犐犆犛３５．０６０

犔７４

中華人民共和國國家標準

犌犅／犜４０９２—２００８

代替ＧＢ／Ｔ４０９２—１９９２

信息技術

程序設計語言犆犗犅犗犔

犐狀犳狅狉犿犪狋犻狅狀狋犲犮犺狀狅犾狅犵狔—犘狉狅犵狉犪犿犿犻狀犵犾犪狀犵狌犪犵犲狊—犆犗犅犗犔

（ＩＳＯ／ＩＥＣ１９８９：２００２，ＮＥＱ）

２００８０７２８發布２００９０１０１實施

中華人民共和國國家質量監督檢驗檢疫總局

發布

中國國家標準化管理委員會

書

犌犅／犜４０９２—２００８

目次

前言!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Ⅶ

１范圍!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１

２規范性引用文件!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１

３對本標準的符合性!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１

３．１符合性實現!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１

３．２符合的編譯組!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!４

３．３符合的運行單元!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!４

３．４符合編譯組與符合實現的關系!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!４

３．５符合運行單元與符合實現的關系!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!４

４術語和定義!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!４

５描述技術!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１９

５．１一般格式!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１９

５．２規則!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２１

５．３算術表達式!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２１

５．４整數操作數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２１

５．５非形式化描述!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２２

５．６正文中的連字號!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２２

５．７條款表述的助動詞形式!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２２

６基準格式!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２３

６．１指示符!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２３

６．２固定形式的基準格式!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２４

６．３自由形式的基準格式!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２６

６．４邏輯轉換!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２７

７編譯指示設施!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２８

７．１正文處理!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２８

７．２編譯指令!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３３

８語言基礎!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!４３

８．１字符集!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!４３

８．２本地環境!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!４６

８．３詞匯元素!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!４７

８．４引用!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!５３

８．５數據描述和表示!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!６８

８．６數據的作用域和生命周期!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!７４

８．７運算符!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!７７

８．８表達式!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!７８

８．９保留字!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!９１

８．１０上下文有關字!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!９３

８．１１內部函數名稱!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!９５

Ⅰ

書

犌犅／犜４０９２—２００８

８．１２編譯指令字!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!９６

８．１３外部倉庫!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!９６

９輸入輸出、對象和用戶定義函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!９７

９．１文件!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!９７

９．２屏幕!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１０６

９．３對象!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１０８

９．４用戶定義函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１３

１０結構編譯組!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１３

１０．１編譯單元和運行時模塊!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１３

１０．２源單元!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１４

１０．３包含的源單元!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１４

１０．４源元素和運行時元素!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１４

１０．５ＣＯＢＯＬ編譯組!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１５

１０．６結束標志!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１７

１１標識部!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１８

１１．１標識部結構!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１８

１１．２ＣＬＡＳＳＩＤ段!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１１９

１１．３ＦＡＣＴＯＲＹ段!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２０

１１．４ＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＩＤ段!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２０

