(一)課前自主學習Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意1．reviewn． 評論2．cosmonautn. 宇航員3．flightn. 飛行；班機4．taikonautn. 太空人；宇航員5．capsulen. 太空艙6．alienn. 外星人7．astronomern. 天文學家8．autographn. 親筆簽名9．spaceshipn. 宇宙飛船10．telescopen．[縱聯1] 望遠鏡11．sailorn. 船員；水手12．royaladj. 皇家的；皇室的13．celebrityn. 名人14．headlinen. (新聞報道等的)標題15．economyn. 經濟16．fann. (電影等的)迷17．backstageadv. 在后臺Ⅱ.重點單詞——————寫其形1．actorn. 演員2．foundvt. 創立；建立3．replacevt.[縱聯2] 代替；取代4．aboardadv.[縱聯3] 在船(飛機、火車、公共汽車)上5．welcomevt. 歡迎6．universen. 宇宙7．orbitn. 軌道vt. 繞軌道飛行8．partn. 角色adj. 部分的9．culturaladj. 文化的Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變1．politicsn．政治→politicaladj.政治的→politiciann．政治家2．congratulationn．祝賀→congratulatevt.祝賀；慶賀3．historicaladj.歷史性的→historicallyadv.歷史上地；從歷史觀點上說→historicadj.有歷史意義的→historyn．歷史4．achievementn．成就；功業；偉績→achievevt.取得(成就)；達到5．amateuradj.業余的→(反義詞)professionaladj.專業的；職業的6．delightedadj.高興的；快樂的→delightvt.使高興n.高興；快樂→delightfuladj.令人愉快的；可愛的[縱聯4]7．beliefn．信念；信條→disbeliefn．不信；懷疑；疑惑[縱聯5]8．evidencen．證據；證明→evidentadj.明顯的；明白的9．producevt.創作→productionn．創作；生產；產量→productn．產品；產物10．financialadj.金融的→financen．金融；財政11．photographn．照片→photographern．攝影師eq\a\vs4\al(tele)-高頻名詞一覽①telescope望遠鏡 ②telephone電話③telegraph電報 ④telegram電報⑤television電視 ⑥telesales電話銷售縱聯2.前綴re-動詞重新看①replace取代 ②reconsider重新考慮③replay重播，重放 ④rebuild重建⑤reunite重新聯合 ⑥retell復述①abroadadv. 在國外②broadadj. 寬闊的；廣泛的③boardv．&n. 登(飛機、車、船等)；木板 “高興”在一起①delightedadj. 高興的；欣喜的②happyadj. 高興的；幸福的③gladadj. 樂意的，高興的④pleasedadj. 高興的，喜歡的⑤cheerfuladj. 令人愉快的⑥joyfuladj. 愉快的；高興的縱聯5.“信”“不信”由你①beliefn. 信條；信任；信念②faithn. 信任；信念③convincev. 使確信；使信服④reliableadj. 可靠的；可信賴的⑤suspectv. 懷疑；猜想⑥unbelievableadj. 不可信的⑦disbeliefn. 不信；懷疑單元話題——報紙和雜志子話題1新聞出版①journalistn．記者；新聞工作者 ②journalismn．新聞業③columnistn．專欄作家 ④commentn．&v．評論⑤commentatorn．評論員 ⑥median．大眾傳播媒介⑦pressn．出版社 ⑧editorn．編輯⑨publishvt.出版；發行 ⑩anecdoten．軼事；趣聞?focusn．焦點 ?updatevt.更新；校正子話題2發表見解①remarkn．陳述；議論 ②condemnvt.譴責；指責③confirmvt.證實；證明；確認 ④statementn．聲明；陳述⑤announcev．宣布；宣告 ⑥declarev．聲明；斷言⑦respondv．回答；回應 ⑧exposevt.揭露⑨witnessv．見證 ⑩prejudicen．偏見；成見?principlen．道德原則；法則 ?revealv．揭示；顯示[學考對接·活學活用]高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應用1．(2018·江蘇高考任務型閱讀)Anothergroupoffolksisneededtohelpmarkettheevent.“Ifyoubuildittheywillcome”isamisleading?(believe)．Painters,digitalmediaexperts,photographers?，bookingagentsandpromotersarehiredtosellticketsandpromotetheevent.AccordingtotheDallasAreaCulturalAdvocacyCoalition,artsagenciesemploymorethan10,000peopleasfull-orpart-timeemployeesorindependentcontractors.①用believe的正確形式填空：belief②寫出photographers在句中的含義：攝影師2．(2014·福建高考閱讀E)Thesuggestionthatfurthernegotiationsaretotakeplace?(produce)an“acceptable”reportsuggeststhatthe?(politician)ofcoalitiongovernmentaredoingthecountryharminacertainway.Giventhesensitivitiesinvolved,alltheinformationshouldbeavailablesothatpeoplecanreachtheirownconclusions,ratherthanbeingleftwiththesuspicion(猜疑)thatfactsarebeingreplaced?bypoliticalbeliefs.