Unit1Unit1Watchthevideoandanswerthefollowingquestions.WhatconsequencewoulditbeiftheGermantookovertheFrenchnavy?Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement1AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationTheGermanwouldcontroltheMediterranean,depriveBritainofitsaccesstotheSuezCanal,andcutofftheBritishoilsupplies,whichwouldbedisastrous.HeorderedAdmiralSomervilletobombardtheFrenchfleetintheportofOran.HewantedtoshowtheworldandinparticulartheUnitedStatesthatBritainmeanttofighton.2.WhatwasChurchill’splanifFrenchdidnotaccepthischoices?Whywouldhedoso?WatchthevideoandanswerthePre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement2AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationFromIntotheStormPre-readingActivities-AudioChurchill:NowthattheFrenchhavesurrendered,wemustassumethattheirnavywillsoonbeinGermanhand.Thatmustnothappen.WemustkeepcontroloftheMediterranean.WithoutaccesstotheSuezCanal,ouroilsupplieswillbecutoff,whichwouldofcoursebedisastrous.I’vetoldtheFrenchtheymustcontinuetofight,sailtheirshipstoaBritishport,orscuttletheentirefleet.Iftheyacceptnoneofthesechoices,I’veorderedAdmiralSomerville,tobombardtheFrenchfleetintheportofOran.Wehavetoshowtheworld,andinparticulartheUnitedStates,thatwemeantofighton.

VideoScript1AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationChurchill:NowthattheFrenchWorldWarII,ortheSecondWorldWar,themostwidespreadwarinhistory,lastedfrom1939to1945andinvolvedmostoftheworld’snationswhichformedtwoopposingmilitaryalliances,theAlliesandtheAxis.Culturalinformation

1AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationThewarbeganon1September,1939,withtheinvasionofPolandbyGermanyandSlovakia,andsubsequentdeclarationsofwaronGermanybyFranceandmostofthecountriesoftheBritishEmpireandCommonwealth.

WorldWarII,ortheSecondWoFromlate1939toearly1941,inaseriesofcampaignsandtreaties,GermanyconqueredorsubduedmuchofcontinentalEurope.BritainandtheCommonwealthremainedtheonlymajorforcecontinuingthefightagainsttheAxisinNorthAfricaandinextensivenavalwarfare.Churchill’sspeechatHarrowaswasadaptedinthetextwasdeliveredinthishistoricalcontext.Culturalinformation

2AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationFromlate1939toearlyWinstonChurchillSirWinstonLeonardSpencer-Churchill(30November1874—24January1965)wasaBritishpoliticianandstatesmanknownforhisleadershipoftheUnitedKingdomduringtheSecondWorldWar(WWII)andhissuccessinleadinghiscountryfromthebrinkofdefeattovictory.HeservedasPrimeMinistertwice(1940—1945and1951—1955)andiswidelyregardedasoneofthegreatwartimeleaders.Heisanotedstatesmanandorator,historian,writer,andanartist.Todate,heistheonlyBritishprimeministertohavereceivedtheNobelPrizeinLiterature,andthefirstpersontohavebeenrecognizedasanhonorarycitizenoftheUnitedStates.Culturalinformation

3AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationWinstonChurchillCulturalinfoWinstonChurchillwasborntoanaristocraticfamily,withrenownedancestorsandapoliticianfather.Asaprolificwriter,hewroteanovel,twobiographies,threevolumesofmemoirs,andseveralhistoriesinadditiontohismanynewspaperarticles.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein1953“forhisCulturalinformation4masteryof

