動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing動(dòng)詞不定式三注意：動(dòng)詞不定式是動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式之一，常由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，可在句中作主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)等。今天，咱們主要談?wù)勱P(guān)于它的三個(gè)要多加注意的方面。.作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式何時(shí)省略to我們知道，像ask,want,invite,wish,expect,warn等動(dòng)詞后常接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。那什么時(shí)候把to省略呢？常見(jiàn)的有“一感二聽(tīng)三讓四看半幫助”幾種情況。即feelsbdosth；listen/hearsbdo；make/let/havesbdosth;lookat/see/watch/noticesbdosth;helpsb(to)dosth如：IoftenhearMollysingsongsinherroom.我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)見(jiàn)莫利在她的房間里唱歌。Don’tmakehimstandoutside.別讓他在外邊站著了。【知識(shí)拓展】①若表示“看到/聽(tīng)到/感覺(jué)到某人正在做某事"，則用see/hear/feelsbdoingsth.如：Icanhearsomeonesingingatthedoor.我能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人正在問(wèn)口唱歌。②在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，這些不定式中被省略的to要還原。如：Hewasmadetodomorework.他被要求做更多的工作。Shewasseentoplaybasketball.他被看見(jiàn)在打籃球。.疑問(wèn)詞+不定式不定式可以和疑問(wèn)詞what,how,when,where等連用，共同作句子的賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等，但此時(shí)不定式一定要放在疑問(wèn)詞的后面。如：Canyoushowmehowtoturnoffthecomputer?你能讓我看看如何關(guān)電腦嗎？（howtodosth作賓語(yǔ)）Wheretospendtheweekendhasn’tbeendecidedyet.去哪里度過(guò)周末還沒(méi)有被決定出來(lái)呢。（wheretodosth作主語(yǔ)）.不定式和it不定式可以作句子的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，但有時(shí)候它們因太長(zhǎng)而顯得句子結(jié)構(gòu)不夠完美，故常用it來(lái)代替它作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的句型有以下兩個(gè)：①Itbe+adj+forsbtodosth對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事怎么樣。（it作形式主語(yǔ)）②sbthinks/findit+adj+todosth.某人認(rèn)為（發(fā)現(xiàn)）做某事怎么樣。（it作形式賓語(yǔ)）如：Itisveryeasyformetoanswerthatquestion. 對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，回答那個(gè)問(wèn)題是很容易的。Didyoufindithardtosolvetheproblem?你覺(jué)得解決那個(gè)問(wèn)題很難嗎？練一練：用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。Canyoutellmehowtothecinema?（go）Itisveryeasyforhimthatproblem.（solve）Listen!Canyouhearsomeoneatourdoor?（knock）Hewasmadehisnameontheblackboard.（write）Weoftenseehimbooksontheplayground.（read）Ifindithardanewlanguage.（learn）教你認(rèn)識(shí)動(dòng)詞-ing形式在本單元的學(xué)習(xí)中，我們?cè)诤芏嗟胤蕉家?jiàn)到了動(dòng)詞-ing形式（即v-ing）。它們的用法都一樣嗎？在句中又作什么成分呢？【概念】在英語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞的-ing形式既可能是現(xiàn)在分詞，又可能是動(dòng)名詞，是由動(dòng)詞原形加上ing構(gòu)成的。如swim-swimming，stand-standing等。【現(xiàn)在分詞】現(xiàn)在分詞常用于現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，與be動(dòng)詞（即am,is,are或was,were）作句子的謂語(yǔ)。如：Theyareswimmingintheriver.它們正在河里游泳。Look!Thegirlisflyingakiteoverthere.看！女孩正在那邊放風(fēng)箏。此外，現(xiàn)在分詞在句中還可作一下成分：（1）作定語(yǔ)，表示主動(dòng)或動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如：Thegirlsittingunderthetreeismysister,正坐在樹下的那個(gè)女孩是我的妹妹。（2）作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)的特征。如：Thenewsissosurprisingthatwehardlybelieveit.這個(gè)消息如此令人吃驚，以至于我們幾乎都不能相信。（3）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示賓語(yǔ)執(zhí)行的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，常用于see/hearsb.doingsth.等句型中。如：IheardhimsinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedhisroomlastnight.昨天晚上經(jīng)過(guò)他的房間時(shí)，我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他正在唱英語(yǔ)歌。（4）作狀語(yǔ)，可用來(lái)表示時(shí)間、原因、方式、伴隨或結(jié)果等。如：Shesattheresinging.他坐在那兒唱歌。（伴隨狀語(yǔ)）Beingsopoor,hecouldn,tgettoschoc因l為太窮了，所以他不能去上學(xué)。（原因狀語(yǔ)）【動(dòng)名詞】動(dòng)名詞是一種非限定動(dòng)詞，它兼有動(dòng)詞或名詞的特征。在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等，常見(jiàn)用法如下：（1）作主語(yǔ)。如：Readinginthesunisbadforoureyes.在太陽(yáng)底下看書對(duì)我們的眼睛不好。Iseatingworsefruitgoodforourhealth?吃腐爛的水果對(duì)我們的健康有益嗎？（2）作表語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)抽象動(dòng)作，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。如：Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.=Collectingstampsismyhobby.（3）作賓語(yǔ)，常放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后面。如：①常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有enjoy,finish,practice,mind,stop,love,like,dislike等。如：Whendidyoufinishwritingyourcompositionyesterday?昨天什么時(shí)候你寫完你作文的？②常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的介詞或含有介詞的短語(yǔ)有beinterestedin,stop???from?…，begoodat,dowellin,betalentedat,whata-bpifeellike,awayof等。如：Canyouthinkofawayofsolvingthisproblem?你能想出解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法嗎/Wemuststopthemfromcuttingdownthetrees.我們必須阻止他們砍樹。（4）作定語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明所修飾名詞的用途。Thereisabigswimmingpoolinmyyard.在我的院子里有一個(gè)游泳池。Doingsth1完成某事情finishdoingsth2喜歡做某事like/enjoydoingsth/3討厭做某事hatedoingsth去游泳/遠(yuǎn)足goswimming/hiking購(gòu)物/看書dosomeshopping/reading買票劃船buyticketsforboating掰完玉米后afterpickingcorns擅長(zhǎng)做某事begoodatdoingsth.做某事遇了些問(wèn)題havesomeproblems(in)doingsth獲得樂(lè)趣havefundoingsth忙于干某事bebusydoingsth感謝您做某事Thankyoufordoingsth做某事怎樣？What/Howaboutdoingsth.?跑步有益健康。Runningisgoodforhealth.Dosth最好干某事hadbetterdosth16讓某人做某事letsbdosth.