①用produce的正確形式填空：to_produce②用politician的正確形式填空：politics③寫出replaced在句中的含義：代替，取代，其同義短語為taketheplaceof高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應用(根據漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)歡迎大家觀看這部英文短片，它講述的是我們學校的發展。(welcome)Everyone_is_welcome_to_watch_the_English_short_film,_which_tells_about_the_development_of_our_school.2．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)我很高興得知你對唐詩感興趣。(delighted)I_am_delighted_to_know_you_are_interested_in_Tang_poems.3．(2017·北京高考書面表達)學生和老師共度了一段美好的時光，那給了我們極大的成就感。(achievement)The_students_and_teachers_shared_a_great_time,_which_gave_us_a_great_sense_of_achievement.(二)課堂重點釋疑1．congratulationn．祝賀；祝賀詞(常用復數)[記牢](1)offer/sendone'scongratulationstosb.(onsth.) (為某事)向某人表示祝賀express/acceptone'scongratulations 表示/接受某人的祝賀(2)congratulatevt. 祝賀；慶賀congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth. 就(做)某事向某人祝賀congratulateoneselfon(doing)sth. 為(做)某事感到高興[練通]單句語法填空①Weofferedourcongratulations(congratulate)tohimonhissuccessinbusiness.②Icongratulatemyselfonhavingchosenagoodwomantobemywife.[辨清]congratulate,celebratecongratulate表示“慶祝，祝賀”。指對某人取得的成就或喜慶之事表示祝賀，其賓語是人，表示就某事祝賀某人時，常與介詞on/upon搭配celebrate表示“慶祝，慶賀”。通常指舉行盛大隆重的儀式慶祝或紀念有意義的日子或某件事情，多暗示節日般的歡樂場面，一般用節日、勝利、成功等作賓語選詞填空(congratulate,celebrate,congratulation)③LiHuawasadmittedtoPekingUniversity.Hisparentsheldapartytocelebrateit.Intheparty,thefriendscongratulatedLiHuaonhissuccess.Somewhodidn'tcomealsotelephonedtooffertheircongratulationstohim.[寫美]一句多譯我們祝賀你們通過了高考。④Weoffer/send_our_congratulations_to_you_onyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulation)⑤Wecongratulate_you_on/uponyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulate)2．replacevt.代替；取代；替換；把……放回原處[記牢](1)replace...with/by... 用……替換……replacesb.as... 取代某人而成為……replacesb./sth.＝taketheplaceofsb./sth. 取代某人/某物(2)taketheplaceof＝takeone'splace 代替某人inplaceof＝inone'splace 代替某人outofplace 不在合適的位置上[練通]單句語法填空①(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewas_replaced(replace)．②Iwishthatsportsdaycouldbeabandonedandreplacedwithsomeotherlesscompetitiveevent.③ItisgenerallyagreedthatTomwillreplaceJackasourmanager.[寫美]一句多譯我們的班長將代替我們的班主任參加會議。④Ourmonitorwilltake_the_place_of/replace_our_head_teachertoattendthemeeting.(taketheplaceof/replace)⑤Ourmonitorwillattendthemeetingin_place_of_our_head_teacher.(inplaceof)⑥Ourmonitorwilltake_our_head_teacher's_placetoattendthemeeting.(takeone'splace)3．delightedadj.高興的；快樂的[記牢](1)bedelightedat/with/by... 對……感到高興bedelightedtodosth. 很高興做某事bedelightedthat... 很高興……(2)delightn． [U]高興，快樂；[C]使人高興的事；樂事vt.&vi. (使)高興；(使)欣喜delightsb.with 用……讓某人高興have/find/takedelightin(doing)sth. 高興(做)某事；以(做)某事為樂toone'sdelight＝tothedelightofsb. 令某人高興的是with/indelight 高興地，樂意地(3)delightfuladj. 令人愉快的；可愛的[練通]單句語法填空①Shewasverymuchdelighted(delight)thathereturned,safeandsound.②Itwasthemostdelightful(delight)gardenIhadeverseen.③Theboytakesgreatdelightinpullingthecat'stail.④Muchtoherdelight,threedozenneighboursshowedupandseveralofthemevenbroughtwiththemsomecandiesandcookies.