1、細節理解題(questionsofdetails)2、詞義猜測題(wordsincontext)3、推理判斷題(questionsofinference)4、主旨歸納題(mainidea)ReadingComprehension4、主旨歸納題(mainidea)1、細節理解題(questionsofdetails)1Questionforms:1.主題類（1).Themainideaofthepassageis________.(2).Thepassageismainlyabout___________.(3).Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(4).Whichofthefollowingstatementcanbestsummarize/sumupthemainideaofthepassage?(5).What’sthemainpoint/mainidea/centralthoughtofthepassage?Questionforms:1.主題類（1).Thema2Questionforms:2.標題類

（1).Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe______.(2).Thetext(Passage)couldbeentitled__________.(3).Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?(4).Whichofthefollowingwouldbesuitableasatitleforthepassage?3.作者意圖類

(1).Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageis___.(2).Thepassageismeantto__________.(3).Thepurposeofthisarticleis_______.(4).Theauthor’spurposeistoshow_______.Questionforms:2.標題類（1).Theb3主旨大意Howdowegetthemainideafromaparagraphorpassage?主旨大意4查找主旨、標題時，注意最基本、最具有概括力的信息。1.Choosethemostgeneralword.

A)chemistB)physicistC)scientistD)biologist

2.Choosethemostgeneralsentence.

A)Thehotelofferscomplimentarycoffeefrom7to10a.m.daily.

B)TherearemanyreasonswhyguestsfeelathomeattheGloriettaBayInn.

C)Thecoin-operatedlaundryroomhasanironingboard.

D)ThereareanumberofextraservicesattheGloriettaBayInnincludingbaby-sitting.

查找主旨、標題時，注意最基本、最具有概括力的信息。1.Ch51Englishisclearlyaninternationallanguage.Itisspokenbypilotsandairportcontroloperatorsonalltheairwaysoftheworld.Over70percentoftheworld'sradioprogramsareinEnglish.Findthetopicsentence1Findthetopicsentence62.Letusconsiderhowvoicetrainingmaycontributetopersonalitydevelopmentandanimprovedsocialadjustment.Inthefirstplace,ithasbeenfairlywellestablishedthatindividualstendtobecomewhattheybelieveotherpeoplethinkthemtobe.Whenpeoplereactmorefavorablytowardusbecauseourvoicesconveytheimpressionthatwearefriendly,competent,andinteresting,thereisastrongtendencyforustodevelopthosequalitiesinourpersonality.Ifwearetreatedwithrespectbyothers,wesooncometohavemorerespectforourselves.Then,too,one‘sownconsciousnessofhavingapleasant,effectivevoiceofwhichhedoesnotneedtobeashamedcontributesmateriallytoafeelingofpoise（泰然自若）,self-confidence,andajustprideinhimself.Agoodvoice,likegoodclothescandomuchforanego（自我）thatotherwisemightbeinclinedtodroop（萎靡）.

Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis:

A)OurEgoB)TheReflectionofOurPersonality

C)HowtoAcquireaPleasantVoiceD)VoiceTraininginPersonalityDevelopment2.Letusconsiderhowvoicetr7Tip1:atthebeginning

主題句(Topicsentence)在段首:一個主題句常常是一個段落的開頭，其后的句子則是論證性細節。在議論文，科技文獻和新聞報道中多采用這種格式。Tip1:atthebeginning8

3.Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown(bythemselves).Stillotherslikeademocratic(民主的)

discussiontypeofclass.Nooneteachingmethodcanbedevised(design)tosatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.

94.Handshaking,thoughaEuropeanpractice,isnowoftenseeninbigcitiesofChina.ItissaidthatlonglongagoinEuropewhenpeoplemet,theyshowedtheirunarmed(無武器的)handstoeachotherasasignofgoodwill.Astimewentonandtradeincitiesgrewrapidly,peopleincitiesbegantoclapeachother’shandstomakeadealortoreachanagreement.Thispracticewaslaterchangedintoshakinghandsamongfriendsonmeetingorleavingeachother.“Let’sshake(hands)onit”sometimesmeansagreementreached.