1718192021To2223242526272829303132333435幫某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.為何不做某事呢？Whynotdosth?我可以做某事嗎？MayIdosth.?我們做某事好嗎？Shallwedosth?請(qǐng)不要做某事。Please(don't)dosth.dosth不得不做某事havetodosth.盡力干某事trytodosth將要干某事begoingtodosth.想做某事wanttodosth無(wú)所事事havenothingtodo需要干某事needtodosth打電話告訴你calltotellyou想要某人去干某事wantsbtodosth使用…干什么usesthtodosth告訴某人(不)要干某事tellsb(not)todosth樂(lè)于干某事begladtodosth過(guò)來(lái)做某事come(up)todosth.考慮說(shuō)什么thinkaboutwhattosay參觀中國(guó)的最好時(shí)間thebesttimetovisitChina

3637383940414243To444546474849505152我有許多工作要做。Ihavealotofworktodo.沒(méi)時(shí)間去干某事。There'snotimetodosth對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)干某事…It's形forsbtodosth干某事花費(fèi)某人一些時(shí)間Ittakessbsometimetodosth干某事很好It'sgoodtodosth我的工作是喂牲口。Myjobistofeedtheanimals.聽(tīng)到這種事我很傷心I'msorrytohearthat你愿意做某事嗎？Wouldyouliketodosth?do/Doingsth開始做某事starttodo/doingsth忘記/記得干某事forget/remembertodosth.忘記/記得干過(guò)某事forget/rememberdoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事（未完）goondongsth.繼續(xù)做某事（另事）goontodosth.聽(tīng)/看見(jiàn)某人在干某事hear/seesbdoingsth.聽(tīng)/看見(jiàn)某人干了某事hear/seesbdosth.停止做某事stopdoingsth.停下來(lái)做某事stoptodosth.

即時(shí)訓(xùn)練:一、用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:ThebesttimeSatellitesareusedfor（plant）treesisinspring.ThebesttimeSatellitesareusedfor（learn）moreabouttheearth.Hefinishes（wash）ateighto’clockintheevening.You’veworkedfor4hours.Pleasestop（have）arest.Sheoftenmakesus（do）alotofhomeworkafterschool.Motheralwaystellme（notread）inbed.Theyaskedtheheadmaster（speak）atthemeeting.（smoke）toomuchisbadforyourhealth.thebabywasmade（laugh）byTom.Thankyoufor（come）toseeme.二、用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完成下列各句：Iwant（看）afilm,（而不是看）TV.Didyouseeher（上了）thebus?I’mthirsty.I’dlikesomething（喝）.It’sveryimportant（學(xué)）aforeignlanguagewell.Theoldmanfounditdifficult（入睡）.Therunnerfell,buthequicklygotupandwenton（跑）.Remember（關(guān)）thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.Stop（談話），please.It'stime（上課）.Ittookmetwohours（完成）myhomeworklastnight.Ispenttwohours（做）myhomeworklastnight.三、單項(xiàng)選擇Herwishisafamoussinger.A.becomeB.becameC.becomesD.tobecomeOurmonitorisalwaysreadyothers.A.helpB.helpsC.tohelpD.helpingHaveyoudecidedforyourholidays?A.gowhereB.wheretogoC.togowhereD.wheregoWouldyoupleasemeachair?A.give;tositonB.give;tositC.giving;sitD.togive;sitonThereidnodifferencebetweenthetwowords.Ireallydon’tknow.A.whattochooseB.whichtochooseC.tochoosewhichD.tochoosewhatThoughhehadoftenmadehissister,todayhewasmadebyhissister.A.cry;cryingB.crying;cryingC.cry;tocryD.tocry;cry-Whyareyougoingshoppingifyoudon’t?-Mywifewantswithher.A.wantto;IgoB.want;megoingC.wantto;metogoD.want;togoWeareoftentoldpeopleintrouble.A.tosmilingB.nottosmileC.tolaughD.nottolaughatYoulooksotired.Whynotarest?A.stophavingB.tostophaveC.stoptohaveD.tostoptohaveWhatafineday!Howaboutoutforawalk?A.goB.togoC.goneD.goingMarywentaftershefinishedherwork.A.swim;doingB.toswim;todoC.toswim;doingD.swimming;todoWouldyoumindthewindow,please?It’scoldoutside.A.tocloseB.closingC.closedD.closeAfridgeisusedforvegetableandfoodcool.A.keptB.keepingC.tokeepD.keepsThefarmersonthefarmarebusyap