[寫美]補全句子⑤(2018·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)我非常高興告訴你們這個好消息：一部英文短片將在學校禮堂上映。I'm_very_delighted_to_tell_you_the_good_news_thatanEnglishshortfilmwillbeshownintheschoolhall.4．evidencen．證據；證明[記牢](1)evidence＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(of/forsth.某事/物的證據,that...有證據……,toshow/suggest...有證據表明……))(2)evidentadj.明顯的；明白的beevidenttosb.that... 某人清楚……Itisevidentthat... 顯然……[練通]單句語法填空①Thereisplentyofevidencethatdrinkingiscloselyconnectedwithviolence.②(2017·北京高考)Nowwehavethemostdirectevidence(evident)yetthatheisright.③ButnowanAmericanscientisthadproducedtheevidenceto_prove(prove)thatwe'renotallgoingmad.[寫美]句型轉換④Obviouslyincompetitivesocietytherearebothlosersandwinners.(改為it用作形式主語)→It_is_evident_thatincompetitivesocietytherearebothlosersandwinners.[詞匯過關綜合訓練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Seeingthebeautifulscenery,Ican'thelptakingmanyphotographs(照片)．2．Humanshavebeenexploringtheuniverse(宇宙)formanyyearsandwestillcan'tfigureouthowitcameintoexistence.3．Growingupbythesea,Jameswantstobeasailor(水手)aftergraduatingfromcollege.4．Marystaredatmeindisbelief(懷疑)whenItoldherthatthePresidentwouldpayavisittoourschool.5．Lucywasverydelighted(高興的)toseeherclassmatesagainaftersomanyyears.6．Duetoheavysnow,flights(航班)betweenthetwocountrieshavebeencancelled.7．Hetoldustogoaboard(上船)immediatelybecausetheshipwasleavingsoon.8．Hesaidthathecamefromtheroyal(皇家的)familybutIdidn'tbelieveit.9．ItwastheCommunistPartyofChinathatfounded(創立)thePeople'sRepublicofChina.10．Thecompetitionisopentobothamateur(業余的)andprofessionalphotographers.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Jasonisveryinterestedincurrentaffairsandhewantstobeapolitician(politics)．2．Ilikereadinghistorical(history)storiesbecauseIcanlearnmuchfromthem.3．Wefeltasenseofachievement(achieve)whenwereachedthetopofthemountain.4．Thankstoadequaterainfall,morecropsare_produced(produce)thisyear.5．Johnalwaysmakesmistakesinhisworkandhemustbe_replaced(replace)bysomeoneelse.6．Cultural(culture)differenceshaveagreatinfluenceonourcommunicationwithpeoplefromothercountries.7．IcongratulatedRichardongettinghisDoctor'sdegreefromHarvardUniversity.8．SlaveryhasbeenabolishedinTibetsincethePeople'sRepublicofChinawas_founded(found)．9．It'sevident(evidence)thatwalkingmaybeaneffectivewayifyoureallywanttoloseweight.10．Iadmirehispassionatebelief(disbelief)inwhatheisdoing.Ⅲ.根據提示補全句子1．我打算買輛新車來替換我的舊車。(replace)I'mgoingtoreplace_my_old_car_with/byanewone.2．令我高興的是，在幾百個申請者中我被選中參加開幕式了。(delight)To_my_delight,_Iwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.3．現代科學已經清楚證明吸煙會導致很多疾病。(evidence)Modernsciencehasgiven_clear_evidence_thatsmokingcanleadtomanydiseases.4．在過去的幾年里，中國在環保方面已經取得了巨大的成就。(achievement)Inthelastfewyears,Chinahas_made_great_achievementsinenvironmentalprotection.5．祝賀你們喜結良緣！(congratulation)Congratulations_onyourhappymarriage!(一)課前自主學習1．now_that 既然2．believe_in 相信3．