PAGEPAGE21UNIT6Nurturingnature單元達標檢測第一部分閱讀(共兩節,滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhygotoMadrid?Theremaybeaslightchill(寒冷)intheair,withtemperaturesstayingaround15℃inMarch,butSpain'shandsomecapitalisslowlystartingtowarmup.Evenmoreattractivearetheculturalevents.AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain'sgreatestartist,Picasso,hasjustopenedinthestudioattheFundacionMapfreatPaseodeRecoletos23.Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.Laterthissummer,the400thanniversaryofthedeathoftheRenaissance(文藝復興)painterElGrecowillbemarkedwithanexcitingexhibitionattheMuseodelPradoatPaseodelPradofrom24Juneto5October.Howtogo?ThewidestrangeofflightsisofferedbyEasyJetfromBristol,Edinburgh,Gatwick,LiverpoolandLuton.BritishAirwaysanditssisterairlineIberiacombineforcesfromHeathrowandLondonCity.RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted.AirEuropafliesfromGatwick.TheBarajasairportis13kmnorth-eastofthecitycentreandisservedbyfrequenttrainsonMetroline8,buttheshortestundergroundjourneyisabitcomplexwithatleastonechangeatNuevosMinisteriosStationandtakesabout30minutes.Thefaretoanystationinthecitycentreis4.50.Theairportexpressbusrunsevery15to35minutesaroundtheclock:5oneway.Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.Aflatrateof30coversmostofcentralMadrid.1.WhenwilltheexhibitionaboutPicassoclose?A.On23March. B.On11May.C.On24June. D.On5October.2.WhichairlineoperatesflightsfromManchestertoMadrid?A.EasyJet. B.Ryanair.C.AirEuropa. D.BritishAirways.3.WhatisthefastestwaytoreachcentralMadridfromtheBarajasairport?A.Takeataxi.B.Takeacitybus.C.TakeMetroline8.D.Taketheairportexpressbus.BWhenLiberiawasmyhome,theycalleditsweet.SweetwasthewordIrememberedthemostduringthewar.WhenIwasfive,myfather,twosistersandIfledfromMonrovia,thecapitalcityofLiberia,andheadednorthonfootamongthepanickymasses—ajourneythatendedinavillagewherewehidfromflyingbullets(子彈).Everydawn,mysistersandIjoinedmyfatherandcoveredthepagesofhissmalljournalwithwords.Myfavoritewordtowritewas“sweet”,onethathadthepowertonumbtherealityofour6-monthabandonmentbypeaceandcivilization.Eventually,wewereconsideredtheluckyones:partofthewaveofrefugeeswholeftLiberiain1990tosettleinAmerica.MymotherstudiedatColumbiaUniversityatthetime,andwemadeournewhomeinherdormitorywhileawaitinghergraduation.MyfatherwholeftearlyinthemorningslookedforworkornewsofapossiblereturntoLiberia,onlytoreturnhomewithnothingtogiveusbutnewwordstowriteinnotebooks.HequicklyfoundthattheeducationhereceivedinLiberiawasnotgoodenoughforanengineeringjobinAmerica.Sohetookwhateverjobhecouldfindtomakesurewealwayshadfoodonthetable—andbooks.In2011,Ifoundedachildren'sbookpublishingcompany.Itprovideschildren'sliteratureforthechildrenofcountrieswithlowliteracy(讀寫能力)ratesandunderrepresentedculturesbypublishingculturallyrelevantbooksthathavesomethingmeaningfultosaytothem.MyhopeistogivechildrenthepeaceIwasgiventhroughthewordsofmyfather,byallowingthemtoseethemselvesinliterature.IalsothinkitisimportanttoprovidebooksaboutforeigncountriesforchildreninAmerica,toincreasetheoverallawarenessoftheworldoutsidethem.Iwillneverbeabletogivemyfatherbackthetwentyyearshespenteducatingus,orthehomeandlifeinLiberiahelost.Irepayhissacrificebyhonoringtheeducationhefoughtforandofferingmyarttotheworld,withstoriesthatmakethehistoriesofmypeoplecomealive,andwithwordstoliveby.4.Whatwastheauthor'sfamilylifelikeinLiberia?A.Frighteningbutpositive.B.Sweetandpeaceful.C.Comfortablebutboring.D.Adventurousandexciting.5.