historicalandbiographicaldescriptionaswellasforbrilliantoratoryindefendingexaltedhumanvalues”.AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationWinstonChurchillwasbStructuralanalysisThistextisaninspiringspeechmadebyWinstonChurchill,GreatBritain’sthenPrimeMinister,whenhevisitedHarrowSchoolon29October,1941.Thewholespeechcanbedividedintothreeparts.PartI(Paragraph1):Someopeningremarks,inwhichChurchillsummarizedtheeventsthathadhappenedsincehislastvisittoHarrow.RhetoricalfeaturesStructuralanalysisPartII(Paragraphs2—5):Thebodyofthespeech,inwhichChurchilldrewthelessonstobelearnedfromthepastyear.StructuralanalysisThisStructuralanalysisRhetoricalfeaturesStructuralanalysisPartIII(Paragraphs6—8):Theconcludingpart,inwhich,bychangingawordintheadditionalverseoftheschoolsong,Churchillexpressedhisconvictionthattheentirenationwasblessedwiththechancetodisplayitscouragetothefullinwhatwas,asheelsewhereputit,itsfinesthour.StructuralanalysisRhetoricalRhetoricalFeatures1AsarepresentativepieceoforationbythegreatoratorChurchill,thisspeechwasmadeeloquentandencouragingbyemployingmanyrhetoricaldevices.Withgenerallyshort(inlength)andsimple(instructure)sentences,themessageconveyedbythespeechwashighlightedbyconstantrepetition,e.g.“Never,Never,Never”inthetitle,andstrengthenedbytheuseofantonyms,e.g.“ups/downs”and“short/long”.RhetoricalfeaturesStructuralanalysisPractice:Findmoreexamplesofrepetitionandpairsofantonymsinthespeech.RhetoricalFeatures1AsDetailedreading1DetailedreadingNEVERGIVEIN,NEVER,NEVER,NEVERWinstonChurchill

1AlmostayearhaspassedsinceIcamedownhereatyourHeadMaster’skindinvitationinordertocheermyselfandcheertheheartsofafewofmyfriendsbysingingsomeofourownsongs.Thetenmonthsthathavepassedhaveseenveryterriblecatastrophiceventsintheworld—upsanddowns,misfortunes—butcananyonesittingherethisafternoon,thisOctoberafternoon,notfeeldeeplythankfulforwhathashappenedinthetimethathaspassedandfortheverygreatimprovementinthepositionofourcountryandofourhome?Why,whenIwasherelasttimewewerequitealone,desperatelyalone,andwehadbeensoforfiveDetailedreading1DetailedreaDetailedreading2Detailedreadingorsixmonths.Wewerepoorlyarmed.Wearenotsopoorlyarmedtoday;butthenwewereverypoorlyarmed.Wehadtheunmeasuredmenaceoftheenemyandtheirairattackstillbeatinguponus,andyouyourselveshadhadexperienceofthisattack;andIexpectyouarebeginningtofeelimpatientthattherehasbeenthislonglullwithnothingparticularturningup!2Butwemustlearntobeequallygoodatwhatisshortandsharpandwhatislongandtough.ItisgenerallysaidthattheBritishareoftenbetteratthelast.Theydonotexpecttomovefromcrisistocrisis;theydonotalwaysexpectthateachdaywillbringupsomenoblechanceofwar;butwhentheyveryslowlymakeuptheirmindsthatthethinghastobedoneandthejobputthroughandfinished,then,evenifittakesmonths—ifittakesyears—theydoit.Detailedreading2DetailedreaDetailedreading3-43AnotherlessonIthinkwemaytake,justthrowingourmindsbacktoourmeetingheretenmonthsagoandnow,isthatappearancesareoftenverydeceptive,andasKiplingwellsays,wemust“…meetwithTriumphandDisaster.Andtreatthosetwoimpostorsjustthesame.”4Youcannottellfromappearanceshowthingswillgo.Sometimesimaginationmakesthings

outfarworsethantheyare;yetwithoutimaginationnotmuchcanbedone.Thosepeoplewhoareimaginativeseemanymoredangersthanperhapsexist;certainlymanymorewillhappen;butthentheymustalsopraytobegiventhatextracouragetocarrythisfar-reachingimagination.Butforeveryone,surely,whatwehavegonethroughinthisperiod—Iamaddressing

