MakingtheNewsnewspaperDifferentkindsofjobsinvolvedinmakingnewspapersjournalist記者

designer排版員

painter美術編輯

printer印刷員

critic評論員

cartoonist漫畫師chiefeditor主編deputyeditor副主編sub-editor審校編輯editor編輯photographer攝影師correspondent通訊員MatchthejobandworkinvolvedReporter/JournalistEditorPhotographerCriticDesignerPrinterInterviewingpeopleorfindingouteventsfromonlookersandwritingnewsstoriesCheckingthewritingandfactsandmakingchangesifnecessaryTakingphotographsofimportantpeopleoreventsGivingopinionsonplays,booksandeventslayingout(design)thearticlesandphotographsPrintingthenewspaperHowisanewspapermade?The__________holdsameeting.Journalists__________peopleandwritestories.Photosarequickly__________.Photographers_____photographs.ChiefeditorinterviewdevelopedtakeEditors______thereport.Editorswritethe__________.Thenewspapersare_________bytrainorplane.Thenewspapersare_________.checkheadlinesdeliveredprinted穆青

穆青:中國著名記者,他在６０多年的新聞生涯中創(chuàng)作了《縣委書記的榜樣——焦裕祿》等著名新聞作品，教育和影響了幾代人。Doyouknowwhothesegoodjournalistsare?白巖松白巖松：央視著名記者、主持人，他主持了香港回歸、三峽大江截流、國慶五十周年慶典、澳門回歸等大型現(xiàn)場直播節(jié)目。他成為新一代電視人的代表之一，曾獲“金話筒”獎。意大利著名女記者法拉奇

法拉奇曾采訪過中國國家領導人鄧小平，是20世紀最著名的新聞工作者、戰(zhàn)地記者，享有極高的國際聲譽。

Whatarethequalitiesagoodjournalistneedstohave?journalistsWhatarethequalitiesagoodnewsreporterneedstohave?CuriousgoodcommunicationskillshardworkingenthusiasmforthejobgoodeducationgoodlistenerDiscussionPreparedtoworklonghoursAbilitytoworkinateamhaveanoseforconcisethoroughMYFIRSTWORKASSIGNMENT

“Unforgettable,”saysnewjournalistaDearJournalistinChinaDaily,I’maseniorstudentfromBeijingNo.4HighSchool.Consideringtheseverestageofmypresentlife,majorchoiceformyuniversity,Iturntoyourhelpformyfavoriteisbeingajournalistlikeyou.ButIhavenoideahowtobecomeajournalist.Socanyoutellmewhatskillsarerequired?Whatarethestagesincoveringastory?Howtocheckfactsandetc.I’llappreciateitifyoucaninformmeasdetailedaspossibleandlookforwardtoit.YoursSincerely,ChenJieTheskillsneededTheimportanceoflisteningStagesincoveringastoryHowtocheckfactsHowtodealwithaccusationsofprintinglies1.CanIgooutonastoryimmediately?2.WhatdoIneedtotakewithme?3.WhatdoIneedtorememberwhenIgoouttocoverastory?4.WhatshouldIkeepinmind?5.Whyislisteningsoimportant?6.HowcanIlistencarefullywhiletakingnotes?7.Haveyoueverhadacasewheresomeoneaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestick?Idiomaticwordscoverastoryhavea“nose”forastoryatrickofthetradegetthefactstraightgetthewrongendofthestickhowthestorygoesareal“scoop”topresentideasfairlynottounderstandproperlytoreportonanimportanteventthisisthestoryapieceofhotnewscleverwaysknowntoexpertsbeabletotellwhetherisatruestoryReadL1-L151.WhatpositiondidZhouyanggetatthefirstplace?AnAssistantjournalist.2.Didhehavetoassisthiscolleaguestotakephotographs?**Whatdidhedo?ReadL16-L20Whatskillsareacquiredofreportingastory?BeabletotelliftheintervieweeistellingthetruthBecurioustoaskquestionsDocertainresearchBeaccurateReadL21-L29**Howdoestherecordhelpinyourjournalistwork?TopresentideasfairlyUsetherecordasevidencetodefendyourselfwheninaccusationsofprintinglies.DOSANDDONT'SWhyislisteningsoimportant?ReadL30-END**Whatarethestagesincoveringthestoryofthefootballer?AskquestionsNotereactionsCheckfactsDoresearchandaskwitnessesPublishthereportHint(提示)Wentto…Arrange…Wesaw…guess…Wrote…DearJournalistinChinaDaily,I’maseniorstudentfromBeijingNo.4HighSchool.Consideringtheseverestageofmylife,majorchoiceformyuniversity,Iturntoyourhelpformyfavoriteisbeingajournalistlikeyou.ButIhavenoideahowtobecomeajournalist.Socanyoutellmewhatskillsarerequired?Whatarethestagesincoveringastory?Howtocheckfactsandetc.I’llappreciateitifyoucaninformmeasdetailedaspossibleandlookforwardtoit.YoursSincerely,ChenJieDiscussingroupsandreportyourletterLanguagePointsBeoccupiedwithsth/indoingsthBeinvolvedinInvolvesth/doingsth1.NeverwillZhouYangforgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularlocalnewspaper.這里是倒裝(Inversion),此句的正常句序是:ZhouYangwillneverforgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeof….注意:當一些否定詞,如:never,little,hardly,scarcely,seldom,not,notonly,nosooner

