___B_______A)violenceonTVleadstomoreviolenceonthestreetsB)broadcastersshouldemphasizegoodnewsratherthanbadnewsC)theworldisadirtierplacethanweassumeittobeD)peoplearemorecompetitivewhentheyarefacedwithchallengesPassageTwoLaurawalkedtowardstheman."Itisterriblycold,"shesaid."Colderthanever,"themansaid."Nowtellmewhatthehellyouwant."HestaredatLauraforafewseconds,andthengrinned."Maybeyou'dliketocomeinsideandwarmup.""No.No,Idon'twanttocomein."Shetookadeepbreath."Ijustwantedtoknowifyou'reinterestedinsellingyourdog.""Thatworthlessmutt?"Themanpointedtoadogintheyardandlaughedforafewseconds,thensuddenlystopped."Iwasjustjokingabouttheworthlesspart.He'saprettygooddog.Yeah,Imightbeinterested.""Well,he'sthekindofdogI'mlookingfor,anditdoesn'tlooktomelikeyou'retoofondofhim.Imeanhe'stiedupoutside.Idon'tseeanyfoodorwater.""Youjustwaitaminute.Itakegoodcareofthatdog.TheguyIgothimfromsaidhewasatrainedguarddog.Troubleisthestupidthingdoesn'tevenbarkwhenstrangerscomearound.ButthenIguessthatwouldn'tmattertoyou.You'reprobablyjustlookingforapet,huh?""Yeah,wellhere'syourchancetogetridofhim.I'llgiveyoutwentydollars."Hesnorted(哼著鼻子說(shuō))."Youexpectmetosellapurebredguarddogfortwentydollars?Fiftydollars.That'smyprice.Youbringmefiftydollars,honey,andyougotyourselfadog."Themansmiled."Sureyoudon'twanttocomein?"Laurashookherhead."I'llbebackwiththemoney."Breakfastforgotten,shesearchedforandfoundacashmachinefourblocksaway.Ican'taffordthis,shethoughtasshepunchedthenumbersintothemachine.Thedogwillneedavet(獸醫(yī))andwhereamIgoingtogetthemoneyforthat?Herfearsfaded(消退)asshepicturedthedog,curledup,notoutsideonthecold,hardground,butinfrontofaglowingfireplace.Blueceramicbowlsfilledwithfoodandwatersatinthecornerofthekitchen,andshesawhim,headheldhigh,matchingherstride(大步)ontheirdailywalk.Withthemoneyinherpurseshehurriedbacktotheman'shouse.32.WhydidLaurawalkuptotheman?BA）Toaskhimwhereshecouldbuyapet.B）Toseeifshecouldbuyhisdog.C）Togivehimamorninggreeting.D）Toaskhimtoletherinandwarmup.33.Forwhatpurposehadthemanboughtthedog?AA）Toprotecthishome.B）Togetridofhisloneliness.C）Tobreedpetdogs.D）Tomakemoney.34.WhenLauralefthomeinthemorning,shewasmostprobablygoing___B_____.A）totakeawalkB）togetherbreakfastC）togetsomecashD）tobuytheman'sdog35.Judgingfromthepassage,Laurais___B_____.A）averyrichladyB）aratherpoorgirlC）ananimalprotectionistD）asocialworker36.Thegirlthoughtthemandidn’tlikethedogbecause____A_____.A)shesawthedogwastiedupoutsideinsuchacolddaywithoutwaterorfoodB)sheknewthedogdidn’tbarkatstrangersC)sheimmediatelyknewthedogwasaworthlessmuttatthesightofitD)themanwantedverymuchtosellit.37.HowcomeLaura’sworryaboutmoneyfaded?AA)Thedogwillleadahappylifeunderhergoodcare.B)Shewillsoongetagoodjobandearnmoneytopaythevet.C)Shewillhaveaguarddogbesideherasshetakesawalk.D)She’sgotthemoneyinherpursetopayforthepetshedesired.PassageThreeAlthoughThomasJeffersondidnotbegintheeffortofdesigningtheUniversityofVirginiauntillateinhislife,theeducationofthecommonmanhadoccupiedhisthoughtsfordecades.Hebelievedignorance(無(wú)知)tobetheenemyoffreedom,andhewantedtocorrectwhatheconsideredtobetheweaknessesofeducationalinstitutions(機(jī)構(gòu))modeledonEuropeansettings.Heimaginedthatan"academicalvillage"aroundatree-linedlawnwouldprovideanidealsettinginwhichtopursuehighereducation.ThecenterofsuchavillagewouldbeaTempleofKnowledgethatwouldhousetheuniversitylibrary.WhenVirginiadecidedtosetupastateuniversityin1818,theretiredU.S.Presidentfinallywasabletodevotehistalent,time,andenergytocreatingthisnewkindofeducationalinstitution.Bythetimehewasfinishedwithhisdesign,JeffersonhadinventedanentirelynewAmericansettingforhighereducation:thecollegecampus.In1812,Jeffersonchosetobeginbuildinghis"academicalvillage,"theUniversityofVirginia,inCharlottesville,VA,farawayfromthecitycenter.Heintendedthisspottopromotelearningbecauseitwasnaturalandunspoiled,andfarfromanythingthatcoulddistractorharmthestudents.TheUniversityconsistsoftworowsofhouses,fiveoneachside,leadingtoamainbuilding.Thismainbuilding,theRotunda,becamethemostimportantpartoftheUniversity,becauseitcontainedthelibrary.Byfocusinghisentireinstitutiononthelibrary,insteadofaroundthechurch,JeffersonrevolutionizedAmericanuniversityarchitecture.Jefferson'saimwastocreateanewinstitutionalformforhisidealeducationalsystem,asystemhethoughtshouldgiveeverycitizentheinformationheneedsforcarryingouthisdailybusiness.Thisnewapproachtocitizenshipandeducationdemandedanewtypeofuniversity,onewherestudentsandprofessorscouldcoexistandshareideas.Heattemptedtocreatethisenvironmentbycombiningtheprofessors'housesandstudents'classrooms,andlinkingallthebuildingswithcoveredwalkwayssointellectualexchangesbetweendepartmentscouldgoonsmoothly.Jeffersonhadalsorecognizedtheimportanceofthestudents'wholelife,andgivenmuchthoughtandplanningtothestudents'dining,living,andexercisefacilities(設(shè)施).38.Jeffersondevotedmuchofhisthoughttotheeducationofthecommonmanbecausehebelieved___C____.A）everyonewholovedfreedomhatedignoranceB）acountrycouldnotbestrongwithouteducationC）anuneducatedmancouldnotgainfullfreedomD）EuropeaneducationalinstitutionsdidnotsuitAmerica39.AccordingtoJefferson,thecenterofauniversityshouldbe____B___.A）thechurchB）thelibraryC）thelawnD）theclassrooms40.JeffersonchosetolocatetheUniversityofVirginiafarawayfromthecitycenterbecause__D___.A）landinthecitycentercouldnotbefoundB）therewasatree-linedlawnthereC）thiswasaEuropeantraditionD）therewasnodistractionforthestudents41.InJefferson'sview,anidealeducationalsystemshould___B_____.A）beoneunderwhicheverycitizenenjoysequalopportunityB）giveeveryonetheinformationheneedsforconductinghisbusinessC）ensurethateveryonehasachancetoenteraninstitutionofhigherlearningD）providestudentswithanaturalandunspoiledsettingforlearning42.WhywastheuniversitydesignedbyJeffersonanentirelynewAmericansettingforhighereducation,accordingtothepassage?DA)Becauseitwasfarawayfromthecitycenter.B)BecausethemainbuildingwasthelibraryinsteadofthechurchC)Becausetherewasanewenvironmentwherestudentsandprofessorscouldcoexistandshareideas.D)Alloftheabove.43.WhatwasmadeeasybytherevolutionizedAmericancampus?BA)Student’slearning.B)Intellectualexchange.C)Professors’teachingD)Bothstudents’andprofessors’life.PartIIICloseWhydon’tbirdsgetlostontheirlongflights?Experimentsshowedthatbirdsdepend44Cthesuntoguidethemduringdaylight45B.Butwhataboutbirdsthatflymainlybynight?Testswithartificialstarshaveprovedthatnight-flyingbirdsareabletofollowthestarsintheir46Cflights.Onesuchbird,awarbler,had47Ditslifetimeinacageandneverhasflownundera48Asky.Yetitshowedagreatabilitytousestarsforguidance.WhenthebirdscageB49under