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'sfatherfromParagraph2?A.Hewascrazyaboutreading.B.HeregrettedmovingtoAmerica.C.Heworkedhardtoraisehisfamily.D.Hetriedtoreceiveahighereducation.6.Whydidtheauthorfoundthepublishingcompany?A.Tomeetpoorchildren'sgrowingdemands.B.Toprovidemulticulturalbooksforchildren.C.Tosupportherfather'sbooksaboutLiberia.D.TohelpimmigrantsunderstandAmericanculture.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Herpityforherfather'ssuffering.B.Herthanksforherfather'sdevotion.C.Herprideinworkingforherpeople.D.HerdisappointmentatthelifeinLiberia.CTheworld'slargesticeberg,namedA68a,brokeawayfromAntarctica'sLarsenCIceShelfinJuly,2017.Ithassincefloated(漂浮)towardtheislandofSouthGeorgiainthesouthernAtlanticOcean.Satellitepicturesshowtheiceberghasremainedinonepiece.Itisabout150kilometerslongand48kilometerswide.ItistravelingatonekilometeranhourandisonthewaytohittingSouthGeorgiainaround30days.Rightnowisthetimeofyearwhensealsandpenguinsspendalotoftimecaringfortheiryoung.Thismeansthedistancethatparentshavetotraveltofindfoodisimportant.Scientistsfearthatiftheiceberghitstheisland,itcouldpreventthepenguinsandsealsfromreachingfoodsupplies.Thatmeanstheyhavetogoalotfurther.Theyhavetogoaroundtheiceberg,oractuallygofurthertofindfood.Andthattimeisquiteimportantinthisparticularperiodoftheirlifecycle.Ecologistssayanicebergcrash(碰撞)wouldalsodisturbmaterialssettledontheseabed,possiblypollutingthesurroundingseas.Astheicebergmelts(融化),itwouldalsosendlargeamountsoffreshwaterintotheocean.Thiscouldaffectkrillpopulationsthatareamajorsourceoffoodfortheisland'swildlife.Besides,theicebergcouldremainfor10yearsandchangethearea'swholeecosystem.Ifsomerarespeciesfailinthisarea,theirnumbersgloballyaregoingtogodownquitesharply.Thebreaking-offoficebergsfromAntarcticaisanaturalprocess.Buttheprocessischangingwithclimatechange.Whatwe'reseeingnowisthatthespeedatwhichthisishappeningisincreasing.Andso,thismightbecomemoreofausualthinginthefuture.Rightnow,officialsarehopingthatchangingweatherpatternscoulddirecttheicebergoutintotheopenocean,whereitwould,intime,breakupandmelt.8.WhatcanweknowabouttheicebergA68a?A.Itwashitbyanothericebergandbrokeintopieces.B.Ithasbeenfloatingontheseaforlessthan2years.C.Itisnowmorethan500kmawayfromSouthGeorgia.D.Itcameintobeingbecauseofadropinwatertemperature.9.HowwilltheicebergprobablyinfluencethepenguinsandsealsinSouthGeorgia?A.Bybringingotherwildlifethere.B.Byslowingdowntheirlifecycle.C.Bycuttingofftheirwaystoeatingareas.D.Bymakingtheweathercompletelydifferent.10.