放在句首時,句子部分倒裝,即句序為:否定詞＋助動詞＋主語＋謂語Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelsecanyoufindsuchabeautifulplace.

(否定詞nowhere置于句首,對句子結(jié)構進行部分倒裝)IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.NeverinmylifehadIfeltsohappy.

(否定詞never置于句首,對句子結(jié)構進行部分倒裝)

2.Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin,wastostronglyinfluencehislife.

beto+動詞原形,這里表示將來的時態(tài)

(1)表示(命中)注定,結(jié)果是…

卓別林發(fā)展了他自己的表演方式,結(jié)果是世界聞名。

Chaplindevelopedhisownmannerofacting,whichwastobecomeworld-famous.

所有這些施與自然的錯事都要遭報應的。

Allthesewrongsdonetonaturearetobeansweredfor.(2)表示按計劃,安排要發(fā)生的事情美國總統(tǒng)布什下周要來拜訪中國。TheAmericanpresidentBushistovisitChinanextweek.(3)表示義務,命令,應該做你要在六點前完成這項工作。Youaretofinishtheworkbeforesixo’clock.1)周杰倫十月六日將在上海演出。2)既然他學習那么努力,他一定會成功的。3)你應該遵守學校的規(guī)章制度。JayChouistogiveaperformanceonOct6inShanghai.Sincehestudiesveryhard,heistosucceed.Youaretoobeytherulesofourschool.表示將來的六種句型will/shalldo2.begoingtodo3.bedoing4.betodo5.do/does6.beabouttodoinfluencen.影響力;有影響力的人或事v.

影響(某人),對…起作用Theinfluenceofparentsisveryimportant.It’sveryclearthatherpaintinghasbeeninfluencedbyPicasso.Idon’twanttoinfluenceyou,soIdon’twanttotellyoumyopinion.influential

adj.有影響力的3.assistant

adj.助理的;副的e.g.assistantmanager/director/cook/professor/journalistetc.assistant

n.(C):助理e.g.asales/shopassistantHughes,whowasMott's

assistant,willnowbecomeheadcoach.LydiaistheassistanttotheDirectorofFinance.assistv.幫助,協(xié)助4.covervt.蓋,鋪,覆蓋他用一塊布蓋上了這張桌子。Hecoveredthetablewithapieceofcloth.一輛路過的車濺了他一身泥。Hewascoveredwithmudbyapassingcar.(2)占有(時間,面積)這座城市占地10平方英里。Thecitycoverstensquaremiles.有記載的歷史有5000年了。Recordedhistorycoversaperiodoffivethousandyears.(3)走完,走過他們一天走了20英里。Theycovered20milesaday.(4)看完(多少頁書)現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)讀完200頁了。Ihavecovered200pagesnow.(5)支付(開支)這家公司幾乎不能支付它的花費。Thefirmbarelycoversitscosts.十美元將會支付我們這次旅行所用汽油的花費。Tendollarswillcoverourpetrolforthejourney.(6)包括,涉及,適用于他的研究涉及范圍很廣。Hisresearchcoveredawidefield.(7)報道,采訪記者們被派去采訪這個事件。Reportersweresenttocovertheevent.5.submitv.

