Let’splayaguessinggame.Itisabook.

2.Thebookcantellthemeaningsofwords.3.Itisabookwhichcantellthemeaningsofwords.1.Itisamachine2.Themachinecanflyveryfast.3.Itisamachinethatcanflyveryfast.1.Hewasthefirstperson2.Thepersoninventedthelights.3.Hewasthefirstpersonwhoinventedthelights.Shewasthefirstwoman.ThewomanwontheNobelPrize.3.ShewasthefirstwomanwhowontheNobelPrize.1.Heisanactor.2.Theactor’sfatherisaveryfamousactionmoviestar.3.

Heisanactorwhosefatherisaveryfamousactionmoviestar.1.Itisatool.2.Thetool’sfunctioniscutting.3.Itisatoolwhosefunctioniscutting.Whattypeofclausearetheredpartsintheabovesentences?Itisatool

whosefunctioniscutting.Shewasthefirstwoman

whowontheNobelPrize.Itisamachine

thatcanflyveryfast.Itisabook

whichcantellthemeaningsofwords.

theAttributiveClauseGrammar

定語從句AttributiveClause（定語從句）概念在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句.被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。HeisanEnglishteacher

wholikessingingsongs.定語從句先行詞引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞:who﹑whom﹑that﹑which﹑whose、as關(guān)系副詞:where﹑when﹑why關(guān)系代詞的三大作用1.

連接（主句和定語從句）2.替代（前面的先行詞）3.成分（在定語從句中要充當(dāng)一定的成分）Hefoundthebookthat

hewanted.Thisis

thecar

which

heboughtlastyear.

Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)amachinethemachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)amachinethat/which關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.

關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.that/who/whomThegirl注意避免重復(fù)TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

(主語)Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.

(賓語)

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreet

gotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterday

willgiveusatalk.定語從句三要素:先行詞,關(guān)系詞,從句先行詞關(guān)系詞從句Thisistheverybookthatinterestsmemost.先行詞關(guān)系詞從句Relativepronouns:who,whom

which,that,whose

成分代替主語賓語定語人物人/物whowhowhomwhosewhich(which)whosethat(that)

whose關(guān)系代詞

1.who指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）Theman

Italkedwithisourteacher.Aperson

stealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作賓語(作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Theman

ItalkedtoisMr.Li.Theman

ItalkedisMr.Li.(who)who(whom/who)

towhom關(guān)系代詞

3.whose是代詞的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebook

coverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawoman

bagwasstolen.whosewhose4.which指物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Aplaneisamachine

canfly.(主語)Theletter

Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.（賓語）Idon’tlikethepeople

___talktoomuchbutdolittle.1.that

人或物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略)whothat(that)Theearthisround,___weallknow.___isknowntoall,theearthisroundas

As定語從句在句首時(shí)只能用as,as具有正如之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞一般是固定的as的使用Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.asas這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。定語從句as的使用1.Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_____hasbeensaidbefore.which

2___everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.Asas引導(dǎo)定語從句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which引導(dǎo)定語從句不能放在句首.as譯為正如，好像。，which則沒有此義。as的使用Testhowwellyoumasterit?趣味定語從句競賽competition(搶答)第一部分.找從句

指出下面各個(gè)定語從句中的先行詞、關(guān)系詞。1.The

boywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledJack.2.Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.3.Thecar(that/which)heboughtyesterdayisasecond-handone.4.Harryistheboywhosefatherisourmathsteacher.5.Weliveinahousewhose

windowopenstothesouth.(搶答)第二部分.觀察總結(jié)在下列定語從句中關(guān)系代詞只能用that

1.當(dāng)先行詞為everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much,theone等不定代詞時(shí)。如：

Thisbookcontainsmuch/littlethatisuseful.

這本書中有很多/沒有多少有用的東西。

Imeantheonethatwasboughtyesterday.

我指的是昨天買的那個(gè)。2.當(dāng)先行詞被all,each,few,much,every,no,some,any等不定代詞修飾時(shí)。如：

Ihavereadallthebook(that)yougaveme.

我把你給我的書都看了。

Therearesomejobs(that)mencan'tdoverywell.

有些工作男人無法做好。3.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如：

Thisisthefirstfilm(that)IhaveseensinceIcamehere.

這是我到這里以來所看的第一部電影。

Thisisthebiggestapple(that)Ihaveevereaten.

這是我所吃過的蘋果中最大的一個(gè)。4.先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。如：

Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschools(that)wehadvisited.

我們?cè)L問過的老師和參觀過的學(xué)校給我們留下了深刻的印象。

5.先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast等修飾時(shí)。如：

Maryistheonlyfriend(that)IhaveinAustralia.

瑪麗是我在澳大利亞唯一的朋友。

Sheistheverythief(that)thepolicemanislookingfor.

她就是警察正在尋找的那個(gè)小偷。

ThelastplacetheyvisitedwastheSummerPalace.

他們最后參觀的地方是頤和園。

6.先行詞在主句中作表語，或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時(shí)。如：

Thisisadictionarythatwillhelpyoualot.

這是本對(duì)你很有幫助的字典。

Don'tcheatme.I'mnolongertheboythatIwasthreeyearsago.

別騙我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。

which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。

Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikevery much.Shewasawardedagoldmedal,whichthe wholefamilyconsideredagreathonor.Sheisalwayslateforclass,whichmakes theteacherangry.第三部分.填空題(必答)Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

which

orwhose.1.Theearthquake___________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.that/which

2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople__________losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.that/whoFillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

which

orwhose.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

whichorwhose.3.Thehouse__________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquakethat/whichFillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

which

orwhose.4.Theperson__________________youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.(whom/who/that)Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

which

orwhose.5.Luckilynoneofthepeople______________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.(who/whom/that)Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

which

orwhose.6.Harryistheboy______motherisourmathsteacher.whoseFillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

which

orwhose.7.Thosepictures_________weredrawnbyTomarenice.which/thatFillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

which

orwhose.8.Those_____willgototheparkstayhere.whoFillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

which

orwhose.9.Thatwasallthemoney______Ihad.that10.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons_________theyrememberedintheschool.thatFillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,

which

orwhose.1.Thehouse__________weliveinisveryold.2.Thosearetheshoes__________Ilostlastweek.3.Thatistheman__________foundmyhandbag.4.Lucycan’teatfood__________has chocolateinit.5.Thecar__________myunclebought lastmonthisverybeautiful.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhich/that6.Thevillage__________GuoPenglivesinisveryfaraway.7.Theboy__________isweari