生物化學(xué)（英文版）智慧樹知到課后章節(jié)答案2023年下吉林醫(yī)藥學(xué)院吉林醫(yī)藥學(xué)院

第一章測(cè)試

Attheisoelectricpoint,thenetchargeoftheproteinmoleculeis0.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

Alltheproteinshavequaternarystructure.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)

Theprincipleofsaltprecipitation,precipitationofproteinsis(

)

A:BindingofproteinstoforminsolubleproteinsaltB:AdjusttheisoelectricpointoftheproteinsolutionC:ToneutralizethechargeanddestroythehydrationshellD:LoweringthedielectricconstantoftheproteinsolutionE:Denatureproteins

答案:Toneutralizethechargeanddestroythehydrationshell

Themainchemicalbondthatmaintainsthealpha-helicalstructureoftheproteinis(

)

A:peptidebondB:HydrogenbondingbetweensidechainsC:DisulfidebondD:HydrogenbondingbetweenpeptidebondatomsE:Saltkey

答案:Hydrogenbondingbetweenpeptidebondatoms

Theadvancedstructureoftheproteindependson(

)

A:HydrogenbondsinproteinpeptidechainsB:PeptideunitsinproteinpeptidechainsC:PeptidebondplaneinproteinpeptidechainD:PeptidebondsinproteinpeptidechainsE:Aminoacidcompositionandsequenceinproteinpeptidechains

答案:Aminoacidcompositionandsequenceinproteinpeptidechains

Thephysicalandchemicalpropertiessharedbyproteinsandaminoacidsare:(

)

A:PrecipitationpropertiesB:AmphotericDissociationC:DenaturedpropertiesD:PolymerpropertiesE:Colloidalproperties

答案:AmphotericDissociation

Thepropertiesofdenaturedproteinsare(

)

A:EasytobehydrolyzedbyproteaseB:SolubilitydropssignificantlyC:precipitationD:SolidificationE:Lossofbiologicalactivity

答案:Easytobehydrolyzedbyprotease;Solubilitydropssignificantly;Lossofbiologicalactivity

Proteindenaturationisbecause(

)

A:DisulfidebondcleavageB:PeptidebondcleavageC:SubunitdepolymerizationD:ThehydrationmembraneisdestroyedandthechargeisneutralizedE:Hydrogenbondisdestroyed

答案:Disulfidebondcleavage;Subunitdepolymerization;Hydrogenbondisdestroyed

Primarystructureofprotein(

)

A:α-helixandβ-sheetarethemajorconformationsofitB:referstoaminoacidsequenceC:IsthebasisofspatialstructureD:ItdoesnotincludedisulfidebondE:Itmainlydependsonpeptidebondtomaintainstability

答案:referstoaminoacidsequence;Isthebasisofspatialstructure;Itmainlydependsonpeptidebondtomaintainstability

Whichofthefollowingareacidaminoacids?(

)

A:ArginineB:AspartateC:GlutamateD:AlanineE:Lysine

答案:Aspartate;Glutamate

第二章測(cè)試

TmisdirectlyrelatedtotheGCcontentofDNAandionicstrength.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

rRNAisthesiteforproteinbiosynthesis.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

InaDNAmolecule,ifthemolarratioofAis17.2%,themolarratioofCshouldbe(

)

A:50.3%B:17.2％C:67.2％D:32.8％E:65.6％

答案:32.8％

ThekeypartofDNAmoleculetostoreandtransmitgeneticinformationis(

)

A:basesequenceB:phosphatediesterbondC:PentoseconformationD:pentosephosphateskeletonE:baserotationangle

答案:basesequence

TheforcetomaintainthelateralstabilityofDNAdoublehelixis(

)

A:disulfidebondB:phosphodiesterbondC:BasepackingforceD:InternalscrewdrainageE:hydrogenbondbetweenbasepairs

答案:hydrogenbondbetweenbasepairs

What'swrongwithnucleicacidhybridization(

)

