第1頁/共1頁上海市浦東新區(qū)2022-2023學年第二學期高一英語期末模擬卷II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA語法填空Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisitionofeachnewskill-thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingandwriting.Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechild_____1_____hisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingsoffailureandstatesofworryinthechild.Thismighthappenatanystage.Ababymight____2____(force)touseatoilettooearly,ayoungchild

mightbeencouragedtolearntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.Ontheotherhand,though,____3____achildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities,heloseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnesstowardstheirchildren.Somemaybeespeciallystrictinmoneymatters,___4___aresevereovertimesofcominghomeatnightorpunctualityformeals.Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposed___5___(represent)theneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild’sownhappiness.Asregardsthedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,consistencyisveryimportantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseit___6___nextisnofoundationformorality.Also,parentsshouldrealizethat“exampleisbetterthan

precept”.Iftheyarenotsincereanddonotpractice___7___theypreach,theirchildrenmaygrow___8___(confuse),andemotionallyinsecurewhentheygrowoldenoughtothinkfor___9___,andrealizethey_____10_____(fool)tosomeextent.Asuddenawarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents’principlesandtheirmoralscanbeadangerousdisappointment.【答案】1.beyond2.beforced3.if4.others5.represent6.the7.what8.confused9.themselves10.havebeenfooled【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是父母在教育子女的過程中有著過早的督促和嚴格管控，但有的時候卻又不實踐自己所宣揚的價值，由此導致孩子在成長的過程中意識到父母的原則和道德之間的顯著差異，由此造成一種危險的失望。【1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：催促孩子超過他的自然學習速度往往是誘人的，但這可能會在孩子身上建立危險的失敗感和擔憂狀態(tài)。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用介詞與后文的名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語作狀語。表示“超出”用beyond。故填beyond。2題詳解】考查動詞。句意：一個嬰兒可能被強迫過早地使用廁所，一個年幼的孩子可能在他知道他所讀的單詞的意思之前就被鼓勵學習閱讀。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動詞作謂語。force意為“迫使”，ababy與其之間是被動關(guān)系，同時該空置于情態(tài)動詞might之后，故使用情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。故填beforced。【3題詳解】考查連詞。句意：另一方面，如果一個孩子獨處太久，或者沒有任何學習的機會，他就會失去對生活的天生熱情和為自己發(fā)現(xiàn)新事物的愿望。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用連詞連接前后兩個句子，此處表示條件關(guān)系即意為“如果”用if，引導的是條件狀語從句。故填if。【4題詳解】考查代詞。句意：有些人可能在金錢問題上特別嚴格，有些人對晚上回家的時間或吃飯的時間很嚴格。分析句子，設(shè)空處缺少主語，故用代詞。根據(jù)前文的some，設(shè)空處使用others與前文構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)。表示“其他的父母”用others。故填others。【5題詳解】考查動詞。句意：一般來說，強加的控制既代表了孩子自己的幸福，也代表了父母的需要和社會的價值觀。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動詞作謂語。represent為動詞，意為“代表”。句子表述客觀事實，故使用一般現(xiàn)在時，句子的主語為controls，為復數(shù)。故填represent。【6題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：今天禁止一件事，明天又原諒它，這不是道德的基礎(chǔ)。next意為“另一件事，下一件事”，此處表示特指，空前應該使用定冠詞。故填the。【7題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：如果他們不真誠，不實踐他們所宣揚的，他們的孩子可能會變得困惑，在情感上缺乏安全感，當他們長大到足以獨立思考，并意識到他們在某種程度上被愚弄了。分析句子，設(shè)空處引導的是賓語從句，引導詞在從句中作賓語，指代“宣揚的什么”用what。故填what。【8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：同上。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用形容詞作表語。表示“困惑的”用confused。故填confused。【9題詳解】考查反身代詞。句意：同上。分析句子，句子的主語they和賓語一致，此處表示“為他們自己思考”，故使用they的反身代詞themselves。