提交,呈遞submit(that)

主張HesubmitsonlythatitisnotWashingtonthatshoulddothehelping.submitanapplication/claim/proposal…AllapplicationsmustbesubmittedbyMonday.v.

屈服,順從Theysubmittedanessaytothepressure.6.Noneedforacamera.

此句是省略句,原句為:Thereisnoneedforacamera.

拓展:

Thereisnoneed(forsb.)todosth.沒有必要做某事情

Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutmoney.Tfessionaladj.職業(yè)的,專業(yè)的,從事職業(yè)的Ican’timagineheisaprofessional

footballer.Ifessionalteam/standards/adviceprofession

n.職業(yè)Sheisalawyerbyprofession.8.eageradj.

渴望的,熱切的,殷切期盼的

beeagerfor/aboutsth渴望

beeager(forsb.)todo渴望(某人)做……beeagerthat…Hewaseagerforsuccess.Thechildwaseagertoseehismother.Tomwaseagerforyoutocometotheparty.Thepresidentiseagerthattheprojectshouldbestartedearly.eager與anxious

①beeagerforsth.

渴望,期望

be

anxiousfor/aboutsth.

擔心,憂慮②be

eagertodosth./beanxioustodosth.后面跟不定式時,意思一樣,表示渴望做,急切地想...⑴我們都為他的安全擔憂。Wewereanxiousforhissafety.⑵這些瘋狂的歌迷急切地想見Jay.Thesecrazyfansareeager/anxioustoseeJay.⑶我們渴望周末休息一下。Weareeagerforarestonweekend.9.concentratevt.聚集vi.集中,全神貫注于(多和on/upon連用)concentrate(one’sattention,mind,efforts,thoughts)on(doing)sth.全神貫注,精神集中,致力于……有這么多噪音我不能全神貫注于我的學習。Ican’tconcentrateonmystudywithallthenoisegoingon.他集中精力在他的科學研究上。Heconcentrateshismindonhisscientificresearch.我們必須竭盡全力來改善教育。Wemustconcentrateoureffortsonimprovingeducation.這群人聚集在城市的中心。Thecrowdsconcentratedinthecenterofthecity.軍隊在車站附近聚集。Thetroopsconcentratednearthestation.

※concentration

n.專心;聚集10.

Notonly

amIinterestedinphotography,but

Itookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.Notonly…butalso引導的并列句,如notonly位于句首,notonly所在句倒裝。NotonlywillIgo,butalsoIwilltakemyparentsthere.2)amateur

adj.業(yè)余的→(反)professional

專業(yè)的anamateurorchestra(管弦樂隊)amateurdramaticsn.

業(yè)余從事者Comparedtothoseguys,I'manamateur.Theorchestraismadeupentirelyofamateurs.3)course

n.

課程;過程;一道菜Aneventthatchangedthe

courseofhistory.改變歷史進程的事件afour-coursedinner有四道菜的正餐4)update

v.

現(xiàn)代化,更新It’sabouttimeweupdatedoursoftware.我們的軟件應該更新了。5)skilln.

技能,技巧skilledadj.

有能力的;有經(jīng)驗的;訓練過的(反)unskilledThecompanyisfortunatetohavesuchhighlyskilledworkers.ManySiliconValleycompaniesaregrowingsofast,theyareeagertobuildaskilledhigh-techworkforce.skillful

adj.havingorshowingskill有技巧的;熟練的Theywerehighlyprofessionalandveryskillful.Wegivehiminstructioninsafeandskillful

driving.Biologicalevolutionhasmadethehumanspeciesmoresensitivetoitsenvironmentandmoreskillfulindealingwithit.11.acquirevt.(1)(通過努力)得到,獲得或養(yǎng)成(習慣,行為,嗜好)通過細心的研究,他學到許多電腦知識。Heacquiredagreatknowledgeofcomputersbycarefulstudy.他在十六歲時養(yǎng)成了抽煙的壞習慣。Heacquiredabadhabitofsmokingattheageof16.用他掙的錢,他買到了許多他喜歡的書。Withthemoneyheearnedhehadacquiredlotsofbooksheliked.acquisition

n.獲得,習得,獲得物Theacquisitionofasecondlanguageisdifferentfromlearningit.語言的習得不等同于語言的學習。Heisavaluableacquisitiontothefirm.他是公司不可多得(寶貴的)人才。比較:inquire詢問inquiresthofsb向某人打聽某事1)Coffeeisan___tasteandisnotlikedatfirst.A.acquiringB.acquiredC.acquireD.beingacquired2)She___memostpolitelywhetherIwishedtocontinue.A.inquiredofB.acquiredofC.inquiredD.acquiredB

C

12.haveanoseforsth.

