第1章IntroductiontotheDigitalComputer數(shù)字計算機(jī)：digitalcomputer半導(dǎo)體：semiconductor數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)：dataprocessingsystem磁鼓：magneticdrum磁盤：magneticdisk磁帶：magnetictape程序設(shè)計：programming程序語句：statement真空管：vacuum-tube軟盤：floppydisk晶體管：transistor硬盤：harddisk通用計算機(jī)：general-purposecomputerspecial-purposecomputer單元：ALUarithmeticandlogicunit電子線路：electroniccircuitry集成電路：ICintegratedcircuit專用計算機(jī)：大規(guī)模集成電路：LSIlargescaleintegration或者largescaleintegratedcircuit開關(guān)：switch算數(shù)邏輯寄存器：register隨機(jī)訪問存儲器：RAMrandom-accessmemory計算：computation變量：variable只讀存儲器：ROMread-onlymemory算法：algorithm應(yīng)用軟件：applicationsoftware系統(tǒng)軟件：systemsoftware信息技術(shù)：informationtechnology程序設(shè)計語言：programminglanguage公共總線：commonbus數(shù)據(jù)庫：database時鐘脈沖：clockpulse操作系統(tǒng)：operatingsystem軟件工程：softwareengineering編譯程序：compiler最高有效位：mostsignificantbits最低有效位：leastsignificantbits編輯程序：editor加法器：adder計數(shù)器：counter計算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)：computernetwork人機(jī)接口：human-computerinterface增加：insert刪除：delete更新：update檢索：retrieval軟件：software硬件：hardware外部設(shè)備：peripheral輸入設(shè)備：inputunit輸出設(shè)備：outputunit存儲器：memoryunit中央處理器：CPUcentralprocessingunit鍵盤：keyboard視頻顯示終端：videodisplayterminal主存儲器：mainmemory輔助存儲器：auxiliarymemory內(nèi)部存儲器：internalmemory外部存儲器：externalmemory

第2章BasicDigital-LogicDevices邏輯門電路：logicgates布爾函數(shù)：Booleanfunction微處理器：microprocessor譯碼器：decoder真值表：truthtable觸發(fā)器：flip-flop補(bǔ)碼：complement低電平有效：active-low波形：waveform電位：potential運算器：operator高電平有效：active-high邊沿觸發(fā)型觸發(fā)器：edged-triggeredflip-flop檻電平：thresholdlevel上升沿：risingedge晶體管晶體管邏輯電路：TTL下降沿：fallingedgetransistor-transistorlogic寄存器：shiftregisterbi-directionalshiftregister并行傳送：paralleltransfer凹陷電平、門組合邏輯：combinatoriallogic移位推拉輸出電路：門控鎖存器：gatedlatch選通脈沖：strobetotem-poleoutput雙向移位寄存器：二進(jìn)制計數(shù)器：binarycounter反相器：inverter組合電路：combinationalcircuit饋：positivefeedback饋：negativefeedback正反負(fù)反

第3章ProgrammingtheComputer機(jī)器指令：machineinstructions偏移量：offset二進(jìn)制代碼：binarycode索引、變址：index八進(jìn)制代碼：octalcode指針寄存器：pointerregister十六進(jìn)制代碼：符號代碼：symboliccode匯編程序：assembler編譯程序：compilerhexadecimalcode變址寄存器：indexregister基址寄存器：baseregister針寄存器：basepointerregisterdestinationindexregister源變址寄存器：sourceindexregister精簡指令集計算機(jī)：RISC基址指目的變址寄存器：面向用戶的：user-oriented面向問題的：problem-orientedreduced操作數(shù)：operandinstructionsetcomputer流水線：pipeline匯編語言指令：assemblylanguageinstructions結(jié)構(gòu)化語言：structuredlanguage微處理器：microprocessor程序塊結(jié)構(gòu)：blockstructure機(jī)器代碼：machinecode源程序：sourcecode操作碼：opcode塊結(jié)構(gòu)語言：blockstructurelanguage面向問題的程序設(shè)計語言：problemorientedprogramminglanguage助記符：mnemonic面向機(jī)器的程序設(shè)計語言：machineorientedprogramminglanguage類：class累加器：accumulator源操作數(shù)：sourceoperand目的操作數(shù)：destinationoperand繼承：inheritance注釋：comment對象：object尋址方式：addressingmode直接尋址：directaddressing間接尋址：indirectaddressing存儲器有效地址：EAeffectivememoryaddress人工智能：artificialintelligence封裝：encapsulation多態(tài)性：polymorphism域名：domainname系統(tǒng)管理員：systemadministrator

第4章TheComputerMemory通用計算機(jī)：general-purposecomputers放電：discharge主存：mainmemory引導(dǎo)裝入模塊：bootstraploader初始化程序：initialprogram金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體：MOSmetaloxidesemiconductor輔存：auxiliarymemory高速緩沖存儲器：cachememory隨機(jī)訪問存儲器：RAMrandomaccessmemory多道程序設(shè)計：multiprogramming只讀存儲器：ROMread-onlymemory重定位：relocation存儲單元：memorycell軟盤：floppydisk常量：constant磁泡存儲器：magneticbubblememory軟扇區(qū)磁盤：soft-sectoreddiskhard-sectoreddisk數(shù)組、矩陣：array可編程只讀存儲器：PROMread-onlymemoryprogrammable硬扇區(qū)磁盤：磁道：track柱面：cylinder可擦除可編程只讀存儲器：EPROMerasableprogrammableread-onlymemory電可擦除可編程只讀存儲器：EEPROMelectricallyerasableprogrammableread-onlymemory固件：firmware虛擬地址：virtualaddress地址空間：addressspace物理地址：physicaladdress半導(dǎo)體集成電路：semiconductorintegrated存儲空間：memoryspacecircuit磁盤操作系統(tǒng)：DOSdiskoperatingsystem電容器：capacitor

