2022-2023學年湖南省郴州市桃李中學高二英語下學期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Shelistenedattentivelywhilehepouredoutallhis____forthefuture.

A.attempts

B.congratulations

C.belief

D.ambition參考答案：D略2.Eastofourschool____twocompanies____makeelectricmotorbikes.A.are,that

B.is;where

C.is;that

D.are;where參考答案：A3.--Yousee,thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.--Notreally.Actuallyit_______.A.didn’t

B.mustn’t

C.hadn’t

D.wasn’t參考答案：A4.________aquestiontilltodaywhydinosaursdiedout.

A.Itleaves

B.Thereleaves

C.Itleaves

D.Itremains參考答案：D5..Thedoctoradvisedhertoeatmorebeanproducts____meatwhichmightbeharmfultoherheart.A.forlackof

B.bymeansof

C.inplaceof

D.infavorof參考答案：C6.Thereisagreatdealofevidence________thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentparts

ofthebrain.A.indicate

B.indicating C.toindicate

D.indicated參考答案：B7.Mypartnerwantstokeepthecompanysmall_____I’dliketoexpandit.

A.and B.or C.however D.while參考答案：D8.Accordingtothelawinourcity,themoney_____bedividedbetweenyoutwo.A.will B.should C.shall D.need參考答案：C【詳解】考查情態動詞。句意：根據我們城市的法律，這筆錢將由你們兩人平分。A.will將；B.should應該；C.shall將會；D.need需要。根據句意和thelaw可知這里表示“法律，法規”規定，用shall。故選C。9.---Lucy,readthisbookandI____thatyou’llbefondofit.---OK.I’llreaditafterIhavefinishedmyhomework.A.order

B.guarantee

C.prove

D.reveal參考答案：B10.It'srecommendedthatparents__theirchildrenunder12toridebicyclestoschoolforsafety.

A.shouldnotallow

B.donotallow

C.mustn'tallow

D.couldn'tallow參考答案：A略11.“Welldone,John!Notasinglemistake________inyourexampaperthistime!”saidtheteacher．A.youmade

B.didyoumake

C.hadyoumade

D.youhavemade參考答案：B12.——Whichisthecomputeryouwant_______?

——Theoneontheright.Atohaverepaired

Btohaveitrepaired

Citrepaired

Dtorepairit參考答案：A13.Itwillnotbe________wecanmeetagain.

A.longbefore

B.beforelong

C.soonafter

D.shortlyafter參考答案：A略14.

Who

would

you

like

_______

the

classroom?

A.

to

have

clean

B.

having

cleaned

C.

to

have

cleaned

D.

having

to

clean

參考答案：A15.Thedoctor______thepatientwithgreatcareandsaidtherewasnothingwrongwithhim.

A．tested

B．attended

C．examined

D．checked參考答案：C16.

______experienceitis!I’llneverforgetthedaysIspentintheforest.

A.Whatanexciting

BWhatanexcited

CＷｈat

excited參考答案：A二、完型填空17.ThereisonewordthatisoftenonthelipsofAmericans:“Sorry”.OnceasIwaswalking,ayoungmanranby___11___,brushingagainstmyhandbag.Evenashe___12___onhisway,heturnedbackandsaid“sorry”tome.Eveninarush,hedidn’tforgettoapologize.Oneday,

afterIboughtamango,thesalesmanwasgivingmethe___13___,butIwasn’treadyforitandacoin____14____totheground.“I’msorry,”hesaidwhilebendingdowntopickitup.Iwas___15___whywouldheapologizewhenitismy___16___?___17___time,Isteppedonaman’sfootinanelevator,andatthesametime,webothsaid“sorry”.

Ithoughtitinteresting---wasitreally___18___forhimtoapologize?Lateron,anAmericanfriend___19___tomethataccordingtotheAmericanmentality,theelevatorisa___20___place,andeveryoneshouldbeabletostandinit.Aftersomeone____21____apositioninit,makingitdifficultforsomeoneelsetofindaplacetostand,isn’titnecessarytoexpressan___22___?Ifyougotothemoviesandtheticketshappentobe___23___,theticketsellerwillsay,“Sorry.”Wheneveroneofyourhopesgoes___24___,anAmericanwillsay“sorry”asasignof____25____DuringmystayinAmerica,Igradually___26___thatwhenfriction(摩擦)appearsindailylife,Americansdon’tcaremuchaboutwhois____27____;Ifsomeoneis___28___,a“sorry”isalwaysnecessary.Whenthishappens,eveniftheotherpersonishurt,the“sorry”____29____angerandhumankindnessisshown.PerhapsthisiswhyI____30____sawanyonequarrelingonthebuses,subwaysorstreetsofAmerica.11.A.worriedly

B.slowly

C.cautiously

D.hurriedly12.A.continued

B.blocked

C.pushed

D.forced13.A.bargain

B.change

C.profit

D.product14.A.lay

B.tied

C.dropped

D.attached15.A.delighted

B.annoyed

C.puzzled

D.injured16.A.fault

B.duty

C.turn

D.debt17.A.Another

B.Other

C.Some

D.Any18.A.useful

B.necessary

C.difficult

D.easy19.A.complained.