DetailedreadingDetailedreading3-43AnotDetailedreading4myselftotheschool—surelyfromthisperiodoftenmonthsthisisthelesson:nevergivein,nevergivein,never,never,never,never—innothing,greatorsmall,largeorpetty—nevergiveinexcepttoconvictionsofhonourandgoodsense.Neveryieldtoforce;neveryieldtotheapparentlyoverwhelmingmightoftheenemy.Westoodallaloneayearago,andtomanycountriesitseemedthat

ouraccountwasclosed,wewerefinished.Allthistraditionofours,oursongs,ourschoolhistory,thispartofthehistoryofthiscountry,weregoneandfinishedandliquidated.DetailedreadingDetailedreading4myselftotheDetailedreading5-6Verydifferentisthemoodtoday.Britain,othernationsthought,haddrawnaspongeacrossherslate.Butinsteadourcountrystoodinthegap.Therewasnoflinchingandnothoughtofgivingin;andbywhatseemedalmostamiracletothoseoutsidetheseislands,thoughweourselvesneverdoubtedit,wenowfindourselvesinapositionwhereIsaythatwecanbesurethatwehaveonlytoperseveretoconquer.Yousanghereaverseofaschoolsong:yousangthatextraversewritteninmyhonour,whichIwasverygreatlycomplimentedbyandwhichyouhaverepeatedtoday.ButthereisonewordinitIwanttoalter—Iwantedtodosolastyear,butIdidnotventureto.Itistheline:“Notlesswepraiseindarkerdays.”DetailedreadingDetailedreading5-6VerydDetailedreading7-87IhaveobtainedtheHeadMaster’spermissiontoalterdarkertosterner.“Notlesswepraiseinsternerdays.”8Donotletusspeakofdarkerdays:letusspeakratherofsternerdays.Thesearenotdarkdays;thesearegreatdays—thegreatestdaysourcountryhaseverlived;andwemustallthankGodthatwehavebeenallowed,eachofusaccordingtoourstations,toplayapartinmakingthesedaysmemorableinthehistoryofourrace.

DetailedreadingDetailedreading7-87IhWhatwasthedifferencebetweenthepresentsituationandthesituationwhenChurchillcametoHarrowSchooltenmonthsago?(Paragraph1)Detailedreading1--QuesionTenmonthsago,Britainwaspoorlyarmed,fightingalone,andfacedwithunmeasuredmenaceoftheenemy.Now,Britainwasnotthatpoorlyarmed,andthesituationwasimproving.DetailedreadingWhatwasthedifferencebetweeWhatdidChurchillmeanbysaying“wemustlearntobeequallygoodatwhatisshortandsharpandwhatislongandtough”?(Paragraph2)Detailedreading2--QuesionBysayingthishemeanttomakehisaudiencefullyawarethattheyshouldnotonlybeabletofightandwinshortandquickbattlesbutalsobereadytofightandwinhardandenduringwars.DetailedreadingWhatdidChurchillmeanbysayWhatlessonhadtheylearnt?(Paragraphs3—4)Detailedreading3-4--QuesionThelessonlearntthroughoutthepasttenmonthswasthatoneshouldnotbedeceivedbyappearancesandshouldnevergiveintotheapparentlyoverwhelmingmightoftheenemy.Withacombinationofimaginationandcourage,theBritishpeoplecouldovercomeanykindofdifficultiesandsmashanyattackoftheenemy.DetailedreadingWhatlessonhadtheylearnt?(WhydidChurchillreplacetheworddarkerwithsterner?(Paragraphs7—8)Detailedreading7-8--QuesionBecausehehadastrongconvictionofvictory.Theworddarkercarriesapessimistictone,foritusuallyindicates“aperiodofunpleasantandfrighteningtime”andimplieshopelessnessinadifficultperiod.Butthewordsterner,althoughithastheidenticalreferent,suggestsatimethatistesting,buttestinginawaythatofferstheBritishtheopportunitytodisplaytheircouragetothefull.DetailedreadingWhydidChurchillreplacetheDetailedreading8–ActivityGroupdiscussionsTopicA:HowdoesthespeakerChurchillimpressyouinthespeech?DoesitcontributetoyourunderstandingoftheWWII?TopicB:HaveyoulearnedanythingfromChurchill’sorationaboutmakingapowerfulspeech?DetailedreadingDetailedreading8–ActivityGroatyourHeadMaster’skindinvitationat:

