Chapter10國際時事SECTIONI:相關詞匯AABM（antiballisticmissile）[軍]AntiballisticMissile,反彈道導彈absolutism

n.專制主義ACLU（AmericanCivilLibertiesUnion）n.美國公民自由協會AffirmativeAction

n.平權措施[詳析]asinAffirmativeAction&EqualOpportunity（AAEO）--lawsmandatingincreasednumbersofwomenandminorities,especiallyinemployment.anightmarishday

噩夢般的一天aerosolspray

n.（用以自衛的）噴霧劑airbase

n.空軍基地airraid

n.空襲airborne

n.空降部隊[詳析]：Soldierstrainedtoattackfromtheair,byparachuteorhelicopteraircraftcarrier

航母airforceone

美國空軍一號[詳析]：anyairplanecarryingthepresidentairmarshal

為預防劫機而在客機上設的隨機軍官[詳析]：afederalmarshalwhoridescommercialflights,armedtopreventhijackingsaircraftcarrier

n.航空母艦airpiracy

n.劫機airstrike

n.空襲all-outattack

n.全面進攻[例句]：TheUnitedStatesanditspartnershavebeenurgingtheoppositiontoavoidlaunchinganall-outattackonKabuluntilabroad-basedgovernmentcanbeformedtoreplacetheTaliban.amendment

n.憲法、法案等修正案anarchism

n.無政府主義anarchist

n.無政府主義者AndeanSummit

安第斯集團峰會（拉美國家）Anthrax

n.炭疽anonymity

n.匿名armada

n.艦隊armistice

n.停戰協議artillery

n.大炮；炮兵部隊assassination

n.暗殺，行刺asymmetricalwarfare

n.不對等作戰[詳析]：battlebetweendifferentforces,suchasterroristsvs.conventionalforces.attorneygeneral

n.首席檢察官，司法部長autocracy

n.獨裁政治，獨裁政府axisofevil

n.邪惡軸心[詳析]可指以下兩方面：1.countriestobeattacked;Bushadministrationhitlist（currentlyincludesIran,NorthKorea,andpossiblynowSyria-threateningmovesagainstCubaandVenezuelaalsomadebythisregime）布什政府襲擊的黑名單2.Bush-Cheney-Rumsfieldadministration指以布什-切尼-拉姆斯非德為核心的‘邪惡軸心’Bballisticmissile

n.彈道飛彈battalion

n.軍營；軍隊bestialact

n.獸行bigotry

n.偏見、偏執、持偏見的行為[態度]等bill

n.法案、議案BillofRights

n.權利和自由法案，<美>美國憲法前十條修正案biochemterrorism

n.生化恐怖主義biologicalweapons

n.生物武器biometrics

n.生物測定[詳析]：themeasurementofbiologicalcharacteristicssuchasfingerprintsoririsscansbioterrorism

n.生物恐怖主義bioterrorismpreparedness

n.生物恐怖預防bipartisan（=bipartizan）

adj.[美]兩黨的；代表兩黨的；得到兩黨支持的blitz

n.閃電戰（尤指空襲）[例句]：BritainjoinedU.S.-ledattacksonAfghanistanbodyscan

人身掃描[詳析]："soft"x-rayscanthatdoesnotpenetratethebody,butrevealsitscontours,allowingscreenerstospotplasticorceramicweaponsapassengeriscarryingCcabinet

n.內閣、政府capitalism

n.資本主義CampDavid

位于馬里蘭州的總統度假地戴維營cannon

n.大炮；v.炮轟cargoplanes

n.運輸機[例句]：U.S.AirForceC-17cargoplanesflyingfromRamsteinAirBase,Germany,weredroppingfoodandmedicalsuppliesinsideAfghanistanaspartofPresidentBush'sefforttoaiddisplacedcivilians.carpetbomb

v.地毯式轟炸[例句]：U.S.planescarpet-bombedTalibanfrontlinesnorthofKabulonWednesdayandattackedtheMuslimmilitia'spowerbaseofKandaharinsoutheastAfghanistan,hittingaclinic.carrier

n.航空母艦catastrophicsuccess[]