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thetimeperiodanicebergcouldremain.B.Thepossibleinfluenceofanicebergcrash.C.Thepossiblereasonforthefailureofrarespecies.D.Thefreshwateranicebergcouldproduce.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Floatingicebergswillbemorecommon.B.Theicebergwillsoonbreakupandmelt.C.Icebergshavenothingtodowithclimate.D.Officialshaveplannedtodirecttheiceberg.DAspeoplegetolder,thetypesandnumbersoffriendstheyhavetendtochange.Asyoungadults,humanshavelargegroupsoffriends.Withage,theyoftenprefertospendtheirtimewithjustafewclose,positiveindividuals.Researcherslongbelievedthatthisagingattractiontowardmeaningfulrelationshipswasuniquetohumans,butanewstudyfindsthatchimps(黑猩猩)alsohavesimilartendencies.Rosatiandhercolleaguesused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.Thedatalookedatthesocialinteractionsof21malechimpsbetween15and58yearsold.Theresearchersonlystudiedmalechimpsbecausetheyshowstrongersocialbondsandhavemoresocialinteractionsthanfemalechimps.Researchersfoundthatwildchimpanzeesshareasimilarpatternofsocialagingwithhumans.Rosatisays,“Theypreferstrong,mutualsocialbondsandinteractwithothersinmorepositivewaysastheygetolder.”Theolderchimpanzeespreferredspendingmoretimewithchimpsthattheyhadbecomefriendswithovertheyears.Theywouldsitclosetotheselong-timecompanionsandgroom(梳毛)eachother.Bycontrast,youngerchimpshadmoreone-sidedrelationshipswheretheywouldgroomafriend,buttheactionwasn'treturned.Oldermalechimpswerealsomorelikelytospendmoretimealone.Theresearcherssaidthattheyshowedashiftfromnegativeinteractionstomorepositiveones,preferringtospendtheirlateryearsinnon-confrontational(非對抗性的),positiverelationships.Researcherscallthepreferencea“positivitybias”.Researcherstheorizethatchimps,likehumans,areabletochangetheirsocialfocusastheyage.“Weproposethatthisagingpatternmaybetheresultofsharedchangesinourabilitiestoregulateouremotionswithage,”Rosatisays.“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeconsequencesastheylosecompetitivefightingability.”12.Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutchimps?A.Malechimpsshowmoreinteractionsthanfem-ales.B.Oldchimpsdon'tcareaboutfriendsasmuchasyoungones.C.Chimpsconcentratemoreonmeaningfulrelat-ionswithage.D.Chimpsshareagingproblemssimilartohumanbeings.13.HowdidRosatiandhercolleaguesconducttheirresearch?A.Bystudyingthedataprovidedbyotherresearchers.B.Bymakingscientificinvestigationsandobservations.C.Bysettingupmodelsonthecomputerinthelab.D.Bymonitoringboththehumans'andchimps'behavior.14.Whatdoresearchersthinkcausesthisagingattractiontomeaningfulrelationships?A.Inabilitytoregulateemotions.B.Eagernesstobuildcloserrelationships.C.Lossofcompetitivenessinstrength.D.Failuretoadapttothechangeablesurroundings.15.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Ashortstorycollection.B.Apopularsciencemagazine.C.Agraduateresearchpaper.D.Abiologytextbook.第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Goinggreenisagreatwaytoreduceyourenvironmentalfootprintandhelptheplanet.Beinggreenisallaboutreducinghowmanyresourcesyouuse,reusingitemswhenyoucan,andrecyclingitemsthatcan'tbereused.16.