DotheEuropeansshakehandswherevertheygoandwithwhomevertheymeet?No.SometimestheChineseabroadreachouttheirhandstoooftentobepolite.Itisreallyveryimpolitetogiveyourhandwhentheotherparty,especiallywhenitisawoman,showslittleinterestinshakinghandswithyouandwhenthemeetingdoesnotmeananythingtohimorher.Evenif,forpoliteness,heholdsouthisunwillinghandinanswertoyouruninvitedhand,justtouchitslightly.Thereisgenerallyamisunderstanding(誤解)amongtheChinesethatwesternersareusuallyopenandstraightforward,whiletheChineseareratherreserved(保守的)inmanner.ButinfactsomepeopleinwesterncountriesaremorereservedthansomeChinesetoday.Soitisagoodideatoshakehandswithawesterneronlywhenheshowsinterestinfurtherrelationswithyou.67.Themainpurposeofthetextis______.

A.totellussomedifferencesbetweentheEastandtheWest

B.toofferussomeimportantfactsabouthandshaking

C.tointroduceustosomedifferentcustomsintheWest

D.togiveussomeadvicebeforewetravelabroad

4.Handshaking,though10Tip2:attheend

主題句在段尾。作者先擺出事實依據,層層推理論證,最后自然得出結論,即段落的主題。本段的中心思想在結尾句得到體現,它是此段內容的結論。

Tip2:attheend11

5.Wesurveyedlocalresidentsinthreeuniversitytownsthroughoutthestatetofindouttheiropinionsonthestudentsinthosetowns.Wequestionedoverthreethousandpeopleandfoundthatsinceourlastsurveythreeyearsago,attitudestowardsstudentshavechangedconsiderably.“Lazy”“scruffy”and“bad-mannered”washowmorethan40%ofthosequestioneddescribedstudents，upfrom22%inthelastsurvey.Thisyearonly25%consideredstudentstobe“polite”and“friendly”comparedwith39%threeyearsago.Overall,49%consideredstudentstobeapositivepartofthetowncomparedto58%lasttime.3.有些段落的主題句被安排在段落的中間sinceourlastsurveythreeyearsago,attitudestowardsstudentshavechangedconsiderably.5.Wesurveyedlocalresi12PassageD6.Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hurry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel,amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”.Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Buyingitemsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale.Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSale(detail)(detail)(detail)Anexample(detail)effectsthetopicsentence

is

inthemiddleofthepassage.PassageD(detail)Anexampleeff13Tip3:atthemiddle主題句在段中。開段的句子作為引題，而主題則由隨之引出的句子來表達。為了闡明主題思想，在主題句后，仍有一些句子陳述細節。其層次為：引題--主題--解釋（細節）。Tip3:atthemiddle147.Goodmannersareimportantinallcountries,butwaysofexpressinggoodmannersaredifferentfromcountrytocountry.Americanseatwithknivesandforks;Japaneseeatwithchopsticks.Americanssay“Hi”whentheymeet;Japanesebow.ManyAmericanmenopendoorsforwomen;Japanesemendonot.Onthesurface在表面上

,itappearsthatgoodmannersinAmericaarenotgoodmannersinJapan,andinawaythisistrue.Butinanycountry,theonlymannersthatareimportantarethoseinvolvingoneperson’sbehaviortowardanotherperson.Inallcountriesitisgoodmannerstobehaveconsideratelytowardsothersandbadmannersnotto.Itisonlythewayofbehavingpolitelythatdiffersfromcountrytocountry.高考英語復習-閱讀理解主旨大意題ppt課件158.There’sasanoldSaying:“Acoward（懦夫）diesmanytimes;aherodiesbutonce.”Soitiswithnewspapers—theirdeathhasbeenpredictedmanytimes,buttheyarestillwithus.Butwilltheybewithusforever?Newspapershavesurvivedaslongastheyhavebecausetheycanbringanin-depthcoverageofissuesthatrequiretimeandconsideration.Readersgotonewspaperstolearnaboutcomplexissues.Reputablenewspapersbecomeopinionleadersintheireditorialandcommentarycolumns,quiteapartfromtheirabilitytoinvestigateissuesandbecomebreakersofimportantnews.However,thethreatoftheinternetislikelytoproveprofound.ManyyoungpeoplenowturntotheWebfornews.Howevermuchradioandtelevisionledtheattackonthenewspaperasanewssource,oneofitsmainsourcesofincome–advertisings–remainedintact（未受影響的）.NotonlydoestheWebtakereaders,italsotakesadvertising.ManynewspapermenseethethreatoftheWebasbeingofanewkind.Somepublicationswillgounder,butthosewhichservespecializedmarketsandwhicharecommerciallysolidwillsurvive.Thedeathofthenewspaperhasbeenpredictedmanytimes,butthenewspaperisstillwithusandislikelytoremainso.8.There’sasanoldSayi16