對…很敏感;很善于發(fā)現(xiàn)與nose有關的短語：asplainasthenoseinourface

一清二楚winbyanose

僥幸取勝leadsb.bythenose

完全控制某人followone’snose

筆直走;憑直覺行事nosetonose

面對面地turnupone’snoseat

對….嗤之以鼻;瞧不起under

one’s

nose

當著某人的面with

one’s

nose

in

the

air

非常傲慢,自高自大13.assess

v

對…進行估價,評價同義詞:judgeThetechniqueisbeingtriedinclassroomstoassess

whateffectsitmayhave.Psychologists(心理學家們)will

assessthechild’sbehavior.Thebookletaimstohelpparentsassess

rm

v

通知,告知,報告informsomebodyabout/ofsomethingPlease

rmsomebody(that)Weregretto

informyouthatyourapplicationhasbeenrejected.15.deadline

n.截止期限,最后期限deadline

forThedeadlineforapplicationsisMay27th.deadline

ofIthastobeinbeforethedeadlineofJuly1st.meet/missadeadline(=haveornothavesomethingfinishedontime)workingunderpressuretomeetadeadline16.meanwhile:期間,同時Theteacherwashavinghisclass.Meanwhile,thatboyfellasleep.Aftergraduation,hegotajob.Meanwhile,hemeanwhile/meantime與此同時,在此期間

Thenextprogrammestartsintheminutes;____,hereissomemusic.Whichiswrong?inthemeantimeB.inthemeanwhileC.whileD.meanwhileC

17.casen.(1)anexample例子,事例

It’satypicalcaseofbadplanning.(2)場合,情形

Tomisstupid,butit’sdifferentinthecase

ofMary.Sheisjustlazy.Iheardthatthiswasnotthecase.(3)案件,案例

Thecasewillbeheardincourtnextweek.(4)alargebox盒子,箱子

suitcase,bookcase

①in

that

case

如果那樣Yousayyourfathermightobject?Inthatcase,Iwillnotpressthematter.②

in

any

case

不管怎樣

Inanycase,youmustfinishyourhomework.③

in

no

case

在任何情況下都不,放在句首要倒裝Innocaseareyoutoleaveyourpost.④

in

case

以防;如果,萬一Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.Idon’tthinkI’llneedanymoneybutI’llbringsomeincase.⑤in

case

of

萬一,如果

Incaseoffire,ring119.注意:case,situation,position,condition,stage,point等作先行詞時,其后的定語從句用where引導,相當于inwhich。1)Hewillcome,______________(那樣的話)I’llaskhimtohelp.2)Shesufferedfromillnessand___________(在那種情況下)herhusbandhadtostayhome.inwhichcaseinthatcase3)Haveyoueverhadacase______yourteacherhaddoneyouwrong?4)_______(萬一)hecallsme,tellhimthatIwillringhimback.5)_________________________________(就像小鳥一樣),youngpeoplewillleavehomewhengrowingup.18.accusevt.控告,指控,通常和of連用Thepoliceaccusedhimofmurder.Hewasaccusedofrobbingthebank.whereIncaseAsisoftenthecasewithbirdsaccuse,charge,blame詞義辨析

accuse

(指控)sb.of(doing)sth.

charge(指控)sb.with(doing)sth.

accuse(指責)sb.of(doing)sth.

blame(責備)sb.for(doing)sth.｛｛他被指控偷了一輛汽車。He

was

accused

of

stealingacar.He

was

charged

with

stealingacar.19.soastodosth.(1)表示目的,“以便”其否定形式為soasnotto.作目的狀語時可以用inorderto代替．Thetestpapersarekeptsecretsoastopreventcheating.(2)表示結(jié)果,“結(jié)果是”Heshotatthebirdsoastoshootit.soadj./adv.+asto

如此…以致于…,作結(jié)果狀語Hewassoangryastobeunabletospeak.Wouldyoubesokindastolendmeyourbike?such…asto…

如此…以致于…,作結(jié)果狀語Wearenotsuchfoolsastobelievehim.20.sceptical

adj.