●Carryareusablewaterbottlesoyouwillnotneedbottledwater.17.Notonlydoesitcreatetrash,butitalsousesmoreresourcesbecauseit'sshippedtothestore.Tobemoreeco-friendly,makeitahabittocarryareusablewaterbottlewithyoueverywheresothatyoucandrinkwaterontheway.Plasticbottlesareusuallythelightestandmostconvenient.

●Usereusablebagswhileyou'reshopping.Shoppingbagsmakeiteasytocarryyouritemshome,buttheyalsopollutetheplanet.Skipthestore'sshoppingbagsandbringyourowninstead.Useabackpackthatyoualreadyown,orpurchaseacoupleofreusablebagsfromthecheckoutareaatyourlocalgrocerystore.18.

●19.

Beforeyouthrowsomethingaway,lookforwaysyoumightreuseit.Tryrepurposingitemsormakinggreenhandicrafts.Thiswillhelpyoukeeptrashoutofthelandfill.Forexample,insteadofthrowingawayajar,youmightuseitasaglass,vaseorstoragecontainer.●Reducetheamountoftimeyouspendusingelectronics.Whileelectronicsarereallyfunandhelpyoufeelconnectedtoyourfriends,theyalsouseupalotofenergy.Schedulebreaksfromyourelectronicssoyoucanusethemless.Duringyourbreaks,dosomethingfunlikegoingforawalk,playingagamewithyourfriends,orpursuingahobby.20.Forinstance,insteadofplayingonlinevideogamestogether,gotoalocalpart.

A.GlassbottleshavecomealongwayinrecentyearsB.ReuseitemstosavethemfromthelandfillC.YoucanuseyourreusablebagsatmoststoresD.BottledwaterisreallybadfortheenvironmentE.YouprobablyneedtochangeyourpersonalhabitsF.InviteyourfriendtoconnectwithyouinreallifeG.Youcanfindideasforgreencraftsbysearchingonline9.20.

第二部分語言運用(共兩節,滿分30分)第一節(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit.WhenIwas13,myparentstookmethereforcamping.Onthewayout,IaskedthemtowaitwhileIranuptoElCapitan,a21rockof3,300feetstraightup.Itouchedthatgiantrockandknew22Iwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylife'spassioneversince—23therocksandmountainsofYosemite.I'velongmadeYosemitemyhome.

About15yearsagoIstartedseeingalotof24,liketoiletpaper,beercans,andemptyboxes,aroundthearea.Itwasbeyondmewhyvisitorsstartedrespectingtheplacelessandtreatedsuchabeautifulhome-likeplacethisway.

Itried25trash(垃圾)myself,butthejobwastoobig.Iwouldspendanhourortwoonthejob,onlytofindtrashlyingallovertheareaagainweekslater.Finally,Igotso26itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.

Asarockclimbingguide,Iknew27aboutorganizinganybigevent.Butin2004,togetherwithsomeclimbers,Isetadatefora28.Onthatday,morethan300people29.Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.Itwasamazinghowmuchwewereableto30.Icouldn'tbelievethe31wemade—theparklookedclean!

Eachyearvolunteerscomefortheclean-upfromeverywhere.In2007alone,2,945peoplepickedup42,330poundsoftrashand32132milesofroadway.

Ioftenhearpeople33abouttheirsurroundings.Ifyouareoneofthem,Iwouldsaytheonlywaytochangethingsisby34themratherthanbycomplaining.Weneedtoleadby35.Youcan'tblameothersunlessyoustartwithyourself.

21.A.distant B.looseC.narrow D.huge22.A.immediately B.finallyC.gradually D.recently23.A.imagining B.paintingC.describing D.climbing24.A.materials B.resourcesC.wastes D.goods25.A.throwingaway B.pickingupC.breakingdown D.diggingout26.A.satisfiedwith B.delightedatC.tiredof D.usedto27.A.something B.anythingC.everything D.nothing28.A.party B.clean-upC.picnic D.concert29.A.droppedout B.showedupC.lookedaround D.calledback30.A.demand B.receiveC.achieve D.overcome31.A.plan B.visitC.contact D.difference32.A.crossed B.measuredC.covered D.designed33.A.complain B.talkC.argue D.quarrel34.A.doing B.thinkingaboutC.questioning D.watching35.A.method B.explanationC.example D.research第二節(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Afewyearsago,afteralongmorningofsightseeinginNewYork,mychildrenandItookarestonaparkbenchinCentralPark.“Look!”mysonsaid,36(point)toanearbyrubbishbin.That'swhenwesawourfirstraccoon(浣熊).Quiteathomeinthebigcity,hepaidusnoattention,concentratingonlyonfindinga37(taste)lunch.Hesearchedthroughafewoptionsbeforecomingoutwithawrappedsandwich38(hold)betweenhispaws.

39(surprise),ratherthanrunaway,hejumpeddownandwalkedcasuallytoaspotonthepath,notametrefrom40wesat.Thechildrenwerespellbound,theraccoonprovidingbetter41(entertain)thananymuseum.Heglancedatus,perhapscheckingtosee42wewereabouttostealhislunch.