There’sasanoldSaying:“Acoward（懦夫）diesmanytimes;aherodiesbutonce.”Soitiswithnewspapers—theirdeathhasbeenpredictedmanytimes,buttheyarestillwithus.Butwilltheybewithusforever?Newspapershavesurvivedaslongastheyhavebecausetheycanbringanin-depthcoverageofissuesthatrequiretimeandconsideration.Readersgotonewspaperstolearnaboutcomplexissues.Reputablenewspapersbecomeopinionleadersintheireditorialandcommentarycolumns,quiteapartfromtheirabilitytoinvestigateissuesandbecomebreakersofimportantnews.However,thethreatoftheinternetislikelytoproveprofound.ManyyoungpeoplenowturntotheWebfornews.Howevermuchradioandtelevisionledtheattackonthenewspaperasanewssource,oneofitsmainsourcesofincome–advertisings–remainedintact（未受影響的）.NotonlydoestheWebtakereaders,italsotakesadvertising.ManynewspapermenseethethreatoftheWebasbeingofanewkind.Somepublicationswillgounder,butthosewhichservespecializedmarketsandwhicharecommerciallysolidwillsurvive.

Thedeathofthenewspaperhasbeenpredictedmanytimes,butthenewspaperisstillwithusandislikelytoremainso.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThenewspaperVStheWeb

B.Whydopeoplereadnewspaper?C.Whatdoyouliketoread?

D.Deathofthenewspaper?There’sasanoldSa17Tip4:atboththebeginningandtheendThisparagraphbeginswithatopicsentenceandendswitharestatementofthesametopicsentece在文章開頭和結尾:首尾呼應，為突出主題,作者先提出主題,結尾時再次點出主題,這種首尾呼應的寫作方式常用于記敘文，議論文，但前后表述主題的句子不是簡單的重復,后面的表述往往有進一步的引申或發展的意味。Tip4:atboththebeginninga18Topicsentence¶graphotherinfo.otherinfo.Topicsentence¶graphTopicsentence¶graphotherinfo.info&exampleTopicsentence¶graphTopicsentence¶graphexample&otherinfoTopicsentence¶graphother19

Ifthereisnotopicsentenceinthepassage,whatshouldwedotogetthemainideaorchoosethebesttitle?Sometimesthereisnotopicsentenceinthepassage.Summarizethemainideainourownwordsandthenchoosethebesttitle.Ifthereisnotopicsen20Threemainsteps:

First,getthemainideaofeachparagraph.

Second,summarizethemainideainourownwords,accordingtothestructureofthepassage.

Third,compareitwiththechoicestoseewhichoneisthebest.Threemainsteps:First,21

9.TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

partialdetailsA.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour

years,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.Tip5:Nospecifictopicsentence,soreadersshouldsummarizefromallthedetails.從段落中歸納要點抓大意.有些文章無明確的主題句.這就要求考生在閱讀過程中根據文中所敘述的事實細節來概括總結主旨大意。注意：1.不能以偏概全.2.不能過于寬泛，要恰如其分。3.注意多次出現的高頻詞或主題詞

9.Tomstudiedfouryears22detailsParagraphideasPassageideadetailsParagraphideasPassage23[1]Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.[2]MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.[3]Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?Magellan’sdeath.GoingaroundtheWorld.TheWorldIsRound.Magellan’sVoyage.10[1]Magellan’smenwerethefi24[1]Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.[1]Magellan’smenwerethefi25[2]MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.TheprocessofMagellan’slonganddifficultvoyage[2]MagellanwasfromPortugal26[3]Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.[3]Magellan’svoyageprovedt27[1]Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.[2]MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.[3]Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Paragraph1:Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.Paragraph2:TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyageParagraph3:Magellan’svoyagedprovedtheearthisround.Magellan’svoyage[1]Magellan’smenwerethefi28Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeath.B.GoingaroundtheWorld.C.TheWorldIsRound.D.Magellan’sVoyage.(toonarrow)(toonarrow)(toobroad)(justproper)Magellan’smenwerethefirst29atthebeginningattheendinthemiddleatboththebeginningandtheend命題類主題句在文章或段落中的位置nocleartopicsentenceatthebeginningattheendatthebeginningattheendint30TypesOf