懷疑的

sceptically

adv.

scepticalabout/ofI’mextremelyscepticalaboutwhatIreadinthepress.Environmentalgroupsarescepticalofthegovernment’sclaims.21.besupposedtodo應該,理應,含有本應如何,

但事實并非如此之意Shewassupposedtobereadingathomeatthattime,buthermotherfoundherinthepark.Hewassupposedtohavefinishedhishomework,butheplayedallthemorning.benotsupposedtodo表示不允許Youarenotsupposedtotalkinclass.22.dilemma

n.困境,窘境amoral

dilemma

道德(方面的)兩難(問題)inadilemma

處于兩難中I'minadilemmaaboutthisjoboffer.ThisplacedRobertKennedyinadilemma.Manywomenarefacedwiththedilemmaofchoosingbetweenworkandfamilycommitments.(義務)23.demand

n.

要求;需求

vt.強烈要求demandsth.ofsb.Somechildrendemandtoomuchoftheirparents.(同義詞)require;needThissortsofworkdemandsgreatpatience.demandthat(從句中should可省略)Hedemandsthathebetold/demandstobetoldeverything.Theydemanded

thatthemilitarygovernmentfreeallpoliticalprisoners.demandtoknow/see/havesth.Hekeptdemandingtoknowhowitgotthere.I.根據(jù)句意,選擇適當?shù)脑~填空。1.profession;professional;professorHewasafamous_________inJilinUniversity.b.Hetookupthe__________ofdoctorwhenhewas30.c.Youneeda___________fessorprofession

professional

3.gift;gifteda.Hehasa______formusic.b.Heis______insinginganddancing.4.thorough;through_______thekitchenwindow,Isawthemailmanwalkinguptothehouse.b.Researchershavetobevery________tomakesuretheresultsareaccurate.giftgiftedThroughthorough5.colleague;collegeI’dliketointroducea_________ofmine,Davidfromouroffice.b.Mybrotherneverwentto______,buthestillhasaverygoodjob.6.concentrate;concentrationIcan’t__________onmystudieswithsomuchnoisegoingon.b.Thetennisplayersneedtotal_____________duringplay.colleaguecollegeconcentrateconcentration7.course;causeBreastcanceristheleading______ofdeathforAmericanwomenintheirforties.b.Allpeopleapplyingfordrivinglicensesarerequiredtotakeadriving______.8.record;recorderShetookherSonytape_________outofherbagandplaceditdown.b.Accordingtoyourmedical______,youhadanoperationfiveyearsago.recordscausecourserecorderII.翻譯我們必須致力于改進教育工作。

(concentrate...on)Wemustconcentrateoureffortsonimprovingeducation.2.在場的所有人都認為他沒有說實話。

(tellthetruth)Allthepeoplepresentthoughthedidn’ttellthetruth.3.他被派去報道那次會議的有關情況。

(cover)4.那本書找不到了。(betodo)5.只有當你經(jīng)歷了很多磨難后,你才知道幸福的可貴。(onlyif)Hewassenttocoverthatmeeting.Thebookwasnottobefound.Onlyifyouexperiencemuchhardshipcanyouvaluethehappiness.6.他被指控殺人并被宣判死罪。

(beaccusedof)7.為了占到好座位,我和瑪麗很早就去了。(soasto)8.我以為我們今天會領到電影票呢。

(besupposedto)Heisaccusedofmurderandsentencedtodeath.MaryandIwentearlysoastogetgoodseats.Ithoughtweweresupposedtogetmovieticketstoday.1.section

欄,版,節(jié),部分

thesportssection

edition

版次,版數(shù)

the3rdeditionofthenovel/acheapedition/thecityeditionofNewYorkTimes

editor

n.

編輯

edit

v.編輯,

剪輯

editsth.outof(sth.)刪除LanguagePointsissue/number

期數(shù)

thelatestissueofNewsweekcopy

冊數(shù),副本sixthousandcopiesofthebook2.gifted

有天賦的Asagiftedmusician,henotonlycanplaymusicbuthasagiftforcomposing,sopeoplecallhimamanofmanygiftsandsenthimapianoashis

birthdaygift.3.aheadof

在…之前;比…強(好)我們前面有條河。北京的時間比新疆早4個小時。他的思想總是領先于那個時代。他是班上最優(yōu)秀的學生。

Aheadofusisariver.ThetimeofBeijingis4hoursahead

ofXinjiang.Hisideasisalwaysahead

ofhistime.Heisahead

oftherestoftheclass.4.department(政府,企業(yè),商店,大學等的)部,司,局,處,科,部門,系TheEducationDepartmentThesalesdepartmentgetahead