43delicatefingers,hepeeledbackthelayersofplasticwrapuntilthehalf-eatensandwich44(uncover).

Thenhesurprisedusall.Insteadofstartinghisfood,heturnedtoanearbypoolofwaterand45(dip)hispawsin.Withacasualair,herubbedhispawstogetherunderwaterforamoment,brushedhisfur,thenstartedgracefullypickingathismeal.

9.40.

4.45.

第三部分寫作(共兩節,滿分40分)第一節(滿分15分)假定你是李華,你校英語戲劇社正在招募新成員,請根據以下提示,用英文給負責人Mr.Smith寫一封電子郵件,申請加入。內容包括:1.申請理由;2.個人優勢;3.表達愿望。注意:1.詞數80左右;2.可以適當增加細節,以使行文連貫;3.開頭和結尾已為你寫好,不計入總詞數。DearMr.Smith,

Yours,LiHua第二節(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。OnMarch16,2020myleftlegwasinjured.Atthattime,Ithoughtitwasasimpleinjury,butamedicaldoctorlatertoldmethatitwasaseriousfracture(骨折)andthatIwouldhavetobeinbedforthreemonths.Itwasshockingforme.I'dneverspentmorethan8hoursinbedbefore.Iamafull-timesocialworkerandhavemanyprojectsthatrequiremyactiveinvolvement(參加).Ihardlyhadtimetovisitmyhome,butmyfracturedlegstoppedallthings.Ihadtostayathomeforalongtime.Itwasbadandalsogood.Itstoppedallmywork,butitalsogavemeanopportunitytospendtimewithmyselfandmyfamily.Iwassadandworried.HowwouldIspendthreemonthsinbed?Whowouldcareforme?Earlyinmyinjuryandbeforemyoperation,oneofmyfriendsofferedhisroominarentedhouse.Iwasgratefulforhiskindsupport.Hedidallthingsforme.Ididn'thaveanyotherchoices.IrealizedinmymindthatIshouldbepositiveandchangemylifestyleaccordingtothesituation.Itwasnotsosimpleoreasy.Ineededtobemorefocusedandcalm.Ibegantopracticethinkingalone,readbooks,createmorepoemsandtalkwithfriends.Thereweresomanyupsanddownsinmyconfidence.Somanytimesnegativethoughtsbotheredme.Ifeltverysad,butIoftengotsupportfrommyfamilyandfriends.Duringthisdifficultperiod,lotsofgoodthingsalsohappenedtome.IspentsomuchtimewithmyselfthatIhadplentyofopportunitiestoreadsomegoodbooksandimprovemyself,whilereceivinggoodcarefrommyfriendsandfamily.Aftertheoperationonmyleg,IrealizedIneededadditionalcaretorecover,soIhadtostayatKindnessHome,nearmyfamily.注意:續寫詞數應為150左右。Paragraph1:IdecidedtoorganizeareadinggrouptopassthetimeatKindnessHome.

Paragraph2:Themembersofourreadinggroupalsocaredaboutotherpatients.