inresponsetoDetailedreading1–atyourHeadMaster’skindinvitation1e.g.Ameetingwasarrangedattheambassador’srequest.Atmysuggestion,Mrs.Careywrotetoherformeremployer.Collocations:atone’sinvitation/request/suggestion,etc.DetailedreadingTranslation:應(yīng)胡錦濤主席之邀，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)將對(duì)中國(guó)進(jìn)行國(guó)事訪問(wèn)。AttheinvitationofPresidentHuJintao,PresidentoftheUnitedStateswillpayastatevisittoChina.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________atyourHeadMaster’skindinvcatastrophic:

a.involvingorcausingsuddengreatdamageorsufferingDetailedreading1–catastrophicSynonym:disastrousDetailedreadingCollocations:catastrophicfloods/losses/effects/resultsDerivation:catastrophen.

catastrophic:a.involvingorDetailedreading1--upsanddownsupsanddowns:

amixtureofgoodthingsandbadthingse.g.Sittingbesidethewindow,herecalledtheupsanddownsofhisparenthood.DetailedreadingTranslation:從1999年建立以來(lái)，公司歷經(jīng)盛衰浮沉。Theorganizationhasexperienceditsupsanddownssinceitwasfoundedin1999.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Detailedreading1--upsanddoDetailedreading1--positionposition:

situationataparticulartimeSynonym:situationDetailedreadinge.g.Itistimethosecompaniesrevealedmoreabouttheirfinancialposition.Theirsoccerteamisgoingtobeinaverydifficultpositionifnothingparticularshowsup.Detailedreading1--positionpoDetailedreading2--throwingour

throwingourmindsbacktoourmeetingheretenmonthsago:

recollectingourmeetingatHarrowSchooltenmonthsagoe.g.Pleasethrowyourmindbackto1945,whenpeopleallovertheworldwereengagedinagreatwaragainsttheFascists.DetailedreadingDetailedreading2--throwingoDetailedreading3--meetwithmeetwith:

experience;undergoDetailedreadinge.g.Attemptstofindcivilianvolunteershavemetwithembarrassingfailure.EffortstoputtheRussianspaceprogrammeintomarkethavemetwithlittlesuccess.Shewasworriedthathemighthavemetwithanaccident.Detailedreading3--meetwithmDetailedreading3--imagination

...imaginationmakesthingsoutfarworse...:

...whatoneimaginestendstobeworsethanreality...e.g.Howdoyoumakethatout(=whatareyourreasonsforthinkingthat)?[+wh-]Ican’tmakeoutwhatshewants.Detailedreadingmakeout:

seeorunderstand

Paraphrase:Ican’tmakeouthowtoputitback.

Idon’tknow/understandhowtoputitback.______________________________________Detailedreading3--imaginatioDetailedreading3--far-reachingfar-reaching:a.

havingimportantandwidelyapplicableeffectsorimplicationse.g.Theconsequencesofthedecisionwillbefar-reaching.Theydecidedtocarryonfar-reachingconstitutionalreforms.Collocations:far-reachingconsequences/implications/changes/reformsDetailedreadingDetailedreading3--far-reachiconviction:n.