come_on 加油；趕快；得了吧4．concentrate_on[串記1] 集中精力于；全神貫注于5．in_the_history_of 在……的歷史上6．in_total[串記2] 總共；合計7．be_similar_to 和……相似8．take_off 升空，起飛[同根短語串記]串記1.“集中精力于”多學習①concentrateon 集中精力于②focusone'sattentionon 集中注意力于③belostin 全神貫注于④beburiedin 專心于串記2.“總共；合計”知多少①intotal總共；合計 ②inall總共；合計③addupto加起來共計/達 ④sumup計算……的總數⑤innumber總共 ⑥amountto共計；總共1．workon 從事；繼續2．getabigsurprise 有驚人發現3．onearth 在世界上；究竟4．takephotographsof 拍攝……的照片5．inspace 在太空6．o... 把……劃分為……1．WhenYangtookofffromJiuquaninnorthwestChinaat9amyesterday,Chinabecamethe_third_nation_to_sendamanintospace.昨天上午9點，楊利偉在中國西北部的酒泉起飛，中國成為世界上第三個把人送入太空的國家。2．While_he_was_travelling_in_space,_YangspoketotwoastronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation...當楊利偉在太空飛行時，他和國際空間站的兩名宇航員通了話……3．AmateurastronomerDavidBateswas_looking_atthemoonthroughhistelescopelastnightwhenhegotabigsurprise.昨天晚上，業余天文學家大衛·貝茨正在用天文望遠鏡觀看月球，就在那時他有了一個驚人的發現。4．Is_this_the_first_time_he's_seenalienslandingonthemoon?這是他第一次看見外星人登陸月球嗎？[學考對接·活學活用]高考采擷(一)閱讀中的短語(補全句子)1．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ語法填空)Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrate_on_her_studies(集中精力學習)．2．(2016·江蘇高考閱讀D)Thebarefootkidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty,surroundedbycriminalsandviolence,hadwrittenanewchapterin_the_history_of_sports(在體育歷史上)．高考采擷(二)寫作中的短語和句式(詞匯升級/補全句子)1．(2017·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)SinceyouarefondofChinesetraditionalculture,Ithinkthisisagreatopportunitythatcannotbemissed.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞)Now_that2．(2016·天津高考書面表達)我們參觀藝術展時討論了這些偉大藝術家們的作品。(while引導時間狀語從句)While_we_were_visitingtheartexhibition,wediscussedthegreatartists'works.3．(2015·安徽高考書面表達)我真的很想采訪他，因為他不僅是第一個進入太空的中國人而且是世界上最偉大的宇航員之一。(the＋序數詞＋名詞＋todo)Iwouldreallyliketointerviewhimbecauseheisnotonlythe_first_Chinese_to_go_to_spacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.(二)課堂重點釋疑[短語集釋]1．intotal總共；合計；總計[記牢](1)totaladj. 總的；整個的n. 總數；合計atotalof 總數為……totalupto 總共是；總數達到(2)totallyadv. 完全地；全部地；整個地[練通]單句語法填空①(2017·江蘇高考)Intotal,25%ofIndia'sworking-agepopulationhasnoeducation.In2030,asixthofthecountry'spotentialworkforcecouldbetotally(total)uneducated.②Heisscheduledtofindeq\a\vs4\al(a)totalof40timetwinsbeforehis40thbirthday.[寫美]補全句子③國慶節期間參觀故宮的游客達到65萬人。ThevisitorstotheForbiddenCityduringNationalDaytotaled_up_to650,000.2．nowthat既然；由于[記牢]uptonow＝untilnow 到目前為止(every)nowandthen 不時；時而inthat 因為[練通]單句語法填空①Ihave_heard(hear)nothingfromhimuptonow.②Thisexperimentisworthtrustinginthatitisbasedonscientificfacts.③AftergraduationhewentbacktotheschooltovisithisEnglishteachereverynowandthen.[用準]nowthat相當于since，是連詞詞組，用來引導原因狀語從句，口語中經常省略that，只用now，這時now已經失去了“現在”的含義。[寫美]補全句子④(2018·北京高考書面表達)既然你一直對中國文化感興趣，我認為北京語言大學對你來說是一個理想的地方。Now_that/Since_you_have_long_been_interested_inChineseculture,IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversityisanidealplaceforyou.[句式集釋]Thisisthefirsttime...