形容詞和副詞中考語法概念認知 形容詞修飾名詞，說明人或事物的性質或特征。如：beautiful，excellent，interesting等。 副詞主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞、或其它結構。如：usually，carefully，luckily等。考點分布（1）形容詞的主要用法（作定語、表語和賓語補足語）（2）形容詞和副詞比較等級的構成及用法（原級、比較級和最高級）

（3）副詞的種類。考點梳理考點一形容詞的作用作用例句句中的位置作定語Youcanseealotofbeautifulflowersinthegarden.Ihavenothingimportanttotellyou.位于名詞之前,不定代詞之后（修飾不定代詞需后置）作表語Yourcoatistoosmall.Shelookshappytoday.位于連系動詞之后作賓語補足語Theoldwomankeepseverythingcleanandtidy.考點梳理【考點精練】()1.—Thatclothesstoreis_______onweekends.—Isee.I’llgotherenextMondaythen. A.open B.close C.opened D.closed()2.Itis________formetofollowtheAustralianguestsbecauseIamgoodatEnglish. A.bad B.easy C.hard D.right()3.—HaveyouheardthesongStayHereForever?—Yes.Itsounds________. A.well B.loudly C.sweet D.beautifullyBDC考點梳理【考點精練】()4.Someofthetiredstudentskeeptheireyes_____inbreaks. A.opened B.close C.closed D.open()5.—WherewouldyouliketogothisMid-AutumnFestival?—I’dliketogo____________. A.everywhererelaxing B.somewhererelaxing C.peacefulanywhere D.peacefulsomewhereBC考點梳理考點二形容詞的用法

1.形容詞名詞化： 有些形容詞前加定冠詞后變成名詞，即：the+形容詞，表示一類人。作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式。 這類詞有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white(表示人種等)。如：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年輕人應該好好照顧老人。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.在這個國家富人從來不幫助窮人。2.數詞的復合詞形式起形容詞作用，作定語時要前置，中心詞用單數，詞之間要加連字符。aone-thousand-wordarticle一篇千字文an8-year-oldgirl一個八歲大的女孩考點梳理3.形容詞和空間、時間單位合用時須后置。twoyearsago 兩年前 100mileslong 一百英里長twometershigh 兩米高 fivemetersdeep 五米深4.多個形容詞做定語時排列的先后順序：(冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞或名詞所有格形式)+描述性的定語(數量、性質、大小、新舊、年齡、顏色)+本質性的定語+被修飾的名詞例如：ablackyoungGermandogThewomanboughttwobeautifulChineseplates.那個婦女買了兩個漂亮的中國盤子。5.else要放在疑問代詞或復合不定詞之后。如：Didyouseeanybodyelse?你看到別的人了嗎？考點梳理考點三形容詞與副詞的變化規律1、直接由形容詞加-ly構成sad-sadly;quiet-quietly;usual-usually2、以輔音字母加-le結尾的，去掉-e再加-yterrible-terribly;simple-simply;gentle-gentle3、以輔音字母加-y結尾的，變y為i再加-lylucky-luckily;happy-happily;noisy-noisily4、其它變化true-truly;full-fully

注意：hard既是形容詞也是副詞，作形容詞是“困難的”、“堅硬的”，作副詞是“努力地”、“劇烈地”；hardly的意思是“幾乎不”，它和hard沒關系。考點梳理考點四副詞的作用作用例句句中的位置修飾動詞speakIdon’tspeakEnglishwell.1、在動詞之前；2、在be動詞、助動詞之后；多個助動詞時，副詞一般放在第一個助動詞后；3、enough位于被修飾的形容詞或副詞之后。修飾形容詞importantReadingisveryimportant.修飾副詞fastHedidn’trunfastenough.修飾句子Luckily,shedidn’thurtbadly.考點梳理【考點精練】()6.It’sdark.Ican’tseethewordsontheblackboard________. A.carefully B.clearly C.silently D.patiently()7.Wearehappytoseeourcityisdeveloping_______theseyearsthanbefore. A.quickly B.themostquickly C.veryquickly D.morequickly()8.—It’ssaidthatMoYan’sspeechwaswonderful.