A:RNADNAhybridchaincanbesynthesizedbyreversetranscriptionusingmRNAastemplateB:DNAsinglestrandcanhybridizewithRNAstrandwithalmostthesamecomplementarybaseC:TwosinglestrandedDNAfromdifferentsourcescanbehybridizedaslongassomebasesarecomplementaryD:Usingmolecularhybridization,thetargetgenecanbefishedfromgenelibraryE:mRNAcanbehybridizedwiththeencodedpolypeptidechain

答案:mRNAcanbehybridizedwiththeencodedpolypeptidechain

ThechangesinDNAdenaturationare:(

)

A:HydrogenchainbreakinganddoublehelixstructurebreakingbetweenchainsB:ViscosityincreaseC:covalentbondfractureD:hyperchromiceffect

答案:Hydrogenchainbreakinganddoublehelixstructurebreakingbetweenchains;hyperchromiceffect

Thehistonesthatmakeupthecoreparticleofnucleosomeare(

)

A:H2AB:H1C:H4D:H2BE:H3

答案:H2A;H4;H2B;H3

AsforthedescriptionofrRNA,itiscorrectto(

)

A:Shortesthalf-lifeB:NosecondarystructureC:It'sthemostabundantRNAinthecellD:ContainingmorerarebasesE:Largeandsmallsubunitsthatcancombinewithproteinstoformribosomes

答案:It'sthemostabundantRNAinthecell;Largeandsmallsubunitsthatcancombinewithproteinstoformribosomes

Thebiologicalfunctionsofnucleotidesinvivoinclude(

)

A:SomenucleotidesareallostericeffectorsofallostericenzymesB:AscytoskeletonC:SomenucleotidescanbeusedassecondmessengersofhormonesD:RawmaterialsfornucleicacidsynthesisinvivoE:Somenucleotidesarethedirectenergysuppliersintheorganism

答案:Somenucleotidesareallostericeffectorsofallostericenzymes;Somenucleotidescanbeusedassecondmessengersofhormones;Rawmaterialsfornucleicacidsynthesisinvivo;Somenucleotidesarethedirectenergysuppliersintheorganism

第三章測(cè)試

Vitaminsareaclassofhighmolecularorganiccompounds

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

Toomuchortoolittlefat-solublevitamincancausedisease

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

VitaminAdeficiencycancause(

)

A:cataractB:albinismC:chondropathyD:colorblindnessE:Nightblindness

答案:Nightblindness

Thevitaminscontainingmetalelementsare(

)

A:vitaminB2B:vitaminB6C:VitaminB1D:vitaminCE:vitaminB12

答案:vitaminB12

Thecoenzymesofα–ketoacidsdecarboxylasecomefrom(

)

A:vitaminB6B:vitaminB2C:vitaminCD:VitaminB1E:vitaminB12

答案:VitaminB1

Asforthecorrespondingrelationshipbetweenvitaminsandtheiractiveforms,thewrongoneis(

)

A:VitaminB1-TPPB:nicotinamide-NAD+C:vitaminPP-CoAD:Folicacid-FH4E:vitaminB2-FAD

答案:vitaminPP-CoA

Thefatsolublevitaminsare(

)

A:vitaminEB:VitaminDC:vitaminBD:vitaminCE:VitaminA

答案:vitaminE;VitaminD;VitaminA

VitaminDdeficiencycancause(

)

A:kidneystoneB:ricketsC:osteochondrosisD:cretinismE:nightblindness

答案:rickets;osteochondrosis

Whichofthefollowingaretheactiveformsofpantothenicacid(

)

A:CoAB:FADC:ACPD:FH4E:NAD+

答案:CoA;ACP

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutvitaminsiswrong(

)

A:ItcanbeusedascoenzymetoparticipateinmetabolismB:ThehumanbodycannotsynthesizeitselfC:TissuecomponentsthatdonotformthebodyD:OxidizableenergysupplyE:Itisakindoflowmolecularweightorganiccompounds