[教材原句]Is_this_the_first_time_he's_seenalienslandingonthemoon?[悟拓展例句](1)Itwasthethirdtimethathehad_asked(ask)thesamequestion.(2)It'stimeforyouto_go(go)towatchtheswimmingcompetition.(3)Itishightimethatwetook/should_take(take)effectivemeasurestocontroltheenvironmentalpollution.[析用法規則]用法歸納(1)句式“This/Itis/wasthefirst/second...lasttime＋that從句”，表示“這是第一/第二/……最后一次……”。that引導的是定語從句，that在口語中常省略。“該是(某人)做某事的時候了”。(3)Itis(high)time＋that...表示“該做……”，that從句的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”或動詞的過去式，should不可省略。注意事項句式“This/Itis/wasthefirst/second...lasttime＋that從句”中如果主句是一般現在時，從句通常用現在完成時；如果主句是一般過去時，從句通常用過去完成時。[背寫作佳句](1)(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)BecausethisisthefirsttimethatyouhavevisitedyourChinesefriend,itisnecessaryforyoutoknowsomecustoms.(要點句)(2)Therefore,it'shightimewedid/shoulddosomethingtoprotectourenvironment.(總結句)[詞塊、句式過關綜合訓練]Ⅰ.選詞填空believein，workon，concentrateon，takeoff，intotal，o，comeon，besimilarto1．(2018·江蘇高考)—Youknowwhat?I'vegotaNewYearconcertticket.—Oh,come_on.You'rekidding.2．Wehavebeenworking_onthisprojectforonemonthandwewillhavefinisheditbytheendofthisweek.3．Theplanewasabouttotake_offwhenIheardsomeonecryingintheback.4．Manypeopleinthedepartmentbelieve_inTombecauseheisreadytohelpthoseinneed.5．Henry'ssmartphoneis_similar_tomine,buthiscostsmuchmorethanmine.6．Thechildrenarerunningbackandforthintheroom,soIcan'tconcentrate_onmywork.7．YangLiweiisthefirstChineseastronauttotravelinspaceandhespentmorethan20hoursin_totalthere.8．Ourdepartmentis_divided_intosixgroupsandeachgroupconsistsoffivemembers.Ⅱ.根據提示補全句子1．(2017·天津高考書面表達)我成為第一個被錄用為第13屆全運會志愿者的中學生。(動詞不定式作后置定語)Ibecamethefirstmiddleschoolstudentto_get_admitted_as_a_volunteerforthe13thNationalGames.2．林先生正駕車在路上行駛，這時突然一位警察攔住了他。(bedoing...when)MrLinwas_driving_along_the_road_whenhewasstoppedbyapoliceman.3．人們可以一邊吃月餅一邊賞月，月餅是這個節日的特殊食品。(while)Peoplecanenjoythemoonwhile_eating_moon_cakes,_whicharethespecialfoodforthisfestival.4．既然你已經大學畢業了，你不應該再依靠你的父母了。(nowthat)Now_that_you_have_graduated_from_college,_youshouldnotrelyonyourparentsanymore.Ⅲ.分步寫作假定你是李華，是新華中學的一名學生。某英文報社招聘記者，你打算應聘。請按以下要求給負責人John寫一封申請信，內容要點包括：1．寫信目的；2．自身優勢；3．表達愿望。注意：1.詞數100左右；2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。第一步：準確審題，理行文脈絡，擬寫作要點本文屬于應用文中的申請信，時態為一般現在時，人稱為第一人稱。根據所給提示和題目要求，文章應分三個寫作要點：要點1應作自我介紹并點明寫信的目的寫信申請記者職位。要點2應介紹自身優勢精通英語、容易相處、有類似記者的經歷、細心、勤奮等；要點3應表達愿望希望被批準并表示感謝。要點1：我是一名來自新華中學的學生李華。我寫信申請記者職位。(applyfor)I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_Middle_School.I'm_writing_to_apply_for_the_position_as_a_journalist.要點2－①：我精通英語，而且容易相處。(command)I_have_a_good_command_of_English_and_I_am_easy_to_get_along_with.要點2－②：我對新聞有敏感的嗅覺，以至于被派去采訪過發生在校園里的一些故事。(haveanosefor,cover)I_have_so_good_a_nose_for_news_that_I_have_been_sent_to_cover_the_stories_happening_in_the_campus.要點2－③：我不僅能提問各種各樣的問題，而且能集中精力于一些事實細節。(notonly...but...)I_can_not_only_ask_various_questions_but_can_concentrate_on_some_detailed_facts.要點2－④：根據他們所講的話，我能很快地準備接下來的問題。