Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.WhatkindofdifficultydoyouthinkMaryandhersisterwillhave___________(adapt)tothenewenvironment?句意：考查非謂語動詞。句意：你認為Mary和她妹妹適應新的環境會有什么困難呢?havedifficulty(in)doingsth．表示“做某事有困難”。2.Only40%of5-year-oldshaveaccess_______preschooleducation.句意：考查固定搭配。句意：過去，5歲孩童中只有40％能享受學前教育。此處haveaccesstopreschooleducation表示“有受學前教育的機會”。其中haveaccesstosth．“有接觸(或進入、使用)的機會”為固定搭配。3.Yourtechnical___________(assistant)intheprojectisgreatlyappreciated.句意：考查詞形轉換。句意：非常感謝你對這個項目的技術援助。根據句意可知，空處意為“幫助，援助”，再結合提示詞可知填assistance。4.Thedoctormadealongandthoroughexaminationforme,____________(particular)ofmyeyes.句意：考查詞形轉換。句意：醫生給我作了一次長時間且徹底的檢查，特別是我的眼睛。此處particularly作狀語，相當于inparticular。5.Weshouldkeepinmindthatweneverkeepcompany_______dishonestpeople.句意：考查固定搭配。句意：我們應該記住決不能和不誠實的人做朋友。keepcompanywithsb．是固定搭配，表示“與……交往，與……結伴，與……做朋友”。6.Theshovelisatoolthatishandy______variousjobs.Youshouldtakeitwithyouwhengoingouting.句意：考查固定搭配。句意：鐵鍬是一種可用來做多種工作的工具。你應該在外出郊游時隨身帶上。behandyfor是固定搭配。7.—Iwonderwhetheryouwouldmind_______(do)meafavour.—No.Withpleasure.句意：考查非謂語動詞。——我想知道你是否介意幫我一個忙。——不介意。這真是我的榮幸。此處dosb．afavour是固定搭配，表示“幫某人的忙”。mind后要接動名詞作賓語，故空處填doing。8.Hewas_____eagertomeethisfriendthathecouldhardlysitthroughthemeeting.句意：考查固定搭配。句意：他急于去見他的朋友以至于幾乎不能堅持到會議結束。so…that…是固定用法，表示“如此……以至于……”。9.Ithinkyouwillneverbeaprofessionalmusician,butI’msurethatyouhaveprofited_________musicallessons.句意：考查固定搭配。句意：我想你永遠不會成為一名職業音樂家，然而我敢肯定你已經從音樂課中吸取經驗教訓。profitfrom是固定搭配，意為“得益于，從……中得到益處，從……中吸取經驗教訓”。10.Allthismadehim__________(interest)inthehistoryofphilosophy.句意：考查賓語補足語。句意：這一切使他對哲學史感興趣。interested形容詞“感興趣的”用作賓語補足語。答案：1.adapting句意：考查非謂語動詞。句意：你認為Mary和她妹妹適應新的環境會有什么困難呢?havedifficulty(in)doingsth．表示“做某事有困難”。2.to句意：考查固定搭配。句意：過去，5歲孩童中只有40％能享受學前教育。此處haveaccesstopreschooleducation表示“有受學前教育的機會”。其中haveaccesstosth．“有接觸(或進入、使用)的機會”為固定搭配。3.assistance句意：考查詞形轉換。句意：非常感謝你對這個項目的技術援助。根據句意可知，空處意為“幫助，援助”，再結合提示詞可知填assistance。4.particularly句意：考查詞形轉換。句意：醫生給我作了一次長時間且徹底的檢查，特別是我的眼睛。此處particularly作狀語，相當于inparticular。5.with句意：考查固定搭配。句意：我們應該記住決不能和不誠實的人做朋友。keepcompanywithsb．是固定搭配，表示“與……交往，與……結伴，與……做朋友”。for句意：考查固定搭配。句意：鐵鍬是一種可用來做多種工作的工具。你應該在外出郊游時隨身帶上。behandyfor是固定搭配。doing句意：考查非謂語動詞。——我想知道你是否介意幫我一個忙。——不介意。這真是我的榮幸。此處dosb．afavour是固定搭配，表示“幫某人的忙”。mind后要接動名詞作賓語，故空處填doing。so句意：考查固定搭配。句意：他急于去見他的朋友以至于幾乎不能堅持到會議結束。so…that…是固定用法，表示“如此……以至于……”。from句意：考查固定搭配。句意：我想你永遠不會成為一名職業音樂家，然而我敢肯定你已經從音樂課中吸取經驗教訓。profitfrom是固定搭配，意為“得益于，從……中得到益處，從……中吸取經驗教訓”。10.interested句意：考查賓語補足語。句意：這一切使他對哲學史感興趣。interested形容詞“感興趣的”用作賓語補足語。Ⅱ.單句改錯1.—Itisveryhottoday.WouldyoumindifIswitchtheelectricfan?—Ofcoursenot.2.Alargepopulationintheworldhavenoaccessofcleandrinkingwater.3.Despitehiscry,noonecameforhisassistanceatall.4.Herproposalmetcontinualrejections.5.ItwasTomratherthanyouaswellasyourfriendsthatweretoblame.6.RatherthangoingthereI’dprefertostayhereonmyown.7.Hisparentdoesn’tapprovehimgoingabroad.8.Hesuggestedthatwemustkeepitup.9.Sheisveryparticularwithwhatshewears.switchswitchswitched答案：1.—Itisveryhottoday.WouldyoumindifItheelectricfan?—Ofcoursenot.ofto句意：——今天很熱，我把電風扇打開你介意嗎？