答案:Thehumanbodycannotsynthesizeitself;Oxidizableenergysupply

第四章測(cè)試

ThehighertheKmvalueoftheenzyme,thelowertheaffinitytosubstrate.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)

Alltheenzymeshavecoenzymesorprostheticgroups.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

Thedifferencebetweencoenzymeandprostheticgroupis(

)

A:differentphysicalandchemicalpropertiesB:DifferentbindingdegreewithenzymeproteinC:ContainingdifferentmetalionsD:DifferentchemicalessenceE:differentbiologicalproperties

答案:Differentbindingdegreewithenzymeprotein

Whatdeterminesthespecificityofenzymaticreactionsis(

)

A:coenzymeB:cofactorC:prostheticgroupD:WholeenzymeE:enzymeprotein

答案:enzymeprotein

Themechanismofenzymaticreactionis(

)

A:reducetheactivationenergyofthereactionB:increasethefreeenergyofthereactionC:IncreasetheheatenergyofthesubstrateD:reducethefreeenergyofthereactionE:decreasetheheatenergyoftheproduct

答案:reducetheactivationenergyofthereaction

Theinhibitionofsuccinatedehydrogenasebymalonicacidbelongsto(

)

A:competitiveinhibitionB:noncompetitiveinhibitionC:AnticompetitiveinhibitionD:feedbackinhibitionE:Irreversibleinhibition

答案:competitiveinhibition

WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutIsoenzymes(

)

A:ItcancatalyzethesamechemicalreactionB:generally,itisanoligoenzymeC:IthasdifferentphysicalandchemicalpropertiesD:Itcanexistindifferenttissuesofthesameindividual

答案:Itcancatalyzethesamechemicalreaction;generally,itisanoligoenzyme;Ithasdifferentphysicalandchemicalproperties;Itcanexistindifferenttissuesofthesameindividual

Thefunctionoftheessentialgroupintheenzymemoleculeis(

)

A:TochangethesubstratechemicallyB:toacceptprotonsorgroupsinareactionC:maintainingthespatialconformationofenzymeD:Bindingwithsubstrate

答案:Tochangethesubstratechemically;toacceptprotonsorgroupsinareaction;maintainingthespatialconformationofenzyme;Bindingwithsubstrate

Covalentmodificationsofenzymesinclude(

)

A:MethylationanddemethylationB:PhosphorylationanddephosphorylationC:acetylationanddeacetylationD:adenosylationanddeadenylation

答案:Methylationanddemethylation;Phosphorylationanddephosphorylation;acetylationanddeacetylation;adenosylationanddeadenylation

Thecharacteristicsofnoncompetitiveinhibitionare(

)

A:ThestructureofinhibitorandsubstrateisnotsimilarB:thedegreeofinhibitiondependsontheconcentrationofinhibitorC:thebindingoftheenzymetotheinhibitordoesnotaffectitsbindingtothesubstrateD:Thebindingoftheinhibitortotheactivecenteroftheenzyme

答案:Thestructureofinhibitorandsubstrateisnotsimilar;thedegreeofinhibitiondependsontheconcentrationofinhibitor;thebindingoftheenzymetotheinhibitordoesnotaffectitsbindingtothesubstrate

第五章測(cè)試

Ubiquinoneisnotcontainedinanyrespiratorychaincomplex.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

RespiratorychaincomplexIIisthecouplingsiteofoxidativephosphorylation.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)

Thereducedformofflavinadeninedinucleotideis(

)

A:FADB:FADH

C:FADH2D:FADH++

答案:FADH2

WhattypeofgradientiscriticaltoATPformationbyoxidativephosphorylation?

A:chlorideionB:protonC:sodiumionD:potassiumion

答案:proton

Whichofthefollowingdoesnotparticipatein,norisacomponentof,theelectron-transportchain?