災難性勝利，指大規模、絕對性的勝利，并不是造成災難的意思casualties

n.傷亡人員[例句]：thecity'shospitalswereswampedwithcasualties.cavalry

n.原指騎兵；現指（需要借助車直升機快速移動的）突擊部隊[詳析]：Cavalryisanarmycomponentusingmotorvehiclesorhelicoptersandassignedtocombatmissionsthatrequiregreatmobility.cease-fire

n.停戰censorship

n.審查制度[詳析]：suppressingbooks,plays,music,newspapers,speech,etc.becausetheyareconsideredmorallyorpoliticallyobjectionable.chancellor

n.長官、大臣、（德國）總理chaos

n.混亂chemicalweapons

n.化學武器chemterrorism

n.化學恐怖主義CIA

（centralintelligenceagency）美國中央情報局circuitcourt

n.巡回法庭civilrights

公民權（基于公民權而屬于個人的權利，尤指由美國憲法第十三次和第十四次修正案及后續的國會法令所保證的基本自由和權利，包括公民自由、正當手續、法律平等保護和不受歧視）civilwar

n.內戰Chinook

n.“支奴干”運輸直升機，世界著名的重型運輸直升機[詳析]：Chinookisoneofthemosteasilyidentifiedhelicoptersintheworld.clusterbomb

n.集束炸彈，又稱子母彈collapse

v./n.倒塌[例句]：Atthepentagon,thesymbolandcommandcenterforthenation'smilitaryforce,one’s

ideaofthebuildingcollapsedassmokebillowedoverthePotomacriver.collateraldamage

n.附帶損害，尤指的是在沖突中無辜百姓的死亡；施瓦辛格同名電影[詳析]：Civiliancasualtiesandcivilianpropertydamageinanattackonamilitarytarget.collectivism

n.集體主義commander-in-chief

n.司令官commando

n.突擊隊[例句]：Taliban'stroopshitasalliesplanforcommandoraids.Communism

n.共產主義congress

n.（代表）大會Congress

n.（美國等國的）國會，議會conscription

n.征兵強迫征募，尤指軍隊；征兵conservatism

n.保守主義，守舊性[詳析]：anideologythatadvocatesbalanceandorder,tradition,individualism,andnaturallaw.conspiracy

n.陰謀，共謀TheConstitution

n.憲法conventionaldisarmament

常規裁軍counterterrorismn.反恐，反暴行cruisemissile

n.巡航導彈[詳析]：missilewithaguidancesystemtodeliverittoaspecifiedtargetcyberterrorism

n.網絡恐怖主義Ddeathtoll

n.死亡人數debris

n.碎片，殘骸debunkvt.揭穿，拆穿假面具DeclarationofIndependence

[美]獨立宣言decriminalization

n.合法化D-Day

作戰行動的發起日S-Day

特種部隊投入戰斗的那一天G-Day

地面部隊開始參戰日A-Day

大規模空襲行動之日deliberateanddeadlyterroristacts

有預謀的、致命的恐怖主義行動[例句]：Today,ourfellowcitizens,ourwayoflife,ourveryfreedomcameunderattackinaseriesofdeliberateanddeadlyterroristacts.DeltaForce

（美國專門用來進行反恐怖行動的）"三角洲"特種部隊[詳析]：DeltaForceisoneoftheu.s.military'selitespecialunits,drawingmembersfromallmilitarybranches.dictator

n.獨裁者disinformation

n.故意的假情報doublespeak

n.故弄玄虛的言詞，欺人之談doublethink

n.思想矛盾DIA

（defenseintelligenceagency）

美國國防情報局disarmament

裁軍disastrousattacks

災難性的襲擊drasticchangesineasternEurope

東歐劇變dumbbomb

自由下落炸彈；普通炸彈；傻瓜炸彈Eelection

n.選舉embeddedreporters

-reporterswhoareabsorbedintoanadvancingmilitaryunit,andwhomayevendresslikesoldiers,sothattheycanmakerealtimereportsfromthefrontline.emergencyteams