——當然不會。由主句用了“wouldyoumind”可知ofto2.Alargepopulationintheworldhavenoaccesscleandrinkingwater.forto句意：全球有許多人無法用到干凈的飲用水。have/gain/getaccesstoforto3.Despitehiscry,noonecamehisassistanceatall.∧with句意：盡管他大喊大叫，但根本沒人來幫他。幫助某人：cometoone’∧with4.Herproposalmetcontinualrejections.werewas句意：她的建議遭到連續的拒絕。werewas5.ItwasTomratherthanyouaswellasyourfriendsthattoblame.goinggo句意：是Tom而不是你和你的朋友該負責任。本句itwas…that為強調句型，被強調部分是由ratherthan連接的主語。當ratherthan用作連詞連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語應采用就前原則，即本句的主語應為goinggo6.RatherthanthereI’dprefertostayhereonmyown.句意：我寧愿呆在這兒也不愿去那兒。當ratherthan用于句型prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.∧of時其后多接動詞原形，尤其是ratherthan∧of7.Hisparentdoesn’tapprovehimgoingabroad.mustshould句意：他的父(母)親不贊同他去國外。approve用作“贊同、許可”講時為不及物動詞應與介詞mustshould8.Hesuggestedthatwekeepitup.withabout句意：她建議我們繼續下去。suggest用作“建議”時從句應用withabout9.Sheisveryparticularwhatshewears.beansweredbeansweredanswer10.Whenhisturncame,hefoundthequestiondifficultto.句意：輪到他時，他發現問題難以回答。當動詞不定式作狀語且位于補足語的形容詞后時，不定式一般用主動表被動。Ⅲ.閱讀理解Whileastronautsinspacegettodomanyexcitingthings,theymissoutonordinarythingsthatwealltakeforgranted—beingabletowalkonfirmground,hangingoutwithfamilyanddiggingintoasliceofsteaminghotpizza.Thoughnotmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirsttwothings,theremaysoonbeasolutiontothethirdone,thankstothiscool3-Dpizzaprinter!Aboutayearago,NASAoffered$125,000toAnjanContractor,a3-Dtechnologyexpert,tobuildadevice(設備)thatwouldallowastronautstomakepizzaondemand.Theengineerpromisedthathisinventionwouldproducepiesinlargequantitiesthatlooked,tastedandevensmelledlikepizzamadeincommonovens.Latelastyear,theengineerpresentedavideoofhisfirstprototype(原型)thatbeginsbycreatingasingleslicecfdough(面團)thatiscookedandprintedatthesametime.Thencomesthetomato“sauce”amixoftomatopowder,oilandwaterandfinally,aproteinslicethatislikecheese.Whilethevideodoesn’tshowthebakingprocess,theinventorsaysthatoncethepizzaisprinted,itcanbereadytobeconsumedin7seconds.Whilethepieinthevideolooksdeliciousenoughtoattractanypizzalover,AnjanContractorisfarfromreadyforastronauts.That’sbecausehestillhastofindasolutiontomakethefoodcontainerintheprinterlastfor30years.Thoughthatmaysoundunrealistic,actuallyitisnot.AnjanContractorbelievesthattheonlywaythatispossibleisthatthewaterisremovedfromalltheingredientsandthentheyarereducedtothepowderform.This,asyoucanimagine,willnotbesoeasy.But,whiletheprintermaynotbereadyforspace,itcertainlylooksreadyenoughforpeopleonearth.Hopefully,NASAandAnjanContractorwillconsidersellingittothosenotfortunateenoughtogotoMars！本文是一篇說明文。許多地球上很尋常的事情對于宇航員來說卻是無法實現的。多虧了3D打印機的出現，宇航員有望在地球以外的太空享用比薩。