A:coenzymeAB:NADHC:cytochromec1D:coenzymeQE:non-heme,iron-sulfurproteins

答案:coenzymeA

Inthemalate-aspartateshuttle,electronsfromNADHaretransferredto

,formingmalate.

A:aspartateB:glutamateC:oxaloacelateD:acetate

答案:oxaloacelate

Choosethecorrectpathtakenbyapairofelectronsasittravelsdowntheelectron-transportchain.

A:FADH2→complexII→CoQ→complexIII→Cytc→complexIV→O2B:FADH2→complexI→CoQ→complexIII→Cytc→complexIV→O2C:NADH→complexI→CoQ→complexIII→Cytc→complexIV→O2D:NADH→complexI→complexII→complexIII→Cytc→complexIV→O2

答案:FADH2→complexII→CoQ→complexIII→Cytc→complexIV→O2;NADH→complexI→CoQ→complexIII→Cytc→complexIV→O2

Factorsaffectingoxidativephosphorylationinclude:(

)

A:thyroxine

B:amiodaroneC:ADP/ATPD:uncouplingagent

答案:thyroxine

;amiodarone;ADP/ATP;uncouplingagent

ATPsynthase:(

)

A:F1isthehydrophobicpartoftheenzymeB:F1catalyzestheproductionandreleaseofATPC:Itiscomposedoftwoparts,F1andF0D:F0istheprotonchannelofmitochondrialinnermembrane

答案:F1catalyzestheproductionandreleaseofATP;Itiscomposedoftwoparts,F1andF0;F0istheprotonchannelofmitochondrialinnermembrane

Theincreaseofbasalmetabolicrateinpatientswithhyperthyroidismismainlydueto:(

)

A:increasedATPproductionB:IncreasedATPdecompositionC:IncreaseofADPdecompositionD:increaseofADPgeneration

答案:increasedATPproduction;IncreasedATPdecomposition

第六章測(cè)試

Aerobicoxidationisthemajorprocesstoprovideenergyformosttissues.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)

Anaerobicoxidationcannotbecarriedoutunderaerobicconditions.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

Whichofthefollowingisanenergy-requiringstepofglycolysis?

A:PhosphohexoseisomeraseB:PyruvatekinaseC:PhosphoglyceratekinaseD:GlucokinaseE:Lactatedehydrogenase

答案:Glucokinase

Whichofthefollowingareprimarysubstratesforgluconeogenesis?

A:SucroseandlactoseB:GlycerolandalanineC:Acetyl-CoAandsuccinyl-CoAD:GalactoseandfructoseE:GTPandbiotin

答案:Glycerolandalanine

Whenglycogenissynthesized,thedirectdonorofglucosegroupis(

)

A:glucose-1-phosphateB:glucose-6-phosphateC:CDPGD:UDPGE:GDPG

答案:UDPG

HowmuchATPcanbeproducedby1-acetyl-coathroughtheTCAcycle?

A:14B:16C:18D:10E:12

答案:10

Whichofthefollowingpathwayareonlycarriedoutincytoplasm?

A:glycolysisB:gluconeogenesisC:glycogensynthesisD:pentosephosphatepathway

答案:glycolysis;glycogensynthesis;pentosephosphatepathway

Thehormonesthatraisebloodsugarare(

)

A:adrenaline

B:glucocorticoid

C:parathyroidhormoneD:glucagon

答案:adrenaline

;glucocorticoid

;parathyroidhormone;glucagon

ApproximatelyhowmanyATPcanbeproducedduringthecompletelyoxidationofoneglucose(

)

A:30B:32C:36D:10

答案:30;32

Thephysiologicalfunctionsofpentosephosphatepathwayinclude(

)

A:supplypentosephosphateB:Provide4CcompoundsC:supply3CcompoundsD:provideNADPH+H+

答案:supplypentosephosphate;Provide4Ccompounds;supply3Ccompounds;provideNADPH+H+

第七章測(cè)試

HMG-CoAlyaseisthekeyenzymeintheformationofketonebodies.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