Detailedreading5–convictione.g.Shewasmotivatedbydeepreligiousconvictions.Infaceofdifficulty,heheldaconvictionthatallwouldbewellintheend.Detailedreading(1)astrongopinionorbelief(2)[U]thefeelingorappearanceofbelievingsth.stronglyorofbeingsureaboutite.g.Hesaidheagreedbuthisvoicelackedconviction.Theleader’sspeechindefenseofthepolicydidn’tcarrymuchconviction.Collocations:political/moralconvictionsconviction:n.Detailedreadinnevergiveinorsurrendertotheseeminglystrongenemyneveryieldtotheapparentlyoverwhelmingmightoftheenemy_________________________________________________Detailedreading5–yieldDetailedreadingyield:v.yield(tosth./sb.):

(formalorliterary)giveupcontrol(of)e.g.Afteralongsiege,thetownwasforcedtoyield.Hereluctantlyyieldedtotheirdemands.Ifthenewlyfoundedregimedoesnotyield,itshouldfacesufficientmilitaryforcetoensureitscertaindefeat.Iyieldedtotemptationandhadachocolatebar.Synonym:surrenderParaphrase:nevergiveinorsurrendertoDetailedreading5–overwhelming

Theevidenceagainsthimwasoverwhelming.Shehadthealmostoverwhelmingdesiretotellhimthetruth.e.g.Detailedreadingoverwhelming:a.

verygreatinamountDerivation:overwhelm:v.defeatormakepowerless(usu.agroupofpeople)bymuchgreaterforceofnumbers;e.g.tooverwhelmtheopposingarmyTranslation:壓倒性的大多數(shù)表決反對(duì)這個(gè)提議。Anoverwhelmingmajorityvotedagainsttheproposal._____________________________________________________________Detailedreading5–overwhelmingDetailedreading6–persevereDetailedreadingpersevere:v.

continueinacourseofactioneveninthefaceofdifficultyorwithlittleornoindicationofsuccessCollocations:persevere(insth./indoingsth.);persevere(withsth./sb.)Despiteanumberofsetbacks,theyperseveredintheirattemptstoflyaroundtheworldinaballoon.Sheperseveredwithherviolinlessons.e.g.Derivations:perseveringa.;perseverancen.Detailedreading6–persevereDeDetailedreading7–compliment1compliment:v.politelycongratulateorpraise(sb.)forsth.e.g.ShecomplimentedhimonhisexcellentGerman.DetailedreadingCollocation:complimentsb.(onsth.)

Thesewordshavesimilarspellingsbutcompletelydifferentmeanings.Ifyoucomplimentsomeone,yousaysomethingverynicetothem.Ifonethingcomplementsanother,thetwothingsworkorlookbetterbecausetheyaretogether.Comparison:compliment&complementDetailedreading7–complimentDetailedreading7–compliment2A.Thedifferentflavorseachotherperfectly.B.ShemeonmyEnglish.

complement______________Detailedreadingcomplimented________________Blankfilling:Detailedreading7–complimentDetailedreading8–venturetodosthCollocations:venturesth.;venturetodosth.;venture+speech;venturethat…Detailedreadingventuretodosth.:

bebraveenoughtosaysth.e.g.Shehardlydaredtoventureanopinion.Shewouldneverventuretoaskforaraise.“AndifIsayno?”sheventured.Translation:我小心翼翼地說(shuō)她可能犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。Iventuredtosuggestthatshemighthavemadeamistake.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Detailedreading8–venturetoDetailedreading1–…youarebeginning……youarebeginningtofeelimpatientthattherehasbeenthislonglull…(Paragraph1)Paraphrase:Youarebeginningtobeanxiousbecausetherehasbeennoprogressofthewarinsuchalongquietperiod.DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–…youarebDetailedreading3–…appearances……appearancesareoftenverydeceptive…(Paragraph3)Paraphrase:Surfacephenomenatendtobemisleading.DetailedreadingDetailedreading3–…appearancDetailedreading3–…butthen……butthentheymustalsopraytobegiventhatextracouragetocarrythisfar-reachingimagination.(Paragraph4)Paraphrase:Theywishtobeequippedwithexcessivecouragetoaccomplishorrealizethiseffectiveandinfluentialblueprint.DetailedreadingDetailedreading3–…butthenDetailedreading10–...ouraccount…...ouraccountwasclosed...(Paragraph4)Rhetoricaldeviceandexplanation:Heretheauthorusesametaphorof“opening/closingabankaccount”tomeanthatBritainisregardedbymanyasdoomedandcompletelydefeatedbytheenemy.Theword“l(fā)iquidated”inthenextsentenceimpliesthesame.Originally,itmeanstocloseabusinessandselleverythingitowns,usuallyinordertopaymoneythatisowed.DetailedreadingDetailedreading10–...ouraccDetailedreading11–Britainother…Britain,othernationsthought,haddrawnaspongeacrossherslate.Butinsteadourcountrystoodinthegap.(Paragraph5)Explanation:Thissentenceusesmetaphorforrhetoricaleffects.Itmeansthat,althoughitwasbelievedourcountryhadbeenvirtuallywipedout,wewereinfactstillholdingoutandshoulderedtheresponsibilityinisolation.drawaspongeacrossherslate:ametaphor,meaningtocompletelywipeoutstandinthegap:toexposeone’sselffortheprotectionofsth.,taketheplaceofafallendefender