B.announced

C.explained

D.appealed20.A.private

B.public

C.painful

D.noisy21.A.holds

B.books

C.removes

D.occupies22.A.explanation

B.apology

C.attitude

D.argument23.A.soldout

B.droppedout

C.brokenout

D.hungout24.A.disappointed

B.mistaken

C.true

D.unrealized25.A.encouragement

B.concern

C.pity

D.respect26.A.understood

B.imagined

C.remembered

D.guessed27.A.legal

B.wrong

C.fair

D.honest28.A.troubled

B.blamed

C.forgiven

D.replaced29.A.controls

B.protects

C.defends

D.cools30.A.always

B.sometimes

C.never

D.often參考答案：11.D

12.A

13.B

14.C

15.C

16.A

17.A

18.B

19.C

20.B

21.D

22.B

23.A

24.D

25.C

26.A

27.B

28.A

29.D

30.C【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在美國期間經歷的幾件事，以此來說明了美國人的禮貌，也引發了作者的感慨。他意識到：當在日常生活中發出摩擦的時候，人們不要去在乎事情是誰的過錯，一聲“對不起”會化解很多沖突?！?1題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.excitedly興奮地；B.hurriedly匆忙地；C.happily快樂地；D.hopefully有希望地。從句子ran和continuedon判斷這個年輕人很著急，是匆忙地趕路，故選D。【12題詳解】考查動詞。A.continued繼續；

B.blocked阻塞；

C.pushed推，擠；

D.forced強迫。由下文的Eveninarush,可知，Evenashe___2___onhisway,heturnedbackandsaid“sorry”tome.就在他繼續趕路的時候，他轉過身來對我說了聲“對不起”。故選A。【13題詳解】考查名詞。A.bargain交易；

B.change零錢；

C.profit利潤；

D.product產品。根據空格4前的acoin，可知，afterIboughtamango,thesalesmanwasgivingmethe___3___,我買了一個芒果后，售貨員找我零錢。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞。A.lay躺下；

B.tied系捆；

C.dropped下降，減少；

D.attached附上。根據下文“I’msorry,”hesaidwhilebendingdowntopickitup.可知，acoin____4____totheground.一枚硬幣掉在地上。故選C。【15題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.delighted高興的；

B.annoyed煩惱的；

C.puzzled困惑的；

D.injured受傷的。根據后句內容可知作者認為把硬幣掉到地上是自己的過失，而售貨員卻說“對不起”，由此判斷作者感到驚奇，疑惑不解，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.fault過錯，毛??；

B.duty責任；

C.turn轉彎；

D.debt債務。從上句可知硬幣掉地上了是作者自己的過失，故選A。【17題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.Another另外的；

B.Other其他的；

C.Some一些；

D.Any任何的。根據___7___time,Isteppedonaman’sfootinanelevator,andatthesametime,webothsaid“sorry”.可知，這里在說“另一個”關于“sorry”的故事。故選A。【18題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.useful有用的；

B.necessary必要的；

C.difficult困難的；

D.easy容易的。根據破折號前的內容可知作者踩到對方，而對方也說“對不起”，所以作者認為他沒有必要道歉，而且下文…….isn’titnecessarytoexpressan___12___?也是提示信息，故選B。【19題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.complained抱怨；

B.announced宣布；

C.explained解釋；

D.appealed呼吁，求助。下文是朋友給作者的介紹，也就是對美國習俗的解釋，故選C。【20題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.private私人的；

B.public公共的；

C.painful痛苦的；

D.noisy吵鬧的。從定語從句everyoneshouldbeabletostandin可知電梯是公共場所，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞。A.holds把握，舉行；

B.books預定；

C.removes除掉；

D.occupies占領。根據Aftersomeone____11____apositioninit,makingitdifficultforsomeoneelsetofindaplacetostand,isn’titnecessarytoexpressan___12___?可知，當一個人占據了一個位置，讓別人很難找到立足之地，難道沒有必要道歉嗎?故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。A.explanation解釋；