PhospholipasesoftheAtyperemoveoneofthetwofattyacidsintheglycerophospholipid,producingalysophospholipid.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

Thehormone

induceslipolysis,whereasthehormone

inhibitstheprocess

A:insulin;norepinephrineB:glucagon;epinephrineC:glucagon;insulinD:epinephrine;adrenocorticotropichormoneE:epinephrine;glucagon

答案:glucagon;insulin

Therawmaterialsforfattyacidsynthesisare(

)

A:acetylcoenzymeAandNADH+H+B:malonylcoenzymeAandCO2C:acetylcoenzymeAandNADPH+H+D:acetylcoenzymeAandCO2E:malonylcoenzymeAandNADH+H+

答案:acetylcoenzymeAandNADPH+H+

Whichofthefollowingstepisnottheprocessofβ-oxidationoffattyacid?

A:carboxylationB:redehydrogenationC:dehydrogenationD:hydrationE:thiolysis

答案:carboxylation

Themainreasonthatketonebodycan'tbeoxidizedintheliveristhelackof

A:HMGCoAsynthetaseB:succinylCoAtransferaseC:β-hydroxybutyratedehydrogenaseD:HMGCoAlyaseE:HMGCoAreductase

答案:succinylCoAtransferase

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutketonesarecorrect?

A:ketonebodiesformationisanimportantwayforlivertooutputenergyB:starvationcancausetheincreaseofketonebodiesinthebodyC:ketonebodiesincludeacetoacetate,β-hydroxybutyricacidandacetoneD:ketonebodiescanbeoxidizedintheliver

答案:ketonebodiesformationisanimportantwayforlivertooutputenergy;starvationcancausetheincreaseofketonebodiesinthebody;ketonebodiesincludeacetoacetate,β-hydroxybutyricacidandacetone

Cholesterolcanbetransformedinto(

)

A:vitaminD3B:bilirubinC:bileacidD:CO2

andH2O

答案:vitaminD3;bileacid

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutCM?

A:LPLhydrolyzestriglyceridesinCMB:transportexogenoustriglyceridesC:synthesizedinhepatocytesD:Transportofendogenoustriglycerides

答案:LPLhydrolyzestriglyceridesinCM;transportexogenoustriglycerides

Theco-factorsneededintheprocessoffattyacidβ-oxidationare:(

)

A:NADP+B:NAD+C:FADD:CoASH

答案:NAD+;FAD;CoASH

第八章測(cè)試

Nitrogenbalanceisthemeasureofthesituationofproteinmetabolism.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)

SAMisthetransportcarrierofonecarbonunits.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

Intheureacycle,thesecondnitrogenofureaentersthecycleintheformofwhichofthefollowingmetabolites?

A:ornithineB:alanineC:aspartateD:arginineE:glutamine

答案:aspartate

Themainpathwayofaminoaciddeaminationinorganismis(

)

A:transdeaminationB:transaminationC:reductivedeaminationD:directdeaminationE:oxidativedeamination

答案:transdeamination

Themainsourceofbloodammoniais(

)

A:releasedfromthedecompositionofaminesinthebodyB:producedbyproteinputrefactionC:producedbyhydrolysisofglutamineatthedistalendofrenaltubuleD:producedbyaminoaciddeaminationE:producedbyureaundertheactionofintestinalbacteriaurease

答案:producedbyaminoaciddeamination

Albinismresultsfromageneticlackof(

)

A:homogentisateoxidaseB:p-hydroxyphenylalanineoxidaseC:TyrosinetransaminaseD:phenylalaninehydroxylaseE:tyrosinase

答案:tyrosinase

Themaintransportationformsofammoniabetweentissuesare(

)

A:alanineB:NH4ClC:ureaD:glutamine

答案:alanine;glutamine

Themetabolicroutesoftheα–ketoacidsremovedfromaminoacidsbydeaminationcontain(

)

