Unit3OutofStepKeytotheExercisesTextcomprehensionI. Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'spurposeofwriting. A(TheauthorbringstheattentionofAmericanstothefactthattheywalktoolittlebycitingmanyofhispersonalexperiencesaswellasothers'.Hedoesnotwriteoutanysolutiontotheproblem;hesimply"soundsthesiren"asthelastsentenceofthepassageshows:"Andifthatisn'tsad,Idon'tknowwhatis.")II. Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.1. T(RefertoParagraph1.Theauthorandhiswifewantedtoliveinasmall,compact,andsedatetownwheretheycangoabouttheirbusinessonfootwhentheymovedbacktotheUnitedStates.Asaresult,theysettleddowninHanover,atypicalNewEnglandtown.)2. T(RefertoParagraph6.Thoughitwasconvenienttogoaboutone'sbusinessonfootinthetown,theauthorcouldhardlyfindanyoneelsewhodidso.Hisacquaintancesintheearlydayswould"departreluctantly,evenguiltily"whenfailingtopersuadetheauthortoacceptarideasiftheyescapedthesceneofanaccidentwithoutgivingtheirnames.)3. F(Peoplelikethemanwhodrovehiscartodothechoresandthewomanwhocomplainedaboutthedifficultyofparkingoutsidethegymnasiummakeacleardistinctionbetweenexerciseandwalkingforbusiness.They"jogextravagantdistances"orwalkonthetreadmill,buttheynevertakewalkingonthesidewalkasaformofexercise.)4. T(RefertoParagraphs18and19.Thepedestrianmallconstructedintheearly1970sinLaconiaprovedtobeacommercialdisastersimplybecausepeoplehadtowalkonewholeblocktothemallfromthenearestparkingplace.Whentheshoppingmallwasreconstructedsothatpeoplecouldparktheircarsimmediatelybeforethestores,downtownLaconiathrivedagain.ThatsuggestshowreliantAmericansareontheircars.)III. Answerthefollowingquestions.1. RefertoParagraphs3to6.Theyfinditoddtoseetheauthorwalkingaroundforhisbusinessandtheyevenfeelslightlyguiltyforleavingtheauthoronthesidewalkwithoutdrivinghimtotheplaceheisgoingto.2. RefertoParagraphs2,3and7.OrdinaryAmericans,eveninthisagreeableandeasyplacetogoaboutonfoot,havevirtuallyneverdoneso.Infact,intheU.S.,peoplehavegotaccustomedtousingthecarforeverything.3. RefertoParagraphs7to9.TheAmericanpeoplehavecometodependoncarsforalmosteverythingtotheextentthattheyhaveforgottenaboutwhattheycandowiththeirlegs.Sometimes,theywouldtakegreatandridiculoustroublewithdrivingratherthantakeaneasywalk.4. RefertoParagraph14.AccordingtoaneditorialinTheBostonGlobe,theU.S.hasspentlessthanonepercentofitstransportationbudgetonfacilitiesforpedestrians.Thegovernment,inthissense,hasbasicallyignoredtheneedforpedestrians,whichhascausedsometroublefortheauthoranddiscouragedpeoplefromgoingaboutontheirbusinessonfoot.5. RefertoParagraphs16and17.Heissadbecausehehascometorealize,fromthecaseofLaconia,N.H.,thatpeopledon'twalkanywhereanymoreinthecountry.IV. Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentences.1. PeopleintheUnitedStatestendtodriveforeverypurpose,somuchsothattheyhaveforgottenthattheystillhavelegsandaboutwhattheirlegscando.2. IadmitthatIhadneverrealizedhowpoorlyequippedourbodiesareinthisrespect.3. …MaybeIwastheonlypersonwhohadeverattemptedtocrossthatintersectiononfoot.StructuralanalysisofthetextTheauthordevelopshisideasbymeansofexamples.Hecitesfactualandverifiableexamples:themanheobservedoutsidethepostoffice,hisconversationwithanacquaintanceofhiswhowoulddrivetothegymtodoexercises,hisownefforttowalkacrossthestreetandthecommercialfailureofthepedestrianmallinLaconia.Theseexampleshavemadehisideamoreeffectiveandconvincing.Rhetoricalfeaturesofthetext1. "Iconfessithadnotoccurredtomehowthoughtlesslydeficientnatureisintheregard."