DetailedreadingAtthecriticalmomentofworldeconomicrecession,apowerfulgovernmentisneededtostandinthegap.e.g.Detailedreading11–BritainotDetailedreading11–wehaveonly…...wehaveonlytoperseveretoconquer.(Paragraph5)Paraphrase:Wehavenochoicebuttoholdonuntilvictorycomes.DetailedreadingTranslation:我們別無(wú)選擇，只有堅(jiān)持不懈，直到勝利。Detailedreading11–wehaveonConsolidationActivities-VocabularymainPhrasepracticeWordderivationSynonym/AntonymVocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesWritingGrammarConsolidationActivities-VocaConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice11)

Shewouldn’twanttothemthesufferingofahugeceremony.VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammarput2)Thefamousoratorthepublictopromotehisnewlypublishedbook.addressedhimselfto_______________________3)Atthattime,SouthAfricaaperiodofbigeventsastheBlacksfoughtforequality.wasgoingthrough____________________through_____________WritingFillintheblank(s)ineachsentencewithawordorphrasefromthetextinitsappropriateform.ConsolidationActivities-PhrasConsolidationActivities-putsb.throughsth.VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammare.g.你最近讓你的家人受了不少苦。Youhaveputyourfamilythroughalotrecently.putsb.throughsth.:makesb.experiencesth.verydifficultorunpleasantWritingConsolidationActivities-putConsolidationActivities-addressoneselftoVocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammare.g.我們必須要致力于解決交通污染問(wèn)題。Wemustaddressourselvestotheproblemoftrafficpollution.addressoneselfto:

(formal)thinkaboutaproblemorasituationanddecidehowyouaregoingtodealwithitWritingConsolidationActivities-addrConsolidationActivities-gothroughVocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammare.g.我欽佩她經(jīng)歷了那么多苦難以后，依然這樣開(kāi)朗快樂(lè)。Iadmirethewayshe’sstillsocheerfulafterallshe’s

gonethrough.gothrough:

experienceorsuffersth.WritingConsolidationActivities-gotConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.1VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammar1)catastrophen.→catastrophica.→catastrophicallyad.e.g.那場(chǎng)地震是個(gè)大災(zāi)難，奪去了許多人的生命。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的災(zāi)難性后果很快顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)。關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，預(yù)警系統(tǒng)災(zāi)難性地崩潰了。Theearthquakewasamajorcatastrophe,causingheavylossoflife.Thecatastrophicconsequencesofthewarsoonunfolded.TheWarningSystemcatastrophicallycollapsedatthatcriticalmoment.WritingConsolidationActivities-WordConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.2VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammar2)

deceivev.→deceptivea.→deceptivelyad.→deceptionn.e.g.他們騙她在文件上簽了字。外表往往是靠不住的。房子從外面看起來(lái)很小（實(shí)際上很大）。他通過(guò)欺騙手段獲取了那份資產(chǎn)。Theydeceivedherintosigningthepaper.