緊急救援隊EastTurkistanterrorist

"東突"恐怖分子escaperoute

脫險路線Eurocorps

n.歐洲軍團evacuate

v.疏散；使（所有人）撤離[例句]：Notknowingifmoreattackswereontheway,authoritiesevacuatedkeylandmarkslikethewhitehouse,thefire-damagedpentagon,thesearstowerinChicago,theCIAbuildingandtheWaltDisneythemeparks.evolution

n.進展，演變，發展executivebranch

n.[美]行政部門[詳析]：oneofthethreemainbranchesoftheU.S.governmentwhichconsistsof10officesand14departmentswhichareledbythePresident.[擴展]:

judicialbranch

n.[美]司法部門legislativebranch

n.[美]立法部門expeditionaryforce

遠征軍expresscondolencetosomebody

向某人表示哀悼[例句]：ChinesepresidentJiangZeminexpresseddeepsympathytobushandtotheUSgovernmentandpeoplefortheterroristattacksagainsttheus.Healsoexpressedcondolencestothefamilymembersofthevictims.extremist

n.極端分子Ffascism

n.法西斯主義，極端的國家主義FBI

（federalbureauofinvestigations）

美國聯邦調查局FCC

（FederalCommunicationsCommission）（美國）通信委員會FederalReserveSystem

（美國）聯邦備銀行制度[詳析]：theU.S.federalbankingsystemthatisunderthecontrolofacentralboardofgovernors（FederalReserveBoard）withacentralbank（FederalReserveBank）ineachofthe12districts.Ithaswidepowersincontrollingcreditandtheflowofmoney.fieldhospital

n.野戰醫院fighterhelicopter

n.戰斗直升機fighterwing

n.戰斗機聯隊firemission

n.射擊任務firstaid

n.急救flare

n.照明彈；信號彈fleet

n.艦隊flightrefueling

n.空中加油flyaflagathalf-mast

降半旗foodpolice

n.食品警察[詳析]：individualsorgroupswhouseapoliticalbiasasastandardtodeterminewhatis,andisnot,healthyorappropriateforhumanconsumption.foray

n./v.突襲forcedlanding

n.迫降fortification

防御工事foxhole

n.散兵坑freespeech

n.言論自由GGestapo

n.<德>蓋世太保，納粹秘密警察genocide

n.有計劃的種族滅絕genocidebyattrition

緩慢種族滅絕genocide

n.滅絕種族者gentlemen'sagreement

n.君子協定grandjury

n.大陪審團[詳析]：ajurydesignatedtoinquireintoallegedillegalitiestodeterminewhetherornotthereissufficientevidencetowarrantatrial.gravitas

n.莊嚴的舉止，莊嚴grenade

n.手榴彈Groundzero

常規導彈瞄準的目標或核設備爆炸點，美國9·11恐怖襲擊事件中指當初世貿中心姊妹樓矗立的地方已變成了一堆廢墟。[詳析]：thenicknamequicklyassignedtothecleanupsiteattheworldtradecenter.thephraseinitiallymeantthesiterightbelowwhereanuclearweapondetonatesHhandover

交出，移交[例句]：InthedaysfollowingthestrikesattheWorldTradehard-lineIslamists

n.強硬派伊斯蘭教徒homicidebombers-terroristswhokillthemselveswhilemurderingothers.Thistermisusedasaharsherwaytodescribeasuicidebomber.hatecrimes

n.處于仇恨的犯罪hesperophobia

（fearofthewest）

n.對西方的恐懼highseas

n.公海highestalert

n.一級戒備[例句]：TheU.S.militarywentonhighestalerttodayaftertheworstterroristattacksinthenation'shistorycrippledNewYork’sfinancialcenterandstruckattheheartofthefederalgovernmentinWashington.hijackvt.劫持[例句]：Thehijackedplanesdestroyedtwintowers.hittargets

n.攻擊目標holywarriors

n.圣斗士homelandsecurity

n.國土安全hostage

n.

人質hostileforces

n.敵對勢力IICBM

（InterContinentalBallisticMissile）

洲際彈道導彈impeachment

n.彈劾，指摘[詳析]：aformalaccusationinCongressorstatelegislatureagainstapublicofficialandtheresultingtrial.Isolationism

n.孤立主義，一種避免與其它國家建立政治或經濟關系的國家政策IRS

（InternalRevenueService）

n.美國國稅局infantry

n.步兵團INS

immigrationandnaturalizationservice

美國移民歸化局internationalcommonpractice

n.國際慣例internationaltribunal

n.國際法庭IW（informationwarfare）

n.信息戰K,Lkamikazeattack神風式飛機的攻擊--二戰時期日本與對手同歸于盡的自殺性飛行攻擊[例句]：minuteslatercamethereportofathirdkamikazeattackonthepentagon.kneecap