(Paragraph13)(forself-debasement)2. "Anacquaintanceofourswascomplainingtheotherdayaboutthedifficultyoffindingaplacetoparkoutsidethelocalgymnasium.Shegoesthereseveraltimesaweektowalkonatreadmill.Thegymnasiumis,atmost,asix-minutewalkfromherfrontdoor."(Paragraph10)(forsatireonsomeridiculouscontradictioninaparticularact)VocabularyexercisesI. Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.1. pleasant/comfortable,practically2. verylong,(placesof)physicalexercises7. should8. should9. would(Here,weusewouldnottosaythatMaryisunwillingtoorrefusestolistentothedoctor.)10. would(Stressedwouldisusedtocriticize.Itmeans"itistypicalofyou…)V. Fillineachblankwithawordorphrasetakenfromthebox.1. nowadays 2. agesago3. lately,just 4. soon,afteralongtime5. immediately,Eventually 6. once7. recently 8. forweeksVI. Makesentencesofyourownafterthesentencesgivenbelow,keepingtheitalicizedpartsinyoursentences.1. Afterstandinginthequeueforhours,wegotgoodseats. Ialwaysfeelbetteraftertalkingtoyou.2. Youlookasifyoukneweachother. Helaystill,asifshot.TranslationexercisesI. TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1. 我幾乎每天都步行到郵局、圖書館或書店，心情特別不錯的時候，路過羅斯·杰可斯咖啡店還會進去喝上一杯卡布奇諾。2. 為了省力不走路，我們寧可大費周折。3. 我肯定，他天天長跑，會打壁球，還會進行各種各樣有益健康的運動，但我同樣也肯定，他去健身時每次都是開車去的。4. 當時我真是覺得又好氣又好笑，但后來我意識到，可能也就只有我一個人想要步行通過那個十字路口。II. TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninbrackets.1. Theuniversityisoneofthemostvenerableinstitutionsofhigherlearningintheworld.2. Ifoneisdeficientinpracticalexperience,hecanhardlymakehimselfasuccesswithonlywhathehasacquiredinclass.3. Ifeltexasperatedbyconstantinterruptions,forIhadtofinishwritingthemonographbytheendofthisweek.4. Hefeelsthatitisludicroustowriteonacontemporarythemeinanancientstyle.5. TheBundinShanghaiwasaplacewhereyoungcoupleslikedtocometocoointhe70sandthe80softhelastcentury.6. Hisdaughterisverysedateforagirlofaboutten,forshelikesreadingmorethanplaying.7. Thecouplestrolledhand-in-handalongthecountryroadwhenthesuninitsfirstsplendorsteepedtheearth.8. Thepoetwascommonlyconsideredasaneccentricromanticgeniuswhenalive.III. TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.大約三年前，我和我妻子對大城市的嘈雜生活感到厭倦，因此，決定在一個小鎮落戶,那里安靜宜人?，F在我們的生活很好，因為這地方方便，辦點事步行去就行。我經常四處走走，心情好的時候，在咖啡店歇一下，喝杯飲料，或在洲際戲院停住腳步，看一場戲。但是，有些人似乎不理解我的怪僻行為。我喜歡盡可能地多走路，這是大部分人所不能理解的，因為他們太過于依賴車子了。有時，幾乎到了荒唐滑稽的程度，即便只是10分鐘步行的路程，他們仍然喜歡駕車。有時，我在獨自散步，他們會問我是否需要搭車。但我認為，車子使腿腳功能退化。在這個社會里，多數派占據主導地位。我意識到，我或許是唯一主張短距離步行的人，這也就是我不時地遇到麻煩的原因。比如：許多商店把門前清理出來，只容顧客停車，店家關心的只是商業成功。ExercisesforintegratedskillsI. DictationscriptRecentlyintheUnitedStates,/therehasbeenadebateconcerningolddrivers./Therehavebeenaseriesofaccidents/committedbyelderlydrivers/andtheyhavegivenrisetonewdebatesontheoldissue:/howoldistoooldtodrive?/Somepeoplepointtostatistics/showingthatolderdriversaresaferthanteenagers,/atleastuntiltheyreachseventy-fiv