—That’strue.Weclappedourhands_______manytimesduringhisspeechyesterday. A.excited B.excitedly C.exciting D.excitingly()9.—Howisyourmothernow?—Sheis________togotowork. A.enoughgood B.goodenough C.enoughwell D.wellenoughBDBD考點梳理考點五副詞的種類種類常見例詞時間副詞now,then,early,today,soon,finally,before,ago,yesterday頻度副詞often,always,usually,seldom,ever,never,sometimes,hardly地點副詞here,there,everywhere,anywhere,in,out,inside,outside,down,back,home,upstairs方式副詞carefully,properly,suddenly,fast,well,calmly,politely,proudly,softly,warmly.程度副詞much,little,very,rather,so,too,still,quite,perfectly,enough,completely,almost疑問副詞how,when,where,why連接副詞however，how,when,where,why關系副詞when,where,why考點梳理【考點精練】()10.—Asweknowit’sdifficulttoliveinaforeigncountry. —_________ifyoucan’tunderstandthelanguagethere. A.Exactly B.Naturally C.Usually D.Especially()11.—FredisstudyingChineseinoneeveningschool.—Isthattrue?Hehas____toldmeaboutit. A.ever B.even C.already D.neverDD考點梳理【考點精練】()12.—Whathappenedoutsidejustnow?—Acarhitaman._______,themanwasn’tbadlyhurt. A.Luckily B.Hardly C.Unluckily D.Especially()13.—Alex,didyoufindouroldschoollastweek?—Yes,butwithmuchdifficulty,forithas________changedovertheseyears. A.completely B.never C.hardly D.partly()14.Teenagersshouldbeencouragedtogo_______andbeclosetonature. A.insideB.backC.outside D.offAAC考點梳理考點六形容詞和副詞的比較等級 在英語的形容詞和副詞中，表示“比較……”和“最……”這個概念時，要用特別的形式表示，稱為比較級和最高級。相對而言，原來的形式為原級。即:形容詞和副詞在應用中有三個級別，原級，比較級，最高級。 在形容詞和副詞后加上“-er”表示“比較……”加上“-est”表示“最…….”1.形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的變化方法如下：考點梳理不同情況變化規則例詞一般情況直接加–er，-esttall-taller-tallestsmall-smaller-smallest以不發音的字母e結尾的詞加–r，-stnice-nicer-nicestlarge-larger-largest以“輔音+y”結尾的詞變y為i再加-er，-estdry-drier-driesthappy-happier-happiestheavy-heavier-heaviestearly-earlier-earliest以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節詞雙寫輔音字母，再加-er，-estthin-thinner-thinnestbig-bigger-biggest多音節和部分雙音節單詞在詞前加more，mostdelicious-moredelicious-mostdelicious（1）規則變化考點梳理（2）不規則變化原級比較級最高級巧記good/wellbetterbest特殊形式比較級，共有三對二合一；壞病兩多并兩好，little意思不是小；一分為二有兩個，一是老來二是遠。bad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest考點梳理2.形容詞和副詞比較級的用法級別比較程度表達方式和意義例句備注原級同等程度肯定形式as+原級+as(A=B)Artisasinterestingasmusic.Playaswellasyoucan.as可以用于肯定句和否定句

so只用于否定句否定形式not+so/as+原級+as(A﹤B)Englishisnotsodifficultasscience.ShedoesnotstudysowellasIdo.比較級不同程度（兩者比較）比較級+than(A﹥B)JimisalittleolderthanLucy.Jim比Lucy高一點。Ilikeporkbetterthanbeef.常用來修飾形容詞比較級的詞：兩多much/alot;兩少alittle/abit以及far,even,still,rather,threetimes等。表程度加深比較級+and+比較級越來越……The+比較級，the+比較級越……,越……Heisgrowingtallerandtaller.他長得越來越高。Themorebooksshereads,thebettersheunderstands.兩者中較為突出的一個the+比較級+ofthetwoLucyisthetallerofthetwinsisters.Lucy是雙胞胎姐妹中較高的一個。