ProcessingPromoters

forTireCompoundProcessing

用于輪胎膠料的加工助劑Dr.LotharSteger/范汝良RheinChemieRheinauGmbH萊茵化學（青島）有限公司[

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][Folie:1

]ProcessingPromotersProcessingPromoters

forTireProcessingPromoters:Definition

加工助劑的定義?ProcessingPromoters

aretailermadeadditives,whichenableahomogeneousmixingandthesubsequentprocessingoftherubbercompound“

加工助劑是一種量身定做的添加劑，它們可以實現均相混煉并改善后續加工行為。

ProcessingPromoters

improvetheextrusion,calanderingandmoldingperformancebutdonotnegativelyinfluencethevulcanizationpropertiesofthemixture.“它們可以改善擠出、壓延和模壓硫化性能并且不會對硫化膠性能帶來負面影響。[

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]2ProcessingPromotersProcessingPromoters:DefinitCorrelation–生產過程與實驗設備的相關性ProductionandLaboratoryEquipment高壓毛細管流變儀門尼粘度擠出機流變硫化儀模壓硫化混煉擠出注壓硫化剪切速率粘度[

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]3ProcessingPromotersCorrelation–生產過程與實驗設備的相關性高壓毛DivisionofProcessingPromotersaccordingtoTheirChemicalComposition根據化學組成對加工助劑的分類ChemicaldescriptionExamplesHydrocarbons碳氫化合物Paraffinicwaxesandoils鏈烷烴蠟Metalsoaps金屬皂類Zn-,Ca-,Mg-,K-soaps鋅/鈣/鎂/鉀皂Carboxyl-organiccompounds羧基化合物Fatty-acids,-alcohols,-esters脂肪酸、脂肪醇、脂肪脂類Resins樹脂類Petroleum-,Indene-Coumarone-,Phenolic-resins石油/古馬隆-茚/酚醛Crosslinkedglycerides交聯甘油酯Vulcanizedvegetableoils交聯植物油Polymerswithlowmolecularweigth低分子量聚合物Poly-ethylene,-propylene,-butadiene聚乙烯、聚丙烯、丁二烯Otherorganiccompoundswithhetereoatoms其它雜原子有機物Aryldisulphide,Fatty-acid-amide芳基二硫化物、脂肪酸酰胺[

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]4ProcessingPromotersDivisionofProcessingPromotDivisionofProcessingPromotersaccordingtotheir

effectsinthetirecompound根據對輪胎膠料的影響的分類Effectintire輪胎膠compound料影響ChemicalComposition化學組成TradeNames商品名MasticationAgent塑解劑2,2‘-dibenzamido-diphenyldisulfideFe-complexwithorganicadditivesRenacit11Aktiplast8Dispersant分散劑Fatty-acid,-alcohol,-ester脂肪酸醇酯MixtureofZn-soap,fatty-ester,fillerAflux42AktiplastSTLubricant潤滑劑Zn-soaps鋅皂Ca-soaps鈣皂AktiplastPPAflux16Homogenizer均勻劑Specialfractionhydrocarbonresins特殊碳氫樹脂RhenosinTP100Tackifier增粘劑Indene-Coumarone-Resin/lowm.w.

Alkylatedphenolicresin古馬隆-茚/烷基化酚醛樹脂RhenosinC-30RhenosinPT100[

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]5ProcessingPromotersDivisionofProcessingPromoteProcessingPromoterswithMasticationEffect具有塑煉效果的加工助劑Description組成Effects效果Product產品Fatty-acid,-ester,Fe-hemi脂肪酸/脂/鐵的絡合物MasticationofNR塑煉Aktiplast8Zn-soaps(mainlysaturated),Fe-hemi飽和脂肪酸鋅和鐵的絡合物MasticationofNR,

Improvementofflow塑煉和改善流動性AktiplastMZn-soaps(mainlyunsaturated)Fe-hemi不飽和脂肪酸鋅和鐵的絡合物MasticationofNR,

FillerDispersion塑煉和填料分散AktiplastFAlkylated-Poly-Sulfides,Fatty-acids,Fe-hemi烷基多硫化物/脂肪酸/鐵的絡合物MasticationofNR,塑煉FillerDispersion,填料分散Improvementofflow改善流動Aflux61[

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]6ProcessingPromotersProcessingPromoterswithMastMasticationEffect

塑煉效果MooneyViscosityML1+4/100°CFattyAcidFe-hemiNoneNoneZn-soapsaturatedFe-hemiZn-soapUnsaturatedFe-hemiAlk.-Poly-sulfideFatty-acidsFe-hemiNR,InternalMixer,3‘,dumpedat140℃，天然橡膠在密煉機中密煉3分鐘排膠溫度140℃Aktiplast8AktiplastMAktiplastFAflux61ML1+4/100°C無塑解劑脂肪酸與鐵絡合物飽和鋅皂與鐵絡合物不飽和鋅皂與鐵絡合物烷基多硫化物、脂肪酸與鐵絡合物[

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]7ProcessingPromotersMasticationEffect

塑煉效果MooneyModeofAction

ofProcessingPromoters加工助劑的作用原理內潤滑作用溶解于橡膠中外潤滑作用不溶解于橡膠中分散潤滑[

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]8ProcessingPromotersModeofActionofProcessingPProcessingPromoterEffectsasafunctionoftheirpolymersolubility溶解度不同加工助劑作用效果不同Polymersolubleadditive與橡膠相容intramolecularLubricant分子內潤滑surfacecoatingoffillers;

leadstopolymerswelling填料表面涂層導致橡膠溶脹Dispersant分散Polymerinsolubleadditive與橡膠不相容extramolecularLubricant分子外潤滑migrationtothepolymersurfaceunderstress應力作用下遷移到橡膠表面Lubricant潤滑[