一種打穿膝蓋骨的懲罰，常被北愛爾蘭IRA（共和軍）用于跟英國政府合作的“叛徒”。[詳析]：KneecapisapunishmentcommoninnorthernIrelandbytheIRAforthoseaccusedofbeingcollaboratorswiththeBritish.Itinvolveseithertheshootingorbreakingoftheaccused'skneecap.labourparty

n.工黨[詳析]：apoliticalpartyinGreatBritain,formedin1900andcharacterizedchieflybybroadsocialreforms.laborunion（orsimply‘union’）

n.工會landmines

n.地雷陣launchstrikes

發動進攻[例句]：U.S.andBritainhaslaunchedAfghanstrikes.libertarian

n.自由意志主義者，行動自由論者[詳析]：apersonwhoadvocatesfreedomfromdespoticgovernmentruleandwhobelievesinfreewill;everypersonhastheabsoluterighttocontrolhisownproperty,life,thoughts,body,speech,conduct,etc.andisobligedtorespectthesesamerightsofothers.lobbyist

n.活動議案通過者，說客[詳析]：onewhoistopromote（asaproject）orsecurethepassageof（aslegislation）byinfluencingpublicofficialsMmartyrdom

n.殉教，殉道，犧牲[詳析]：HamasspiritualleaderYassin,killedinarecentIsraelimissileattack,oncesaid:“Wedonotfeardeaththreats.Weareseekersofmartyrdom.”martyr

n.殉教者，烈士maneuversn.大型戰術訓練演習massrescue

n.大規模援救[例句]：NewYorkbeginsmassiverescueeffort.metaldetectors機場安檢處）金屬探測器[例句]：Metaldetectorswouldnotpreventhijackersfrombringingceramicorplasticweaponsontoaitantadj.好戰的，積極從事或支持使用武力的military

n.武裝力量[詳析]U.S.armedforcescomprisedoftheNavy,Army,AirForce,andMitaryadvisoryteam

n.軍事顧問團militarybuildup

n.軍事集結[例句]：TheUnitedStateshassentsome1,000soldierstoUzbekistanaspartofitsbiggestmilitarybuildupsincethe1991GulfWitarycapabilities

n.軍事能力monarchy

n君主政體，君主政治，君主國multinationalpeace-keepingforce

多國維持和平部隊mustardgas

n.芥子氣，一種毒氣，對皮膚和粘膜有腐蝕性，并能引起嚴重的甚至是致命的呼吸道損害。它是一戰期間作為一種戰爭化學武器被引入的。Nneutralcountry/state

n.中立國notundertaketorenouncetheuseofforce

不承諾放棄使用武器nucleararsenal

n核軍火庫nationalism

n.民族主義，民族獨立運動Nazi

n.納粹黨人

adj.納粹的，專橫的Neocon（Neo-conservative）[美]n.新保守主義者，新保守派[詳析]：Jewish-Americans,formerlyasfarleftastobesocialist/communist,,whohavemovedovertothepoliticalright.OneofitsmaintenetsisthevitalimportanceofIsraelasastrategicpartnertotheU.S.NewWorldOrder

n.新世界秩序[詳析]：aconspiracytheoryregardinganextremelypowerfulandinfluentialdoomsdaycult,generallyreferredtoastheIlluminati.non-aggressivestance

n.非暴力政策Nostradamus

諾斯卑達穆斯（法國醫生和占星家）[詳析]：16thcenturyFrenchphysician,astrologerandpoetwhoisviewedbysomeasaprophet.linesofsomeofhispoemswerepulledoutofcontextandstrungtogether,alongwithsomeversesNostradamusneverwrote,tosuggesthehadpredictedtheSept.11attack.NOW（NationalOrganizationforWomen）

n.國家婦女組織[詳析]：AnAmericanorganizationthatseekstopromoteequalrightsforwomenandenddiscriminationagainstwomeninallareasofemployment,education,themilitary,socialorganizations,etc.Ooutlays