故填themselves。【10題詳解】考查動詞。句意：同上。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動詞作謂語，此處表示動作發(fā)生在過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并對現(xiàn)在有影響，故使用現(xiàn)在完成時。fool意為“愚弄”，they和fool之間為被動關(guān)系，故使用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。故填havebeenfooled。SectionB選詞填空A.venturingB.quotedC.interviewD.sponsorE.historicalF.launchG.relativelyH.professionalI.tracedJ.facilitiesK.regularlyJiading--CenturiesofHistory,DecadesofChangeAbookentitled“Jiading–CenturiesofHistory,DecadesofChange”byAmericanwriterKateBakerhasrecentlybeenpublishedinShanghai.NewbooklaunchwasheldlastweekattheOldChinaHandStyle,amajor___11___ofaseriesofwalkingguidebookscalled“BeyondtheConcession:SixWalksinShanghai’sOtherDistricts.”AndBaker’s“Jiading”runsthefourthamongthesix.Fromaforeignpointofview,thebookhas___12___thehistoryofJiadingDistrictbackbetweentheyearTangDynasty(618-907)andtheSongDynasty(960-1279),whenJiadinghadbeen“aleadingeconomicandintellectualinfluenceintheregionlongbeforeShanghaibecameamajortradingport,”asBakeris___13___inherbook.BakerfirstlandedinShanghaiin2011withherhusband,anengineerwithFord,whowassenttoworkinShanghaitoprepareforthe___14___oftheLincolnbrandinChina.“Iandmyhusbandhavebeentravelingaroundtheworldinthepast20years,”Bakersaidata(n)___15___withShanghaiDaily.“WhereverIgo,Iwouldjumpintothelocalhistoryandculturequicklyanddeeply.”Havingtakena15-monthonlinecourseofChinesewithHarvard’s“ChinaX”,Bakerstarted___16___outonherown.AnoccasionalexcursionintothenorthwestofShanghai,she“discovered”andfellinlovewithJiading.Sincethen,shehasvisitedJiading___17___,bringingfamily,friends,andtourgroups.Attheendof2013,theJiadingTourismBureauofficiallyinvitedBakertowriteabookonJiading.Withup-to-datefacts,usefulinformationand___18___pictures,Baker’s“Jiading”isawellresearchedguideaboutinterestingareaslessthanonehourfromShanghai.Therearechaptersoncelebratingtheseasonalandagriculturalfestivalsthatareuniquetotheregion;storiesof___19___figureslivinginJiading;changestotheNanxiangOldTown;tourstonumerousgardens,museumsandtemples;andthedevelopmentofoutdoorrecreationalactivitiesinJiading’sAntingTown,suchastheF1carracing,horseridingandgolf.Withgoodpublic_____20_____andenoughgreenspace,BakerseesJiadingahighgrowthdistrictofShanghai,whichoffersaqualityoflifestyleandtourism.“Iseeabetter-plannedandforward-thinkingofthedistrictgovernment.AndIsincerelythankthepeopleofJiadingwhowelcomedmetotheircommunityandtrustedmewiththeirnarrative,”Bakersays.【答案】11.D12.I13.B14.F15.C16.A17.K18.H19.E20.J

【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過外國人的視角介紹一本名為《嘉定——百年歷史，幾十年變遷》的書，該書記錄了嘉定百年來歷史變遷。【11題詳解】考查名詞。句意：上周，新書發(fā)布會在老中國通書店舉行，該書店是一系列步行指南書《踏出租界：上海其他地區(qū)的六行》的主要贊助商。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用名詞作同位語，對前文的theOldChinaHandStyle進行解釋。sponsor為名詞，意為“贊助商”，符合句意。故選D。【12題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：從外國的角度來看，這本書追溯了嘉定區(qū)在唐朝(618-907)和宋朝(960-1279)之間的歷史，正如貝克爾斯在書中引用的那樣，當時嘉定“在上海成為主要貿(mào)易港口之前很久就在該地區(qū)具有領(lǐng)先的經(jīng)濟和知識影響力”。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用過去分詞與空前has構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時。表示“追溯”用trace。故選I。【13題詳解】考查動詞。句意：同上。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動詞作as引導的定語從句的謂語動詞。句子描述過去事實，故使用一般過去時。表示“引用”用quote。故選B。【14題詳解】考查名詞。句意：2011年，貝克和她的丈夫第一次來到上海，丈夫是福特的一名工程師，被派往上海工作，為林肯品牌在中國的推出做準備。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用名詞作賓語。