Appearancescanoftenbedeceptive.Thehouselooksdeceptivelysmallfromtheoutside.Heobtainedthatpropertybydeception.

WritingConsolidationActivities-WordConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.3VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammar3)convictv.→convictionn.e.g.他被判犯有謀殺罪。她是一個(gè)道德信念堅(jiān)定的女子。Hewasconvictedofmurder.Sheisawomanofstrongmoralconvictions.WritingConsolidationActivities-WordConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.4VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammar4)apparenta.→apparentlyad.e.g.今年的利潤(rùn)表面上有所增加，是因?yàn)槌鍪哿斯镜囊徊糠重?cái)產(chǎn)。看來(lái)他們要提高電費(fèi)了。Theapparentimprovementinthisyear’sprofitsisduetothesellingoffofsomeofthecompany’sproperty.Apparently,theyareintendingtoputupthepriceofelectricity.WritingConsolidationActivities-WordConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.5VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammar5)perseverev.→perseveringa.→perseverancen.e.g.如果你把工作堅(jiān)持下去，最終會(huì)取得成功的。瑪麗是一位鍥而不舍的學(xué)生。他學(xué)得慢，但面對(duì)困難卻表現(xiàn)出堅(jiān)忍不拔的毅力。Ifyouperseverewithyourwork,youwillsucceedintheend.Maryisaperseveringstudent.Heisslowtolearn,butshowsgreatperseveranceinthefaceofdifficulty.WritingConsolidationActivities-WordConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.6VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammar6)desperatea.→desperatelyad.→desperationn.e.g.國(guó)家正遭受?chē)?yán)重的食物短缺。因?yàn)槿狈κ澄铮〉醚傺僖幌ⅰＫ活櫼磺械仄疵唛T(mén)，企圖逃出去。Thecountryissufferingfromadesperateshortageoffood.Duetothelackoffood,hebecamedesperatelyill.Indesperation,hekickedatthedoor,hopingtoescape.WritingConsolidationActivities-WordConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.7VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammar7)flinchv.→flinchinga.

Ant.unflinchinga.→unflinchinglyad.e.g.看到血，他畏縮了。在最艱難的時(shí)期，她忠貞不移地陪伴著他。他毫不畏懼地直面我的注視。Heflinchedatthesightofblood.Inthehardesttime,sheaccompaniedhimwithunflinchingloyalty.Hemetmygazeunflinchingly.WritingConsolidationActivities-WordConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.8VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammar8)couragen.→courageousa.→encouragev.→

encouraginga.e.g.她聽(tīng)到這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，表現(xiàn)出了非凡的勇氣。你坦白承認(rèn)自己的錯(cuò)誤，真是勇敢。你應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)她去追逐自己的夢(mèng)想，而不應(yīng)該將你自己的想法強(qiáng)加于她。最近的貿(mào)易數(shù)字非常令人鼓舞。Sheshowedremarkablecouragewhensheheardthebadnews.Itwascourageousofyoutofranklyadmityourmistake.Youshouldencourageherinpursuitofherdreams,insteadofimposingyourownthoughtsuponher.Thelatesttradefiguresareveryencouraging.WritingConsolidationActivities-Wordhappy,successfulConsolidationActivities-Synonym/Antonym11.Wehadtheunmeasuredmenaceoftheenemy.Synonym:threat,danger2.Thetenmonthsthathavepassedhaveseenveryterriblecatastrophiceventsintheworld—upsanddowns.Antonym:VocabularyTranslationIntegratedskillsOralactivitiesGrammarWritinghappy,successfulConsolidationConsolidationActivities-Synonym/Antonym23.…,eachofusaccordingtoourstations,toplayapartinmakingthesedaysmemorableinthehistoryofourrace.Synonyms:position4.Neveryieldtoforce;neveryieldtotheapparentl