B.apology道歉；

C.attitude態度；

D.argument辯論。根據Aftersomeone____11____apositioninit,makingitdifficultforsomeoneelsetofindaplacetostand,isn’titnecessarytoexpressan___12___?可知，當一個人占據了一個位置，讓別人很難找到立足之地，難道沒有必要道歉嗎?故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞組。A.soldout售完；

B.droppedout退學，輟學；

C.brokenout爆發；

D.hungout閑逛。根據Ifyougotothemoviesandtheticketshappentobe___13___,theticketsellerwillsay,“Sorry.”可知，如果你去看電影，碰巧電影票賣完了，售票員會說，“對不起?！惫蔬xA。【24題詳解】考查形容詞。A.disappointed失望的；

B.mistaken錯誤的；

C.true真實的；

D.unrealized未實現的。根據Wheneveroneofyourhopesgoes___14___,anAmericanwillsay“sorry”asasignof____15____可知，當你的一個愿望沒有實現時，美國人會說“對不起”，以示同情。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。A.encouragement鼓勵；

B.concern關心；

C.pity同情；

D.respect尊重。根據Wheneveroneofyourhopesgoes___14___,anAmericanwillsay“sorry”asasignof____15____可知，當你的一個愿望沒有實現時，美國人會說“對不起”，以示同情。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞。A.understood明白，理解；

B.imagined想象；

C.remembered記得；

D.guessed猜測。根據DuringmystayinAmerica,Igradually___16___thatwhenfriction(摩擦)appearsindailylife,Americansdon’tcaremuchaboutwhois____17____;Ifsomeoneis___18___,a“sorry”isalwaysnecessary.可知，在美國的這段時間里，我漸漸明白了，當摩擦在日常生活中出現時，美國人并不在意誰錯了；如果有人遇到麻煩，“對不起”總是必要的。故選A。【27題詳解】考查形容詞。A.legal合法的；

B.wrong錯誤的；

C.fair公平的；

D.honest誠實的。根據DuringmystayinAmerica,Igradually___16___thatwhenfriction(摩擦)appearsindailylife,Americansdon’tcaremuchaboutwhois____17____;Ifsomeoneis___18___,a“sorry”isalwaysnecessary.可知，在美國的這段時間里，我漸漸明白了，當摩擦在日常生活中出現時，美國人并不在意誰錯了；如果有人遇到麻煩，“對不起”總是必要的。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞。A.troubled困擾；

B.blamed責備；

C.forgiven原諒；

D.replaced替代。根據DuringmystayinAmerica,Igradually___16___thatwhenfriction(摩擦)appearsindailylife,Americansdon’tcaremuchaboutwhois____17____;Ifsomeoneis___18___,a“sorry”isalwaysnecessary.可知，在美國的這段時間里，我漸漸明白了，當摩擦在日常生活中出現時，美國人并不在意誰錯了；如果有人遇到麻煩，“對不起”總是必要的。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞。A.controls控制；

B.protects保護；

C.defends辯護，保衛；

D.cools使變涼。根據Whenthishappens,eveniftheotherpersonishurt,the“sorry”____19____angerandhumankindnessisshown.可知，當這種情況發生時，即使對方受到了傷害，“對不起”也會冷卻憤怒，顯示出人性的善良。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.always總是；

B.sometimes有時候；

C.never從來沒有；

D.often經常。根據anyone可以判斷此句是否定句，而且根據上文的講述可知作者看到的人們非常有禮貌，不會發生爭吵，選C。【點睛】解完形填空題時，單獨看一句話是找不到正確答案的，需要閱讀下句或者若干句才能明白。所謂上下對照，即在上文和下文中找到與正確答案相同的關鍵詞。因此，在做題時要邊讀邊在大腦中儲存上下文信息的能力，捕捉關鍵詞。本題第8小題，根據破折號前的內容可知作者踩到對方，而對方也說“對不起”，所以作者認為他沒有必要道歉，而且下文…….isn’titnecessarytoexpressan___12___?也是提示信息，故選B。三、閱讀理解18.TotheEditorIhavebeenreadingyournewspaper,theHometownGazette,forthepasttwoyears,eversinceImovedtoSmithville.WemovedherefromNewYorkCity,soIamaccustomedtoreadingexcellentnewspaperssuchasTheNewYorkTimes.Infact,westillhavetheTimesdeliveredonSundays.Theentirefamilyenjoysreadingtherecipes(食譜)inthemagazine,aswellastheStylessection.TheTimesisgreat,buttheGazetteisanotherstory.I'veneverreadanarticlethatdoesn'tcontainatleastthreeorfourspellingorgrammaticalerrors.Forinstance,inlastweek'sissue,youmisspelledtheword“secretary,”usedasingularverbwithapluralnoun,andused“it's”asapossessive(所有格).Andthatwasjustintheleadstory!Incaseyouneverwenttoelementaryschool,“it's”means“itis.”It'snotapossessiveadjective!It'sapitythatthistinylittlehick(鄉下)townhasonlyonenewspaper,becauseI'dliketohaveanalternativetotheragyoupublish.Ifindithardtobelieveyournewsstories.Ifyoucan'tspellcorrectly,howcanyougetyourfactsright？I'vebeenmeaningtogetthisoffmychestforsometime.Pleasecancelmysubscription(訂閱).Andbuyyourselfadictionary.Sincerely,JaneZ.Jones