表示“發(fā)起”用launch。故選F。【15題詳解】考查名詞。句意：貝克在接受《上海日報》采訪時說：“在過去的20年里，我和我丈夫一直在環(huán)游世界。”分析句子，設(shè)空處使用名詞作賓語，根據(jù)后文的withShanghaiDaily可知，在接受《上海日報》采訪，表示“采訪”用interview。故選C。【16題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在參加了哈佛大學“ChinaX”的15個月中文在線課程后，貝克開始自己探險。分析句子，startdoing意為“開始做某事”，使用動名詞作賓語。表示“探險”用venture。故選A。17題詳解】考查副詞。句意：從那以后，她經(jīng)常帶著家人、朋友和旅行團來嘉定。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用副詞作狀語修飾動詞。表示“定期地”用regularly。故選K。【18題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：通過最新的事實、有用的信息和專業(yè)的圖片，貝克的《嘉定》是一本經(jīng)過深入研究的指南，介紹了距離上海不到一小時車程的有趣地區(qū)。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用形容詞作定語，修飾名詞pictures。表示“專業(yè)的”用professional。故選H。【19題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：有章節(jié)是關(guān)于慶祝該地區(qū)特有的季節(jié)性節(jié)日和農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)日；嘉定歷史人物的故事；南翔古城的變化；參觀眾多的花園、博物館和寺廟；以及嘉定安亭鎮(zhèn)戶外娛樂活動的發(fā)展，如F1賽車、騎馬、高爾夫球等。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用形容詞作定語，修飾名詞figures，表示“歷史的”用historical。故選E。【20題詳解】考查名詞。句意：擁有良好的公共設(shè)施和足夠的綠地，貝克認為嘉定是上海的高增長地區(qū)，可以提供高質(zhì)量的生活方式和旅游。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用名詞作賓語，與空后的名詞space構(gòu)成并列。表示“公共設(shè)施”用facility，此處表示復數(shù)意義，故用facilities。故選J。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionATherearemanythingsparentscandotohelpchildrenwithautism（自閉癥）overcometheirchallenges.Learningallyoucanaboutautismandgetting____21____intreatmentwillgoalongwaytowardhelpingyourchild.Additional,thefollowingtipswillmakedailyhomelifeeasierforbothyouandyourautisticchild:Beconsistent（一致的）.Childrenwithautismhaveahardtime____22____whatthey’velearnedifthereisachangeofsetting.Forexample,yourchildmayusesignlanguageatschooltocommunicate,butneverthinktodosoathome.Creating____23____inyourchild’senvironmentisthebestwaytoreinforcelearning.Findoutwhatyourchild’stherapistsaredoingandcontinuetheirtechniquesathome.Explorethe____24____ofhavingtherapytakeplaceinmorethanoneplaceinordertoencourageyourchildto____25____whatheorshehaslearnedfromoneenvironmenttoanother.It’salsoimportanttobeconsistentinthewayyou____26____withyourchildanddealwithchallengingbehaviors.____27____aschedule.Childrenwithautismtendtodobestwhentheyhaveahighly-structuredscheduleorroutine.Again,thisgoesbacktotheconsistencytheybothneedandcrave.Setupascheduleforyourchild,with____28____timesformeals,therapy,school,andbedtime.Trytokeepdisturbancetothisroutinetoa____29____.Ifthereisanunavoidableschedulechange,prepareyourchildforit____30____.____31____goodbehavior.Positivereinforcementcangoalongwaywithchildrenwithautism,somakeaneffortto“catchthemdoingsomethinggood.”Praisethemwhentheyactappropriatelyorlearnanewskill,beingvery____32____aboutwhatbehaviorthey’rebeingpraisedfor.Payattentiontoyourchild’ssensorysensitivities.Manychildrenwithautismarehypersensitivetolight,sound,touch,taste,andsmell.Otherchildrenwithautismare“under-sensitive”tosensorystimuli.