n.費用operation

n.軍事行動[詳析]：美國的幾次著名行動代號OperationEagleClaw鷹爪行動1980年，伊朗OperationJustCause

正義事業行動，1989-1990年，巴拿馬OperationDesertShield/Storm沙漠盾牌/風暴行動，1990-1991年從科威特驅逐伊拉克部隊OperationRestoreHope重拾希望行動，1991-1993年，索馬里人道主義和維和行動。OperationEnduringFreedom持久自由行動（原名為無限正義行動，OperationInfiniteJustice）2023年，"9·11""事件之后在阿富汗的作戰行動OperationIraqiFreedom自由伊拉克行動，2023年，美軍向伊拉克發起進攻OperationShockandAwe震懾行動，2023年，對伊拉克高密度轟炸動Opiumn.鴉片[例句]：Afghanistanistheworld'slargestproducerofopium.ordnancen.軍火，軍械戰備[詳析]：militarymateriel,suchasweapons,ammunition,combatvehicles,andequipment.P,QP5

聯合國安全理事會五個常任理事國[詳析]：thepermanentfivemembersoftheUNSecurityCouncil:China,England,France,Russia,AndTheU.S.A.parliament

n.國會，議會partizan

n.黨羽，某個黨派、事業、派系、人或思想的狂熱的支持者或反對者Patriotmissile

n.“愛國者”導彈payaprice

付出代價[例句]："NowtheTalibanwillpayaprice,"Bushvowed.perjury

n.偽誓，偽證PETA（PeoplefortheEthicalTreatmentofAnimals）

n.美國人道對待動物協會[詳析]：Agroupthatsupportsanimal"rights"byprotestingmedicaltestingonanimalsandtheuseofanimalstomakeclothing,cosmetics,andotherconsumablesincludingfood.piracy

n.侵犯版權，非法翻印，盜版platoon

n.[軍]排plutocracy

n.富豪統治politicalunrestn.政治動蕩局面post-traumaticstressdisorder

（由于戰傷，恐怖等原因所引起的）外傷性神經失調癥[詳析]：commonailmentforsurvivorsandrescueworkersindisasterspound

v.猛烈轟炸[例句]：U.S.airstrikespoundAfghanhomes.Presidentialelection

n.總統選舉adverseelectionresults

不利的選舉結果ballot

v.投票；選舉/拉選票

n.選票campaign

v./n.競選活動，從事競選活動candidate

n.候選人canvass

v.游說、拉選票charisma

n.領袖魅力controversy

n.爭議，論戰Democraticparty

（美）民主黨派electorate

n.全體選民eloquent

adj.口才很好的graciousloser

n.輸得起的人；有風度的輸家heavypoll

n.得票率高impeachment

n.彈劾jubilantvictorycelebration

n.勝利的歡慶場面nominee

n.候選人；被提名者opinionpoll

n.民意測驗poll

n./v.投票；投票數pollstation/thepoll

投票站RepublicanParty（美）共和黨TVdebate

n.電視辯論voter

n.選民neckandneck

adj.并駕齊驅；不分上下landslide

n.占絕對優勢的選舉；壓倒多數的選票landslidevictory

n.巨大的勝利proliferation

n.擴散proposal

n.倡議書pullback

n./v.撤軍[例句]：Palestinianssaidthepullbackshouldbecarriedoutunconditionally,andtheUnitedStateskeptupitspressuretoendtheoperation,whichisIsrael'smostintensivein13monthsoffighting.quota

n.配額，限額[詳析]：thenumberofpersonsofaspecificraceorgenderrequiredtobeenrolledinacollege,tobehiredbyacompany,tobeadmittedtoaclub,etc.Rrecall

[美]（投票）罷免recession

n.工商業之衰退，不景氣reinforcements

n.援軍，増援rescue

n./v.營救rescuecrews/workers

救援人員retaliation

n.報復retaliatoryattacks

n.報復性襲擊revenueenhancement

n.稅收增加[詳析]：atermusedtodescribeataxincrease,withouthavingtocallitataxincrease."roadmap"peaceplanfortheMiddleEast