A:beconvertedintononessentialaminoacidsB:beconvertedintoglucoseC:beconvertedintofatD:beoxidizedandprovideenergy

答案:beconvertedintononessentialaminoacids;beconvertedintoglucose;beconvertedintofat;beoxidizedandprovideenergy

Themainformsofonecarbonunitare(

)

A:-CHO-B:-CH=NH-C:-CH3D:-CH2-

答案:-CHO-;-CH=NH-;-CH3;-CH2-

Glutamateplaysanimportantroleinproteinmetabolismbecause:(

)

A:participateinthesynthesisofureaB:participateinthemetabolismofonecarbonunitC:participateintransaminationD:participateinthestorageandutilizationofammonia

答案:participateintransamination;participateinthestorageandutilizationofammonia

第九章測(cè)試

Amongthefinaldegradedproductsofnucleicacids,basescannotbeabsorbedinintestine.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

Deoxyribonucleotidesareformedbythereductionofthe2'-hydroxylgroupoftheribosemoietyatribonucleosidediphosphatelevel.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

HowmanyATPmoleculesarenecessarytomakecarbamoylphosphatebycarbamoylphosphatesynthetase?

A:1B:4C:3D:2

答案:2

Allopurinolisusedtotreatgoutandisaninhibitoroftheenzyme(s)

(

)

A:xanthinehydrolaseB:xanthineoxidaseC:hypoxanthine-guaninephosphoribosyltransferase

答案:xanthineoxidase

Whichofthefollowingtissuesynthesizepurinenucleotidesmainlybysalvagepathway(

)

A:myocardiumB:skeletalmuscleC:liverD:bonemarrowE:kidney

答案:bonemarrow

Lesch-Nyhansyndromeisduetoalackofbody(

)

A:thioredoxinreductaseB:HGPRTC:adenosinekinaseD:APRTE:ribonucleotidereductase

答案:HGPRT

Therawmaterialsfordenovosynthesisofpurinenucleotidesinclude:(

)

A:CO2B:onecarbonunitC:ribosephosphateD:glutamineandaspartate

答案:CO2;onecarbonunit;ribosephosphate;glutamineandaspartate

PRPPisinvolvedinthefollowingmetabolicpathways(

)

A:thesalvagepathwayofpurinenucleotidesB:thedenovosynthesisofpurinenucleotidesC:thedenovosynthesisofnucleotidesD:NMP→NDP→NTP

答案:thesalvagepathwayofpurinenucleotides;thedenovosynthesisofpurinenucleotides;thedenovosynthesisofnucleotides

Whichofthefollowingcompoundshavethefeedbackinhibitioneffectonpurinenucleotidesynthesis(

)

A:GMPB:uricacidC:AMPD:IMP

答案:GMP;AMP;IMP

Theproductsofpyrimidinenucleotidecatabolismare(

)

A:aminoacidB:uricacidC:CO2D:NH3

答案:aminoacid;CO2;NH3

第十章測(cè)試

AllDNApolymerasescanonlyaddnucleotidestoapreexistingstrandwithafree3'-hydroxylgroup.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

IntheprocessofDNAbiosynthesis,leadingstrandissynthesizedinthe5'to3',andthelaggingstrandissynthesizedinthe3'to5'.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)

TheprimersinDNAreplicationare(

)

A:DNAfragmentssynthesizedwithRNAastemplateB:RNAfragmentsynthesizedwithDNAastemplateC:DNAfragmentssynthesizedwithDNAastemplateD:RNAfragmentssynthesizedwithRNAastemplateE:PrimersstillexistintheDNAstrandafterreplication

答案:RNAfragmentsynthesizedwithDNAastemplate

TherawmaterialsforDNAsynthesisare(

)

A:dADPdGDPdCDPdTDPB:AMPGMPCMPUMPC:ATPGTPCTPUTPD:dATPdGTPdCTPdTTPE:dAMPdGMPdCMPdTMP

答案:dATPdGTPdCTPdTTP

What'swrongaboutE.coliDNApolymeraseⅢ(

)