____33____whatsights,sounds,smellandmovementscauseyourkid’s“bad”ordisruptivebehaviorsandwhatbringsabouta(n)____34____response.Ifyouunderstandwhataffectsyourchild,you’llbebetteratsolvingproblems,preventingsituationsthatcausedifficulties,andcreating____35____experiences.21.A.encouraged B.balanced C.absorbed D.involved22.A.applying B.devoting C.communicating D.appealing23.A.attraction B.comfort C.steadiness D.attention24.A.possibility B.goal C.process D.solution25.A.transplant B.transfer C.transport D.transform26.A.meet B.interact C.negotiate D.associate27.A.Drawup B.Arrangefor C.Workout D.Stickto28.A.regular B.flexible C.appropriate D.normal29.A.decrease B.mystery C.minimum D.secret30.A.withoutdoubt B.inprivate C.withoutnotice D.inadvance31.A.Control B.Perform C.Reward D.Maintain32.A.curious B.specific C.particular D.anxious33.A.Figureout B.Accountfor C.Putup D.Takeon34.A.automatic B.immediate C.positive D.quick35.A.frustrating B.successful C.professional D.unpleasant【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.A25.B26.B27.D28.A29.C30.D31.C32.B33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講解父母應該怎樣做來幫助有自閉癥的孩子更好克服困難。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡你所能了解自閉癥并參與治療將對幫助你的孩子大有幫助。A.encouraged鼓勵；B.balanced平衡；C.absorbed吸收；D.involved參與。根據(jù)語境分析，由前文“helpchildrenwithautism”可知，要幫助自閉癥孩子，那就要參與到這些治療當中。故選D項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果環(huán)境發(fā)生變化，自閉癥兒童很難應用所學知識。A.applying申請，應用；B.devoting奉獻；C.communicating溝通；D.appealing上訴。根據(jù)語境分析，由后文“butneverthinktodosoathome”可知，當環(huán)境一發(fā)生變化，他們很難運用他們所學的內(nèi)容在新地方。故選A項。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在孩子的環(huán)境中創(chuàng)造穩(wěn)定是加強學習的最佳方式。A.attraction吸引力；B.comfort舒適；C.steadiness穩(wěn)定；D.attention注意力。根據(jù)語境分析，由前文“achangeofsetting”可知，環(huán)境改變會影響他們學習，所以應保持一個穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境來利于孩子們學習。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：探索在多個地方進行治療的可能性，以鼓勵你的孩子將他或她從一個環(huán)境學到的東西轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個環(huán)境。A.possibility可能性；B.goal目標；C.process過程；D.solution解決方案。根據(jù)語境分析，下文講讓治療地點可以存在多個地方，這對孩子們說也是一種挑戰(zhàn)，因為他們需要穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境，所以這里是盡可能探索這種可能性。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.transplant移植；B.transfer轉(zhuǎn)移；C.transport運輸；D.transform轉(zhuǎn)化。由上文“havingtherapytakeplaceinmorethanoneplace”可知，這樣做的目的就是讓孩子們把一個地方所學的知識可以轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個環(huán)境。故選B項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同樣重要的是，你與孩子互動和應對有挑戰(zhàn)性行為的方式要始終如一。A.meet會見；B.interact互動；C.negotiate談判；D.associate聯(lián)系。根據(jù)語境分析和選項可知，這里說父母應該和孩子們互動協(xié)作，共同來應對這些挑戰(zhàn)的行為舉止。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：堅持計劃。自閉癥兒童在有高度結(jié)構(gòu)化的日程安排或日常活動時往往表現(xiàn)最好。A.Drawup制定；B.Arrangefor安排；C.Workout鍛煉；D.Stickto堅持。根據(jù)語境分析，由后文“theconsistency”可知，這些孩子需要高度結(jié)構(gòu)化的日程安排，而且他們必須要堅持一致性日程安排。故選D項。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為你的孩子制定一個時間表，有規(guī)律地安排吃飯、治療、上學和睡覺的時間。A.regular常規(guī)的，有規(guī)律的；B.flexible靈活的；C.appropriate適當?shù)模籇.normal正常的。根據(jù)語境分析，由前文的“ahighly-structuredschedule”可知，日程安排需要是高度結(jié)構(gòu)化，所以必須是固定時間的，有規(guī)律地做各項事情。故選A項。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡量減少對這一常規(guī)的干擾。A.decrease減少；B.mystery神秘；C.minimum最小；D.secret秘密。根據(jù)語境分析且由前文可知，這些孩子對變化是非常敏感的，所以父母應該把對常規(guī)安排的干擾降低到最低，盡量保持不變。故選C項。【30題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：如果有不可避免的日程變化，提前為孩子做好準備。A.withoutdoubt.毫無疑問；B.inprivate私下；C.withoutnotice沒有注意到；D.inadvance事先。根據(jù)語境分析可知，如果日程有變化，會讓這些孩子們產(chǎn)生不安，所以我們應提前給這些孩子們打預防針，讓他們有心理準備。故選D項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：獎勵良好的行為。積極強化對自閉癥兒童有很大幫助，所以努力“抓住他們做好事”。A.Control控制；B.Perform執(zhí)行；C.Reward獎勵；D.Maintain維護。根據(jù)語境分析，由后文“Praisethem”可知，有良好的行為家長應該表揚獎勵。故選C項。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們行為得體或?qū)W習到一項新技能時，要對他們被表揚的行為進行非常具體地表揚。