量化比較數量/倍數+比較級+than…JackisthreeyearsolderthanTom.Therulerisastwicelongerasthatone.考點梳理【考點精練】()15.Ofthetwoshirts,I’dliketochoosethe____onetosavesomemoneyforacap. A.cheapest B.cheaper C.moreexpensive D.mostexpensive()16.Theboxwas________thanIhadexpected.IwasoutofbreathwhenIgothome. A.moreheavier B.muchheavier C.littleheavier D.veryheavier()17.—Myteachersoftenencourageme________morefriendsbutIfinditdifficult.—Yourteachers’ideaisright.Themorefriendsyoumake,________youwillbe. A.tomake;themorehappy B.tomake;happier C.making;thehappier D.tomake;thehappierBBD考點梳理【考點精練】()18.PeterspeaksChinesewellindeed,butofcoursenot___________alocalspeakerinChina. A.sofluentlyas B.morefluentthan C.asfluentas D.muchfluentlythan()19.LiLeiisrunning_________now. A.moreandmoreslowly B.slowlierandslowlier C.slowlyandslowly D.moreslowlyandmoreslowlyAA考點梳理3.形容詞和副詞最高級的用法(1)最高級前常用的修飾語：the（副詞最高級前面的the往往省略）。如：Ilikethesongbest.(2)the+最高級+of/in(三者及以上范圍的)/A,B(…)orC? Mymotheristhebusiestinmyfamily.(3)the+序數詞+最高級+名詞+in/of+比較范圍TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.(4)oneofthe+最高級+名詞復數+in/of+比較范圍ShenzhenisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.(5)Thisisthe+最高級+名詞(that)Imeet/know/…ThisisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveevervisited.考點梳理【考點精練】()20.TheChangjiangRiverisoneof________intheworld. A.thelongestrivers B.thelongestriver C.longerrivers D.longerriver()21.－OfthethreeTVprograms,whichonedoyouthinkis________?－IthinkABiteofChinais. A.interestingB.moreinteresting C.themostinterestingD.interested()22.—Howaboutthefilmlastnight?—Well,it’s_______________filmI’veeverseen.Inearlyfellasleepinthecinema. A.worst B.theworst C.bad D.worseACB考點梳理考點七形容詞和副詞比較等級之間的轉換在英語表達中，根據不同情境的需要，同一句話可用原級，比較級，最高級三種方式表達。如：Jimisthetallest(boy)inourclass.(最高級)Jim是我們班最高的男孩。=Jimistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.(比較級)Jim比我們班上任何一個男孩都高。=Jimistallerthantheotherboysinourclass.(比較級)在我們班上Jim比其他的男孩都高。=NooneelseinourclassisastallasJim.(原級)我們班上沒有人和Jim一樣高。考點梳理【考點精練】()23.—EveryoneknowsCanadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld. —Thatis,itislargerthan_______countryinAsia. A.any B.anyother C.other D.another()24.—DoyouenjoyHanLei’ssongs?—Yes.HeisthewinnerofI’mASingerⅡ.Ican’tthinkofanyonewitha_______voice. A.better B.best C.more D.mostAA考點梳理考點八幾個應注意的問題1、有些形容詞只能作表語，如：alone,afraid,asleep等。如：Don’twakethesleepingbabyup.Heisasleep.Theoldmanisalone.2、有些詞既可用做形容詞也可副詞。如：late,wide,well,fast,easy,early,hard等。單詞詞性例句lateadj.Hurryup.Don’tbelateforschool.adv.“Tom,youcametoschoollateagain!”,saidMrs.Blackangrily.wideadj.Theroadissowidethateightbusescangothrowitata