Paragraph

StructuresTypeThepositionofthetopicsentenceInformationwordsAtthebeginningAttheendIn

the

middleNocleartopicsentencebesides,forexample……so,therefore,……SumthemupbyyourselfBut,however,actually……Summary:TypesOfParagraphStructuresT31主旨大意題的干擾項(錯誤選項)有3種：

1.概括范圍太窄，只表達局部信息或某一細節，不能概括整篇文章的主旨大意。2.概括范圍太寬，所表達的內容超出或多于文章闡述的內容。3.無關信息：即文章中未提到、或找不到語言依據的信息。

主旨大意題的干擾項(錯誤選項)有3種：1.概括范圍太32主要內容型這種類型的題的關鍵是找到主題句（topicsentence）。主題句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼應，有時也在文中，或者沒有主題句，需要根據文章所述內容進行歸納。各段的主題句也常在該段的句首或尾句。議論文和說明文一般有主題句，但記敘文通常沒有主題句，需要歸納。三、解題技巧主要內容型這種類型的題的關鍵是找到主題句三、解題33文首：新聞報道、議論文文末：記敘文說明文:文中：例子/假設例子/假設后進入主題沒有主題句：找反復出現的詞語判斷文章體裁很重要！文首：判斷文章體裁很重要！34找主題句的小竅門1)首段出現疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨；

首段出現具體例子或假設時，例子或假設后面的內容往往就是主旨。2)作者有意識地反復重復的觀點，通常是主旨；反復出現的詞語，一般為體現文章主旨的關鍵詞；3)段落中出現表轉折的詞語（如however,thus,infact,actually等）時，該句很可能是主題句；

找主題句的小竅門1)首段出現疑問句時，對該問題的回答35例題一

Widespreadmediacoveragehasbeengiventoanewpilltopreventheartdiseaseandstroke.TheSunsaidthepill,calledAteronon,“couldsavethousandsoflives”.TheDailyTelegraphsaidthatthenewproductcontainsanaturalthingfoundintomatoesthatisapowerfulantioxidant.Thenewspapersaidthepillcanpreventthebuild-upoffat.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howwecanpreventheartdisease.B.Anewpillgetsmuchmediaattention.C.Thebuild-upoffatisharmful.D.Anaturalthingwasfoundintomatoes.

開門見山,提出主題,隨之用細節來解釋,支撐或發展主題句所表達的主題思想。B體裁：新聞報道開門見山,提出主題,隨之用細節來解釋,支撐或發展主題句所36例題二：Aneweight-kilometerroadisunderconstructionthatlinkstheportareawithmotorwaysystem.Itisexpectedtocarry20,000trucksandcarsaday,whichgreatlyreducestheovercrowdedtrafficinthecenterofthecity.Aspartoftheproject,twofour-kilometerroadtunnelsarebeingbuiltbelowthecentralareaofthecity,onefortraffictothenorthandtheotherforthetraffictothesouth.Thetwotunnelsareabout20metersbelowthesurfaceandare12meterswide,providingfortwolanesoftrafficineachdirection.Intheupperpartofthetunneltwoair-conditioningpipesremovethewastegasoftrucksandcarsandkeepthequalityofairinsidethetunnel.Thelightingisatthetopofthetunnel,practicallyatitshighestpoint.Therewillalsobeelectricsignsatfrequentintervals.Theyshowtrafficconditionsaheadandcanbeseenclearlybydrivers.Thewallismadeupoffourmainelements,whichincludeawaterproofingcoveringand,ontheinsideofthetunnel,aconcretelining.

例題二：Aneweight-kilometerroad37Eachtunnelisroughlyroundandthelowerpartofthetunnelissomewhatflat.Thesurfaceoftheroadliesonthebase,whichismadeofconcreteandsteel.Thedrainagesystem,justbelowtheroadsurfaceononeside,removesanyextraliquid,particularlywater.Intheeventoffire,thefiremain,whichismadeofsteel,pipeswatertomanyfirehydrantstationsatregularintervalsalongthelengthofthetunnel.Thefiremainisatthesideofthetunnelandattheleveloftheroadsurface.Othersystemsinthetunnelwillincludeemergencyphones.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.A.theconstructionofaroadB.thedesignofaroadC.theconstructionoftwotunnelsD.thedesignoftwotunnelsD體裁：說明文沒有主題句找反復出現的詞語Eachtunnelisroug38文章標題型文章標題就是對文章主要意思的概括，考查對全文中心思想的理解，因此，解答這類題的方法與解答主要內容題基本相同，都是尋找主題句，或歸納主要內容，但與之相對比，卻具備了概括性、針對性、醒目性的特點。文章標題型文章標題就是對文章主要意思的概括，考查對全文中39推敲選項正誤的小竅門：1)正確選項不出現細節信息。2)正確選項一般不含過分肯定或者絕對意義的詞。3)正確選項一般有抽象名詞或概括性詞語。4)四個選項中，內容相近或完全相反的兩個選項中，往往有一個是正確選項。5)干擾項特點：①概括范圍太窄，只含局部信息；②概括范圍太寬，所表達的內容超出或多于文章闡述的內容。③無關信息：即文章中未提到、或找不到語言依據的信息。