單元達標檢測1.B2.B3.A4.A5.C6.B7.B8.C9.C10.B11.A12.C13.B14.C15.B16.E17.D18.C19.B20.F21.D22.A23.D24.C25.B26.C27.D28.B29.B30.C31.D32.C33.A34.A35.C第一部分閱讀第一節A◎語篇解讀本文是一篇應用文。在西班牙首都馬德里要舉辦名人作品展覽,文章就兩個方面向我們展示了這次展覽會的詳細信息。1.B細節理解題。根據第一部分第二段中的Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.可知這次展覽持續到11May,即5月11日結束。2.B細節理解題。根據第二部分第一段中的RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted.可以得出,從曼徹斯特起飛的是Ryanair。3.A推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段中的Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.可以看出,乘坐出租車花費的時間是機場快速巴士的一半,即20分鐘,而乘坐地鐵花費的時間是30分鐘,因此可以推斷出乘坐出租車最快到達。【高頻詞匯】1.slightadj.輕微的;不足道的2.attractiveadj.吸引人的3.rangen.范圍;區間4.combinev.合并;協力5.frequentadj.頻繁的B◎語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了戰爭期間作者一家離開利比里亞,跟隨父親到美國等待母親畢業,父親在美國不辭辛苦養家。而后作者在2011年創辦了一家兒童圖書出版公司,并決心報答父親為她們作出的犧牲。4.A推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“SweetwasthewordIrememberedthemostduringthewar...ajourneythatendedinavillagewherewehidfromflyingbullets(子彈)...Myfavoritewordtowritewas‘sweet’,onethathadthepowertonumbtherealityofour6-monthabandonmentbypeaceandcivilization.”可知,作者一家在利比里亞的生活令人害怕但積極。B項“甜蜜且平和”、C項“舒適但無聊”以及D項“冒險和刺激”與文章對作者的生活狀況描述不符。故選A項。5.C推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“Sohetookwhateverjobhecouldfindtomakesurewealwayshadfoodonthetable—andbooks.”可知,作者的父親努力工作來養家。A、B兩項在該段中并未提及。該段中提及“HequicklyfoundthattheeducationhereceivedinLiberiawasnotgoodenoughforanengineeringjobinAmerica.(他很快發現自己在利比里亞接受的教育不足以勝任美國的工程工作。)”但是他并沒有繼續深造,因此D項錯誤。故選C項。6.B細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Itprovideschildren'sliteratureforthechildrenofcountrieswithlowliteracy(讀寫能力)ratesandunderrepresentedculturesbypublishingculturallyrelevantbooksthathavesomethingmeaningfultosaytothem.”可知,作者創立兒童圖書出版公司是為了給孩子們提供多元文化的書籍。故選B項。7.B主旨大意題。根據最后一段中的“Irepayhissacrificebyhonoringtheeducationhefoughtforandofferingmyarttotheworld”可知,作者對父親為之奮斗的教育表示尊重,并以藝術回饋社會,所以作者在最后一段想表達她對她父親所做犧牲的感謝。此題容易誤選A項“她對她父親所受苦難的同情”。通過該段第一句話“Iwillneverbeabletogivemyfatherbackthetwentyyearshespenteducatingus,orthehomeandlifeinLiberiahelost.”可以看出,父親做出了很多犧牲,但作者在此并不是表達她對父親所受苦難的同情,字里行間流露出她對父親的感謝,所以A項錯誤。C項“她為自己為人民工作而感到自豪”和D項“她對利比里亞生活的失望”均與文意不符。故選B項。【高頻詞匯】1.panickyadj.恐慌的2.abandonmentn.拋棄3.refugeen.難民4.relevantadj.相關的5.sacrificen.犧牲長難句分析原句Irepayhissacrificebyhonoringtheeducationhefoughtforandofferingmyarttotheworld,withstoriesthatmakethehistoriesofmypeoplecomealive,andwithwordstoliveby.分析該句是一個主從復合句。句中bydoing結構表示“通過做某事”。第一個and連接honoring...和offering...,第二個and連接withstories...和withwords...。