第5章Input/OutputDevices監(jiān)視器：monitordotpitch觸摸屏：touchpanel圖標(biāo)：icon點距：電子槍：electrongun熒光體：phosphor發(fā)光二極管：LEDlight-emittingdiode坐標(biāo)：coordinate陰極射線管：CRTcathoderaytube分辨率：resolution打字機(jī)：typewriter控制臺：console視頻信號：videosignal帶寬：bandwidth遠(yuǎn)程終端：remoteterminal大寫字符：uppercase小寫字符：lowercase電阻器：resistor用戶手冊：owner’smanual軟拷貝：softcopy硬拷貝：hardcopy鼠標(biāo)：mouse顯微膠片：microfilm光標(biāo)：cursor光柵、掃描線：raster鼠標(biāo)墊：mousepad計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計：CADcomputeraideddesign象素：pixel垂直分辨率：verticalresolution水平分辨率：horizontalresolution彩色圖形適配器：CGAcolorgraphicsadapter報文交換：message-switching矩陣：matrix激光打印機(jī)：laserprinter增強(qiáng)型圖形適配器：EGAextendedgraphicsadapter靜電：staticelectricity非擊打式打印機(jī)：nonimpactprinters桌面排版系統(tǒng)：desktoppublishing光學(xué)字符識別：opticalcharacterrecognition主板：motherboard位映射圖像：bit-mappedgraphicscharacter-mappeddisplay示器：LCDliquidcrystaldisplay字符映射顯示：通用串行總線：universalserialbus液晶顯數(shù)碼相機(jī)：digitalcamera

第6章Softwareengineering軟件工程：softwareengineering程序流程圖：programflowchart高內(nèi)聚：highlycohesive低耦合：looselycoupled軟件過程：softwareprocess結(jié)構(gòu)化程序設(shè)計：structuredprogramming自頂向下程序設(shè)計：top-downdesign結(jié)構(gòu)化普查：structuredwalkthroughs第7章OperatingSystem操作系統(tǒng)：operatingsystem低級語言：lowlevellanguage高級語言：highlevellanguage數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)：datastructure目錄：directory屬性：attribute進(jìn)程：process棧指針：stackpointer磁芯映像、內(nèi)存映像：coreimage圖形用戶界面：GUIgraphicaluserinterface工作站：workstation服務(wù)器：server傳輸控制協(xié)議：TCPTransmissionControlProtocolInternetProtocol網(wǎng)絡(luò)互聯(lián)協(xié)議：IP第五章Input/OutputDevices光學(xué)字符識別：OCRopticalcharacterrecognition通用串行總線：USBuniversalserialbus數(shù)碼相機(jī)：digitalcamera像素：pixel掃描儀：scanner液晶顯示器：LCDLiquidCrystalDisplay第六章Softwareengineering軟件工程：softwareengineering程序流程圖：programflowchart高內(nèi)聚：highlycohesive低耦合：looselycoupled軟件過程：softwareprocess結(jié)構(gòu)化程序設(shè)計：structuredprogramming自頂向下程序設(shè)計：top-downdesign

結(jié)構(gòu)化普查：structuredwalkthroughs第七章OperatingSystem操作系統(tǒng)：operatingsystem低級語言：lowlevellanguage高級語言：highlevellanguage數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)：datastructure檢查和：checksum目錄：directory屬性：attribute進(jìn)程：process棧指針：stackpointer磁芯映像、內(nèi)存映像：coreimage圖形用戶界面：GUIgraphicaluserinterface工作站：workstation服務(wù)器：server傳輸控制協(xié)議：TCPTransmissionControlProtocolInternetProtocol網(wǎng)絡(luò)互聯(lián)協(xié)議：IP快捷鍵：shortcutkey第八章ComputerNetworks全雙工異步通信：fullduplexasynchronouscommunication全雙工：fullduplex電流：electriccurrent雙絞線：twistedpairwiring調(diào)制解調(diào)器：modem信號損失：signalloss載波：carrierwave調(diào)制：modulation解調(diào)：demodulation光纖：opticalfiber調(diào)幅：amplitudemodulation調(diào)頻：frequencymodulation同軸電纜：coaxialcable網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口卡：NICnetworkinterfacecard幀格式：frameformat撥號：dialup呼叫模式：callingmode應(yīng)答模式：answermode面向字符的：character-oriented網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析器：networkanalyzercarriersensewithmultipleaccess載波監(jiān)聽多重訪問：CSMA令牌環(huán)網(wǎng)：tokenringnetwork

網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量：networktrafficpromiscuousmodestartopology環(huán)型拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)：ringtopologybustopology隨機(jī)模式：星型拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)：總線型拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)：印刷電路板：printedcircuitboard校驗和：checksum中繼器：repeater橋接器：bridge交換機(jī)：switch集線器：hub路由器：router客戶端：client服務(wù)器：server域名系統(tǒng)：DNSdomainnamesystem電子郵件：E-maile