60.Whichphrasefromthepassageshowsthewriter'sprejudice？A.getthisoffmychestB.threeorfourspellingorgrammaticalerrorsC.tinylittlehicktownD.readingtherecipesinthemagazine61.Theauthor'stoneinthispassagecanbestbedescribedas

A.happy

B.angry

C.sympathetic

D.objective62.Whichstatementfromthepassageisafact？A.It'sapitythistownhasonlyonenewspaper.B.TheTimesisgreat,buttheGazetteisanotherstory.C.WestillhavetheTimesdeliveredonSundays.D.Youneverwenttoelementaryschool.63.Whichstatementofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage？A.ThewriteroncelivedinNewYorkCity,sohewasusedtoreadingtheTimes.B.TheentirefamilyenjoysreadingtheStylessectioninthemagazine.C.Thewriterhaslongbeenplanningtoexpresshisdissatisfactionwiththelocalnewspaper.D.Itisobviousthattheeditorsofthenewspaperarenotverycarefulabouttheirwork.參考答案：CBCA

19.Modernlifestylesaregenerallyquitedifferentfromthoseofourhunter-gathererancestors,afactthatsomeclaimasthecauseofthecurrentriseinglobalobesity,butnewresultspublishedJuly25intheopenaccessjournalPLOSONEfindthatthereisnodifferencebetweentheenergyexpenditure(耗費)ofmodernhunter-gatherersandWesterners,castingdoubtonthistheory.Theresearchteambehindthestudy,ledbyHermanPontzerofHunterCollegeinNewYorkCity,alongwithDavidRaichlenoftheUniversityofArizonaandBrianM.WoodofStanfordmeasureddailyenergyexpenditureamongtheHadza,apopulationoftraditionalhunter-gathererslivingintheopenSavannahofnorthernTanzania.Despitespendingtheirdayshikinglongdistancestoseekforwildplantsandgame,theHadzaburnednomorecalorieseachdaythanadultsintheU.S.andEurope.Theteamranseveralanalysesaccountingfortheeffectsofbodyweight,bodyfatpercentage,age,andgender.Inallanalyses,dailyenergyexpenditureamongtheHadzahunter-gathererswasindistinguishable(難以區分的)fromthatofWesterners.Thestudywasthefirsttomeasureenergyexpenditureinhunter-gatherersdirectly;previousstudieshadreliedentirelyonestimates.Thesefindingsoverturnthelong-heldassumptionthatourhunter-gathererancestorsexpendedmoreenergythanmodernpopulations,andchallengetheviewthatobesityinWesternpopulationsresultsfromdecreasedenergyexpenditure.Instead,thesimilarityindailyenergyexpenditureacrossabroadrangeoflifestylessuggeststhathabitualmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratesarelyconstantamonghumanpopulations.Thisinturnsupportstheviewthatthecurrentriseinobesityisduetoincreasedfoodconsumption,notdecreasedenergyexpenditure.Itmeanswehavemoretolearnabouthumanphysiology(生理學)andhealth,particularlyinnon-Westernsettings."Theseresultshighlightthecomplexityofenergyexpenditure.It'snotsimplyafunctionofphysicalactivity,"saysPontzer.”Ourmetabolicratesmaybemoreareflectionofoursharedevolutionarypastthanourdiversemodernlifestyles."12．Accordingtothenewresearch,hunter-gatherersconsume_________.A．thesameenergyasWesterners

B．moreenergythanWesternersC．lessenergythanWesterners

D．thesamefoodasWesterners13．Howdidtheresearchteamdothenewresearch?A．Bycomparinghikingdistances.

B．Byidentifyingwildplantsandgame.C．Byestimatingdailyenergyexpenditure.

D．Bymeasuringdailyenergyexpenditure.14．Peoplehavelongassumedthat_________.A．theriseinobesityisduetoincreasedfoodconsumptionB．decreasedenergyexpendituremakesWesternersfatC．dailyenergyexpenditurestaysthesameinhistoryD．humans’habitualmetabolicrate