中東和平“路線圖”rubble

n.碎石，廢墟SSafeHouse

n.（間諜、恐怖分子的）藏身房，安全房sarin

n.沙林，一種用作神經性毒氣的化學劑seachange

海洋式轉變，巨大變化，源自莎士比亞的劇本臺詞。[詳析]：clichéoftenusedtodescribethevastchangeininternationalrelationsoru.s.outlookcausedbytheterroristattack.fromShakespeare's"theTempest":"nothingofhimthatdothfadebutdothsufferasea-changeintosomethingrichandstrange."secede

vi.正式脫離或退出，分離secretballot

不記名投票SecretService

（政府的）特務機關，情報機關SecurityCouncil

n.聯合國安全理事會shrapnel

n.流霰彈[例句]：Hesaidabombormissilehadexplodednearbyandshrapnellandedonhishouse.skyjacking

n.劫機[詳析]：thehijackingofanairlinerbyterroristssmallpox

n.天花[例句]：Within48hours,smallpoxcouldtravelfromNewYorktoItalytoBaghdad.socialism

n.社會主義，社會主義運動specialforces

n.特種部隊spiritualleader

n.精神領袖squad

n.[軍]班，分隊，小組，小隊suicidesquad敢死隊stealthn.秘密行動stripthecitizenship

取消國籍stronghold

n.要塞據點stungun

眩暈槍[例句]：PresidentBushhasproposedarmingpilotswithstunguns.Theairlinepilotsassociationwantspilotsarmedwithfirearmssuicidebombing

n.自殺性爆炸surgicalstrike

n.外科手術式襲擊，指精確而迅速的襲擊，一般為空襲[詳析]：militaryoperationwithalimitedobjective,performedwithprecisionandswiftness,usuallyfromtheairsyndicalism

[]

n.工會組織主義，職能政府論symmetricalwarfare

n.對稱作戰[詳析]：battlebetweenlikeforces:tanksvs.tanksandaircraftvs.aircraft.waronterrorismmaybelargelyasymmetricalTteargas

催淚彈terrorprobe

（為預防恐怖活動）收取情報terrorism

n.恐怖主義，恐怖行為terroristacts

n.恐怖行為，恐怖活動terroristgroup

n.恐怖組織terroristmastermind

恐怖大亨[例句]：Thecountry'srulingTalibanmilitiadeclaredtheassaulta``terroristattack''andsaidallegedterroristmastermindOsamabinLadenandTalibanleaderMullahMomammedOmarhadsurvived.theBushAdministration

布什政府thedisintegrationofthesovietunion

蘇聯解體theMiddleEastpeaceprocess

中東和平進程theWorldEnergyconference

世界能源會議thinktank

n.智囊團[詳析]：aresearchinstituteorotherorganizationofscholars,socialorphysicalscientists,etc.thoughtpolice-individualsorgroupswhouseapoliticalbiasasastandardtodeterminewhatis,andisnot,appropriateforotherstothinkorsay.TMD（TheaterMissileDefensesystem）

戰區導彈防御體系towantsomebodydeadoralive

無論是生是死，

都要將其緝拿Tory

n.保守黨黨員，保皇黨人adj.保守分子的[詳析]：amemberoftheconservativepartyinGreatBritainorCanada.toxin

n.毒素TwinTowers

姊妹樓，又稱雙子座，美國世貿中心原七座大樓中的主要建筑tyranny

n.暴政，苛政，專治UUnitedNations

n.聯合國[詳析]：aninternationalorganization,headquarteredinNewYorkCity,formedtopromoteinternationalpeace,security,andcooperationunderthetermsofthechartersignedby51foundingcountriesinSanFranciscoin1945.UNpermanentrepresentative

n.

常駐聯合國代表unilateralism

n.單邊主義，單方面裁軍unveilfreshpolicy

新政策出臺Vverticalenvelopment

垂直包圍，依靠空中突擊師采用空降的方式將部隊部署到敵軍的側翼和后方，發動包夾進攻victim

n.受害者visittotheYasukuniwarshrine

參拜靖國神社W,Zwarplane

（militaryaircraft）

n.軍用飛機：[例句]：MissilesandwarplanesstreakedthroughtheAfghannightandrockedatleastthreecitiesinaU.S.-BritishattackonOsamabinLadenandhisTalibanbackersSunday.Watergate

n.水門事件（美國政治丑聞）WMD（weaponsofmassdestruction）

大規模殺傷性武器[詳析]：WMDwouldinclu