A.curious好奇的；B.specific具體的；C.particular特殊的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)語境分析，由前文的“actappropriatelyorlearnanewskill”可知，表揚他們的時候要具體到他們的每次良好表現(xiàn)，或者學會一個新技能等這些一件件事上，不能只是籠統(tǒng)說他們做得好。故選B項。33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：找出什么樣的光、聲音、氣味和動作會導致孩子的“壞”或破壞性行為，以及什么會帶來積極的反應。A.Figureout想出；B.Accountfor說明；C.Putup提出；D.Takeon.承擔。根據(jù)前文可知，不同自閉癥孩子對光、聲音、氣味和動作敏感度是不同的，所以需要父母想出和發(fā)現(xiàn)自己孩子對這些東西的敏感情況。故選A項。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.automatic自動的；B.immediate立即的；C.positive積極的；D.quick快速的。根據(jù)語境分析，由前文““bad”ordisruptivebehaviors”可知，該空應該表示和前面相反的東西，應該帶來積極的反應。故選C項。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你了解什么會影響你的孩子，你會更好地解決問題，防止出現(xiàn)導致困難的情況，并創(chuàng)造成功的經(jīng)驗。A.frustrating令人沮喪；B.successful成功；C.professional專業(yè)的；D.unpleasant令人不快的。由前文“you’llbebetteratsolvingproblems”可知，你會更好解決問題，所以將會創(chuàng)造成功的經(jīng)歷。故選B項。SectionBAThebigscreenisnevershortoffilmsaboutWorldWarⅡ.WhenNaziGermanyisfeaturedinthesefilms,cruelNaziofficersandbrutalconcentrationcampsmostoftenrepresentit.ButthenewHollywoodmovie

Valkyrie

tellsadifferentstory,“achapterofGermanhistorywhichislittleknownabroad”,accordingtotheGermanCulturalMinisterBerndNeumann.Valkyrie

isbasedonatrueincidentthattookplacein1944.Colonel(陸軍上校)Stauffenberghadbeenaloyalsoldierforhisentiremilitarycareer.However,afterlosinganeye,ahand,andthreefingersinanAlliedbombing,

hereachedbreakingpoint.ThedestructionthathiscountryhadbroughttoitsEuropeanneighborshadbecometooterribleforthecoloneltobearinsilence.HehopedthatsomeonewouldfindawaytostopAdolfHitler,oneofthemosteviltyrantstheworldhaseverknown.Realizingthattimewasrunningout,hedecidedthathemusttakeactionhimselfandjoinedtheGermanresistance.ThesemendrewupOperation

Valkyrie,aplottoassassinateHitlerandtooverthrowhisNazigovernmentfromtheinside.Thisplotiswhatthefilmisnamedafterandfocuseson.TheHollywoodstarTomCruiseplaystheleadrole.“Thiswasaverychallengingfilmtomake.Wecarriedahugeresponsibilitytocorrectlyportrayhistory,”Cruisesaid.However,theproductionhasdrawncriticismforlackingdepthandforsimplifyingthemotivesbehindtheplot.36.Thepassagetellsusthat

Valkyrie

is_____.A.astorywrittenbyBerndNeumanB.achapterinaGermanhistorybookC.amovieaboutNaziconcentrationcampsD.amovieaboutaplantoassassinateHitler37.Whatdoesthesentence“hereachedbreakingpoint”probablymean?A.Henarrowlyescapedbeingkilled.B.Hecouldn’treachouthisarmforanything.C.Hewasrewardedforhisbraveattempts.D.Hedecidedtomakeahistoricchangeinlife.38.WhydidTomCruisesaythefilmwaschallengingforhim?A.Becauseheneveractedinsuchkindoffilmbefore.B.Becauseheknewlittleaboutthisepisodeofhistory.C.Becausehefeltitaheavytasktopresenttherealhistory.D.Becausehewasafraidthatthefilmmightdrawcriticism.39.Thefollowingpassagewillprobablytalkabout_____.A.thereasonwhythefilmisnamedafter

ValkyrieB.thecommentsfromthemoviecriticson

ValkyrieC.thepraisesfromaudienceafterwatching

ValkyrieD.theimportanceoftheroleCruiseplaysin