１１．５ＩＮＴＥＲＦＡＣＥＩＤ段!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２０

１１．６ＭＥＴＨＯＤＩＤ段!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２１

１１．７ＯＢＪＥＣＴ段!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２２

１１．８ＯＰＴＩＯＮＳ段!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２２

１１．９ＰＲＯＧＲＡＭＩＤ段!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２３

１２環境部!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２４

１２．１環境部的結構!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２４

１２．２配置節!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１２４

１２．３輸入輸出節!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１３１

１３數據部!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４１

１３．１數據部的結構!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４２

１３．２顯式和隱式屬性!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４２

１３．３文件節!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４２

１３．４工作存儲節!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４５

１３．５局部存儲!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４５

１３．６連接節!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４６

１３．７報表節!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４７

１３．８屏幕節!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４８

１３．９常量款!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４８

１３．１０記錄描述款!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４９

１３．１１７７層數據款!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４９

１３．１２報表描述款!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１４９

１３．１３報表欄描述款!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１５０

１３．１４數據描述款!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１５２

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犌犅／犜４０９２—２００８

１３．１５屏幕描述款!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１５５

１３．１６數據部子句!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!１５８

１４過程部!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２０８

１４．１過程部結構!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２０８

１４．２聲明!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２１１

１４．３過程!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２１１

１４．４過程語句和句子!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２１１

１４．５執行!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２１４

１４．６語句的公共短語和特征!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２２５

１４．７參數和返回項的符合性!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２２８

１４．８語句!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２３２

１５內部函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２９３

１５．１函數類型!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２９３

１５．２函數變元!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２９３

１５．３返回值!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２９４

１５．４日期轉換函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２９５

１５．５函數歸納!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!２９５

１５．６ＡＢＳ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３００

１５．７ＡＣＯＳ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３００

１５．８ＡＮＮＵＩＴＹ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３００

１５．９ＡＳＩＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０１

１５．１０ＡＴＡＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０１

１５．１１ＢＯＯＬＥＡＮＯＦＩＮＴＥＧＥＲ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０１

１５．１２ＢＹＴＥＬＥＮＧＴＨ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０１

１５．１３ＣＨＡＲ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０２

１５．１４ＣＨＡＲＮＡＴＩＯＮＡＬ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０２

１５．１５ＣＯＳ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０３

１５．１６ＣＵＲＲＥＮＴＤＡＴＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０３

１５．１７ＤＡＴＥＯＦＩＮＴＥＧＥＲ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０４

１５．１８ＤＡＴＥＴＯＹＹＹＹＭＭＤＤ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０４

１５．１９ＤＡＹＯＦＩＮＴＥＧＥＲ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０４

１５．２０ＤＡＹＴＯＹＹＹＤＤＤ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０５

１５．２１ＤＩＳＰＬＡＹＯＦ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０５

１５．２２Ｅ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０６

１５．２３ＥＸＣＥＰＴＩＯＮＦＩＬＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０６

１５．２４ＥＸＣＥＰＴＩＯＮＦＩＬＥＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０６

１５．２５ＥＸＣＥＰＴＩＯＮＬＯＣＡＴＩＯＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０７

１５．２６ＥＸＣＥＰＴＩＯＮＬＯＣＡＴＩＯＮＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０７

１５．２７ＥＸＣＥＰＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＴＥＭＥＮＴ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０８

１５．２８ＥＸＣＥＰＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＴＵＳ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０８

１５．２９ＥＸＰ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０８

１５．３０ＥＸＰ１０函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０８

１５．３１ＦＡＣＴＯＲＩＡＬ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０９

Ⅲ

犌犅／犜４０９２—２００８

１５．３２ＦＲＡＣＴＩＯＮＰＡＲＴ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０９

１５．３３ＨＩＧＨＥＳＴＡＬＧＥＢＲＡＩＣ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３０９

１５．３４ＩＮＴＥＧＥＲ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１０

１５．３５ＩＮＴＥＧＥＲＯＦＢＯＯＬＥＡＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１０

１５．３６ＩＮＴＥＧＥＲＯＦＤＡＴＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１０

１５．３７ＩＮＴＥＧＥＲＯＦＤＡＹ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１１

１５．３８ＩＮＴＥＧＥＲＰＡＲＴ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１１

１５．３９ＬＥＮＧＴＨ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１２

１５．４０ＬＯＣＡＬＥＣＯＭＰＡＲＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１２

１５．４１ＬＯＣＡＬＥＤＡＴＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１３

１５．４２ＬＯＣＡＬＥＴＩＭＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１３

１５．４３ＬＯＧ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１４

１５．４４ＬＯＧ１０函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１４

１５．４５ＬＯＷＥＲＣＡＳＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１４

１５．４６ＬＯＷＥＳＴＡＬＧＥＢＲＡＩＣ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１５

１５．４７ＭＡＸ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１５

１５．４８ＭＥＡＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１６

１５．４９ＭＥＤＩＡＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１６

１５．５０ＭＩＤＲＡＮＧＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１６

１５．５１ＭＩＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１７

１５．５２ＭＯＤ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１７

１５．５３ＮＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＯＦ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１８

１５．５４ＮＵＭＶＡＬ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１８

１５．５５ＮＵＭＶＡＬＣ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３１９

１５．５６ＮＵＭＶＡＬＦ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２０

１５．５７ＯＲＤ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２１

１５．５８ＯＲＤＭＡＸ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２１

１５．５９ＯＲＤＭＩＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２１

１５．６０ＰＩ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２２

１５．６１ＰＲＥＳＥＮＴＶＡＬＵＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２２

１５．６２ＲＡＮＤＯＭ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２２

１５．６３ＲＡＮＧＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２２

１５．６４ＲＥＭ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２３

１５．６５ＲＥＶＥＲＳＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２３

１５．６６ＳＩＧＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２３

１５．６７ＳＩＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２４

１５．６８ＳＱＲＴ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２４

１５．６９ＳＴＡＮＤＡＲＤＣＯＭＰＡＲＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２４

１５．７０ＳＴＡＮＤＡＲＤＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２５

１５．７１ＳＵＭ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２５

１５．７２ＴＡＮ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２６

１５．７３ＴＥＳＴＤＡＴＥＹＹＹＹＭＭＤＤ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２６

１５．７４ＴＥＳＴＤＡＹＹＹＹＹＤＤＤ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２６

Ⅳ

犌犅／犜４０９２—２００８

１５．７５ＴＥＳＴＮＵＭＶＡＬ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２７

１５．７６ＴＥＳＴＮＵＭＶＡＬＣ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２７

１５．７７ＴＥＳＴＮＵＭＶＡＬＦ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２８

１５．７８ＵＰＰＥＲＣＡＳＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２８

１５．７９ＶＡＲＩＡＮＣＥ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２９

１５．８０ＷＨＥＮＣＯＭＰＩＬＥＤ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３２９

１５．８１ＹＥＡＲＴＯＹＹＹＹ函數!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３３０

１６標準類!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３３０

１６．１ＢＡＳＥ類!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!３３１

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