第第頁2024屆高考英語專題復習：詞義猜測課件(共31張PPT)(共31張PPT)

ReadingComprehension

WordsguessingPeriod1

1.afatcat

2.whenpigsfly

肥貓

當豬在飛

warmingup

Let’stryagain!

1.Lucymarriedamanwhoownsabigcompanyandhasmillionsofdollars.Heisreallyafatcat.

arichman

2.Peterisverylazyandheneverdoeshishomework.Hecangotoauniversitywhenpigsfly.

impossible

高考英語閱讀理解解題策略之

詞義猜測

要求考生讀懂公告、說明、廣告以及書、報、雜志中的簡短文章。考生應能“根據上下文推斷生詞和短語的含義”。

somecommonwaystoraisequestions

Accordingtothepassage,theword***couldbestbereplacedby______.

2.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheword***

Inthe*paragraph,theword***means(refersto)______.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword***inparagraph*mean

skills

Howcanweguessthemeaningofunknownwordsorphrases

猜測詞意

構詞法

Wordformation

語境法

Contextclues

Period1

Period2

1.Definition定義法

2.Similarity同義法

3.Contrast對比法

4.CauseandEffect因果法

猜測詞義

5.CommonSense普通常識

語

境

法

Definition

定義描述法

Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle

—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.

(adj.易碎的,脆的)

Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.

(n.牧羊人)

1.Definition定義法：一般通過定義、定語（從句）或同位語（從句）來確定詞義。

●信號詞：be,becalled,means,bedefinedas,thatis,thatistosay,

inotherwords,—(破折號)，：(冒號)等

practice1

Theproposalattemptstodealwithwhatsomecallthe“deathvalley”ofautonomousvehicles（自動駕駛車輛)：thegreyareabetweensemi-autonomousandfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture.

Whatdoesthephrase“deathvalley”inParagraph2referto

A.Aplacewherecarsoftenbreakdown.

B.Acasewherepassingalawisimpossible.

C.Anareawherenodrivingispermitted.

D.Asituationwheredrivers’roleisnotclear.

Similarity

同義關系法

Heisaseriouspersonwhoalwaysdoeseverythingconscientiously.

Doctorsbelievethatsmokingcigarettesisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful．

2.Similarity相似法：利用同義詞、近義詞（詞組）或相似的結構猜測詞義。

認真地

有害的

●信號詞：also,or,like,as…as,thesameas等

practice2

【2022年全國乙卷】

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.

Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto

A.personnelsafety.B.assistancefromdrones.

C.inspectionandrepair.D.constructionofinfrastructure.

Contrast

對比關系法

ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.

Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.

骯臟的

節約的

3.Contrast對比法：

利用文中的反義詞以及表對比關系的詞（組）猜測詞義。

表示對比的信號詞有while,though,otherwise,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranotherthing,insteadof,yet,but,contraryto,however,等。

GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”inparagraph2mean

A.Tested.B.separated.

C.forcedout.D.trackeddown.

practice3

【2023年全國III卷C】

CauseandEffect

因果關系法

Onewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothing.

Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.

(adj.貧窮的,窮困的)

(adj.大的)

4.CauseandEffect因果法：從原因推測結果，從結果推測原因。

信號詞:because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,so…that,such…that,thus

Theflowersinthevasewitheredbecausetheyhadnowater.

practice4

凋謝,枯萎

Commonsense

生活常識法

5

5.Commonsense普通常識：根據普通常識和生活經驗來猜測詞義。

Butsometimes,norainfallsforalongtime.Thentherewillbeadrought.

Inthestrongwind,thebeggarshiveredwiththeterriblecold.

(n.旱災)

(v.顫抖)

Tips:

1.Neverbenervous!Trytoguess!

2.Useyourownknowledgeandimagination!

practice5

Intheolddays,whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands,theyexpectedtobringwiththemselvesplentyofdowry.

Theunderlinedwordmeans____.

A.moneyB.childrenC.riceD.houses

高考真題連接

1.Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.

2.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earns

about65,000yuanayear.

動物學家

牧羊人

Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,andmuchshorter.

Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,andmuchshorter.

圓胖的

Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.

節約的

（2023年全國1卷D篇)

AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch，boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份)，it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyourreallyneedtoavoid.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto

A.Bigeaters.