Valkyrie【答案】36.D37.D38.C39.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章向讀者描述了一部關(guān)于暗殺希特勒的計劃的電影，該電影拍攝過于真實，招致了批評。【36題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Realizingthattimewasrunningout,hedecidedthathemusttakeactionhimselfandjoinedtheGermanresistance.ThesemendrewupOperationValkyrie,aplottoassassinateHitlerandtooverthrowhisNazigovernmentfromtheinside.Thisplotiswhatthefilmisnamedafterandfocuseson.(意識到時間不多了，他決定自己必須采取行動，加入德國抵抗組織。這些人策劃了刺殺希特勒并從內(nèi)部推翻納粹政府的“瓦爾基里行動”。這部電影就是以這個情節(jié)命名的。)”可知，Valkyrie是一部關(guān)于刺殺希特勒計劃的電影。故選D。【37題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面的句子“ThedestructionthathiscountryhadbroughttoitsEuropeanneighborshadbecometooterribleforthecoloneltobearinsilence.(他的國家給歐洲鄰國帶來的破壞已經(jīng)變得太可怕了，上校無法沉默地忍受。)”以及前文的“However,afterlosinganeye,ahand,andthreefingersinanAlliedbombing,(然而，在盟軍的一次轟炸中，他失去了一只眼睛、一只手和三根手指，)”可知，Stauffenberg作為一名忠誠的士兵，無法忍受自己國家給歐洲鄰國帶來的破壞，同時結(jié)合自身的在戰(zhàn)場中的受傷情況，他要選擇做出改變，由此加入德國抵抗組織，實施并策劃了刺殺希特勒并從內(nèi)部推翻納粹政府的“瓦爾基里行動”。由此劃線詞與D選項為同義句，意為“他決定在生活中做出歷史性的改變。”故選D。【38題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thiswasaverychallengingfilmtomake.Wecarriedahugeresponsibilitytocorrectlyportrayhistory,(這是一部非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的電影。我們肩負著正確描繪歷史的重任，)”可知，就TomCruise來說，他認為呈現(xiàn)真實的歷史是一項艱巨的任務(wù)，由此這部電影對他來說是挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。【39題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,theproductionhasdrawncriticismforlackingdepthandforsimplifyingthemotivesbehindtheplot.(然而，這部作品因缺乏深度和簡化情節(jié)背后的動機而受到批評。)”可知，接下來的內(nèi)容中將講述影評人對這部電影的評論。故選B。BHotAirBalloonSydneyFor2,WeekendFlightincludesFULLGOURMETBREAKFASTItem:HO12955TALocation:WindsorSydneyOurPrice:$299(perpersonforgroupsof2)?HotAirBalloonFlightfor2(therewillbeothersintheballoonbasketwithyou)?NOTHINGMORETOPAYONTHEDAY!YOURFULLGOURMETBREAKFASTISINCLUDEDINTHEPRICE?TravelwiththeTourismAwardwinnerswithover20yearsofexperience?FloatoverbeautifulHawkesburyValley?ColorflightcertificateExperiencethewonderofaHotAirBalloonFlightfor2people.Risingbeforedawn,youcanjointhecrewinunpackingandpreparingtheballoonforflight—whichisaspectacleinitself!Afteranexcitinglaunch,you’lldriftwiththewindsilentlyovertheparklands,homesandhillsoftheHawkesburyregionofSydney.HotAirBallooningbeginsinthecool,stillhoursoftheearlymorning,whentheairismorestable.Thelaunchsite,determinedbytheweatheronthemorning,willbeinoraroundthebeautifulHawkesburyValley.Theadventurebeginsbyinflating(使…充氣)theballoonusingagiantportablefan.Oncetheballoonstartstotakeshapetheburnerislit,heatingtheairinside.ThehotairinsideislighterthanthecoolairoutsideandthisiswhatcreatestheliftandwhyitiscalledaHotAirBalloon.Passengersarewelcometoassistthepilotandcrewwithinflatingthehotairballoonatthelaunchsite,whichonlytakesabout20minutes.TheHotAirBalloonFlightfor2isbothquaintandpeaceful.Youhearverylittlesoundfromtheawakeningworldbelow.Thesilenceisonlybrokenwithblastsfromthepropaneburnerheatingtheairinyourballoontokeepyoucruisingacrosstheskies.Watchasthesunburstsfromthehorizonandpaintstheskypinkinaspectacularmorningsunrise.Totopoffthemorningyou’llcelebratewithafullgourmetbreakfast.Thisadventureisfor2people.TherewillbeotherpeopleintheballoonbasketwithyouHotAirBalloonflightstakeplaceatsunrise.TheexacttimeofyourHotAirBalloonflightexperiencewillvarybaseduponthetimeofyearandwillbesenttoyouuponbooking.40.Theprice$299includes________.A.tipsfortheTourismAwardwinners B.fullgourmetbreakfastC.twopersons’HotAirBalloonFlight D.theaccidentinsuranceoftheparticipants41.WhydoesHotAirBallooningbeginbeforedawn?A.Touristsneedn’tqueuefortheflight.B.Theairatthattimeiscoolerandmorestable.C.Touristscanseethespectacularsunriseinthesky.D.Travelershavetostarttheadventurewiththeirstomachempty.42.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTrue?A.Thepeopleinthebasketarealltourists.B.Theburnerisoffaftertheballoonislaunched.C.Theballoonislaunchedatthefixedtimeandplace.D.Thosewhohaveexperiencedtheflightcangetacertificate.