定語從句thatmakethehistoriesofmypeoplecomealive修飾stories,動詞不定式toliveby作定語修飾words。句意我用使我的人民的歷史鮮活起來的故事和以此為生的文字來報答他的犧牲,以他為之奮斗的教育為榮,并將我的藝術奉獻給這個世界。C◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。世界上最大的冰山A68a正向南喬治亞島漂移,估計30天后會撞上這個海島。如果發生撞擊,將對當地的企鵝和海豹等野生動物構成嚴重威脅。8.C推理判斷題。根據第一段最后一句“ItistravelingatonekilometeranhourandisonthewaytohittingSouthGeorgiainaround30days.”可知,A68a冰山每小時行進1公里,估計30天后會撞上南喬治亞島,那么現在兩者間的距離應該是720公里左右。故選C。A項“它被另一座冰山撞碎”,D項“它是由于水溫降低而形成的”,文中未提及;B項“它在海上漂浮了不超過兩年”,由第一段中的“Theworld'slargesticeberg...inJuly,2017.Ithassincefloated...”可知B項中的forlessthan2years表述不對。9.C細節理解題。根據第二段中的“itcouldpreventthepenguinsandsealsfromreachingfoodsupplies.Thatmeanstheyhavetogoalotfurther.”可知,冰山可能會阻止企鵝和海豹到達食物供應區,它們不得不走更遠。故選C。10.B主旨大意題。根據第三段內容可知,本段主要介紹了冰山撞擊海島后可能對海底的物質、海中的磷蝦,以及一些稀有物種造成的影響。故選B。A項“冰山可能繼續存在的時間段”;C項“稀有物種無法存活的可能原因”;D項“冰山可以產生的淡水”。11.A細節理解題。根據最后一段第三、四句“Whatwe'reseeingnowisthatthespeedatwhichthisishappeningisincreasing.Andso,thismightbecomemoreofausualthinginthefuture.”可知,冰山從南極洲脫離的速度在增加,在未來,這有可能會成為普遍的事情。故選A。需要注意的是B、D兩項容易錯選,文中說的是官員們希望不斷變化的天氣模式能將冰山導向公海,最后在那里它可以破碎、融化。【高頻詞匯】1.breakawayfrom脫離;逃脫2.spendsometime(in)doingsth.花時間做某事3.carefor照顧4.prevent...fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事5.disturbv.攪亂;弄亂;妨礙;打擾;干擾6.largeamountsof大量的7.intime最后;及時8.breakup破碎;結束9.cutoff切斷長難句分析原句Rightnow,officialsarehopingthatchangingweatherpatternscoulddirecttheicebergoutintotheopenocean,whereitwould,intime,breakupandmelt.分析本句是一個主從復合句。句中that引導賓語從句,其中關系副詞where引導非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞theopenocean。句意現在,官員們希望不斷變化的天氣模式可以引領冰山出來進入公海中,在那里,它最終將破碎并融化。D◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了黑猩猩在步入晚年時期時與人類相似,在社交中往往會更傾向于積極且有意義的關系。12.C推理判斷題。根據第一段內容尤其是最后一句中的“butanewstudyfindsthatchimps(黑猩猩)alsohavesimilartendencies”可知,當人漸漸老去時,在社交中會傾向于更積極的關系,黑猩猩也有相似的趨勢。由此可推知,隨著年齡的增長,黑猩猩會更專注于有意義的關系。故選C項。13.B推理判斷題。根據第二段內容尤其是第一句“Rosatiandhercolleaguesused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.”可推知,Rosati和她的同事們是通過科學調查和觀察黑猩猩來進行研究的。A項“通過研究其他研究人員提供的數據”、C項“通過在實驗室的計算機上建立模型”以及D項“通過監測人類和黑猩猩的行為”與文意不符。故選B項。14.C推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后一句中的“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumans...losecompetitivefightingability.”可推知,他們這樣選擇的原因是他們在力量上失去了競爭力。A項“無法調節情緒”、B項“渴望建立更親密的關系”以及D項“無法適應多變的環境”與文意不符。故選C項。15.B推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,本文從較為專業的角度介紹了黑猩猩和人類的相似性,即在年歲漸老時會選擇積極且更有意義的社交關系,所以本文應來自大眾科學雜志。故選B項。【高頻詞匯】1.uniqueadj.獨特的2.tendencyn.傾向3.interactionn.互動4.bondn.紐帶;關系5.bycontrast相比之下6.competitiveadj.