成功,發(fā)跡,前進go

ahead

前進,進行,繼續(xù)(事情),(祈使)干吧

(開始吧),請吧look

ahead

展望(未來),朝前看5.settowork=get/settledowntowork開始工作一接到這個任務,我們立即開始了工作。Onreceivingtheassignment,weimmediatelysettowork.Theworkerssettorepairingthebridge.6.concise--Expressingmuchinfewwords;cleara

concise

dictionary

簡明詞典7.accurate

adj.正確無誤的,精確的,準確的歸納拓展accuracy

n.準確,精確precise

adj.精確的,獨特的,精細的exact

adj.正確的,準確的,嚴謹?shù)?精密的accurately

adv.精確,準確correct

adj.

正確的,準確1)________statistics,measurements,calculations,areveryimportant.2)It’simpossibletosaywithany________howmanyareaffected.3)Thisisthe______dressforaformaldinner.4)The____timeisthreeminutesandthirty-fiveseconds.Accuratecorrectaccuracyexact5)Theybothcamehereat______thesametime.6)Heis______ineverything.7)Thediagramhadbeencopiedwithgreat________.8)Heisamanwitha______mind.precisepreciseexactlyprecision8.senior

adj.

年長的,(級別、職位、資格)較高的,高年級的(作定語)

senior

n.

年較長的人,畢業(yè)班或高年級的學生

junior

adj.

較幼的,較小的

superior

adj.較高的,優(yōu)越的,優(yōu)良的,

不屈服的注意:本身都是比較級形式,無須再添加more或-er;這三個詞用于比較級中不與than連用,而與to連用。Heisnotsuperior

totemptation.他經(jīng)不住誘惑。2)Thisengineissuperiorinmanyaspects.這臺發(fā)動機在很多方面性能都非常優(yōu)越。3)Heistwoyearssenior

tome.他比我大兩歲。4)Iwillhavetoaskmy

superior.那事我得先問一下我們公司老板。5)Heiswearingasuperior

smile.他臉上帶有高傲的微笑。passsthdown(tosb)

把…傳給下一代handsthdown(tosb)傳遞某物/將某物傳給下一代handsthon(tosb)

將某物遞給或送交某人9.pass

sth

ontosb把…傳給某人Wemustmanagetopassthenewsofherdeathontohermother.Passtheletterontotheothersintheclass.10.polish

polish(sth)(up)(withsth)磨光,擦亮polish(up)furniture/shoeswithacloth用布把家具/鞋擦亮2)(比喻)修正,修改,修飾(某事物)polishaspeech/anarticle給講稿/文章潤色11.approve

v.

贊成,認可,滿意,批準,通過

approval

n.

贊成、同意、認可

on

approval

(指貨物)不滿意可以退換的

approving

adj.贊許的、認可的

approved

school

少年罪犯教養(yǎng)院(感化院)Youcanjointheclassifyourmotherapproves.你可以參加這個班,

如果你母親同意的話。2)Youmadeagooddecision,andIthoroughlyapproveit.你作出了一個好決定,我不折不扣(衷心)地表示贊同。3)Shereceivedmanyapprovingglances.

她贏得了很多贊許的目光。4)Idon’t

approveofsmokinginbed.

我不贊成躺在床上吸煙。12.process

v.加工;處理;沖洗processafilm/photos沖洗膠卷/照片Picturesarebeingprocessed.圖像正在處理中。processdatas處理數(shù)據(jù)processcakes加工蛋糕process

n.步驟;程序;過程;工作流程theprocessof……的步驟或過程in(the)processof…在…中;在進行…中Reformingtheeducationsystemwillbeadifficultprocess.教育制度的改革將是一個艱苦的過程。13.appointmentn.

任命,委派,工作,職位,約會,預約

appoint

v.任命,委派確定或決定某事物

appointthatsth.(shallbedone)命令某事

takeanappointment就職

byappointment按照約定

keep/breakonesappointment

守/違約

make/fixan

appointment

with與某人約會14.Whendoyou

thinkisconvenientforyou?