1.Whydoestheauthormentionthethingsthatastronautsinspacecannotdo?A.Toaskusnottotakecommonthingsforgranted.B.Toshowtheyliveadifficultlifethere.C.Toshowtheirlifeisboringinspace.D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.2.NASAoffered$125,000toAnjanContractormainlyto.A.createsomenewtypeof3-DprinterB.attractmorecompaniestoworkforNASAC.helpastronautsinspaceenjoyfreshpizzaonedayD.producepizzainlargequantitiestoearngreatprofits3.ThebiggestchallengethatAnjanContractorisfacedwithnowisprobablythat.A.hehasnomoneylefttogoonwithhisresearchB.thepizzadoesn’tseemtastytopizzaloversC.hehasnowaytomakepizzathatcanlastforthirtyyearsD.hecannotmakethefoodcontainerlastforthirtyyears4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.NASAistryingitsbesttohelpastronautseatbetter.B.Astronautsmaysoonbeabletoenjoysteaminghotpizza.C.NASAisworkingonmakingpizzaforcommonpeople.D.A3-Dpizzaprinterhasbeenusedtomakepizza.答案：1.解析：D考查推理判斷。根據第一段的“theremaysoonbeasolutiontothethirdone，thankstothiscool3-Dpizzaprinter”可知，作者提到宇航員在太空中不能做的事情是為了引出本文的主題。故選D項。2.解析：C考查細節理解。根據第二段的“tobuildadevice(設備)thatwouldallowastronautstomakepizzaondemand”可知，NASA給AnjanContractor這些資金是讓他利用這些資金去建造一種能夠根據宇航員的需求在太空制作比薩的設備。故選C項。3.解析：D考查細節理解。根據第四段的“That’sbecausehestillhastofindasolutiontomakethefoodcontainerintheprinterlastfor30years”可知，他面臨的最大的挑戰是他還沒有找到能夠讓打印機里的食物儲存箱存放30年的方法。故選D項。4.解析：B考查主旨大意。第一段展現了本文的主旨大意。由于3D打印機的出現，烤比薩有望在地球以外的太空實現。下文則圍繞這個主題介紹了3D打印機的實現過程及存在的問題。故選B項。(2023·湖北華師一附中高二月考)Dealingwithpressurecanbecomplicatedinourlives.Everyonehasit,andattimesitcangetthebestofus.5Beingabletorecollectourselvescanhelpusmanageproblemsbetter.Focusonyourstrengthsandforgetyourweaknesses.Sometimeswhenyou’reconsumedinwhatyoucan’tdo,ittakesawayalotofyou.Everyonehasweaknesses,sojustforgetthem.6You’lldiscoveritbecomesaloteasierwhenyouusethisstrategy.Ithelpsdealwithyourproblemsmoreeffectively.Manageyourtimebetter.Don’tbecomesoconsumedintoyourproblems,otherwiseyou’regoingtofeeltrapped.Sometimesyouneedtotakeastepback,andlearntoletthingsplayoutaswell.Youdon’thavetodoeverythingconstantly.It’snothealthyactually.7Trytosimplifytheproblem.Lookathowyoucanbenefitfromthesituationathandbymakingthingseasier.Breakthingsintostepsandworkthroughtheproblemsslowly.Takeamethodical(有條理的)approachandviewthingsatallangles.Sometimesitmighttaketimetolettheanswerscometoyou.8Ifit’sapersonalproblem,thenputyourselfintheirpositionandimaginehowthey’dwantyoutoreact.Askforhelp.Youdon’thavetodealwiththingsallalone.Helpisagreatthingtohave.9Relyonotherswhenneededanditwillhelpyououtinmanydifferentsituations.Whetherthatisasuggestion,afavor,orjustahelpinghand.A.Twomindsarebetterthanoneanyway.B.Youneedbreakstoenjoythethingsinyourlife.C.Useyourstrengthsandapplythemtoyourdailylife.D.Sometimestheanswerscanbestaringyourightintheface.E.Thinkingofgoodthingsisasimplewaytoreduceyourstress.F.Itisimportantthatoneisawareofone’sstrengthsandweaknesses.G.Knowinghowtohandlepressurecanhelpusremovestressfromourlife.語篇導讀本文是篇說明文。文章簡要向讀者介紹了在生活中如何處理壓力。答案：5.解析：G分析文章篇章結構可知，此空位于第一段，統領下文，下文講的是處理壓力的方法，故G項符合語境。6.解析：C根據關鍵詞比對可知，此空從C項和F項中選。又根據此空下一句中的“usethisstrategy”可知，此空應為某種策略，故選C項，意為“利用你的優勢并將它們運用到日常生活中”。7.解析：B此空前講沒有必要一刻不停地做事，這實際上不是一種健康的方式。結合選項可以發現，只有B項與空前內容有順承關系，意為“你需要休息來享受生活中的美好”。故選B項。8.解析：DD項中的Sometimes與空前一句中的Sometimes相呼應，且D項與前一句并列說明了兩種相反的情況，語意連貫。9.解析：A本節主要講尋求幫助。此空后一句話講如果需要的話要依靠他人。故此空選A項，兩個人總比一個人強。Ⅳ.短文改錯excitingexcitedexcited(2023·山東萊蕪一中自主考試)Onthefirstda