推敲選項正誤的小竅門：40例題Ifcarshadwings，theycouldflyandthatjustmighthappen,beginningin2011.ThecompanyTerrafugia,basedinWoburn,Massachusetts,saysitplanstodeliveritscar-plane,theTransition,tocustomersbytheendof2011.“It’sthenext‘wow’vehicle，”saidTerrafugiavicepresidentRichardGersh.“AnybodycanbuyaFerrari,butaswesay,Ferrarisdon’tfly.”Thecar-planehaswingsthatunfoldforflying—aprocessthecompanysaystakesoneminute—andfoldbackupfordriving.Arunwayisstillrequiredtotakeoffandland.TheTransitionisbeingmarketedmoreasaplanethatdrivesthanacarthatflies,althoughitisboth.ThecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAAtomeetaircraftregulations,andwiththeNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationtomeetvehiclesafetyregulations.ThecompanyisaimingtoselltheTransitiontoprivatepilotsasamoreconvenientandcheaperwaytofly.Theysayitsavesyouthetroublefromtryingtofindanothermodeoftransportationtogettoandfromairports:Youdrivethecartotheairportandthenyou’regoodtogo.Whenyouland,youfoldupthewingsandhittheroad.Therearenoexpensiveparkingfeesbecauseyoudon’thavetostoreitatanairport—youparkitinthegarageathome.體裁：說明文例題體裁：說明文41Thecar-planeisdesignedtoflyprimarilyunder10,000feet.Ithasamaximumtake-offweightof1,430pounds,includingfuelandpassengers.TerrafugiasaystheTransitionreducesthepotentialforanaccidentbyallowingpilotstodriveunderbadweatherinsteadofflyingintomarginalconditions.TheTransition’spricetag:$194,000,Buttheremaybeadditionalchargesforoptionslikearadio,transponderorGPS.Anotheroptionisafull-planeparachute.“Ifyougetintoaveryawfulsituation,itisthenecessarysafetyoption，”Gershsaid.Sofar,thecompanyhasmorethan70orderswithdeposits.“We’reworkingverycloselywiththem,buttherearestillsomeremainingsteps,”Brownsaid.（）What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．CarsWithWingsMayBeJustAroundtheCornerB．WhichtoChoose:AFerrarioraCarPlane?C．AMoreConvenientandCheaperWaytoFlyD．CarsWithWingsCanFlyasFastasPlanesAThecar-planeisdesigned42寫作目的型這類題的題干中常有purpose，或者后面接有目的的動詞不定式，如：intendto,meantto,（inorder）to。我們可以根據文章的主旨和體裁來判斷作者的寫作目的，因此，文章的首尾段或每段的首尾是閱讀的重點，作者的寫作意圖往往就隱含在其中。寫作目的型43與寫作目的對應的文章如下：1)toentertainreaders（使讀者愉悅、發笑）：常見于個人經歷或故事類的文章。2)topersuadereaders（說服讀者接受某種觀點）：常見于廣告或議論文。3)toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息）：多見于新聞報道類、科普類、文化類或社會類的文章，以及勸告性或建議性的文章。與寫作目的對應的文章如下：44例題一：Howshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflation(通貨膨脹)?Leftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvalue,howeverhightheinterestrate.Onlyabraveman,oraveryrichone,darestobuyandsellontheStockMarket.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavings,andevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclocks,whichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques.首段出現疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨。HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclocks,whichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques.例題一：首段出現疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨。45……They…inventedwater-clocks.Indeed,anyseriousstudentsofantiqueshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalaces,statelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast.Antiqueclockscouldbeveryexpensive,butoneofthejoysofcollectingclocksisthatitisstillpossibletofindquitecheaponesforyourownhome.Afterall,ifyouaregoingtoberuledbytime,whynotinvestin