I_can_prepare_next_question_quickly_depending_on_what_they_say.要點2－⑤：我細心又勤奮。I'm_careful_and_diligent.要點3：如果你批準我的申請并通知我面試，我將感激不盡。(approve)I_would_appreciate_it_if_you_could_approve_my_application_and_inform_me_of_the_interview.第二步：添加細節，文意更豐滿，表達更亮眼為了使要點在內容上和形式上更加完善，需要使用一些較高級的詞匯和較復雜的句式結構，添加適當的修飾語并增加細節。例如：要點2－②升級為so...that...倒裝句型增加文章的亮點。要點2－③添加時間狀語“當談到獲取信息時”并升級為notonly置于句首的倒裝句型。要點2－⑤可增加細心勤奮的結果并使用so...that...引導的結果狀語從句。升級要點2－②：我對新聞有敏感的嗅覺，以至于被派去采訪過發生在校園里的一些故事。(so...that...倒裝句型)So_good_a_nose_for_news_do_I_have_that_I_have_been_sent_to_cover_the_stories_happening_in_the_campus.拓展要點2－③：當談到獲取信息時，我不僅能提問各種各樣的問題，而且能集中精力于一些事實細節。(whenitcomesto...,notonly位于句首的倒裝句)When_it_comes_to_acquiring_the_information,_not_only_can_I_ask_various_questions_but_can_concentrate_on_some_detailed_facts.拓展要點2－⑤：我如此細心又勤奮以至于我堅信我可以成為一名好記者。(so...that...引導的結果狀語從句)I'm_so_careful_and_diligent_that_I_firmly_believe_I_can_be_a_good_journalist.第三步：連句成文，排語句順序，重銜接過渡結合寫作要點，文章可分為三個段落。寫作時要注意段落之間、句子之間的銜接與過渡。根據上下文邏輯關系，可添加恰當的連接詞meanwhile，inaddition等，使文章銜接緊密，過渡自然。Dear_John，I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_Middle_School.I'm_writing_to_apply_for_the_position_as_a_journalist.I_have_a_good_command_of_English_and_I_am_easy_to_get_along__good_a_nose_for_news_do_I_have_that_I_have_been_sent_to_cover_the_stories_happening_in_the__it_comes_to_acquiring_the_information,_not_only_can_I_ask_various_questions_but_can_concentrate_on_some_detailed_facts.Meanwhile,_I_can_prepare_next_question_quickly_depending_on_what_they__addition,_I'm_so_careful_and_diligent_that_I_firmly_believe_I_can_be_a_good_journalist.I_would_appreciate_it_if_you_could_approve_my_application_and_inform_me_of_the_interview.Yours，Li_Hua理清文體結構之(十一)說明文之事物類——抓說明對象，根據事物特點巧解題事物類說明文一般在首段給出說明對象，然后從幾個方面對事物進行客觀說明。因此，該類文章的行文結構一般較為簡單，閱讀時不要拘泥于細枝末節，瀏覽完全文后，帶著題干中的關鍵詞，再次跳讀原文查找答案出處，認真比對，從而得出正確答案。[高考典例]2018·天津卷·C篇[抓事物特點][高考典例]2018·天津卷·C篇[讀文解題技法]點明說明對象特點1特點2關鍵詞特點3特點4[1]There’sanewfrontierin3Dprintingthat’sbeginningtocomeintofocus:food.Recentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprint,cook,andservefoodsonamassscale.Andtheindustryisn’tstoppingthere.Foodproduction[2]Witha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat—ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito“re-createformsandpieces”offoodthatare“exactlythesame，”freeingcookstocompleteothertasks.Inanotherrestaurant,allofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printed,ratherthanfarmtotable.Sustainability(可持續性)[3]Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto9.6billionby2050,andsomeanalystsestimatethatfoodproductionwillneedtoberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.Sustainabilityisbecominganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontributetothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids(水解膠體)fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae(藻類)andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients(烹飪原料).3D