【答案】40.B41.B42.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。介紹的是悉尼熱氣球雙人版周末空中旅行活動的相關(guān)情況。40題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“NOTHINGMORETOPAYONTHEDAY!YOURFULLGOURMETBREAKFASTISINCLUDEDINTHEPRICE.(當天沒有什么可支付的了！房價包含全套美味早餐)”可知，299美元的套餐費用包含了所有空中飛行的費用。故選B項。【41題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干信息，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)本題的相關(guān)信息在倒數(shù)第三段中的首句“HotAirBallooningbeginsinthecool,stillhoursoftheearlymorning,whentheairismorestable.(熱氣球開始于清晨涼爽、靜止的幾個小時，此時空氣更穩(wěn)定)”可知，在黎明時分起飛是氣溫低，空氣更穩(wěn)定。故選B項。【42題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“?HotAirBalloonFlightfor2(therewillbeothersintheballoonbasketwithyou).(2人熱氣球飛行（氣球籃里還有其他人）)”可知，除了游客，還有其他人員，故A項錯誤；根據(jù)“Oncetheballoonstartstotakeshapetheburnerislit,heatingtheairinside.ThehotairinsideislighterthanthecoolairoutsideandthisiswhatcreatestheliftandwhyitiscalledaHotAirBalloon.(一旦氣球開始成形，燃燒器就會被點燃，加熱內(nèi)部的空氣。里面的熱空氣比外面的冷空氣輕，這就是產(chǎn)生升力的原因，也是為什么它被稱為熱氣球)”講述的熱氣球升空的簡單原理可知，熱氣球升起是靠著燃燒器加熱，所以不能熄滅，故B項錯誤；根據(jù)“Thelaunchsite,determinedbytheweatheronthemorning,willbeinoraroundthebeautifulHawkesburyValley.(發(fā)射場由早上的天氣決定，將在美麗的霍克斯伯里山谷內(nèi)或周圍)”可知，熱氣球的發(fā)射地點是因天氣而變，所以C項錯誤；根據(jù)“Colorflightcertificate(彩色飛行證書)”以及上面的排除結(jié)果，可知D項正確。故選D項。CIt'sfightnightinBerlinclub.Thelightsgodown,thedooropensandoutwalksasalesmanfromSanFrancisco,David“DowbleD”Deptohastravelled8,000kilometresinsearchofglory.Ashefirstwalks,thenjogs,towardstheboxingring,themuscular,bare-chestedAmericanlookscoolandconfident.Butsodoeshisopponent.WaitingforhiminthebluecornerisFrankStoldt,atall,strongGermanpoliceman,whocallshimself“anti-terrorFrank”.Forobviousreasons,thecrowdisonhisside.Thebellrings.Roundone!Thefighterscomeout.Butthen,somethingratherstrangehappens.Thetwoplayerssitdownatatablewhichhasachessboardonitandstartplayingchess-inthemiddleoftheboxingring.“Why?”youmayaskyourself.Well,thisischessboxing,andtonightisthefinalofthefirstchessboxingWorldChampionship.Therulesofachessboxingmatcharesimple.Thereisoneroundofchessandthenoneroundofboxing.Punchingpoweralternateswithbrainpower.Allinall,youhave11roundsinwhichtocheckmateyouropponent-orknockhimout.Twosportsinonemeansdoublethepain,anddoublethepressure.Beforethisbigfight,Frankspenthoursdoingexercisesthatpreparedhismindaswellashismuscles.Winnersinchessboxingarepeoplewhosementalstrengthequalstheirphysicalstrength.Butwhydoitinthefirstplace?Whyputyourselfthroughthisphysicalandmentaltorture?ForDavidDepto,itisallaboutprovingthatyoucanbeaboxerandstillhaveabrain.ThesporthastakenoffinGermany,wheretheyarepreparingthenextgenerationofchessboxingchampions.ItisevenbeingtaughtinaBerlinschool.Backinthering,itisroundsevenandtheplayersarelockedinbattlearoundthechessboard,sweatpouringfromtheirforeheads.Suddenly,FrankStoldtseesanopeningandmovesintofinishthematch.QueentoG7…checkmate!Therefereestopsthematch,thecrowderupts-thelocalherohaswonandisgiventheworldtitlebelt,whichprovesthat,whenitcomestomixingbrainsandmuscle,GermanyreallyistheGrandMaster.43.Whyisit"obvious"thatthecrowdwantsFrankStoldttowin?A.Heisapoliceman. B.Hehaspowerfulmuscle.C.Heisahostplayer. D.Hefightsagainstterrorism.44.What'sthewayinwhichamatchcanfinish?A.Eithercheckmatetheopponentorknockhimout.B.Oneoftheplayersgivesuporissenttohospital.C.Therefereecountsdowneighttozerointheroundofchess.D.Theplayerfindstheopeningintothecourtwhichislocked.45.What'sTRUEaboutchessboxing?A.Comparedwithboxing,itmeanshalfdangerandhalfstress.B.Itrequiresmorementalstrengththanphysicalstrength.C.ThesportispopularinGermany,whereitisaschoolsubject.D.Theplayersplaychessinthemiddleoftheboxingring.46.Theunderlinedword"erupt"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_______.A.leavethestadium