A:ItisanasymmetricdimercomposedofmanysubunitsB:cancatalyzetheconnectionofdNTPtothe5′-hydroxyterminalofDNAfragmentC:catalyzestheconnectionofdNTPtotheprimerchainD:playsamajorroleinstrandelongationofDNAreplicationE:fourdifferentdNTPsareneededassubstrates

答案:cancatalyzetheconnectionofdNTPtothe5′-hydroxyterminalofDNAfragment

Okazakifragmentrefersto(

)

A:DNAsynthesizedbyDNAligaseB:DNAfragmentssynthesizedonthelaggingstrandC:DNAfragmentonDNAtemplateD:DNAfragmentssynthesizedontheleadingstrandE:RNAfragmentsynthesizedbyprimerenzyme

答案:DNAfragmentssynthesizedonthelaggingstrand

DNAtemplatescanbeuseddirectlyfor(

)

A:transcriptionB:translationC:reversetranscriptionD:DNAreplication

答案:transcription;DNAreplication

CharacteristicsofDNAreplicationcontain(

)

A:semi-conservativereplicationB:bi-directionalreplicationC:RNAprimerrequiredD:semi-discontinuousreplication

答案:semi-conservativereplication;bi-directionalreplication;semi-discontinuousreplication

ThephysiologicalfunctionsofsinglestrandDNAbindingprotein(SSB)include(

)

A:preventDNAsinglestrandfromformingdoublehelixB:participateinDNAreplicationC:playtherolerepeatedlyD:preventsinglechaintemplatefrombeinghydrolyzedbynuclease

答案:preventDNAsinglestrandfromformingdoublehelix;participateinDNAreplication;playtherolerepeatedly;preventsinglechaintemplatefrombeinghydrolyzedbynuclease

ThefunctionsofligaseinDNAreplicationinclude(

)

A:ATPorNAD+

isrequiredtoparticipateintheconnectionreactionB:participateinthegenerationoflaggingstrandC:ItcatalyzestheconnectionofadjacentDNAsegmentswith3′,5′-phosphodiesterbondD:Inthecatalyticreaction,theintermediateisfirstformedwithATP

答案:ATPorNAD+

isrequiredtoparticipateintheconnectionreaction;participateinthegenerationoflaggingstrand;ItcatalyzestheconnectionofadjacentDNAsegmentswith3′,5′-phosphodiesterbond;Inthecatalyticreaction,theintermediateisfirstformedwithATP

第十一章測(cè)試

TheσsubunitofRNApolymeraseisresponsibleforrecognizingthegenepromotersinprokaryoticcells.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

Duringtranscription,onlyonestrandofDNAisusedastemplate.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

ThemRNAproducedbytranscriptioninprokaryotesis(

)

A:intron

B:insertronC:monocistronD:spacersequencesE:polycistron

答案:polycistron

IntheDNAdoublestrand,thestrandthatguidesthesynthesisofRNAiscalled(

)

A:non-codingchainB:templatechainC:meaningfulchainD:codingchain

答案:templatechain

ThepromoterwhichcanberecognizedbyRNApolymerasewholeenzymeislocated(

)

A:atdownstreamoftranscriptionstartsiteB:inthetranscriptionregionofstructuralgeneC:intheuntranscriptionspacerregionvvvvvvvvvvvvvD:atupstreamoftranscriptionstartsite

答案:atupstreamoftranscriptionstartsite

Whichofthefollowingisnotastructuralcomponentofatranscriptionbubbleinprokaryotes(

)

A:DNAtemplatechainB:RNApolymeraseC:DNAcodingchainD:newlygeneratedRNAchainE:transcriptionfactor

答案:transcriptionfactor

ThesubstancesneededforRNAbiosynthesisare(

)

A:NTPB:primerC:DNAtemplateD:DNApol

答案:NTP;DNAtemplate;DNApol

Intronmeans(

)