句中doyouthink作插入語,英語中

doyouthink/suppose/believe/imagine等和疑問代詞或疑問副詞連用時,常把疑問代(副)詞置于句首,

而把doyouthink置于句中。inversion英語語序陳述語序:倒裝語序:主語放在謂語的前面主語放在謂語的后面完全倒裝:部分倒裝:倒裝將謂語動詞完全移到主語前只將助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放到主語之前Incametheteacher.NeverbeforehaveIseenafilmsomoving.①down,up,in,out,away,here,there,now,then,off等表示方位時間的副詞位于句首時。全部倒裝的情況注意:主語必須是名詞,謂語是系動詞或不及物動詞；主語若是代詞時,不需要倒裝。Outrushedthechildren.ThedooropenedandincameBlack.Nowcomesyourturn.Outitrushed.Hereyouare.②表示方位的介詞短語或分詞短語放于句首時。Inthefrontoftheroomwasatable,andbehinditstoodabeautifullady.AmongthespeakerswasChina’sthenPremierZhuRongji.③帶有直接引語的句子位于引語的后面或中間時。④表語置于句首時。“Don’tloseheart!”saidmothertoherson.PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhiteandmanyotherguests.改寫句子1.Hewasneverinterestedinpopmusic._________interestedinpopmusic.2.Asmallgardenwasinfrontofthehouse._________________asmallgarden.3.Apicturehangsonthewall.4.Theywentaway.部分倒裝的情況①not,never,hardly,seldom,little,scarcely,neither,nor,innoway,atnotime,innocase,bynomeans,undernocircumstances等否定詞或否定含義的短語位于句首時。NevershallIforgetthedayswhenweweretogether.LittledidIexpecttogetsuchawarmwelcome.AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.②only修飾的狀語放在句首時。④由notonly…butalso連接兩個句子時,notonly后的句子倒裝。③so/as,neither/nor表示“也……”時。⑤neither…nor…連接兩個句子時,兩個句子都倒裝。Onlybychangingthewaywelivecanwesavetheearth.Abetterunderstandingoftheenvironmentisnecessary,asisthewillingnesstoact.Notonlydoeshewritethewordstothesongs,butalsohecomposesthemusic.Neitherwillhestudynorwillhegotowork.⑥nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when…表示“一…就…時,從句用過去完成時(倒裝),主句用過去時。⑦虛擬條件句省略if時。Were,should,had提前。NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.WereIyou,Iwouldtakethepositioninthatcompany.Hadhebeengivensomeinformation,hecouldhaveansweredthequestion.⑧as位于句首引導讓步狀語從句時，只須把表語,狀語,或動詞原形提到as前，(作表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提到主語前時不帶冠詞)。Childashewas,hecouldworkouttheproblem.MuchashelikesEnglish,heisnotgoodatit.Tryaswemight,wecouldnotbringhimaroundtoacceptourview.⑨until引導時間狀語提前時,若句子謂語動詞是否定式,把notuntil一起提前，主句倒裝。Notuntilweknowmorewillwebeabletoimprovethesituation.⑩So+adj./adv.表程度時,需用倒裝。Soeasywasthetaskthattheyfinisheditwithinhalfanhour.把下列句子改為倒裝。1.Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.__________Iseenhimbefore.2.shehadhardlygoneoutwhenastudentcametoseeher._____________________whenastudentcametoseeher.Never

haveHardlyhadshegoneout3.Ididn’tgothere.hedidn’tgothereeither.Ididn’tgothere,_________________.neither/nordidhe4.AterribleGenie(妖怪)stoodbeforethefisherman.Beforethefisherman______________________.stooda

terribleGenie5.Peopleseldomdidexperimenttotesttheirideas._____________________________totesttheirideas.Seldomdidpeopledoexperiment6.YoucanlearnEnglishwellonlyinthisway.__________________youlearnEnglishwell.

Onlyinthiswaycan7.LuXunwasnotonlyagreatwriter,butalsoagreatthinker.__________________agreatwriter,butalsoagreatthinker.NotonlywasLuXun

8.Itdidn’tstopraininguntilmidnight.____________________itstopraining.Notuntilmidnightdid

Itissuchaninterestingbook

thatJohnhasreadittwice.___aninterestingbook____thatJohnhasreadittwice.Itissointerestingabook

thatJohnhasreadittwice.________________________________So

interestingabookisitthatJohnhasreaditt