知識點——“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】“介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句是我們學習定語從句的重點，也是高考的常考點。學習這種從句應注意以下幾點：1.

用于這種情況的關系代詞一般為which（指物）和whom（指人）。在這種結構中，介詞的選擇非常關鍵，可以遵循以下四個原則：“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】（1）根據定語從句中的謂語動詞確定介詞，其動詞與介詞搭配，構成動詞短語。例如：Is

this

the

car

for

which

you

paid

a

high

price?（pay

for）這是你花大價錢買的車嗎？In

the

dark

street,

there

wasn’t

a

single

personto

whom

she

could

turn

for

help.（turn

to

somebody

for

help）在黑暗的街上，她找不到一個人來幫助她。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】The

man

with

whom

you

shook

hands

just

now

is

ourEnglish

teacher.（shake

hands

with

sb.）剛才你和他握手的那個人是我們的英語老師。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】（2）根據定語從句中的形容詞確定介詞，其形容詞與介詞搭配，構成形容詞短語。The

two

things

about

which

Karl

Marx

was

not

surewere

the

grammar

and

some

of

the

idioms.

（be

sureabout）馬克思沒有把握的兩件事是：語法和習慣用法。The

teacher

with

whom

the

students

in

our

classare

popular

is

Mr.

Wang,

our

English

teacher.

（bepopular

with）在我們班，深受學生歡迎的是王老師－－我們的英語老師。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】（3）根據定語從句修飾的先行詞確定介詞，其先行詞往往是表示時間、地點、原因、方法、工具等的詞，它們與介詞之間有一定的聯系。當“介詞＋關系代詞”在定語從句中充當時間、地點、原因狀語時，可分別用when,

where,

why替換。例如：I’ll

never

forget

the

day

on

which

（=

when

）Ijoined

the

army.我永遠也忘不了我參軍的那一天。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】The

factory

in

which

（=

where）his

father

works

isfar

away

from

my

hometown.他父親工作的那家工廠離我們家鄉很遠。I

don’t

know

the

reason

for

which

（＝why）he

waslate

for

school.

我不知道他為何上學遲到。This

is

the

camera

with

which

he

often

takes

photos.這就是他經常用來拍照的相機。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】（4）根據句子的意思確定介詞。有些句子，先行詞完全一樣，定語從句中謂語動詞不是由固定的動詞短語構成的，這時，要根據句子所要表達的意思，選用不同的介詞。例如：This

is

the

pilot

for

whom

I

bought

a

camera.（意思是：I

bought

a

camera

for

the

pilot.

）這就是我給他買相機的那位飛行員。This

is

the

pilot

with

whom

my

brother

has

workedfor

ten

years.（意思是：My

brother

has

worked

with

the

pilot

forten

years.

）這就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位飛行“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】This

is

the

pilot

by

whom

my

son

was

saved.意思是：My

son

was

saved

by

this

pilot.

這就是救了我兒子的那位飛行員。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】2.

介詞若與從句中的動詞詞組有關，可前置于關系代詞前，也可置于動詞后，但若此介詞與動詞為固定詞組，則此介詞一般不前置。例如：Yesterday

we

paid

a

visit

to

the

house

in

which

LuXun

lived.→Yesterday

we

paid

a

visit

to

the

house

which

LuXun

lived

in.昨天，我們參觀了魯迅的故居。This

is

the

very

pen

that

I’m

look

for.（look for為固定詞組，則介詞for不可前置。）那就是我“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】3. 限定性定語從句中，介詞前置時，關系代詞不能用that，且不能省略；若介詞后置，則可以用that，也可以省略。例如：This

is

the

school

in

which

I

studied

3

years

ago.→This

is

the

school（which

/

that）I

studied

in

3years

ago.這就是三年前我學習的那所學校。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】4. 表示所屬關系時，介詞應用of，關系代詞為which

/whom， 即n.

+

of

+

which

/

whom，可轉換為whose+

n，例如：He

lives

in

a

room,

the

window

of

which

faces

west.→He

lives

in

a

room,

whose

window

faces

west.他住的房間，窗子向西開著。The

child

was

saved

by

a

man,

the

name

of

whom

wasnot

known.→The

child

was

saved

by

a

man,

whose

name

was

notknown.“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【一、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的用法】5.

表示整體中的一部分或……中最……的，介詞一般也用of。例如：The

Greens

have

two

daughters,

both

of

whom

arecollege

students.格林夫婦有兩個女兒，她們都是大學生。不要混淆：The

Greens

have

three

daughters,

and

twoof

them

are

students.China

has

many

rivers,

the

longest

of

which

is

theYangtze

River.中國有眾多河流，最長的是長江。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【二、練習題目】5.

表示整體中的一部分或……中最……的，介詞一般也用of。例如：The

Greens

have

two

daughters,

both

of

whom

arecollege

students.格林夫婦有兩個女兒，她們都是大學生。不要混淆：The

Greens

have

three

daughters,

and

twoof

them

are

students.China

has

many

rivers,

the

longest

of

which

is

theYangtze

River.中國有眾多河流，最長的是長江。“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【二、練習題目】1.In

the

dark

street,

there

wasn’t

a

singleperson

sheA.

thatwhomcould

turn

for

help.B.

whoD.to

whomancient

Chinese

vase,C.

from2.

Recently

I

bought

anwas

veryreasonable.A.

whichpriceB.

its

priceD.

the

price

ofC.

the

price

of

whichwhose3.The

journey

around

the

world

took

the

old“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句【二、練習題目】4.Human

facial

expressions

differfrom

animalsbe

controlledin

the

degree

they

canon

purpose.A.with

whichC.

of

whichfor

whichB.

to

whichD.5.

Lastmonth,

part

of

Southeast

Asia

was

struckby

floods,

from

effects

the

peoplstill

suffering.e

areThatB.whoset