A:noncodingsequenceB:hnRNAC:templateforproteinsynthesisD:RNAsequenceremovedinsplicing

答案:noncodingsequence;RNAsequenceremovedinsplicing

ThefunctionsofE.coliRNA-polinclude(

)

A:determinewhichgenesaretranscribedB:catalyzethepolymerizationofNTPsC:identifythestartingpointD:bindingDNAtemplate

答案:determinewhichgenesaretranscribed;catalyzethepolymerizationofNTPs;identifythestartingpoint;bindingDNAtemplate

Whichofthefollowingmoleculesaretheproductsoftranscription(

)

A:mRNAB:rRNAC:cDNAD:rDNA

答案:mRNA;rRNA

第十二章測(cè)試

Intheproteinbiosynthesis,tRNAmoleculesactsasadaptermoleculesthatrecognizebothaspecificnucleotidesequenceandaspecificaminoacid.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

Onegeneticcodononlyencodesforoneaminoacid,andeachaminoacidisspecifiedbyonecodon.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)

heenzymethatcatalyzestRNAtocarryaminoacidsis（

）

A:proteinsynthetaseB:ATPaseC:aminoacyl-tRNAsynthetaseD:esteraseE:aminoacyltRNAhydrolase

答案:aminoacyl-tRNAsynthetase

Thenumberofcodonsencoding20aminoacidsis（

）

A:86B:61C:64D:20E:24

答案:61

Theprocessoftranslationinitiationcomplexformationexcluds（

）

A:recruitmentofinitialtRNAB:ribosomalsubunitsdissociationC:bindingoflargesubunitD:mRNAislocatedinsmallsubunitE:aminoacidactivation

答案:aminoacidactivation

Howmanytranslationinitiationfactorsinprokaryote?

A:2speciesB:4speciesC:5speciesD:3speciesE:10species

答案:3species

Attheendofpeptidesynthesis,theroleofRFisto（

）

A:recognizethestopcodonsB:promotethereleaseofpeptidechainfromribosomeC:causepeptidyltransferasetobecomeanesteraseD:releasemRNAfromribosome

答案:recognizethestopcodons;promotethereleaseofpeptidechainfromribosome;causepeptidyltransferasetobecomeanesterase

Prolongationofeachaminoacidresidueinthenewpeptidechainneed（

）

A:translocationB:formationofpeptidebondC:transportationD:registration

答案:translocation;formationofpeptidebond;registration

Whichofthefollowingsarethepropertiesofthegeneticcode?

A:degeneracyB:directionalityC:universalityD:wobble

答案:degeneracy;directionality;universality;wobble

Whichofthefollowingmoleculesareneededintranslationofeukaryotes?

A:eRFB:eIFC:eEFD:ATP

答案:eRF;eIF;eEF;ATP

第十三章測(cè)試

Bilirubinisonlysparinglysolubleinplasmaandwater,butintheplasmaitisprotein-bound,specificallytoalbumin.

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

Thebiotransformationofliverisactuallyakindofdetoxification.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

Whichofthefollowinggroupsofbileacidsareprimarybileacids（

）

A:cholicacid,deoxycholicacidB:taurocholate,deoxycholicacidC:glycocholicacid,cholicacidD:glycinechenodeoxycholicacid,taurinechenodeoxycholicacid

答案:glycinechenodeoxycholicacid,taurinechenodeoxycholicacid

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutbiotransformationiswrong（

）

A:ModificationofnonnutritivesubstancesinvivoB:reducingoreliminatingtheactivityofnonnutritivesubstancesC:liveristhemaintissueforbiotransformationD:ItcanincreasethesolubilityofnonnutrientsE:nonnutrientsareexcretedfrombileorurine

答案:reducingoreliminatingtheactivityofnonnutritivesubstances

Inbiotransformation,themostimportantenzymesinvolvedinoxidationare（

）

A:dioxygenaseB:hydrolas