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]9ProcessingPromotersProcessingPromoterEffectsasProcessingPromoterLubricantEffects

加工助劑的潤滑作用p>pcritVgVgwallMixturewallVgFilmslippage膜滑動highprocessingprom.Concentration加工助劑濃度高wallMixtureEffectsatcriticalshearstresswith

activeprocessingpromoters

Effectsatcriticalshearstresswithout

processingpromoter

Wall-SlipWall-StickFilm-Slippage不含加工助劑時臨界剪切應力影響含加工助劑時臨界剪切應力影響[

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]10ProcessingPromotersProcessingPromoterLubricantChangeofpolymerconformationwithshearstress

隨剪切橡膠聚集體結構的變化statisticalpolymercoilinthecoreoftheflowasareaoflowshear低剪切速率區域橡膠分子鏈的卷曲polymerchainorientationathighshearstress高剪切應力下的橡膠分子鏈取向CapillaryWall毛細管壁[

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]11ProcessingPromotersChangeofpolymerconformationAnalyticaldeterminationofsurfaceconcentration

表面濃度的檢測分析SurfaceanalysisviaFTIR-Spectroscopy:SampleCalibrationoftheEPDM-Zinc-Soapmixture:2468100,40,60,811,2ConcentrationZn-soap[phr]ExtinctionReferencepeak:1376/cmRegressioncoeff.=0,99927Characteristicalpatternofthezincsoap:1532[1/cm]ProcessingPromoter[

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]12ProcessingPromotersAnalyticaldeterminationofsuProcessingPromotersLubricantEffect

加工助劑的潤滑效果ProcessingPromotersperformacertainfunctiondeterminedbytheirsolubilityintherubber.加工助劑潤滑效果取決于它們在橡膠中的溶解度Theyreduceshearstressduetohighsurfaceconcentrationsatlocationofhighsheargradient.Theyresolveinthemixafterleavingtheshearzone(die).加工助劑降低剪切應力，這是因為在高剪切區域其濃度很高Eachpolymerorblendneedsitsuniqueprocessingpromotertakingintoaccaounttheprocessingtechnique.任何橡膠或其共混物都有與其相適應的加工助劑ProcessingPromoetrsincreasequalityandquantityofextrusionandinjectionmoldingsignificantly.加工助劑有效增加擠出、注射產品的質量和產量[

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]13ProcessingPromotersProcessingPromotersLubricantTread：CarbonBlack/E-SBR

胎面膠：炭黑/E-SBRSBR1712 110BR-BunaCB10 20N-220 80AromaticOil 10AktiplastGT 3Stearicacid 16PPD 1TMQ 1Wax/Antilux654 2Zn0 3Sulfur 2,2TBBS/VukacitNZ 0,9 加工助劑:AktiplastGT/PP

(Zn-soap/mainlysaturated)Control

withoutProcessingPromoter 100Mixing(Mooney,HPCR)ML1+4/100°C85HPCR100°C/11s-1 85Extrusion(Torsiograph)Extrusionrateg/min104Extrusionvolumecm/min117Curing(Rheovulcameter)Injectionvolumemm3160Injectionspeedmm3/sec115Literature參考文獻ITEC1998Akron/OHRheinChemieTechnicalReport63[

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]14ProcessingPromotersTread：CarbonBlack/E-SBR

胎面膠viscoelasticpropertiesdependstronglyonthedegreeofsilanisation

膠料粘彈性能強烈依賴于硅烷化反應的程度varyinggreenrubberproperties會改變生膠強度

Millingbehaviourstronglydependsondegreeofsilanisation混煉行為強烈依賴于硅烷化反應的程度

Porosity白炭黑的多孔性

Varyingextrudateswell

改變擠出脹大Pluggedventings堵塞排氣孔Problemsrelatedwiththeprocessingofsilicacompounds白炭黑混煉膠存在的弊端[

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]15ProcessingPromotersviscoelasticpropertiesdependTread：CarbonBlack/E-SBR

胎面膠：炭黑/E-SBRS-SBR-BunaVSL1955-S25 96Nd-BR-BunaCB24 30Silica-Ultrasil7000 70CarbonBlackN-110 10X-50S(50%Si-69) 12,5AktiplastST 5ZnO 3Stearicacid 1AromaticOil 20TMQ 16PPD 1,5Antilux654 1,5CBS 1,5DPG 2Sulphur 1,5ProcessingPromoter:AktiplastST(mixtureofZn-soap,fatty-ester,filler)Control

withoutProcessingPromoter100Mixing(Mooney,HPCR)ML1+4/100°C 83HPCR100°C/11s-185Extrusion(Torsiograph)Extrusionrateg/min116Extrusionvolumecm/min117Curing(Rheovulcameter)Injectionvolumemm3200Injectionspeedmm3/sec155LiteratureITEC1996Akron/OHRheinChemieTechnicalReport60[

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]16ProcessingPromotersTread：CarbonBlack/E-SBR

胎面膠InfluenceofAktiplastSTFlowproperties萊茵塑分ST對流動性能的影響01020304050600phr1phr2phr3phr4phr5phr05001.0001.5002.0002.5000phr1phr2phr3phr4phr5phr05.00010.00015.00020.00025.