B.burstintocheersC.interrupttheceremony D.fightwiththeopposingfans【答案】43.C44.A45.D46.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述的是柏林俱樂部的戰(zhàn)斗之夜，在拳賽場地進行的一場象棋比賽。【43題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ashefirstwalks,thenjogs,towardstheboxingring,themuscular,bare-chestedAmericanlookscoolandconfident.Butsodoeshisopponent.WaitingforhiminthebluecornerisFrankStoldt,atall,strongGermanpoliceman,whocallshimself“anti-terrorFrank”.（他先是走路，然后慢跑，走向拳擊臺，這位肌肉發(fā)達、袒胸露膊的美國人看起來很酷，很自信。但他的對手也是如此。在藍色角落等待他的是弗蘭克?斯托特，一個高大強壯的德國警察，自稱“反恐弗蘭克”。）”可以推測出，人們站在他這邊，是因為他是主場的隊員。故選C。【44題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Allinall,youhave11roundsinwhichtocheckmateyouropponent-orknockhimout（總之，你在11輪中，要么將死對手，要不就將他擊倒）”可知，要么將死對手，要么將他擊倒，比賽就會結(jié)束。故選A。【45題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thetwoplayerssitdownatatablewhichhasachessboardonitandstartplayingchess-inthemiddleoftheboxingring（兩名選手坐在一個桌子旁邊，桌上有一個棋盤，選手就開始在拳賽場地開始下象棋）”可知，玩家在拳擊臺中間下棋。故選D。【46題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，“The?referee?stops?the?match,the?crowderupts-the?local?hero?has?won?and?is?given?the?world?title?belt（裁判停止比賽，人群歡呼—當?shù)赜⑿圳A得比賽并獲得世界冠軍腰帶）”，裁判停止比賽的時候，當?shù)赜⑿郢@得比賽，人群肯定是開始歡呼起來，為冠軍喝彩。與B項“burstintocheers（歡呼起來）”相符。A.leavethestadium（離開體育場）；C.interrupttheceremony（打亂典禮）；D.fightwiththeopposingfans（與對方粉絲打起來）。故選B。DSeparation,moneytroubles,andtransitional(過渡的)adjustmentsareallstressfuleventstothemembersofafamily.Learningeffectiveskillsiskeytosolvingthedisagreements.Scheduleatimetotalkasagroup.Whenworkingtogether,youaremorelikelytosolvefamilydifferences.___47___.Then,oncetempersarecooled,everyoneneedstoplantocometogetherandthinkoutasolutiontotheproblem.Focusontheissueathand.Whendisagreementsoccur,peopletendtobringupanyandeveryunresolvedissuetheyhaveeverfacedwiththeotherparties.Thisblursthepointofthediscussion.Trytouncoverwhatisimportantaboutthecurrentproblem.___48___.Haveeveryonestatewhattheytrulymean.Directcommunicationisessentialtoeffectiveconflictresolution.___49___.Such“I”statementsalloweveryonetoexpressthemselveswhiletheyshowrespectforother’slistening.___50___.Letanotherknowyourecognize,value,andaccepthisthoughts,opinions,orbeliefs.Ofcourse,yourownopinionsmaydiffergreatly,butusingvalidation(確認)demonstratesthatyouseetheotherasahuman,worthyofrespect.Validateyourfamilymembersbysayingsomethinglike“I’mreallygladthatyoufeelcomfortableenoughtosharethiswithme”or“Iappreciateyourwillingnesstoworktowardsasolution”.Decideonasolutiontogether.Onceeveryonehassharedtheirneeds,wants,andconcerns,considerallthesuggestionsthateachpartyhasprovidedandlookforamiddleground.Everyonepresentshouldfeelgoodabouttheproposedsolution.Ifnecessary,developacontractorwrittenagreement.A.Eachpartyshoulduse“I”statementstoclearlystateyourneedsandconcerns.B.Showrespectforeachperson’spointofview.C.Raisingoldmisdeedswillnothelpresolvethisissue.D.Conflictinthefamilycanaffecteveryone’sfunctioning.E.Thefirststepiscalmingdownandagreeingthereisa