具有競爭性的長難句分析原句Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeconsequencesastheylosecompetitivefightingability.分析該句是一個主從復合句。該句的主語為pattern,被過去分詞shared修飾。定語從句whereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationships修飾response;定語從句thatprovidebenefits修飾relationships;定語從句thathavenegativeconsequences修飾interactions;第二個and連接focus和avoid;astheylosecompetitivefightingability是一個原因狀語從句。句意黑猩猩和人類之間的這種共同模式可能代表了一種適應性反應,即老年人關注于能帶來好處的重要社會關系,避免有負面后果的互動,因為他們失去了競爭的戰斗能力。第二節◎語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。環保就是減少你使用的資源,盡可能地重復利用物品,回收那些不能重復利用的物品。作者主要介紹了四點有助于環保的個人習慣。16.E本句為第一段最后一句,起到承上啟下的作用。下文主要介紹了一些環保的個人習慣,故E選項“你可能需要改變你的個人習慣。”符合語境。故選E。17.D結合后文Notonlydoesitcreatetrash,butitalso...andmostconvenient.可知本段建議隨身帶著可重復使用的水瓶,而不要買會產生垃圾和消耗資源的瓶裝水。故D選項“瓶裝水真的對環境有害。”符合語境。故選D。18.C結合上文Useabackpackthatyoualreadyown,orpurchaseacoupleofreusablebagsfromthecheckoutareaatyourlocalgrocerystore.可知是在建議使用自己已經擁有的袋子,本句承接上文說明這些能重復使用的袋子的用途。故C選項“你可以在大多數商店使用你的可重復利用的袋子。”符合語境。故選C。19.B本句為本段小標題,根據其他三個標題的句式特點——都是祈使句,再結合下文中的Thiswillhelpyoukeeptrashoutofthelandfill.中的landfill可對應到B選項中的fromthelandfill,由此可知,B選項“重復利用物品,把它們從垃圾填埋場中拯救出來。”符合語境。故選B。20.F結合下文Forinstance,insteadofplayingonlinevideogamestogether,gotoalocalpart.可知是在建議和朋友在現實生活中一起玩耍,而不是在網上。故F選項“邀請你的朋友在現實生活中與你聯系。”符合語境。故選F。【高頻詞匯】1.skipvt.&vi.跳過vt.不做,不參加2.purchasevt.&n.購買3.landfilln.廢物填埋地4.pursuevt.追求第二部分語言運用第一節◎語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。作者把約塞米蒂國家公園當作自己的家。當作者看到公園里有大量的垃圾時,開始是作者自己撿垃圾,后來作者組織大家撿垃圾。作者借此告訴我們:改變事情的方法是動手去做,而不是抱怨。21.D由空后的3,300feet和下文中的thatgiantrock可知,這塊巖石很大。distant遙遠的;loose松的;narrow狹窄的;huge巨大的。22.A根據下文Thathasbeenmylife'spassioneversince可知,從那以后,那是作者一生的鐘愛。所以immediately用在這里表示作者立即知道自己想要攀登這塊巨石,表達了作者對這塊巨石以及攀巖的喜愛。immediately立即;finally最終;gradually逐漸地;recently最近。23.D由上文中的climb可知,此處為原詞再現,說明作者酷愛攀登約塞米蒂的巖石和山脈。24.C由空后的liketoiletpaper,beercans,andemptyboxes可知,這些屬于垃圾。25.B由空后的trash可知,此處是指“撿”垃圾。throwaway扔掉;pickup撿起,拾起;breakdown出故障;digout挖出。26.C由上文中的onlytofindtrashlyingallovertheareaagainweekslater可知,幾周后作者發現這個地方又到處都是垃圾了,因此,作者厭倦了。besatisfiedwith對……滿意;bedelightedat因……而高興;betiredof厭倦……;beusedtosth.習慣于某事。27.D由上文可知,作者是一名攀巖向導,由下文中的But及語境和常識可知,此處表示作者對組織任何重大活動一無所知。something某事;anything任何事情;everything每件事;nothing沒有什么。28.B由下一段中的comefortheclean-up可知,作者和其他登山者定下了一個清理日。clean-up清理,清掃。29.B由語境可知此處指“出現”。dropout退出,輟學;showup出現;lookaround環顧;callback回電話。30.C由上文Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.可知,三天里他們撿了大約6,000磅的垃圾。所以作者對于他們的成功感到驚訝。demand要求;receive接受;achieve成功;overcome克服。31.D由下文theparklookedclean可知,作者簡直不敢相信他們所造成的影響。32.C由空后的132milesofroad